Composite protection safety device for end of embedded steel bar of tunnel inverted arch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel inverted arch preburied reinforcing steel bar end composite protection safety device, include: a plurality of first protective cap, a plurality of first protective cap installs respectively at each first preburied reinforcing steel bar top, first connecting rope, first connecting rope connects a plurality of first protective cap as an organic whole, constitutes first protection subassembly, several second protective cap, a plurality of second protective cap installs respectively at each second preburied reinforcing steel bar top, second connecting rope, second connecting rope connects several second protective cap as an organic whole, constitutes second protection subassembly, protection structure, protection structure sets up above second protection subassembly, the utility model discloses simple structure, novel and reasonable design, through setting up composite protection safety device at tunnel inverted arch preburied reinforcing steel bar end, effectively solved the harm degree of falling from high place in the working process of operating personnel on tunnel secondary lining trolley, discarded the backward protection device of the original tunnel construction process preburied reinforcing steel bar head nakedness to cause the harm to operating personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a protective safety device, specifically a composite protective safety device for the ends of pre-embedded steel bars in tunnel inverts. It is mainly used during highway tunnel construction to protect the sharp ends of pre-embedded steel bars, thereby preventing personnel injuries caused by falls from heights. It belongs to the field of safety protection technology for highway tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, current highway tunnel construction workers use waterproofing membrane trolleys for construction, relying solely on longitudinal edge protection devices to prevent falls from heights. After installing the edge protection, the workers face significant challenges and low efficiency when installing the waterproofing membrane and secondary lining reinforcement on the trolley. Due to the reduced work efficiency, the longitudinal edge protection of the tunnel waterproofing membrane trolley may be removed during construction, leaving the ends of the pre-embedded reinforcement bars on the lower invert arch exposed. If a worker makes a mistake and falls from a height, it could easily lead to serious consequences, such as loss of life.

[0003] Currently, inherent safety in highway tunnel construction is not yet widely implemented. Many tunnel construction projects still require manual operation, and the direct causes of accidents are generally unsafe acts by people and unsafe conditions of equipment. Therefore, preventing accidents by implementing measures to control unsafe conditions is crucial. When workers are working on the first, second, or even higher levels of the tunnel waterproofing trolley, a fall from height without proper protection can easily result in steel bars piercing their bodies, causing serious injury or death. Installing this protective device prevents such incidents. Currently, highway tunnel construction is on a large scale, and tunnel workers frequently operate on the waterproofing trolley; however, no corresponding protective measures have been implemented for the embedded steel bars during tunnel construction.

[0004] Therefore, due to the lack of this protective device, workers may fall from heights while working in the longitudinal (arched) position of the waterproofing trolley or during the installation of the waterproofing trolley. This could easily cause workers to fall onto the ends of the reinforcing bars, and in severe cases, even result in personal injury or death.

[0005] Therefore, the key to solving the above-mentioned technical problems lies in developing a composite protection safety device for the pre-embedded steel bar ends in tunnel inverts that has high safety and high reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the many defects and deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, this utility model has made improvements and innovations, aiming to provide a simple structure and novel and reasonable design. By setting a composite protective safety device at the end of the pre-embedded steel bar in the tunnel invert arch, it effectively solves the problem of injury caused by workers falling from heights during operation on the tunnel secondary lining trolley; and abandons the outdated protective device that caused injury to workers due to the exposed pre-embedded steel bar ends during tunnel construction.

[0007] To solve the above problems and achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives, the present invention provides a composite protective safety device for the pre-embedded steel bar ends in tunnel invert arches, implemented through the following design structure and technical solutions:

[0008] As an improvement to the composite protective safety device for the pre-embedded steel bar ends in the tunnel invert arch of this utility model, it includes:

[0009] Several first protective caps are installed on the top of each first pre-embedded steel bar;

[0010] The first connecting rope connects several first protective caps together to form a first protective component;

[0011] Several second protective caps are installed on the top of each second pre-embedded steel bar;

[0012] The second connecting rope connects several second protective caps together to form a second protective component.

