An ecological block and riverbank protection
By using positioning holes filled with gravel and ecological holes with bottom drainage and ventilation holes in the riverbank protection blocks, the problems of soil erosion and drainage were solved, achieving low-cost and efficient ecological environment restoration.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KUNSHAN TONGHAI BUILDING MATERIALS TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
The existing riverbank protection blocks have planting holes that easily lead to soil erosion, have high fixing costs, and poor air permeability and drainage performance, which affects the restoration of the ecological environment.
The design of the eco-friendly blocks uses positioning holes filled with gravel, with drainage and ventilation holes at the bottom of the eco-friendly holes. The combination of gravel fixation and eco-friendly hole design enhances stability and ensures drainage and ventilation.
It effectively prevents soil erosion, reduces fixed costs, improves the survival rate of green plants and the stability of the ecological environment, and enhances the ecosystem diversity of riverbank protection.
Smart Images
Figure CN224451522U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building materials technology, and in particular to an ecological block and riverbank protection. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional riverbank protection typically uses sturdy materials with a single function, such as concrete and bricks, resulting in a uniform and rigid riverbank cross-section that isolates the soil from the water. This prevents the original organisms on the riverbank from surviving and disrupts the food chain of the ecosystem. Therefore, ecological blocks used for riverbank protection are becoming increasingly diverse.
[0003] For example, in the prior art, Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN206110088U discloses a slope protection block. The main body of the slope protection block is provided with planting holes and reinforcing fixing holes. The reinforcing fixing holes are reinforced with reinforced concrete, which makes the retaining wall of the slope protection block stacked with good overall stability. The planting holes are set as semi-through holes, which can reduce soil loss on the one hand, and allow fish in the river to nest and live in the planting holes on the other hand, which is conducive to protecting the original ecological environment of the river.
[0004] However, during the use of the above-mentioned slope protection blocks, the semi-through-hole vegetation holes are not conducive to planting greenery, and the soil filled inside is easily lost through the holes, affecting the restoration and construction of the ecological environment around the river. Moreover, since reinforced concrete needs to be injected into the fixing holes, a large amount of concrete material is required to fix the slope protection blocks, and a large amount of related equipment is needed to inject the concrete, which increases the cost and difficulty of fixing the blocks. In addition, the use of concrete will significantly reduce the overall drainage and aeration performance of the blocks, which is not conducive to ecological environment construction.
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the building blocks in the existing technology. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the defects in the existing technology and provide an ecological block and riverbank protection that is convenient for planting grass, prevents soil erosion, is easy to fix, reduces paving costs, and ensures drainage and aeration performance.
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an ecological block, including a block body, the block body having a pressure-applying bottom surface and a pressure-bearing top surface distributed along its own thickness direction, the circumferential outer edge of the block body including a river-facing surface, a river-backing surface and two connecting side surfaces disposed between the river-facing surface and the river-backing surface and disposed opposite to each other, the block body is also provided with positioning holes and ecological holes.
[0008] The two ends of the positioning hole are respectively set on the pressure-applying bottom surface and the pressure-bearing top surface. The positioning hole is used to fill gravel. The ecological hole is a blind hole opened on the pressure-bearing top surface. The bottom of the ecological hole has a drainage and ventilation hole extending downward to the pressure-applying bottom surface. The ecological hole is located between the river-facing surface and the positioning hole.
[0009] Preferably, in order to increase the backfill space and enhance stability, the bottom size of the ecological hole is smaller than the opening size of the ecological hole, and the bottom of the ecological hole is located directly below the opening of the ecological hole, with the bottom of the ecological hole gradually transitioning towards the opening of the ecological hole.
[0010] Preferably, in order to achieve uniform drainage and ventilation and ensure the structural stability of the ecological block, the drainage and ventilation hole is located at the center of the bottom of the ecological hole.
[0011] Preferably, in order to facilitate the laying of gravel on the back side of the river and further ensure the stability of the ecological block position, the length of the side wall of the ecological hole near the river-facing side is greater than the length of the side wall of the ecological hole near the back side of the river.
[0012] Preferably, in order to reduce the amount of materials used in the production of ecological blocks and lower costs, and at the same time to facilitate the laying of gravel at the opening formed by the concave section to ensure the structural stability of the ecological blocks, the two connecting sides each include two back-to-back concave sections, and the length of the river-facing side is greater than the length of the river-repelling side.
