A triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system
By installing three layers of water spray sieves and specially arranged ejectors in the evaporator and main condenser, a circulating spiral airflow is formed, which solves the problems of large footprint, water accumulation and scale formation and noise in existing low-pressure steam refrigeration systems, and improves refrigeration efficiency and equipment stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 刘国跃
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing low-pressure steam refrigeration systems suffer from problems such as large equipment footprint, inconvenient transportation, low refrigeration efficiency, easy water accumulation and scale formation, and noise.
The system employs a triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system, which includes an evaporator and a main condenser with upper, middle, and lower layers of water spray sieves, connecting to the first, second, and third effect main ejectors. The ejectors are arranged in an oblique insertion and tangential ring shape, and the steam distribution cylinder distributes low-pressure steam to form a circulating spiral airflow.
Reduces equipment footprint, lowers transportation costs, improves refrigeration efficiency, avoids water accumulation, scale buildup and noise, ensures smooth steam injection, high heat absorption rate, and convenient maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224454961U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of industrial refrigeration technology, specifically relating to a triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, large-scale metallurgical, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries in China generally use electric refrigeration or lithium bromide refrigeration equipment in their production processes. This results in problems such as high power consumption, environmental pollution from the use of chemical refrigerants, and high maintenance costs. At the same time, these enterprises fail to effectively utilize the large amounts of low-pressure waste heat steam generated during production, leading to energy waste.
[0003] Existing technologies, such as patent CN201517869U (Multi-Effect Steam Jet Water Absorption Refrigeration Unit), propose a scheme for refrigeration using low-pressure steam. This scheme employs an evaporator and main condenser with a diameter of at least 2 meters, connected by five or more main ejectors. While this technology solves the problem of utilizing low-pressure steam, years of practical application have revealed the following drawbacks: the equipment diameter is too large, resulting in a large footprint and inconvenient transportation; the main ejector at the top of the evaporator uses a vertically connected 90-degree horizontal connecting pipe, which easily leads to water accumulation, crystallization, and noise; the main ejectors in the middle and lower sections are symmetrically connected along the tank's centerline, causing airflow opposition and reducing refrigeration efficiency.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to optimize and improve existing technologies to provide a low-pressure steam refrigeration system with a more reasonable structure, more efficient operation, and easier maintenance. Utility Model Content
[0005] This invention addresses the aforementioned problems and overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system. Compared to existing technologies, this invention occupies less space, improves refrigeration efficiency, and operates more stably.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.
[0007] This utility model provides a triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system, including an evaporator and a main condenser. Both the evaporator and the main condenser are equipped with upper, middle, and lower layers of water-spraying screens. A first auxiliary condenser is connected to the main condenser via a first auxiliary ejector, and a second auxiliary condenser is connected to the first condenser via a second auxiliary ejector. The system is characterized by a single-effect main ejector connected above the upper layer of water-spraying screens in the evaporator and between the middle and lower layers of water-spraying screens in the main condenser. A third auxiliary ejector is connected between the upper and middle layers of water-spraying screens in the evaporator and between the upper and middle layers of water-spraying screens in the main condenser. A pair of two-effect main injectors are connected, and a pair of three-effect main injectors are connected between the lower water spray screen plate in the evaporator and above the upper water spray screen plate in the main condenser. The first-effect main injector is arranged obliquely between the evaporator and the main condenser. The pair of two-effect main injectors and the pair of three-effect main injectors are tangentially connected between the evaporator and the main condenser. The system also includes a steam distribution cylinder for distributing low-pressure steam, which is connected to the first-effect main injector, the second-effect main injector and the third-effect main injector respectively through low-pressure steam pipelines.
[0008] Furthermore, both the evaporator and the main condenser have a diameter of 1.8 meters.
[0009] Furthermore, the water spraying screen plate is covered with sieve holes with a diameter of 5 mm, and each water spraying screen plate is fixed to the inner wall of the evaporator and the main condenser, thereby forming a three-layer continuous evaporation space between the evaporator and the main condenser.
[0010] Furthermore, the sieve holes of the water spraying sieve plate are evenly distributed, and the water spraying sieve plate is horizontally fixed inside both the evaporator and the main condenser.
[0011] Furthermore, the oblique insertion arrangement of the first-effect main injector specifically refers to the first-effect main injector being directly connected between the evaporator and the main condenser at an oblique angle, thereby avoiding water accumulation in the horizontal pipes.
[0012] Furthermore, the two-effect main injectors and the three-effect main injectors are respectively connected in a tangential ring shape, which means that the two two-effect main injectors are connected from the front and rear tangential directions of the evaporator and the main condenser, respectively, and the two three-effect main injectors are also connected from the front and rear tangential directions of the evaporator and the main condenser, so that the airflow runs in a circulating spiral state in the evaporator and the main condenser.