[0013] A protective structure is provided, positioned above the second protective component. As an improvement of this invention, the first protective cap includes:

[0014] The first sleeve, one end of which is used to be fitted onto the top of the first pre-embedded steel bar;

[0015] The first protective cap is connected to the other end of the first sleeve as a whole;

[0016] The first limiting member is connected to the outer wall of the first sleeve, forming an integral structure.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first sleeve is an internally hollow cylinder or a tubular component.

[0018] The first protective cap is spherical in shape;

[0019] The first limiting member is a "C-shaped", "V-shaped", "U-shaped", "W-shaped", "C-shaped", or "ring-shaped".

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, both the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are steel wire ropes or lead wires.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second protective cap includes:

[0022] The second sleeve, one end of which is used to be fitted onto the top of the second pre-embedded steel bar;

[0023] The second protective cap is connected to the other end of the second sleeve as a whole;

[0024] The second limiting member is connected to the outer wall of the second sleeve, forming an integral structure.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second protective caps are installed symmetrically in a row along the same axis;

[0026] The second sleeve is a hollow cylinder or tubular component.

[0027] The second protective cap is spherical or mushroom-shaped, and a protective sleeve is fitted onto the spherical or mushroom-shaped second protective cap. Several integrated rubber protective protrusions are provided on the outer surface of the protective sleeve.

[0028] The second limiting component is a "C-shaped", "V-shaped", "U-shaped", "W-shaped", "nut", "C-shaped", or "ring-shaped".

[0029] As a further improvement of the present invention, the protective structure includes:

[0030] The first layer of protective structure is located on top of the second layer of protective structure.

[0031] The second protective structure body is placed on the row of second protective caps;

[0032] Multiple binding straps are used to detachably bind the first layer of protective structure and the second layer of protective structure into a whole, forming a protective structure. This protective structure is fixed to the second pre-embedded steel bar by limiting steel wire ropes or lead wires.

[0033] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first protective structure body is a closed-cell polyethylene foam board.

[0034] The second protective structure is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) protective board.

[0035] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes limiting mounting legs, which are arranged in pairs at the lower end of the second protective structure body and are used to be tied to the second embedded steel bar or the second protective cap by limiting ropes or lead wires.

[0036] As a further improvement to the present invention, the outer surfaces of the first protective cap, the first connecting rope, the second protective cap, the second connecting rope, and the protective structure are sequentially coated from the inside out with an injection molding layer, a waterproof layer, a rust-proof layer, and a warning layer, and the warning layer is coated with fluorescent powder.

[0037] The working principle is as follows: Before using the composite protective safety device for the pre-embedded steel bar ends of the tunnel invert arch with the above-mentioned design structure, it is only necessary to transport the various components of the device to the designated construction location by manual labor or by appropriate handling equipment for installation and use.

[0038] During installation, the specific installation steps are as follows: First, the operator installs several pre-prepared first protective caps on the top of each corresponding first embedded steel bar through their respective first sleeves; at the same time, the first connecting rope is used to connect several first protective caps into one unit to form a first protective component. This first protective component is installed on the exposed end of the first embedded steel bar, with the direction being that the first sleeve is inserted into the end of the first embedded steel bar. All steel bar ends that are not welded and exposed in relation to the secondary lining steel bars must be installed.

[0039] Subsequently, the operators installed several second protective caps on the top of each corresponding second embedded steel bar using their respective second sleeves; at the same time, the second connecting ropes were used to connect several second protective caps into one unit to form a second protective assembly. This first protective assembly was installed on the exposed end of the second embedded steel bar, with the direction being that the second sleeve was inserted into the end of the second embedded steel bar, and all steel bar ends that were not welded and exposed in the secondary lining steel bar were required to be installed.

[0040] After the first and second protective components are installed, the protective structure can then be installed.

[0041] The protective structure is positioned above the second protective component. Specifically, during installation, the protective structure includes: a first-layer protective structure body, located on top of the second-layer protective structure body; a second-layer protective structure body, placed on rows of second protective caps; and multiple binding straps that detachably bind the first-layer and second-layer protective structure bodies together to form a single protective structure. This protective structure is fixed to the second pre-embedded reinforcing steel bars using limiting steel wire ropes or lead wires.

