Grain unloading pit based on downward suction
By installing dust suction pipes on the side walls of the unloading pit, and combining gravity and negative pressure adsorption, the problem of dust diffusion was solved, achieving efficient dust capture and adsorption, and improving the cleanliness and safety of the unloading environment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUXI COFCO ENG & TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing grain unloading pit designs, dust is easily dispersed, leading to environmental pollution and safety hazards. In particular, the open-type top-suction design is ineffective and makes it difficult to control dust concentration.
The system adopts a downward suction design, with a dust suction pipe installed on the side wall of the unloading pit. Combining gravity and negative pressure adsorption, it achieves dual flow adsorption of dust, and then treats the dust through a dust collector to reduce the dust concentration.
It significantly improves the dust capture and adsorption effect during grain unloading, reduces dust concentration, improves the cleanliness and safety of the working environment, reduces the risk of dust explosion, and reduces operating energy consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN224449611U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grain cleaning equipment technology, and in particular to a grain unloading pit based on downward suction. Background Technology
[0002] The unloading pit is a key starting point in the grain storage and logistics system. It is mainly used to receive bulk grain unloaded from grain transport vehicles. It can efficiently, cleanly, and safely collect and transport the bulk grain brought by trucks to the processing and storage process inside the grain depot. Its reasonable design and good operation are the foundation for ensuring the efficient turnover of grain depots, reducing losses, protecting the environment, and ensuring worker safety.
[0003] During harvesting and transportation, grain may be mixed with light impurities such as soil, straw, and plant residues. When grain trucks unload, the grain falls at high speed from the truck bed onto the unloading pit grid or hopper (the drop is usually 3-5 meters). These impurities, due to their low density and light weight, compress the air with impact and form a backflow, causing the dust to spread explosively. In addition, the movement of vehicles after unloading will stir up the local air, and the exhaust emissions from the vehicles will form turbulent flows, causing the settled dust to be re-entrained.
[0004] Grain unloading pits are a major source of dust. Currently, suction hoods are typically installed on the grid of the grain unloading pit, connected to a dust collection network. The hood openings are aimed at the dust emission points, and negative pressure is used to draw the dust into the dust collection network duct to control the dust concentration in the working environment. Traditional grain unloading pits mostly adopt an open, top-suction design, where natural wind (especially through drafts) easily creates a duct effect, directly blowing away dust, resulting in poor suction and high dust concentration. Such a design not only pollutes the environment and endangers the health of workers, but may also cause dust explosions (grain dust is combustible). Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the dust concentration in grain unloading pits and greatly improve the cleanliness and safety of the working environment. Utility Model Content
[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing production technology, the applicant provides a grain unloading pit based on downward suction. By improving the structure of the grain unloading pit, the dust capture and adsorption effect can be improved, thereby enhancing the cleanliness and safety of the grain unloading operation environment.
[0006] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:
[0007] A grain unloading pit based on downward suction includes: a grain unloading pit body, a conveyor, a dust suction pipe, and a fan. The conveyor is installed at the bottom of the grain unloading pit body and is used to transport grain. The dust suction pipe and the fan are both located on one side of the grain unloading pit body. The dust suction pipe is installed on the side wall of the grain unloading pit body, and the outlet end of the dust suction pipe is connected to the inlet end of the fan. When the fan is started, a negative pressure is formed in the area of the dust suction pipe relative to the side wall of the grain unloading pit body. Dust generated during the process of grain being poured from the grain truck into the grain unloading pit body is sucked into the dust suction pipe through a dual flow of gravity flow and negative pressure adsorption flow.
[0008] Therefore, by installing a dust suction pipe on the side wall of the unloading pit, compared with the existing open-type top-suction unloading pit design, this method has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The dust suction pipe on the side wall of the unloading pit can achieve dual adsorption of dust by gravity and negative pressure, so as to improve the suction effect of the dust suction pipe, thereby improving the dust capture and adsorption effect during the unloading process, greatly reducing the dust concentration during unloading, and improving the cleanliness and safety of the unloading operation environment.
[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, it also includes: a dust collector, which is located on one side of the grain unloading pit body and between the suction pipe and the fan. The outlet end of the suction pipe is connected to the dust collector, and the inlet end of the fan is connected to the dust collector. The dust collector is used for dust removal. The dust passes through the suction pipe and the dust collector in sequence, and then is discharged by the fan. Thus, the dust collector can remove dust generated during the grain unloading process, so that the clean air that meets the standards can be discharged into the atmosphere.
[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the unloading pit body is embedded in the ground, and the fan and the dust collector are both installed on the ground.