[0013] Preferably, in order to ensure the structural stability of the block body, the block body has a symmetrical structure and the symmetrical plane is perpendicular to the river-facing surface, the river-returning surface, the pressure-applying bottom surface, and the pressure-bearing top surface.
[0014] Preferably, to facilitate the stacking of ecological blocks along their own height, one of the pressure-applying bottom surface and the pressure-bearing top surface is provided with a limiting groove extending to both ends, and the other is provided with a limiting strip. The two ends of the limiting groove extend to two connecting sides respectively, and the two ends of the limiting strip are spaced apart from the two connecting sides. The limiting strip and the limiting groove extend in the same direction. The two ends of the limiting strip are also provided with anchoring through holes extending along the height direction of the block body. When two block bodies are assembled and stacked along their own height direction through the limiting groove and the limiting strip, and only the two anchoring through holes are coaxial, the drainage and ventilation hole of the upper block body is located directly above the opening formed by one of the concave sections of the lower block body.
[0015] Preferably, in order to facilitate drainage, prevent the plants in the ecological hole from drowning and improve the survival rate of the plants, an overflow channel is also provided on the pressure-bearing top surface. One end of the overflow channel extends to the side of the ecological hole away from the river-facing side, and the other end extends to one of the connecting sides.
[0016] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model also provides a riverbank protection system, comprising:
[0017] The slope protection layer is stacked from bottom to top, and the slope protection layer includes at least two ecological blocks as described in any of the above technical solutions. The opposite connecting sides of two adjacent ecological blocks are fitted together and combined to form a positioning cavity for filling with crushed stone.
[0018] In two adjacent slope protection layers, the drainage and ventilation holes of the upper slope protection layer are located directly above the positioning cavity of the lower layer.
[0019] Preferably, in order to further provide space for greening production, there are at least two adjacent slope protection layers. The river-facing surfaces of the blocks in the upper slope protection layer are combined to form an upslope surface. The ecological holes in the blocks in the lower slope protection layer are combined with the side facing the river to form an exposed surface, and the side facing away from the river to form an inner surface. The vertical extension of the upslope surface is located between the exposed surface and the inner surface.
[0020] In summary, compared with existing technologies, this utility model of ecological blocks and riverbank protection utilizes drainage and ventilation holes at the bottom of the ecological holes to facilitate rainwater drainage and upward water vapor flow to nourish the plants within the ecological holes, maintaining soil moisture within a suitable range for plant growth. Furthermore, by filling the positioning holes with gravel to fix the block body, the operation is more convenient and cost-effective compared to using concrete, while ensuring the drainage and ventilation of the block body, which is beneficial to the ecological environment construction around the riverbank protection. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the eco-friendly building block of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the ecological building block of this utility model from another perspective;
[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Top view;
[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA-direction cross section;
[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 CC-direction cross-section;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a riverbank protection structure based on the ecological blocks of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6An explosion diagram;
[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Top view;
[0029] In the diagram: 1. Block body; 11. Pressure-applying bottom surface; 12. Pressure-bearing top surface; 13. River-facing surface; 131. Raised strip; 14. River-repelling surface; 15. Connecting side; 151. Concave section; 152. Outer flat section; 153. Inner flat section; 2. Positioning hole; 3. Ecological hole; 4. Drainage and ventilation hole; 5. Limiting groove; 6. Limiting strip; 7. Anchoring through hole; 8. Overflow groove. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0031] like Figures 1-5 As shown, an ecological block of this utility model includes a block body 1. The block body 1 has a pressure-applying bottom surface 11 and a pressure-bearing top surface 12 distributed along its thickness direction. The circumferential outer edge of the block body 1 includes a river-facing surface 13, a river-backing surface 14, and two connecting side surfaces 15 disposed between the river-facing surface 13 and the river-backing surface 14 and facing away from each other. The block body 1 is also provided with positioning holes 2 and ecological holes 3.
[0032] The two ends of the positioning hole 2 are respectively set on the pressure-applying bottom surface 11 and the pressure-bearing top surface 12. The positioning hole 2 is used to fill gravel. The ecological hole 3 is a blind hole opened on the pressure-bearing top surface 12. The bottom of the ecological hole 3 is provided with a drainage and ventilation hole 4 extending downward to the pressure-applying bottom surface 11. The ecological hole 3 is located between the river-facing surface 13 and the positioning hole 2.