[0042] Finally, after the tunnel waterproofing membrane is laid, when it is necessary to weld the ends of the pre-embedded steel bars of the invert arch to the secondary lining steel bars, the operator only needs to remove the safety components of this utility model. During removal, first remove the protective structure and take it down from above the second protective component. Then, remove the first protective component on the end of the second pre-embedded steel bar and the first protective component on the end of the first pre-embedded steel bar, respectively. Finally, after the operator cleans and repairs each removed component, it is transported to the designated tool storage warehouse by manual labor or corresponding handling equipment for storage, so as to be used for the next cycle.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0044] 1. This utility model effectively solves the problem of injury caused by workers falling from heights during operation on the tunnel secondary lining trolley by setting a composite protective safety device at the end of the pre-embedded steel bar in the tunnel invert arch; it eliminates the outdated protective device that caused injury to workers due to the exposed end of the pre-embedded steel bar during tunnel construction, and maximizes the protection of the personal and life safety of construction workers.

[0045] 2. This utility model sets up a first layer of protective structure at the top of the pre-embedded steel bar head in the highway tunnel. The first layer of protective structure is made of closed-cell polyethylene foam board, the second layer of protective structure is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene protective board, and the third layer is a combination system of the first and second protective caps. This maximizes the reduction of the risk of injury from falls from heights during construction work on the tunnel lining trolley, ensuring safe construction operations.

[0046] 3. By adding this protective component, this utility model prevents serious injury or death incidents, and solves the safety hazards caused by the large-scale construction of highway tunnels, where tunnel construction workers frequently work on waterproof board trolleys and there are currently no corresponding protective measures for the pre-embedded steel bar heads during tunnel construction.

[0047] 4. The protective closed-cell polyethylene foam board in this utility model is lightweight, quick and portable to install, and minimizes injury from falls from heights. The protective ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene board has high yield strength and is lightweight, highly wear-resistant, highly impact-resistant, highly compressive strength, and durable. The Q235 iron crown ball has high yield strength, and the steel wire buckles and steel wire ropes are readily available and easy to procure, overcoming the time-consuming process of ordering from the factory. This protective device fills the gap in current tunnel construction where effective protective measures are not taken for the ends of the pre-embedded steel bars in the tunnel invert arch.

[0048] 5. Because this utility model sets the limiting mounting legs in pairs on the second layer of protective structure, it has several advantages. First, the paired arrangement provides balanced support and fixation to the second layer of protective structure from both sides or symmetrical positions, reducing the possibility of tilting or swaying due to unilateral force and improving the overall stability after installation. Second, it ensures force balance: when subjected to external impact or vibration, the paired limiting mounting legs can distribute the force to both sides, preventing damage to a single mounting leg due to excessive force and extending the service life of the structure. Third, it provides precise positioning: the paired arrangement facilitates accurate positioning of the second layer of protective structure during installation, ensuring that its installation position meets design requirements and reducing deviations.

[0049] 6. This utility model prevents rusting and extends the service life of the entire device by coating the exterior of each component with anti-rust paint and a waterproof layer. It is environmentally friendly and saves resources. At the same time, the exterior of the device is coated with a self-illuminating fluorescent material, which can clearly mark the location of the laying device at night, in dark indoor environments, and in underground construction environments. It can effectively play a safety warning role, improve visibility, make it easy for people to identify, and increase safety in construction and daily life. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0051] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the usage state of this utility model;

[0052] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the usage state of this utility model;

[0053] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the usage state of this utility model;

[0054] Figure 4 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the usage state of this utility model;

[0055] Figure 5 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the usage state of this utility model;

[0056] Figure 6 This is the sixth diagram showing the usage state of this utility model;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protective structure (5) component of this utility model;

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first protective cap (1) component of this utility model;

[0059] Figure 9This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of the second protective cap (3) component of this utility model;

[0060] Figure 10 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second protective cap (3) component of this utility model;

[0061] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of another design structure of this utility model;

[0062] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another design structure of the protective structure (5) component of this utility model;

[0063] In the figure, the numbers are: 1—first protective cap, 11—first sleeve, 12—first protective cap head, 13—first limiting component;

[0064] 2—First connecting rope

[0065] 3—Second protective cap, 31—Second sleeve, 32—Second protective cap head, 33—Second limiting component;

[0066] 4—Second connecting rope

[0067] 5—Protective structure, 51—First layer of protective structure body, 52—Second layer of protective structure body, 53—Binding strap, 54—Limiting mounting leg, 55—Limiting rope or wire;