[0013] Furthermore, the evaporator has a water inlet at the top and a water outlet at the bottom. The water inlet is connected to the external user system through a user return water pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the interior of an external low-temperature water tank through an outlet pipe. The main condenser has a water inlet at the top and is equipped with a spray head, and a water outlet at the bottom. The water inlet is connected to the external cooling system through a cooling water pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the interior of an external cooling water tank through an outlet pipe.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model.
[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model saves the equipment's floor space, facilitates transportation, and reduces manufacturing costs; the sprayed water flow is finer, which is conducive to rapid evaporation under vacuum conditions; it effectively avoids and overcomes the drawbacks of existing technologies such as easy water accumulation, scale formation, and noise, making steam injection smooth and heat absorption rate high; it ensures that saturated steam flows smoothly during the injection process, without water accumulation, scale formation, or noise, improving refrigeration efficiency, facilitating maintenance, and extending service life. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device connection structure of this utility model.
[0018] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1 is the evaporator, 2 is the main condenser, 3 is the water spray sieve plate, 4 is the first auxiliary condenser, 5 is the first auxiliary ejector, 6 is the second auxiliary condenser, 7 is the second auxiliary ejector, 8 is the first-effect main ejector, 9 is the second-effect main ejector, 10 is the third-effect main ejector, 11 is the steam distribution cylinder, 12 is the low-temperature water tank, and 13 is the cooling water tank. Detailed Implementation
[0019] As shown in the attached figures, this embodiment provides a triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system applied to the circulating cooling system of a metallurgical enterprise, utilizing waste heat steam (pressure 0.2 MPa) as power. The system design parameters are: cooling capacity 2 million kcal / hour, and cooling water temperature difference 10℃±1℃.
[0020] This refrigeration system includes an evaporator 1 and a main condenser 2. Both evaporator 1 and main condenser 2 are vertical cylindrical steel containers with a diameter of 1.8 meters. The height is designed according to process requirements. In practical applications, the 1.8-meter diameter can achieve the same refrigeration effect as the original 2-meter diameter design. However, compared with the existing 2-meter diameter design, the 1.8-meter diameter design saves equipment floor space, facilitates transportation, and reduces manufacturing costs.
[0021] Both the evaporator 1 and the main condenser 2 are equipped with three layers of water spraying screens 3, namely upper, middle and lower. The two lower layers of water spraying screens 3 of the main condenser 2 have openings at 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the cross-sectional area, and an overflow edge with a height of 50 to 60 mm is provided on one side, which is consistent with the prior art.
[0022] Each water spraying screen plate 3 is evenly covered with sieve holes with a diameter of 5 mm. Compared with the 8 mm sieve holes in the prior art, the sprayed water flow is finer, which is conducive to rapid evaporation under vacuum. Each water spraying screen plate 3 is horizontally fixed to the inner wall of the evaporator 1 and the main condenser 2, thereby forming a three-layer continuous evaporation space between the evaporator 1 and the main condenser 2.
[0023] Evaporator 1 has an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom. The inlet is connected to the external user system via a user return water pipe, and the outlet is connected to the interior of an external low-temperature water tank 12 via an outlet pipe. The low-temperature water tank 12 contains the low-temperature water after the evaporation process. The low-temperature water passes through a heat exchanger and is then returned to the user for recycling. The main condenser 2 has an inlet at the top and is equipped with a spray nozzle, and an outlet at the bottom. The inlet is connected to the external cooling system via a cooling water pipe, and the outlet is connected to the interior of an external cooling water tank 13 via an outlet pipe. This allows the cooling water tank 13 to store the condensate after the cooling water from the cooling system enters the main condenser 2 and is mixed with steam. The condensate is then pumped back to the cooling system by a condensation pump to generate cooling water for recycling.
[0024] The first auxiliary condenser 4 is connected to the main condenser 2 via the first auxiliary ejector 5, and the second auxiliary condenser 6 is connected to the first auxiliary condenser 4 via the second auxiliary ejector 7. Its structure, arrangement, and parameters are consistent with the prior art. It is used to compress and discharge non-condensable gases and maintain the system vacuum.
[0025] A primary ejector 8 is obliquely connected above the upper water spray screen plate 3 inside the evaporator 1 and between the middle and lower water spray screen plates 3 inside the main condenser 2. The primary ejector 8 is directly connected between the evaporator 1 and the main condenser 2 at an inclined angle. Compared with the vertical 90-degree horizontal arrangement in the prior art, this avoids water accumulation in horizontal pipes, effectively avoids and overcomes the drawbacks of easy water accumulation and scale formation, and noise, so that the steam injection is smooth, the heat absorption rate is high, and the refrigeration efficiency is improved.