[0033] When using the ecological block of this utility model, the pressure-applying bottom surface 11 of the block body 1 faces downward, the pressure-bearing top surface 12 faces upward to bear the pressure of the block body 1 above, the river-facing surface 13 faces the river, and the river-repelling surface 14 faces away from the river.
[0034] After the block body 1 is placed, crushed stone is filled into the positioning hole 2. The positioning hole 2 in this invention is a through hole, with its axis aligned with the thickness direction of the block body 1. The cross-section of the positioning hole 2 is a rectangular structure with rounded corners and a length and width dimension. After filling the positioning hole 2 with crushed stone, the crushed stone can be evenly distributed throughout the positioning hole 2, better coordinating its effect and effectively providing uniform support. When the block body 1 is subjected to horizontal external forces (such as water flow impact, compression from adjacent block bodies 1, etc.), it can form a stable and balanced resistance effect, preventing the block body 1 from shifting. At the same time, it can also enhance the structural strength of the block body 1. The crushed stone filling the positioning hole 2 is equivalent to forming a skeleton within the block body 1, enhancing its own structural strength. After being subjected to external forces, the crushed stone can better disperse stress, preventing the block body 1 from cracking or breaking due to stress concentration, thereby extending the service life of the block body 1.
[0035] Moreover, in terms of construction operations, compared to using concrete filling, using crushed stone filling makes it easier for construction workers to efficiently and easily fill the crushed stone material into the positioning hole 2. It also allows for better control of the filling amount and filling pattern, ensuring the consistency and stability of the filling effect, reducing construction difficulty and cost, and thus improving construction efficiency. In addition, after using crushed stone filling, certain gaps are formed between the crushed stones, which facilitates drainage and aeration, thus contributing to the construction of the ecological environment around the river.
[0036] An ecological hole 3 is set between the river-facing surface 13 and the positioning hole 2. The ecological hole 3 is a blind hole with its opening on the pressure-bearing top surface 12. A drainage and ventilation hole 4 extending to the pressure-applying bottom surface 11 is set at the bottom of the ecological hole 3. The ecological hole 3 is used for filling soil and planting grass, while the drainage and ventilation hole 4 at the bottom has two functions: drainage and ventilation. Specifically, when it rains, the drainage and ventilation hole 4 can easily drain excess water from the soil in the ecological hole 3, preventing water from accumulating in the soil and causing excessive soil moisture, which would affect the growth of green plants. In the dry season, the water vapor under the block body 1 can moisten the soil in the ecological hole 3 through the drainage and ventilation hole 4 to nourish the green plants, so that the soil in the ecological hole 3 is maintained within a humidity range suitable for the growth of green plants, avoiding excessive moisture or dryness that would affect the growth of green plants.
[0037] To enhance the aesthetics of the ecological block, several raised strips 131 are provided on the river-facing surface 13, which are distributed along its length. The cross-section of the raised strips 131 is semi-circular, and the two ends of the raised strips 131 extend to the pressure-applying bottom surface 11 and the pressure-bearing top surface 12. This design can decorate the river-facing surface 13 of the block body 1, making it resemble a wave shape and improving its aesthetics.
[0038] A further improvement is that the bottom size of the ecological hole 3 is smaller than the opening size of the ecological hole 3, and the bottom of the ecological hole 3 is located directly below the opening of the ecological hole 3, with the bottom of the ecological hole 3 gradually transitioning towards the opening of the ecological hole 3.
[0039] This design results in an overall structure of ecological hole 3 that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The larger opening at the top of ecological hole 3 makes it easier to fill with soil and allows it to hold more soil. The ample soil volume provides more space for plant roots to grow, which is conducive to the roots of green plants taking root and absorbing nutrients, thereby improving the survival rate and growth of vegetation. In addition, the larger opening at the top and the gradually narrowing bottom make the filled soil more compact under the action of gravity, making it less likely to leak out from the drainage and ventilation holes 4 at the bottom, ensuring the stability of the soil layer and providing continuous support for plant growth.
[0040] A further improvement is that the drainage and ventilation hole 4 is located at the center of the bottom of the ecological hole 3.