[0068] 6—First embedded steel bar;

[0069] 7—Second embedded steel bar;

[0070] 8—Tunnel waterproofing membrane trolley;

[0071] 9—Tunnel. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To make the technical means, inventive features, objectives, and effects of this utility model readily understandable, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] like Figures 1 to 12 The composite protective safety device for the pre-embedded steel reinforcement ends of the tunnel invert arch shown includes:

[0075] Several first protective caps 1 are installed on the top of each first pre-embedded steel bar 6;

[0076] The first connecting rope 2 connects several first protective caps 1 into a whole to form a first protective component;

[0077] Several second protective caps 3 are respectively installed on the tops of each second embedded steel bar 7;

[0078] The second connecting rope 4 connects several second protective caps 3 into a whole to form a second protective component;

[0079] The protective structure 5 is arranged above the second protective component.

[0080] In the present utility model, both the first protective cap 1 and the second protective cap 3 are made of Q235 iron crown balls.

[0081] Further, as Figure 8 shown, the first protective cap 1 includes:

[0082] The first sleeve 11, one end of the first sleeve 11 is used to sleeve on the top of the first embedded steel bar 6;

[0083] The first protective cap head 12 is integrally connected to the other end of the first sleeve 11;

[0084] The first limiting member 13 is connected to the outer wall of the first sleeve 11 to form an integral structure.

[0085] Specifically, as Figure 8 shown, the first sleeve 11 is a hollow cylinder or a tubular member as a whole;

[0086] The first protective cap head 12 is spherical;

[0087] The first limiting member 13 is in the shape of "C", "V", "U", "W" or "匚" or a "ring structure".

[0088] The first limiting member 13 is preferably a wire buckle.

[0089] Further, both the first connecting rope 2 and the second connecting rope 4 are steel wire ropes or lead wires.

[0090] In the present utility model, the first connecting rope 2 and the second connecting rope 4 are preferably made of steel wire ropes.

[0091] Further, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the second protective cap 3 includes:

[0092] The second sleeve 31, one end of the second sleeve 31 is used to sleeve on the top of the second embedded steel bar 7;

[0093] The second protective cap 32 is connected to the other end of the second sleeve 31 as a whole;

[0094] The second limiting member 33 is connected to the outer wall of the second sleeve 31, forming an integral structure.

[0095] In this utility model, the first protective cap 12 and the second protective cap 32 are both made of Q235 iron crown balls of different sizes.

[0096] Specifically, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the second protective caps 3 are installed symmetrically in a row along the same axis;

[0097] The second sleeve 31 is a hollow cylinder or tubular component.

[0098] The second protective cap 32 is spherical or mushroom-shaped, and a protective sleeve is fitted on the spherical or mushroom-shaped second protective cap 32. Several integrated rubber protective protrusions are provided on the outer surface of the protective sleeve.

[0099] The second limiting member 33 is a "C-shaped", "V-shaped", "U-shaped", "W-shaped", "nut", "C-shaped", or "ring-shaped".

[0100] In this utility model, the second limiting member 33 is preferably a steel wire buckle, and the protective sleeve is a rubber protective sleeve. Since a rubber protective sleeve with protective protrusions is provided at the contact connection between the protective structure 5 and the second protective cap 3, it can not only play a protective role and ensure the structural integrity of the protective structure 5 and the second protective cap 3, but also increase the friction at the connection, so that the protective structure 5 can be placed stably and reliably on the second protective cap 3.

[0101] Meanwhile, the second limiting member 33 is a nut, which is horizontally fixed to the outer wall of the second sleeve 31.

[0102] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, the protective structure 5 includes:

[0103] The first layer of protective structure body 51 is located on top of the second layer of protective structure body 52;

[0104] The second protective structure body 52 is placed on the row of second protective caps 3;

[0105] Multiple binding straps 53 are used to detachably bind the first layer of protective structure body 51 and the second layer of protective structure body 52 into a whole, forming a protective structure 5. The protective structure 5 is fixed to the second pre-embedded steel bar 7 by limiting steel wire rope or lead wire.

[0106] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first layer of protective structure body 51 is a closed-cell polyethylene foam board.