[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the unloading pit body includes: a tunnel, a first unloading hopper and a second unloading hopper. The tunnel is embedded in the ground. The first unloading hopper and the second unloading hopper are both located in the tunnel and installed on the side wall of the tunnel. The first unloading hopper is located above the second unloading hopper. The conveyor is installed at the bottom of the second unloading hopper, and the dust suction pipe is installed on the side wall of the second unloading hopper.
[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the unloading pit body further includes: a third unloading hopper, which is located between the first unloading hopper and the second unloading hopper and is connected to the second unloading hopper.
[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the first unloading hopper, the second unloading hopper, and the third unloading hopper is conical. Therefore, the conical longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the first, second, and third unloading hoppers ensures that the grain passes through the first, third, and second unloading hoppers sequentially, and finally enters the conveyor for transport.
[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the third unloading hopper is connected to the second unloading hopper via the flat iron, and the flat iron has a through hole. Thus, some dust can enter the dust suction pipe through the gap between the first and third unloading hoppers via this through hole.
[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: there is a gap between the first unloading hopper and the third unloading hopper.
[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: there is a gap between the third unloading hopper and the second unloading hopper. Therefore, the design of having gaps between the first and third unloading hoppers, and between the third and second unloading hoppers, allows some dust to be drawn into the suction pipe through the gaps and through-holes between the first and third unloading hoppers, while another portion of dust is drawn into the suction pipe through the gap between the third and second unloading hoppers. Furthermore, dust removal is achieved through two channels to increase the dust removal area, thereby further improving the dust removal effect and efficiency during the process of grain being poured from the grain truck into the unloading pit.
[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the inlet end of the suction pipe is located below the third grain unloading hopper. Therefore, the inlet end of the suction pipe is located below the third grain unloading hopper, so that the suction pipe is blocked by the third grain unloading hopper to prevent grain from flowing into the suction pipe, thus ensuring both unobstructed flow of the suction pipe and preventing grain from flowing into it.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0019] By installing a dust suction pipe on the side wall of the unloading pit, compared with the existing open-type top-suction unloading pit design, this method has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The dust suction pipe on the side wall of the unloading pit can achieve dual adsorption of dust by gravity and negative pressure, so as to improve the suction effect of the dust suction pipe, thereby improving the dust capture and adsorption effect during the unloading process, greatly reducing the dust concentration during unloading, and improving the cleanliness and safety of the unloading operation environment.
[0020] This utility model also has the following advantages:
[0021] 1. This utility model can remove dust generated during the grain unloading process through a dust collector, so as to release the clean air that meets the standards into the atmosphere.
[0022] 2. This utility model employs a design where gaps exist between the first and third unloading hoppers, and between the third and second unloading hoppers. This design allows some dust to be drawn into the suction pipe through the gaps and through-holes between the first and third unloading hoppers, while another portion of dust is drawn into the suction pipe through the gap between the third and second unloading hoppers. Furthermore, dust removal is achieved through two channels to increase the dust removal area, thereby further improving the dust removal effect and efficiency during the process of grain being poured from the grain truck into the unloading pit.
[0023] 3. This utility model uses a third unloading hopper to block the dust suction pipe, so as to prevent grain from flowing into the dust suction pipe, thus ensuring that the dust suction pipe is unobstructed and that grain does not flow into the dust suction pipe. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain unloading pit based on downward suction according to this utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain unloading pit body of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flat iron structure of this utility model.
[0027] Among them: 1. The main body of the grain unloading pit;
[0028] 101. Tunnel; 102. First unloading hopper; 103. Second unloading hopper; 104. Third unloading hopper; 105. Flat iron; 106. Through hole;
[0029] 2. Conveyor;
[0030] 3. Vacuum suction pipe;
[0031] 4. Fan;
[0032] 5. Dust collector. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0034] like Figures 1 to 3The diagram shows the preferred embodiment of this utility model. The unloading pit based on downward suction in this embodiment includes: an unloading pit body 1, a conveyor 2, a dust suction pipe 3, and a fan 4. The conveyor 2 is installed at the bottom of the unloading pit body 1 and is used to transport grain. The dust suction pipe 3 and the fan 4 are both located on one side of the unloading pit body 1. The dust suction pipe 3 is installed on the side wall of the unloading pit body 1, and the outlet end of the dust suction pipe 3 is connected to the inlet end of the fan 4. When the fan 4 is started, a negative pressure is formed in the area of the dust suction pipe 3 relative to the side wall of the unloading pit body 1. The dust generated during the process of the grain being poured from the grain truck into the unloading pit body 1 is sucked into the dust suction pipe 3 through a dual flow of gravity flow and negative pressure adsorption flow. Therefore, by installing a dust suction pipe 3 on the side wall of the unloading pit, compared with the existing open-type top-suction unloading pit design, this method has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The dust suction pipe 3 on the side wall of the unloading pit can achieve dual adsorption of dust by gravity and negative pressure, so as to improve the suction effect of the dust suction pipe 3, thereby improving the dust capture and adsorption effect during the unloading process, greatly reducing the dust concentration during unloading, and improving the cleanliness and safety of the unloading operation environment.
