Fault self-isolation circuits, equipment, and electric mobility scooters
By designing a fault self-isolation circuit and using the first and second control modules to control the switching module, the problem of device failures on the UART ports of multiple devices affecting other devices is solved, achieving fault self-isolation and automatic communication recovery, thus improving system reliability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINE INTELLIGENT CHANGZHOU TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
When multiple devices are connected to the same single-line UART port, if one device fails, the other devices will not work properly. Existing technology cannot effectively identify the fault and perform self-isolation.
Design a fault self-isolation circuit, including a first control module and a second control module. By detecting whether there is a short circuit fault at the data transmission end, the circuit controls the switching module to achieve self-isolation between the faulty device and the communication interface, and restores communication when the fault is cleared.
It enables automatic isolation when equipment fails, avoiding impact on the normal operation of other equipment, and automatically restores communication when the fault is resolved, thus improving the reliability of single-line UART.
Smart Images
Figure CN224438544U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a fault self-isolation circuit, device, and electric mobility scooter. Background Technology
[0002] UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter) is a serial communication protocol used for asynchronous data transmission between devices. Single-wire UART is a simplified version of UART, which uses only one signal line for bidirectional data transmission and is suitable for scenarios with limited pin resources or complex wiring.
[0003] Single-wire UARTs are often used in applications with small data volumes or low real-time requirements, helping to reduce power consumption and simplify design. Due to pin resource limitations, when multiple devices are connected to the same single-wire UART, i.e., multiple devices are connected to the same single-wire UART port on the main controller, if one device fails, it will pull the single-wire UART level low, and other devices connected to that single-wire UART port will not function properly. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides a fault self-isolation circuit, device, and electric mobility scooter, which can identify and self-isolate faults when one device fails, so as to avoid affecting the normal operation of other devices connected to the same single-wire UART port when multiple devices are connected to the same single-wire UART port.
[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a fault self-isolation circuit, comprising:
[0006] The first control module is connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the data transmission terminal, and is used to control the data transmission terminal to be at a high level when the data transmission terminal is in an idle state or when sending the first data;
[0007] The second control module is connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the control terminal of the switch module, and the control terminal of the second control module is connected to the data transmission terminal.
[0008] The switch module is connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the communication interface;
[0009] The second control module is used to control the on / off state of the switch module based on whether the data transmission terminal is short-circuited.
[0010] Optionally, the switching module includes:
[0011] A first switching unit, wherein a first end of the first switching unit is connected to the data transmission terminal, a second end of the first switching unit is connected to the communication interface, and a control terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the second control module.
[0012] Optionally, the second control module includes:
[0013] A charging unit, wherein the first end of the charging unit is connected to the output end of the power supply, and the control end of the charging unit is connected to the data transmission end;
[0014] A discharge unit, wherein the first end of the discharge unit is connected to the data transmission end;
[0015] An energy storage unit, wherein a first end of the energy storage unit is connected to a second end of the charging unit, a first end of the energy storage unit is also connected to a second end of the discharging unit, a first end of the energy storage unit is also connected to a control terminal of the first switching unit, and a second end of the energy storage unit is grounded.
[0016] Optionally, the charging unit includes:
[0017] The second switching unit has a first end connected to the output terminal of the power supply, a second end connected to the first end of the first resistor, and a control terminal connected to the data transmission terminal.
[0018] The first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit.
[0019] Optionally, the discharge unit includes:
[0020] A first diode, the anode of which is connected to the first terminal of a second resistor, and the cathode of which is connected to the data transmission terminal;
[0021] A second resistor, the second end of which is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit;
[0022] The discharge unit is used to discharge when the data transmission terminal sends second data or when a short circuit fault occurs. The discharge duration of the discharge unit is longer than a preset duration. The preset duration is the longest data transmission duration between the data transmission terminal and the communication interface.
[0023] Optionally, the first control module includes: a third resistor;
[0024] The first end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the data transmission terminal.