[0107] The second protective structure body 52 is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene protective plate.

[0108] In this utility model, the shapes and structures of the first protective structure body 51 and the second protective structure body 52 are matched, and both are elongated plate-shaped components.

[0109] In summary, a more specific embodiment of this utility model is as follows:

[0110] Before using the composite protective safety device for the pre-embedded steel bar ends of the tunnel invert arch with the above-mentioned design structure, simply move each component of the device to the designated construction location by hand or by appropriate handling equipment for installation.

[0111] During installation, the specific installation steps are as follows: First, the operator installs several pre-prepared first protective caps 1 on the top of each corresponding first embedded steel bar 6 through their respective first sleeves 11; at the same time, the first connecting rope 2 is used to connect several first protective caps 1 into one unit to form a first protective component. This first protective component is installed on the exposed end of the first embedded steel bar 6, with the direction being that the first sleeve 11 is inserted into the end of the first embedded steel bar 6, and all steel bar ends involving the secondary lining steel bars that are not welded and exposed need to be installed;

[0112] Subsequently, the operator installs several second protective caps 3 on the top of each corresponding second embedded steel bar 7 using their respective second sleeves 31; at the same time, the second connecting rope 4 is used to connect several second protective caps 3 into one unit to form a second protective component. This first protective component is installed on the exposed end of the second embedded steel bar 7, with the direction being that the second sleeve 31 is inserted into the end of the second embedded steel bar 7, and all steel bar ends involving the secondary lining steel bars that are not welded and exposed must be installed;

[0113] After the first and second protective components are installed, protective structure 5 can be installed.

[0114] The protective structure 5 is positioned above the second protective component. Specifically, when installing the protective structure 5, the protective structure 5 includes: a first-layer protective structure body 51, which is located on top of the second-layer protective structure body 52; a second-layer protective structure body 52, which is placed on the row of second protective caps 3; and multiple binding straps 53, which detachably bind the first-layer protective structure body 51 and the second-layer protective structure body 52 into a whole to form the protective structure 5. The protective structure 5 is fixed to the second pre-embedded reinforcing bar 7 by limiting steel wire ropes or lead wires.

[0115] Finally, after the tunnel waterproofing membrane is laid, when it is necessary to weld the ends of the pre-embedded steel bars of the invert arch to the secondary lining steel bars, the operator only needs to remove the safety components of this utility model. During removal, first remove the protective structure 5 and take it down from above the second protective component. Then, remove the first protective components on the ends of the second pre-embedded steel bars 7 and the first protective components on the ends of the first pre-embedded steel bars 6 one by one. Finally, after the operator cleans and repairs each removed component, it is transported to the designated tool storage warehouse by manual labor or corresponding handling equipment for storage, so as to be used for the next cycle.

[0116] The specific components of the entire implementation process described above are as follows:

[0117] 1. This product consists of a first protective structure body 51, which is a protective closed-cell polyethylene foam board, and a second protective structure body 52, which is a protective ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene board. The first protective structure body 51 and the second protective structure body 52 are connected as a whole to form a protective structure 5. The third protective layer consists of a first protective cap 1, a second protective cap 3, a first connecting rope 2, and a second connecting rope 4.

[0118] The first protective structure body 51 and the second protective structure body 52 of this utility model have a density of 0.935*103kg / m³, good wear resistance, and will not crack due to external force or internal pressure fluctuations. Their impact strength is 10 times that of nylon 66, 20 times that of polyvinyl chloride, and 4 times that of polyethylene. This material also has advantages such as light weight, high wear resistance, high impact resistance, high compressive strength, and durability. The first and second protective structure bodies 51 and 52 are connected as a whole to form the protective structure 5. The third layer consists of: a crown ball with a steel outer diameter of 75mm, an inner diameter of 35mm, and a wall thickness of 3mm; a 32mm diameter steel pipe as a sleeve at the lower part of the crown ball, with an exposed length of 100mm; and a 3mm diameter... The steel wire buckles connect the various crown balls using steel wire ropes with a diameter of 3mm, thus constructing the connection system for the entire installation structure. Figure 3 As shown;

[0119] The first layer of this product is a protective closed-cell polyethylene foam board with a compressive strength ≥0.15MPa; the second layer is a protective ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene board with a yield strength of 540.88MPa; and the third layer is a Q235 iron crown ball with a yield strength of 235MPa.