[0035] In other words, since the direction of natural dust settling is consistent with the direction of negative pressure adsorption, the dual driving force of gravity and negative pressure adsorption can more effectively capture and remove the settling dust (i.e., higher dust collection efficiency). In addition, compared with the existing open-type top-suction unloading pit design, this method requires less air volume to achieve the same dust removal effect (due to the gravity effect of natural dust settling). Therefore, a smaller fan 4 can be selected to reduce operating energy consumption. The high dust removal efficiency can effectively suppress the dispersion of dust in the unloading pit body 1 and its surrounding area, significantly reduce the dust concentration in the manual operation area, protect occupational health (i.e., improve the working environment), and more effectively collect the dispersed fine grain particles (which are part of the dust), reducing grain waste and reducing the risk of dust explosion. It is one of the measures to prevent dust explosions.
[0036] In this embodiment, a dust collector 5 is also included. The dust collector 5 is located on one side of the unloading pit body 1 and is situated between the suction pipe 3 and the fan 4. The outlet end of the suction pipe 3 is connected to the dust collector 5, and the inlet end of the fan 4 is connected to the dust collector 5. The dust collector 5 is used for dust removal. The dust passes through the suction pipe 3 and the dust collector 5 in sequence, and is then discharged through the fan 4. Thus, the dust collector 5 can remove dust generated during the unloading process, allowing the clean air that meets the standards to be discharged into the atmosphere.
[0037] In this embodiment, the unloading pit body 1 is embedded in the ground, and the fan 4 and dust collector 5 are both installed on the ground.
[0038] In this embodiment, the unloading pit body 1 includes: a tunnel 101, a first unloading hopper 102, a second unloading hopper 103, and a third unloading hopper 104. The tunnel 101 is embedded in the ground. The first unloading hopper 102 and the second unloading hopper 103 are both located inside the tunnel 101 and installed on the side wall of the tunnel 101. The first unloading hopper 102 is located above the second unloading hopper 103. A conveyor 2 is installed at the bottom of the second unloading hopper 103. A dust suction pipe 3 is installed on the side wall of the second unloading hopper 103. The third unloading hopper 104 is located above the first unloading hopper. The first unloading hopper 102 is connected to the second unloading hopper 103; the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the first unloading hopper 102, the second unloading hopper 103, and the third unloading hopper 104 is conical; the third unloading hopper 104 is connected to the second unloading hopper 103 by a flat iron 105, and the flat iron 105 has a through hole 106; there is a gap between the first unloading hopper 102 and the third unloading hopper 104, and there is a gap between the third unloading hopper 104 and the second unloading hopper 103; the inlet end of the dust suction pipe 3 is located below the third unloading hopper 104. Therefore, the first unloading hopper 102, the second unloading hopper 103, and the third unloading hopper 104, with their longitudinal cross-sectional cone shapes, ensure that the grain passes through the first unloading hopper 102, the third unloading hopper 104, and the second unloading hopper 103 in sequence, and finally enters the conveyor 2 for transport. The through-hole 106 allows some dust to pass through the gap between the first unloading hopper 102 and the third unloading hopper 104 and enter the dust suction pipe 3. The design of having gaps between the first unloading hopper 102 and the third unloading hopper 104, and between the third unloading hopper 104 and the second unloading hopper 103, allows some dust to pass through the gap between the first unloading hopper 102 and the third unloading hopper 104. The dust is drawn into the suction pipe 3 through the gap between the unloading hoppers 104 and the through hole 106. Another part of the dust is drawn into the suction pipe 3 through the gap between the third unloading hopper 104 and the second unloading hopper 103. In addition, dust is removed through two channels to increase the dust removal area, thereby further improving the dust removal effect and efficiency during the process of grain being poured from the grain truck into the unloading pit body 1. The inlet end of the suction pipe 3 is located below the third unloading hopper 104 so that the suction pipe 3 is blocked by the third unloading hopper 104 to prevent grain from flowing into the suction pipe 3. This ensures that the suction pipe 3 is unobstructed and that grain does not flow into the suction pipe 3.