[0025] Optionally, the circuit further includes: a data transmitting end and a data receiving end;
[0026] The data transmitting end is connected to the data receiving end via a second diode at the data transmission end;
[0027] The positive terminal of the second diode is connected to the data transmission terminal, and the negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the data transmission terminal.
[0028] Optionally, the circuit further includes: a fourth resistor;
[0029] The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output end of the switching module, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the communication interface.
[0030] And / or, the circuit further includes: an electrostatic discharge protection diode;
[0031] The positive terminal of the electrostatic discharge protection diode is connected to the communication interface; the negative terminal of the electrostatic discharge protection diode is grounded.
[0032] Secondly, this application provides a device that transmits data via UART communication, including: a fault self-isolation circuit as described in any of the first aspects.
[0033] Thirdly, this application provides an electric mobility scooter, including the device described in the second aspect.
[0034] This application provides a fault self-isolation circuit, device, and electric mobility scooter. The fault self-isolation circuit includes: a first control module connected between the output terminal of a power supply and the data transmission terminal, used to control the data transmission terminal to a high level when the data transmission terminal is in an idle state or when transmitting first data; a second control module connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the control terminal of a switch module, with the control terminal of the second control module connected to the data transmission terminal; and a switch module connected between the output terminal of the power supply and a communication interface. The second control module controls the switching module's on / off state based on whether the data transmission terminal has a short-circuit fault. By controlling the switch module through the second control module, when the data transmission terminal has a short-circuit fault, the switch module is disconnected, achieving self-isolation between the faulty device and the communication interface. When the short-circuit fault is resolved, the switch module is turned on again, restoring communication. Attached Figure Description
[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.
[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating UART communication between multiple devices and a main controller, provided as an embodiment of this application.
[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a fault self-isolation circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another fault self-isolation circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another fault self-isolation circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0041] 100: Power output terminal; 200: Data transmission terminal; 300: Communication interface; 10: First control module; 20: Second control module; 201: Charging unit; 202: Discharging unit; 203: Energy storage unit; 30: Switching module.
[0042] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation
[0043] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.
[0044] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram illustrating UART communication between multiple devices and a main controller, as shown in the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, it includes three communication nodes: the main controller, device 1, and device 2. The power output terminal VCC and the ground terminal GND provide operating power, and COM is a single-wire UART communication interface.
[0045] In the existing technology, when a short circuit to ground fault occurs inside device 1, the level of the communication interface COM will be pulled low, and device 2 will also be unable to work properly.
[0046] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a fault self-isolation circuit. Through a first control module, when the data transmission terminal is idle or transmitting first data, the second control module is activated, thereby controlling the switch module to activate. Furthermore, the second control module can activate the switch module when there is a short-circuit fault at the data transmission terminal, achieving self-isolation between the device and the communication interface under short-circuit fault conditions. When the short-circuit fault is resolved, the switch module can be activated again, thereby restoring communication.
[0047] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fault self-isolation circuit provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:
[0049] The first control module 10 is connected between the power supply output terminal 100 and the data transmission terminal 200, and is used to control the data transmission terminal 200 to be at a high level when the data transmission terminal 200 is in an idle state or when sending the first data.
[0050] The second control module 20 is connected between the output terminal 100 of the power supply and the control terminal of the switch module 30, and the control terminal of the second control module 20 is connected to the data transmission terminal 200.
[0051] The switch module 30 is connected between the output terminal 100 of the power supply and the communication interface 300;
[0052] The second control module 20 is used to control the on / off state of the switch module 30 according to whether the data transmission terminal 200 is short-circuited.
[0053] The data transmission terminal 200 can be in various states, such as short circuit fault, idle state, and data transmission state. The data transmission state includes the state of transmitting the first data and the state of transmitting the second data.
[0054] Optionally, when a short circuit fault occurs at the data transmission terminal 200 or when the second data (e.g., data 0) is transmitted, the level of the data transmission terminal 200 is low. When the data transmission terminal 200 is idle or when the first data (e.g., data 1) is transmitted, the level of the data transmission terminal 200 can be controlled to be high by the first control module 10, so as to realize the control of the on / off state of the first control module 10 under different circumstances.