[0041] When the soil moisture content in the ecological hole 3 is too high, the drainage and aeration hole 4, located at the very center of the bottom, allows the water to drain evenly, preventing localized waterlogging that could affect the respiration and growth of plant roots or even cause root rot. Furthermore, the central location ensures a relatively balanced path for water flow from all directions within the ecological hole 3 to the drainage and aeration hole 4, thus guaranteeing a relatively stable drainage speed. This prevents water from being concentrated in one direction, resulting in drainage that is either too fast or too slow, maintaining soil moisture within a suitable range. Additionally, plant roots require sufficient oxygen for growth, and the drainage and aeration hole 4, located at the very center of the bottom, allows air to pass through. The drainage and ventilation holes 4 allow water vapor to enter the soil through the ecological holes 3 more evenly, ensuring that the roots can obtain sufficient oxygen for respiration in all parts and that the soil moisture is uniform throughout, thus promoting the healthy growth of green plants. In addition, placing the drainage and ventilation holes 4 at the center of the bottom of the ecological holes 3 makes the force on the bottom of the ecological holes 3 relatively balanced, avoiding local stress concentration that could damage the bottom structure of the ecological holes 3. Furthermore, the location of the drainage and ventilation holes 4 at the center of gravity helps to maintain the stability of the center of gravity of the block body 1, especially after the soil is filled and the green plants grow, preventing the center of gravity of the block body 1 from shifting and affecting its stability on the slope.
[0042] A further improvement is that the sidewall length of the ecological hole 3 near the river-facing side 13 is greater than the sidewall length of the ecological hole 3 near the river-returning side 14.
[0043] Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the ecological hole 3 is approximately an isosceles shape, with rounded corners. The upper base is close to the back river surface 14, and the lower base is close to the front river surface 13. This design results in a larger length of the front river surface 13 of the block body 1. When viewed from the river, the vegetation display area is larger, which better presents the landscape effect of the greening of the slope and beautifies the surrounding environment of the river. Furthermore, the larger front river surface 13 provides a larger impact resistance area after being eroded by river water, disperses the impact force of water flow on the structure of the ecological hole 3, reduces the risk of damage to the ecological hole 3, and ensures that the ecological hole 3 can perform its functions of filling soil and planting grass, drainage and aeration for a long time.
[0044] Therefore, the ecological holes 3 of the above shape can form a relatively complex microenvironment and provide a certain habitat for insects and small animals, which is conducive to improving the biodiversity of the riverbank protection area and enhancing the stability of the ecosystem.
[0045] The two connecting sides 15 each include two concave sections 151 facing each other. The length of the river-facing side 13 is greater than the length of the river-receding side 14. Specifically, both connecting sides 15 include concave sections 151. One end of the concave section 151 is connected to the river-facing side 13 through an inner flat section 152, and the other end is connected to the river-receding side 14 through an outer flat section 153. The inner flat section 152 and the outer flat section 153 are located on two parallel vertical planes and are perpendicularly connected to the river-facing side 13 and the river-receding side 14, respectively.
[0046] With the above structure, when the two block bodies 1 are sequentially spliced along the length of the river-facing surface 13, as follows: Figures 6-8 As shown, a positioning cavity is formed between the concave sections 151 facing each other of the two block bodies 1, and there is a gap between the back surfaces 14 of the two block bodies 1 that communicates with the positioning cavity, so as to facilitate filling with gravel to fix the position of the block bodies 1.
[0047] A further improvement is that the block body 1 has a symmetrical structure and the symmetrical plane is perpendicular to the river-facing surface 13, the river-backing surface 14, the pressure-applying bottom surface 11, and the pressure-bearing top surface 12.
[0048] The mirror symmetry plane of the block body 1 passes through the center of the river-facing side 13 and the river-backing side 14, which makes the block body 1 subjected to uniform force and enhances the structural stability.
[0049] To facilitate drainage, two overflow channels 8 are also provided on the pressure-bearing top surface 12. The two overflow channels 8 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the mirror image of the block body 1. One end of the overflow channel 8 extends to the concave section 151, and the other end extends to the side of the ecological hole 3 adjacent to the back river surface 14. In this way, when there is too much rainfall or other circumstances, and the water in the ecological hole 3 is too much to be drained quickly to the bottom through the drainage and ventilation hole 4, the excess water can be easily drained through the overflow channel 8, so that the excess water can be drained into the opening formed by the concave section 151 through the overflow channel 8 (when the two block bodies 1 are spliced, the openings formed by the two concave sections 151 combine to form a positioning cavity).