[0120] 4. Applying the momentum theorem, impact force = mass * velocity / collision time, we derive the landing velocity as √2 * 9.8 * 5.8 = 10.63 m / s. Based on this formula, the impact force is 200 * 10.63 / 1 = 2126 N. According to the Pa pressure formula, 2126 N / 2m 2 =1063, therefore the pressure borne by the pre-embedded steel bar head in the tunnel is 0.0011 MPa;

[0121] Based on calculations and experiments, assuming a 200kg worker falls 5.8m from the highest trolley work platform, the composite protective safety device at the end of the pre-embedded steel bar in the tunnel invert arch must withstand a pressure of at least 0.0011MPa. According to the performance survey results of the materials used in the composite protective safety device, the first layer of protective closed-cell polyethylene foam board has a compressive / tensile strength ≥0.15MPa, the second layer of protective ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene board has a yield strength of 540.88MPa, and the third layer of Q235 iron crown ball has a yield strength of 235MPa. The total maximum pressure it can withstand is 775.15MPa. Therefore, this composite protective safety device meets the protection requirements.

[0122] 5. The first and second layers of the safety protection device are composed of closed-cell polyethylene foam boards and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene boards, as well as flexible fixing straps, all of which can be disassembled; the third layer of the composite protection safety device for the end of the pre-embedded steel bars in the invert arch consists of a crown ball and a sleeve, a sleeve and a wire buckle, and a wire rope. The crown ball and the sleeve are connected into a whole by welding. The U-shaped buckle is fixed in the middle of the side of the sleeve by welding. Finally, the steel rope passes through the U-shaped buckle to connect the various crown parts into a whole.

[0123] In summary, after installing this protective component, if a worker accidentally falls from a height while working on the tunnel waterproofing trolley 8, the worker will land on the composite protective component designed in this utility model. The first layer is a closed-cell polyethylene foam board, the second layer is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene protective board, and the third layer is an anti-fall crown safety device. Based on the experimental results, it can be concluded that after installing the composite safety protective component, only minor injuries or no injury will be caused to the worker.

[0124] Example 2

[0125] This embodiment 2 is the same as embodiment 1, except that, as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, it also includes limiting mounting legs 54, which are arranged in pairs at the lower end of the second protective structure body 52, and are used to be tied to the second pre-embedded steel bar 7 or the second protective cap 3 by limiting ropes or lead wires 55.

[0126] In this utility model, the limiting mounting leg 54 is a rod-shaped component that is hollow or solid inside.

[0127] In this embodiment 2, when in use, the operator only needs to tie the limiting installation leg 54 to the second pre-embedded steel bar 7 or the second protective cap 3 with the limiting rope or lead wire 55.

[0128] During use, since the limiting mounting legs 54 are paired and installed on the second-layer protective structure body 52, they provide several advantages. First, the paired installation provides balanced support and fixation to the second-layer protective structure body 52 from both sides or symmetrical positions, reducing the possibility of tilting or swaying due to unilateral force and improving the overall stability after installation. Second, they ensure force balance: when subjected to external impact or vibration, the paired limiting mounting legs can distribute the force to both sides, preventing damage to a single mounting leg due to excessive force and extending the service life of the structure. Third, they provide precise positioning: the paired installation facilitates accurate positioning of the second-layer protective structure body 52 during installation, ensuring that its installation position meets design requirements, reducing deviations, and making construction and installation easier.

[0129] Other uses are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0130] Example 3

[0131] This embodiment 3 is the same as other embodiments, except that the outer surfaces of the first protective cap 1, the first connecting rope 2, the second protective cap 3, the second connecting rope 4, and the protective structure 5 are sequentially sprayed with an injection molding layer, a waterproof layer, a rust-proof layer, and a warning layer from the inside out, and the warning layer is coated with fluorescent powder.

[0132] Specifically, in this utility model, a polymer wear-resistant material is injection molded onto the injection molding layer; the anti-rust layer includes an epoxy zinc-rich primer and a chlorinated rubber topcoat, as well as an epoxy micaceous iron oxide intermediate paint located between the epoxy zinc-rich primer and the chlorinated rubber topcoat; the waterproof layer is a polyurethane waterproof coating; and the warning layer is a yellow or black reflective warning tape, reflective film, or reflective paint.