[0055] When the data transmission terminal 200 is idle or sending the first data, the second control module 20 is turned on and controls the switch module 30 to turn on. When the data transmission terminal 200 is sending the second data normally, the data transmission terminal 200 is at a low level for a short time, the second control module 20 is turned off, but the switch module 30 will remain on. When a short circuit fault occurs in the data transmission terminal 200, the data transmission terminal 200 is at a low level for a long time, the second control module 20 is turned off, and it will also control the switch module 30 to turn off.
[0056] Therefore, the switch module 30 will only disconnect when a short circuit fault occurs at the data transmission terminal 200; the switch module 30 will turn on when the data transmission terminal 200 is sending data normally (whether sending data 0 or data 1) or is in an idle state.
[0057] The fault self-isolation circuit provided in this application is installed in the device. The data transmission end 200 can be one end after the data transmitting end TXD and the data receiving end RXD are connected. The level of the data transmission end 200 is related to whether the data transmitting end TXD sends data. The data transmitting end TXD and the data receiving end RXD are connected to the controller MCU (Microcontroller Unit) in the device.
[0058] The circuit described above allows the switching module 30 to be disconnected when a short circuit fault occurs in the device, i.e., when the data transmission terminal 200 is in a short circuit state, thereby disconnecting the device from the communication interface COM.
[0059] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, when a short circuit fault occurs in device 1, device 1 can identify the short circuit fault and disconnect from the communication interface COM, disconnecting from the single-wire UART, thus achieving fault self-isolation and not affecting the operation of other devices.
[0060] Furthermore, when the short-circuit fault of the device is cleared, the first control module 10 can adjust the level of the data transmission terminal 200 to a high level, thereby controlling the second control module 20 to conduct, and then controlling the switch module 30 to conduct, so as to realize the automatic restoration of the device's communication.
[0061] This application provides a fault self-isolation circuit, device, and electric mobility scooter. The fault self-isolation circuit includes: a first control module 10 connected between the output terminal 100 of the power supply and the data transmission terminal 200, used to control the data transmission terminal 200 to be at a high level when the data transmission terminal 200 is idle or when sending first data; a second control module 20 connected between the output terminal 100 of the power supply and the control terminal of the switch module 30, and the control terminal of the second control module 20 is connected to the data transmission terminal 200; and a switch module 30 connected between the output terminal 100 of the power supply and the communication interface 300. The second control module 20 controls the switching module 30 to open or close based on whether the data transmission terminal 200 is short-circuited. By controlling the switch module 30, when the data transmission terminal 200 is short-circuited, the switch module 30 is disconnected, achieving self-isolation between the faulty device and the communication interface 300. When the short-circuit fault is resolved, the switch module 30 is turned on again, restoring communication.
[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another fault self-isolation circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of yet another fault self-isolation circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. (See reference) Figure 3 and Figure 4 The various modules of the fault self-isolation circuit are described in detail.
[0063] Figure 4 The meanings of each label are as follows: VCC: Power supply output terminal; U1: First switching unit (containing three ports A, B, and C); U2: Second switching unit (containing three ports A, B, and C); R1: First resistor; R2: Second resistor; R3: Third resistor; R4: Fourth resistor; C1: Energy storage unit (capacitor); D1: First diode; D2: Second diode; Z1: Electrostatic discharge protection diode; M: Data transmission terminal; TXD: Data transmission terminal; RXD: Data reception terminal; COM: Communication interface; GND: Ground terminal.
[0064] Optionally, the switch module 30 includes:
[0065] The first switch unit U1 has a first terminal A connected to the data transmission terminal 200, a second terminal B connected to the communication interface 300, and a control terminal C connected to the second control module 20.