[0050] A further improvement is that, of the two pressure-applying bottom surfaces 11 and pressure-bearing top surfaces 12, one is provided with a limiting groove 5 extending to both ends, and the other is provided with a limiting strip 6. The two ends of the limiting groove 5 extend to two connecting sides 15 respectively, and the two ends of the limiting strip 6 are spaced apart from the two connecting sides 15. The limiting strip 6 and the limiting groove 5 extend in the same direction. The two ends of the limiting strip 6 are also provided with anchoring through holes 7 extending along the height direction of the block body 1. When the two block bodies 1 are assembled and stacked along their own height direction through the limiting groove 5 and the limiting strip 6, and only the two anchoring through holes 7 are coaxial, the drainage and ventilation hole 4 of the upper block body 1 is located directly above the opening formed by one of the concave sections 151 of the lower block body 1.
[0051] Specifically, the limiting strip 6 is integrally formed on the pressure-bearing top surface 12 and flush with the back surface 14, extending along the length of the back surface 14, with gaps between its two ends and the two inner flat sections 153. The limiting groove 5 is integrally formed on the pressure-applying bottom surface 11. The limiting groove 5 is a through groove, and its cross-sectional dimension is larger than that of the limiting strip 6, facilitating the limiting fit between the limiting strip 6 and the limiting groove 5. When multiple block bodies 1 are arranged according to... Figures 6-8 After stacking in this manner, the anchoring through holes 7 are aligned, steel bars are inserted into the anchoring through holes 7, and a small amount of concrete grout is injected to protect the steel bars and achieve the positioning and fixed connection of the upper and lower block bodies 1. At this time, the drainage and ventilation hole 4 located above is located directly above the opening formed by the concave section 151 of the lower block body 1. The opening is filled with gravel, and the gaps between the gravel facilitate drainage and ventilation. When there is too much water in the ecological hole 3, it enters the gaps between the gravel through the drainage and ventilation hole 4, so that the gravel maintains a certain humidity. When the water vapor evaporates, it enters the ecological hole 3 through the drainage and ventilation hole 4, thereby nourishing the green plants in the ecological hole 3.
[0052] Based on the aforementioned ecological blocks, this utility model also discloses a riverbank protection system, comprising:
[0053] The slope protection layer is stacked from bottom to top. The slope protection layer includes at least two of the above-mentioned ecological blocks. The opposite connecting sides 15 of two adjacent ecological blocks are attached and combined to form a positioning cavity for filling with crushed stone.
[0054] In two adjacent slope protection layers, the drainage and ventilation holes of the upper slope protection layer are located directly above the positioning cavity of the lower layer.
[0055] Specifically, in this utility model, the slope protection layer has three layers. The bottom layer, the middle layer, and the top layer have five, four, and three ecological blocks respectively (of course, the actual number of slope protection layers and the number of ecological blocks in the slope protection layer can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation). They are stacked in a staggered splicing manner. Specifically, in the same slope protection layer, the two adjacent ecological blocks have their two inner flat sections 153 facing each other and connected to each other. The two blocks 1 of the same lower layer support one block 1 of the upper layer. On the upper slope protection layer, the two anchoring through holes 7 of the ecological blocks are coaxial with the two anchoring through holes 7 of the two ecological blocks in the lower layer.
[0056] The riverbank revetment formed by the aforementioned ecological blocks, with the positioning holes 2 and the openings formed by the concave sections 151 of the ecological blocks filled with gravel, can fix the horizontal position of the ecological blocks and prevent them from shifting. Compared with using concrete, this reduces the materials and equipment used for fixing, lowers the difficulty of laying, and facilitates rapid construction. The ecological holes 3 are used for filling soil and planting grass, and the drainage and ventilation holes 4 facilitate drainage and ventilation to ensure that the soil moisture is within a suitable range for plant growth, thus contributing to the ecological construction of the surrounding environment of the river.
[0057] A further improvement is that there are at least two adjacent slope protection layers, the river-facing surfaces 13 of each block body 1 of the upper slope protection layer are combined to form an upslope surface, the ecological holes 3 of each block body 1 of the lower slope protection layer are combined with the side of the ecological holes 3 close to the river-facing surface 13 to form an exposed surface, and the side of the ecological holes 3 away from the river-facing surface 13 to form an inner surface, and the vertical extension surface of the upslope surface is located between the exposed surface and the inner surface.