[0133] In this embodiment, by applying anti-rust paint and a waterproof layer to the exterior of each component, rust can be prevented and the service life of the entire device can be extended. This achieves environmental protection and saves resources. At the same time, the exterior of the device is coated with a self-illuminating fluorescent material, which can clearly mark the location of the laying device at night, in dark indoor environments, and in underground construction environments. This can effectively serve as a safety reminder, improve visibility, make it easy for people to identify, and increase safety in construction and daily life.

[0134] Meanwhile, in this utility model, all connections referred to are fixed connections, movable connections, or detachable connections. Fixed connections are welded connections or directly processed into an integral structure; movable connections or detachable connections are hinged connections, threaded connections, bayonet connections, plug-in connections, bolt assembly connections, or screw connections.

[0135] The specific usage is the same as in other embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0136] Finally, it should be noted that the specific embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made to it.

Claims

1. A composite protective safety device for the ends of pre-embedded reinforcing bars in tunnel invert arches, characterized in that, include: Several first protective caps (1) are installed on the top of each first pre-embedded steel bar (6); The first connecting rope (2) connects several first protective caps (1) into one unit to form a first protective component; Several second protective caps (3) are installed on the top of each second pre-embedded steel bar (7); The second connecting rope (4) connects several second protective caps (3) into one unit to form a second protective component; The protective structure (5) is located above the second protective component.

2. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first protective cap (1) includes: The first sleeve (11) is used to be fitted onto the top of the first pre-embedded steel bar (6); The first protective cap (12) is connected to the other end of the first sleeve (11) as a whole; The first limiting member (13) is connected to the outer wall of the first sleeve (11) to form an integral structure.

3. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first sleeve (11) is a hollow cylinder or tubular component; The first protective cap (12) is spherical; The first limiting member (13) is "C-shaped", "V-shaped", "U-shaped", "W-shaped", "C-shaped" or "ring-shaped".

4. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first connecting rope (2) and the second connecting rope (4) are steel wire ropes or lead wires.

5. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second protective cap (3) includes: The second sleeve (31) is used to be fitted onto the top of the second pre-embedded steel bar (7); The second protective cap (32) is connected to the other end of the second sleeve (31) as a whole; The second limiting member (33) is connected to the outer wall of the second sleeve (31) to form an integral structure.

6. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second protective cap (3) is installed symmetrically in a row along the same axis; The second sleeve (31) is a hollow cylinder or tubular component; The second protective cap (32) is spherical or mushroom-shaped, and a protective sleeve is fitted on the spherical or mushroom-shaped second protective cap (32). Several rubber protective protrusions with an integral structure are provided on the outer surface of the protective sleeve. The second limiting member (33) is a "C-shaped", "V-shaped", "U-shaped", "W-shaped", "nut", "C-shaped" or "ring structure".

7. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective structure (5) includes: The first layer of protective structure body (51) is located on top of the second layer of protective structure body (52); The second protective structure body (52) is placed on the row of second protective caps (3); Multiple binding straps (53) are used to detachably bind the first layer of protective structure body (51) and the second layer of protective structure body (52) into a whole to form a protective structure (5). The protective structure (5) is fixed to the second pre-embedded steel bar (7) by limiting steel wire rope or lead wire.

8. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first layer of protective structure body (51) is a closed-cell polyethylene foam board; The second protective structure body (52) is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene protective plate.

9. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, It also includes limiting mounting legs (54), which are arranged in pairs at the lower end of the second protective structure body (52) and are used to be tied to the second pre-embedded steel bar (7) or the second protective cap (3) by limiting ropes or lead wires (55).

10. The composite protective safety device for the end of the pre-embedded reinforcing steel bar in the tunnel invert as described in claim 1, characterized in that, On the outer surfaces of the first protective cap (1), the first connecting rope (2), the second protective cap (3), the second connecting rope (4), and the protective structure (5), an injection molding layer, a waterproof layer, a rust-proof layer, and a warning layer are sequentially sprayed from the inside to the outside. The warning layer is coated with fluorescent powder.

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