[0066] The switch module 30 can be configured as a first switch unit U1, which, for example, can be a single-channel analog switch. The first switch unit U1 includes a first terminal A, a second terminal B, and a control terminal C. To enable the second control module 20 to control the first switch unit U1, the control terminal C of the first switch unit U1 is connected to the second control module 20. For example, the control terminal C of the first switch unit U1 is connected to the output terminal of the second control module 20.
[0067] Optionally, when the control terminal C of the first switching unit U1 is high, the first switching unit U1 is turned on; when the control terminal C of the first switching unit U1 is low, the first switching unit U1 is turned off.
[0068] Furthermore, when the switch module 30 is turned on, the communication interface COM is at a high level; when the switch module 30 is turned off, the communication interface COM is at a low level. Therefore, the first switch unit U1 can be connected to the data transmission terminal 200. When the data transmission terminal M is at a high level, the first switch unit U1 is turned on, and the voltage of the communication interface COM is the voltage VCC of the data transmission terminal M, thus the communication interface COM appears to be at a high level.
[0069] By setting the first switch unit U1, it is possible to turn it on or off under the control of the second control module 20.
[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, the second control module 20 includes:
[0071] A charging unit 201, the first end of which is connected to the output terminal 100 of the power supply, and the control terminal of the charging unit 201 is connected to the data transmission terminal 200;
[0072] Discharge unit 202, the first end of which is connected to data transmission terminal 200;
[0073] The energy storage unit 203 has a first end connected to the second end of the charging unit 201, a first end also connected to the second end of the discharging unit 202, a first end also connected to the control terminal of the first switching unit U1, and a second end grounded.
[0074] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 In order to enable the second control module 20 to control the first switch unit U1 to disconnect when the data transmission terminal 200 is short-circuited, and to control the first switch unit U1 to conduct when the data transmission terminal 200 sends the first data, the second data, or when the data transmission terminal is idle, a charging unit 201, a discharging unit 202, and an energy storage unit 203 are provided.
[0075] Optionally, when the data transmission terminal 200 is idle, that is, when the data transmission terminal TXD does not send data, the voltage of the data transmission terminal 200 is pulled up to VCC through the first control module 10, and the charging unit 201 starts to charge the energy storage unit 203, thereby increasing the voltage of the first terminal of the energy storage unit 203. The first terminal of the energy storage unit 203 is also connected to the switching module 30 (first switching unit U1), thereby controlling the first switching unit U1 to be turned on.
[0076] Optionally, when the data transmission terminal 200 is transmitting data, if the transmitted data is data 1, the voltage of the data transmission terminal 200 is pulled up to VCC through the first control module 10, and the first switching unit U1 is turned on. The specific control process is the same as the control process when the data transmission terminal 200 is idle, and will not be described again here.
[0077] Optionally, when the data transmission terminal 200 transmits data, if the transmitted data is data 0, the data transmission terminal 200 is at a low level, and the charging unit 201 stops charging the energy storage unit 203. Since the energy storage unit 203 is also connected to the discharging unit 202, the energy storage unit 203 can discharge through the discharging unit 202, thereby reducing the voltage at the first terminal of the energy storage unit 203. However, at this time, the first switching unit U1 is still in the conducting state. Only when the data transmission terminal 200 is at a low level for a long time will the energy storage unit 203 be completely discharged through the discharging unit 202, and the voltage at the first terminal of the energy storage unit 203 drop to a certain value, thus controlling the first switching unit U1 to disconnect.
[0078] By setting up a charging unit 201, a discharging unit 202, and an energy storage unit 203, the first switching unit U1 can be turned off when a short circuit fault occurs at the data transmission terminal 200; and turned on when data is being transmitted normally or in an idle state.
[0079] Optionally, the charging unit 201 includes:
[0080] The second switching unit U2 has its first terminal A connected to the output terminal VCC of the power supply, its second terminal B connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1, and its control terminal C connected to the data transmission terminal M.
[0081] The first resistor R1 has its second end connected to the first end of the energy storage unit C1.