[0058] In the block body 1, the width of the block body 1 is defined by the distance between the river-facing side 13 and the river-repellent side 14. In the riverbank protection disclosed in this utility model, in two adjacent protection layers, the width of the block body 1 used in the lower protection layer is greater than the width of the block body 1 used in the upper protection layer. This ensures that when the upper and lower protection layers are stacked, the ecological holes 3 on the side of the block body 1 closest to the river-facing side 13 in the lower protection layer are exposed, preventing the ecological holes 3 in the lower block body 1 from being completely blocked by the upper block body 1. This provides sufficient space for plant growth and facilitates air exchange with the outside environment, thereby improving the survival rate of green plants and providing habitat for various small animals, thus further enhancing the biodiversity of the riverbank protection area and strengthening the stability of the ecosystem.
[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An ecological building block, comprising a block body having a pressure-applying bottom surface and a pressure-bearing top surface distributed along its thickness direction, the outer periphery of the block body including a river-facing surface, a river-backing surface, and two connecting sides disposed between the river-facing surface and the river-backing surface and facing away from each other, the block body further comprising positioning holes and ecological holes, characterized in that: The two ends of the positioning hole are respectively set on the pressure-applying bottom surface and the pressure-bearing top surface. The positioning hole is used to fill gravel. The ecological hole is a blind hole opened on the pressure-bearing top surface. The bottom of the ecological hole has a drainage and ventilation hole extending downward to the pressure-applying bottom surface. The ecological hole is located between the river-facing surface and the positioning hole.
2. The eco-block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom size of the ecological hole is smaller than the opening size of the ecological hole, and the bottom of the ecological hole is located directly below the opening of the ecological hole. The bottom of the ecological hole gradually transitions towards the opening of the ecological hole.
3. The eco-block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage and ventilation hole is located at the center of the bottom of the ecological hole.
4. The eco-block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the sidewall of the ecological hole near the river-facing side is greater than the length of the sidewall of the ecological hole near the river-returning side.
5. The eco-block according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two connecting sides each include two concave sections facing away from each other, and the length of the river-facing side is greater than the length of the river-repelling side.
6. An ecological block according to claim 5, characterised in that: The block body has a symmetrical structure and the symmetrical plane is perpendicular to the river-facing side, the river-backing side, the pressure-applying bottom surface, and the pressure-bearing top surface.
7. The eco-block according to claim 1, characterized in that: Of the pressure-applying bottom surface and the pressure-bearing top surface, one is provided with a limiting groove extending to both ends, and the other is provided with a limiting strip. The two ends of the limiting groove extend to two connecting sides respectively. The two ends of the limiting strip are spaced apart from the two connecting sides. The limiting strip and the limiting groove extend in the same direction. The two ends of the limiting strip are also provided with anchoring through holes extending along the height direction of the block body. When the two block bodies are assembled and stacked along their own height direction through the limiting groove and the limiting strip, and only the two anchoring through holes are coaxial, the drainage and venting hole of the upper block body is located directly above the opening formed by one of the concave sections of the lower block body.
8. The eco-block according to claim 1, characterized in that: An overflow channel is also provided on the pressure-bearing top surface. One end of the overflow channel extends to the side of the ecological hole away from the river-facing side, and the other end extends to one of the connecting sides.
9. A river bank protection characterized by comprising: include: A slope protection layer stacked from bottom to top, the slope protection layer comprising at least two ecological blocks as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the opposite connecting sides of two adjacent ecological blocks are fitted together and combined to form a positioning cavity for filling with crushed stone. In two adjacent slope protection layers, the drainage and ventilation holes of the upper slope protection layer are located directly above the positioning cavity of the lower layer.
10. The riverbank protection of claim 9, wherein: There are at least two adjacent slope protection layers. The river-facing surfaces of the blocks in the upper slope protection layer are combined to form an upslope surface. The ecological holes in the blocks in the lower slope protection layer are combined with the side facing the river to form an exposed surface, and the side facing away from the river to form an inner surface. The vertical extension of the upslope surface is located between the exposed surface and the inner surface.