[0039] It should be noted that: such as Figure 2As shown, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the first unloading hopper 102, the second unloading hopper 103, and the third unloading hopper 104 is conical, meaning that each of the first unloading hopper 102, the second unloading hopper 103, and the third unloading hopper 104 has an angle α (i.e., 0° < α < 90°) with a point on the ground. There are two of each of the three types of unloading hoppers: the first unloading hopper 102, the second unloading hopper 103, and the third unloading hopper 104. The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the two first unloading hoppers 102 is conical, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the two second unloading hoppers 103 is conical, and the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the two third unloading hoppers 104 is conical. The width of the upper part of the cone is greater than the width of the lower part.
[0040] For example, tunnel 101 is a concrete pit, and the first unloading hopper 102 and the second unloading hopper 103 are both fixed to tunnel 101 by welding with pre-embedded iron, and the third unloading hopper 104 is fixed to the second unloading hopper 103 by welding with flat iron 105.
[0041] The grain conveying process of this utility model is as follows: First, as... Figure 1 As shown, grain is transported to the other side of the unloading pit body 1 by a grain truck; finally, the grain in the grain truck is poured into the unloading hopper body, and the fan 4 is started. The grain is transported to the conveyor 2 under the action of gravity, and then transported to the subsequent section for cleaning or storage by the conveyor 2. The dust generated during the grain transportation process is drawn into the dust suction pipe 3 through the gap between the first unloading hopper 102 and the third unloading hopper 104 and the through hole 106 under the dual action of gravity and negative pressure adsorption. The other part of the dust is drawn into the dust suction pipe 3 through the gap between the third unloading hopper 104 and the second unloading hopper 103. After being removed by the dust collector 5, the clean air that meets the standards is finally discharged into the atmosphere (i.e., discharged into the atmosphere by the fan 4).
[0042] In summary, this utility model, by installing a dust suction pipe 3 on the side wall of the unloading pit, offers a simpler and easier-to-operate structure compared to the existing open-type top-suction unloading pit design. The dust suction pipe 3 on the side wall of the unloading pit can achieve dual adsorption of dust through gravity and negative pressure, thereby improving the suction effect of the dust suction pipe 3. This enhances the capture and adsorption of dust during the unloading process, significantly reducing the dust concentration during unloading and improving the cleanliness and safety of the unloading environment.
[0043] The above description is an explanation of the present utility model and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the claims. Within the protection scope of the present utility model, any form of modification may be made.
Claims
1. A spout pit based on down draft, characterized in that, include: The main body of the grain unloading pit (1), and Conveyor (2), which is installed at the bottom of the unloading pit body (1), is used to transport grain; The dust suction pipe (3) and the fan (4) are both located on one side of the unloading pit body (1). The dust suction pipe (3) is installed on the side wall of the unloading pit body (1), and the outlet end of the dust suction pipe (3) is connected to the inlet end of the fan (4). When the fan (4) is started, the area of the suction pipe (3) relative to the side wall of the unloading pit body (1) forms a negative pressure. The dust generated during the process of the grain being poured from the grain truck into the unloading pit body (1) is sucked into the suction pipe (3) through a combination of gravity flow and negative pressure adsorption flow.
2. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Dust collector (5), the dust collector (5) is located on one side of the unloading pit body (1), and the dust collector (5) is located between the dust suction pipe (3) and the fan (4). The outlet end of the dust suction pipe (3) is connected to the dust collector (5), and the inlet end of the fan (4) is connected to the dust collector (5). The dust collector (5) is used for dust removal treatment. The dust passes through the suction pipe (3) and the dust collector (5) in sequence, and is then discharged through the fan (4).
3. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The unloading pit body (1) is embedded in the ground, and the fan (4) and the dust collector (5) are both installed on the ground.
4. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading pit body (1) includes: The tunnel (101), the first unloading hopper (102), and the second unloading hopper (103) are embedded in the ground. The first unloading hopper (102) and the second unloading hopper (103) are both located in the tunnel (101) and installed on the side wall of the tunnel (101). The first unloading hopper (102) is located above the second unloading hopper (103). The conveyor (2) is installed at the bottom of the second unloading hopper (103), and the dust suction pipe (3) is installed on the side wall of the second unloading hopper (103).
5. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The unloading pit body (1) also includes: The third unloading hopper (104) is located between the first unloading hopper (102) and the second unloading hopper (103) and is connected to the second unloading hopper (103).
6. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the first unloading hopper (102), the second unloading hopper (103), and the third unloading hopper (104) is conical.
7. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The third unloading hopper (104) is connected to the second unloading hopper (103) via a flat iron (105), and the flat iron (105) has a through hole (106).
8. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 5, characterized in that: There is a gap between the first unloading hopper (102) and the third unloading hopper (104).
9. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 5, characterized in that: There is a gap between the third unloading hopper (104) and the second unloading hopper (103).
10. The grain unloading pit based on downward suction as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The inlet end of the suction pipe (3) is located below the third unloading hopper (104).