[0082] The energy storage unit 203 can be a capacitor C1. To charge the capacitor C1, a first resistor R1 can be provided. Additionally, a second switching unit U2 can be provided to control whether the capacitor C1 is charged. Specifically, when the second switching unit U2 is turned on, the capacitor C1 is charged through the first resistor R1; when the second switching unit U2 is turned off, charging of the capacitor C1 stops.
[0083] Optionally, the second switching unit U2 can be a single-channel analog switch, including a first terminal A, a second terminal B, and a control terminal C. By connecting the control terminal C to the data transmission terminal M, the second switching unit U2 can be controlled to switch on or off via the data transmission terminal M.
[0084] By setting the second switching unit U2, the system controls whether the first resistor R1 charges the capacitor C1.
[0085] Optionally, the discharge unit 202 includes:
[0086] The first diode D1 has its anode connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R2, and its cathode connected to the data transmission terminal M.
[0087] The second resistor R2 is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage unit C1.
[0088] The discharge unit 202 is used to discharge when the data transmission terminal M sends second data or when a short circuit fault occurs. The discharge duration of the discharge unit 202 is longer than a preset duration. The preset duration is the longest data transmission duration between the data transmission terminal M and the communication interface COM.
[0089] The discharge unit 202 may include a first diode D1 and a second resistor R2, and the discharge of the first capacitor C1 is mainly achieved through the second resistor R2.
[0090] Furthermore, by connecting the positive terminal of the first diode D1 to the side close to the first capacitor C1, it is possible to discharge through the discharge unit 202 but not to charge the energy storage unit C1 through the discharge unit 202.
[0091] To ensure that the first switching unit U1 is open only when a short-circuit fault occurs at the data transmission terminal M, and closed during normal transmission of second data (e.g., data 0), the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 can be set to ensure a faster charging process and a slower discharging process, with the discharging duration exceeding the transmission duration of the longest data. Optionally, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 can be less than the resistance value of the second resistor R2.
[0092] For example, when the device is used to transmit 8 bits of data, all 8 bits of data may be 0. In order to prevent the first switch unit U1 from being turned off when transmitting the 8 bits of data, the discharge duration of capacitor C1 is set to be longer than the transmission duration of the 8 bits of data. This ensures that when the 8 bits of data 0 are transmitted, capacitor C1 is not fully discharged and the first switch unit U1 is still in the conducting state. When a short circuit fault occurs at the data transmission terminal M, capacitor C1 is fully discharged and the first switch unit U1 is turned off.
[0093] When a short circuit occurs at the data transmission terminal M, the capacitor C1 discharges for a longer time, and the C port of the first switching unit U1 is at a low level, thereby controlling the first switching unit U1 to disconnect.
[0094] When the data transmission terminal M transmits data 0 normally (after each data transmission, a data 1 will be transmitted, thus recharging the first switching unit U1), the capacitor C1 discharges for a short time, so the first switching unit U1 will not disconnect and will remain on.
[0095] By setting the discharge duration of the discharge unit 202, the first switching unit U1 is disconnected only when a short-circuit fault occurs at the data transmission terminal M.
[0096] Optionally, the first control module 10 includes: a third resistor R3;
[0097] The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal VCC of the power supply, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the data transmission terminal M.
[0098] In order to ensure that the data transmission terminal 200 is at a high level when it is idle or when the first data (data 1 for example) is sent, a third resistor R3 is used to pull the level of the data transmission terminal high to VCC.
[0099] Optionally, the circuit further includes: a data transmitter TXD and a data receiver RXD;
[0100] The data transmitting end TXD is connected to the data receiving end RXD via the second diode D2 at the data transmission end M;
[0101] The positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the data transmission terminal M, and the negative terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the data transmission terminal TXD.
[0102] By using a second diode D2, it's possible to prevent the fault self-isolation circuit from being driven when the data transmitter TXD outputs a high voltage. The goal is for the data transmitter TXD to control only the fault self-isolation circuit when it outputs a high voltage. In this case, the voltage level at the data transmission terminal M needs to be provided by the power supply output VCC. Connecting the cathode of the second diode D2 to the transmitter TXD prevents reverse current flow.