[0026] A pair of double-effect main injectors 9 are connected between the upper and middle water spray screen plates 3 of the evaporator 1 and between the upper and middle water spray screen plates 3 of the main condenser 2. A pair of triple-effect main injectors 10 are connected between the middle and lower water spray screen plates 3 of the evaporator 1 and above the upper water spray screen plate 3 of the main condenser 2.
[0027] A pair of double-effect main ejectors 9 and a pair of triple-effect main ejectors 10 are tangentially connected in a ring between the evaporator 1 and the main condenser 2. Specifically, the two double-effect main ejectors 9 are connected from the front and rear tangential directions of the evaporator 1 and the main condenser 2, respectively, and the two triple-effect main ejectors 10 are also connected from the front and rear tangential directions of the evaporator 1 and the main condenser 2, so that the airflow runs in a circulating spiral state in the evaporator 1 and the main condenser 2, avoiding airflow collision, increasing fluid velocity, increasing system vacuum, greatly reducing noise, and improving refrigeration efficiency.
[0028] Low-pressure steam is distributed through the steam distribution cylinder 11, which is connected to the first-effect main injector 8, the second-effect main injector 9, and the third-effect main injector 10 through various low-pressure steam pipelines.
[0029] During system operation, low-pressure steam is distributed to each main injector via steam distributor 11, creating a vacuum in evaporator 1. Water evaporates and cools down to form low-temperature water, which enters low-temperature water pool 12 and is then recycled back to the user end. Condensed steam is compressed and introduced into main condenser 2, condensed by cooling water, and then discharged to cooling water pool 13. The condensate in cooling water pool 13 is then pumped back to the cooling system to generate cooling water for recycling. Non-condensable gases (mainly air) are compressed and discharged into the atmosphere after performing work through each auxiliary condenser and each auxiliary injector.
[0030] It is understood that the above specific description of this utility model is only used to illustrate this utility model and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to this utility model to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the use needs are met, they are all within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system, comprising an evaporator (1) and a main condenser (2), wherein both the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2) are provided with upper, middle and lower three-layer water spray sieve plates (3), a first auxiliary condenser (4) is connected to the main condenser (2) through a first auxiliary ejector (5), and a second auxiliary condenser (6) is connected to the first auxiliary condenser (4) through a second auxiliary ejector (7), characterized in that, A single-effect main injector (8) is connected above the upper water spray screen plate (3) in the evaporator (1) and between the middle and lower water spray screen plates (3) in the main condenser (2). A pair of double-effect main injectors (9) are connected between the upper and middle water spray screen plates (3) in the evaporator (1) and between the upper and middle water spray screen plates (3) in the main condenser (2). A pair of triple-effect main injectors (10) are connected between the middle and lower water spray screen plates (3) in the evaporator (1) and above the upper water spray screen plate (3) in the main condenser (2). The ejector (8) is arranged obliquely between the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2); a pair of the two-effect main ejectors (9) and a pair of the three-effect main ejectors (10) are respectively connected tangentially between the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2); it also includes a steam distribution cylinder (11) for distributing low-pressure steam, which is connected to the one-effect main ejector (8), the two-effect main ejector (9) and the three-effect main ejector (10) through low-pressure steam pipelines respectively.
2. The triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of both the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2) is 1.8 meters.
3. The triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water spraying sieve plate (3) is covered with sieve holes with a diameter of 5 mm, and each water spraying sieve plate (3) is fixed to the inner wall of the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2), thereby forming a three-layer continuous evaporation space between the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2).
4. A triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sieve holes of the water spraying sieve plate (3) are evenly distributed, and the water spraying sieve plate (3) is horizontally fixed in both the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2).
5. A triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oblique arrangement of the first-effect main injector (8) specifically means that the first-effect main injector (8) is directly connected between the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2) at an oblique angle, thereby avoiding water accumulation in the horizontal pipe.
6. A triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-effect main injector (9) and the three-effect main injector (10) are connected in a tangential ring shape. Specifically, the two two-effect main injectors (9) are connected from the front and rear tangential directions of the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2), respectively, and the two three-effect main injectors (10) are also connected from the front and rear tangential directions of the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2), so that the airflow runs in a circulating spiral state in the evaporator (1) and the main condenser (2).
7. A triple-effect low-pressure steam refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaporator (1) has an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom. The inlet is connected to the external user system through a user return water pipe, and the outlet is connected to the interior of the external low-temperature water tank (12) through an outlet pipe. The main condenser (2) has an inlet at the top and is equipped with a spray nozzle. The outlet is located at the bottom. The inlet is connected to the external cooling system through a cooling water pipe, and the outlet is connected to the interior of the external cooling water tank (13) through an outlet pipe.