[0103] Optionally, the circuit further includes: a fourth resistor R4;
[0104] The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output terminal of the switch module 30, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the communication interface COM.
[0105] And / or, the circuit further includes: an electrostatic discharge protection diode Z1;
[0106] The positive terminal of the electrostatic discharge protection diode Z1 is connected to the communication interface COM; the negative terminal of the electrostatic discharge protection diode Z1 is grounded.
[0107] The fourth resistor R4 can limit the current and prevent the electrostatic discharge protection diode from being damaged by shorting the communication interface COM to VCC.
[0108] The electrostatic discharge protection diode Z1 provides electrostatic discharge protection and is used to protect fault self-isolation circuits and equipment that use fault self-isolation circuits.
[0109] The following is about Figure 4 The working principle of the circuit shown will be explained.
[0110] When the communication interface COM is idle (i.e., the data transmitter TXD does not transmit data, and the voltage at the data transmitter M is VCC), the voltage at the data receiver RXD is pulled up to VCC by the third resistor R3, and the voltage at pin C of the second switching unit U2 is VCC, thus closing the switch of the second switching unit U2. After the second switching unit U2 closes, the voltage at pin B of the second switching unit U2 is VCC, which charges capacitor C1 through the first resistor R1. When capacitor C1 reaches a high level, the switch of the first switching unit U1 closes, and the voltage at pin B of the first switching unit U1 is equal to the voltage at the data receiver RXD. At this time, the voltage at the communication interface COM is VCC.
[0111] When there is data transmission at the communication interface COM (that is, data is sent through the data sending end TXD), the voltage level at the data transmission end M will change between high and low (related to whether data 0 or data 1 is sent).
[0112] Optionally, when sending data 0, the data transmission terminal M is at a low level, the voltage at pin C of the second switching unit U2 is at a low level, the second switching unit U2 is disconnected, and capacitor C1 discharges through the second resistor R2, the first diode D1, and the second diode D2.
[0113] Optionally, when sending data 1, the data transmission terminal M is at a high level, capacitor C1 is charged through the first resistor R1, the first switching unit U1 is turned on, and the voltage of the communication interface COM is VCC.
[0114] When capacitor C1 discharges through the second resistor R2, the first diode D1, and the second diode D2, the parameters of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the capacitor C1 are set so that the discharge time (time constant R2*C1) is greater than the longest data transmission time on the communication interface COM (exemplary, determined by the communication protocol), and the charging time (R1*C1) is very short.
[0115] For example, if capacitor C1 is 1uF, first resistor R1 is 1kΩ, and second resistor R2 is 100kΩ, then R2*C1 is equal to 100 times R1*C1, making the discharge time 100 times the charging time.
[0116] During normal data transmission, the voltage level at the data transmission terminal M fluctuates between high and low. Because capacitor C1 charges quickly but discharges slowly, the voltage of capacitor C1 will remain at a high level, and switch U2 will remain on.
[0117] When the data receiving end RXD or the data transmitting end TXD is short-circuited to the ground end GND, the data transmission end M remains at a low level. The discharge time of capacitor C1 exceeds the preset time, the level of the first end of capacitor C1 changes from high to low, the first switching unit U1 is disconnected, and the device will disconnect from the communication interface COM, thus achieving fault self-isolation.
[0118] When the short circuit fault between the data receiver RXD or the data transmitter TXD and the ground terminal GND is cleared, the voltage of the data receiver RXD is pulled back to VCC by the third resistor R3, the second switch unit U2 is turned on, the first switch unit U1 is turned on, the device is reconnected to the communication interface COM, and communication is restored.
[0119] For a given device, when the communication interface COM is pulled low due to a fault in another device, the first switch unit will continuously turn on and off until the faulty device is isolated from the communication interface COM, the first switch unit U1 closes, and the device resumes normal communication.
[0120] Optionally, the power supply on a single-wire UART should use the same voltage level (VCC). That is, when multiple devices are connected to the same single-wire UART port on the main controller, the VCC voltage of each device and the main controller should be the same.
[0121] like Figure 1 As shown, when the above-mentioned fault self-isolation circuit is set in the device, when a ground short circuit fault occurs inside device 1, the main controller, device 1, and device 2 will all self-isolate and disconnect from the COM port. Since the fault occurs in device 1, device 1 will remain disconnected from the COM port until the fault is cleared. After self-isolation, the main controller and device 2 will automatically recover (reconnect to the COM port). At this time, device 1 cannot communicate with the main controller, while device 2 communicates normally with the main controller. After its own short circuit fault is cleared, device 1 will automatically reconnect to the COM port and resume normal operation.
[0122] The fault self-isolation circuit provided in this application can achieve fault self-isolation and self-recovery when the fault is cleared through hardware, without the need for additional interfaces and software resources, thus improving the reliability of single-wire UART.
[0123] This application also provides a device that transmits data via UART communication, including a fault self-isolation circuit as described in the foregoing embodiments.
[0124] Optionally, in the field of electric mobility scooters, the equipment can be instruments, ECUs (Electronic Control Units), controllers, etc.
[0125] This application also provides an electric mobility scooter, including the device described in the foregoing embodiments.
[0126] Optional electric mobility scooters can be electric two-wheelers, electric bicycles, etc.
[0127] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility models disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.
[0128] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A fault self-isolation circuit, characterized in that, include: The first control module is connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the data transmission terminal, and is used to control the data transmission terminal to be at a high level when the data transmission terminal is in an idle state or when the first data is being sent. The second control module is connected between the output terminal of the power supply and the control terminal of the switch module, and the control terminal of the second control module is connected to the data transmission terminal. The switch module is connected between the data transmission terminal and the communication interface; The second control module is used to control the on / off state of the switch module according to whether the data transmission terminal is short-circuited. The switching module includes: A first switching unit, wherein a first end of the first switching unit is connected to the data transmission terminal, a second end of the first switching unit is connected to the communication interface, and a control terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the second control module; The second control module includes: A charging unit, wherein the first end of the charging unit is connected to the output end of the power supply, and the control end of the charging unit is connected to the data transmission end; A discharge unit, wherein the first end of the discharge unit is connected to the data transmission end; An energy storage unit, wherein a first end of the energy storage unit is connected to a second end of the charging unit, a first end of the energy storage unit is also connected to a second end of the discharging unit, a first end of the energy storage unit is also connected to a control terminal of the first switching unit, and a second end of the energy storage unit is grounded.
2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging unit includes: The second switching unit has a first end connected to the output terminal of the power supply, a second end connected to the first end of the first resistor, and a control terminal connected to the data transmission terminal. The first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit.
3. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge unit includes: A first diode, the anode of which is connected to the first terminal of a second resistor, and the cathode of which is connected to the data transmission terminal; A second resistor, the second end of which is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit; The discharge unit is used to discharge when the data transmission terminal sends second data or when a short circuit fault occurs. The discharge duration of the discharge unit is longer than a preset duration. The preset duration is the longest data transmission duration between the data transmission terminal and the communication interface.
4. The circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first control module includes: a third resistor; The first end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the data transmission terminal.
5. The circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The circuit also includes: a data transmitting end and a data receiving end; The data transmitting end is connected to the data receiving end via a second diode at the data transmission end; The positive terminal of the second diode is connected to the data transmission terminal, and the negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the data transmission terminal.
6. The circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The circuit also includes: a fourth resistor; The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output end of the switching module, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the communication interface. And / or, the circuit further includes: an electrostatic discharge protection diode; The positive terminal of the electrostatic discharge protection diode is connected to the communication interface; the negative terminal of the electrostatic discharge protection diode is grounded.
7. A device, characterized in that, The device transmits data via UART communication, including: a fault self-isolation circuit as described in any one of claims 1-6.
8. An electric mobility scooter, characterized in that, include: The device as described in claim 7.