A simulation test platform for deformation and failure of reservoir excavation slope under the action of simulated rainfall

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of geotechnical and water conservancy and hydropower engineering test equipment, especially relates to a simulation test platform that simulates the deformation and failure of reservoir excavation slope under the action of simulated rainfall, which comprises a model box, an excavation simulation system, a rainfall simulation system, a monitoring system, a water and soil recycling system and a control and display system, a frame and a geotechnological layer are installed in the model box, the frame comprises a frame panel and a frame support, one end of the frame support is rotatably connected with one end of the frame panel, the other end of the frame support is connected with the bottom end of the inner wall of the model box, the other end of the frame panel is rotatably connected with the bottom end of the model box, and the geotechnological layer is located above the frame panel, the utility model can accurately simulate the coupling conditions of excavation and rainfall, and through adjustable slope, diversified monitoring means and flexible operation design, dynamic observation of the deformation and failure of the slope under complex geological conditions is realized, a highly simulated test platform for the stability research of reservoir slope is provided, and the utility model has the advantages of accurate working condition simulation, comprehensive monitoring and wide application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of testing equipment for geotechnical and hydraulic engineering, and in particular relates to a simulation test platform for the deformation and failure of reservoir excavation slopes under simulated rainfall. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of geotechnical engineering and water conservancy and hydropower engineering, the stability of reservoir slopes has always been a critical issue of great concern. With the continuous advancement of water conservancy infrastructure construction, a large number of reservoir projects are located in complex geological environments. Rainfall, as a common natural factor, often has a significant impact on reservoir excavation slopes, which can easily induce geological disasters such as landslides and collapses, posing a huge threat to the safety of people's lives and property in the surrounding areas and to engineering facilities.

[0003] Traditional research on reservoir slope stability relies heavily on field monitoring and theoretical analysis. However, field monitoring is limited by environmental conditions, making it difficult to fully grasp the details of the entire process of slope deformation and failure under various complex factors. Theoretical analysis, on the other hand, struggles to accurately account for the numerous uncertainties in actual working conditions. While some slope test models exist, most cannot simultaneously and accurately simulate both the reservoir excavation process and rainfall conditions. They fail to effectively reflect the stress-strain changes, seepage characteristics, and dynamic deformation and failure of the slope under the coupled effects of these two factors. Furthermore, they lack sufficient and accurate monitoring methods to obtain comprehensive data, making it difficult to provide detailed and reliable evidence for slope disaster prevention and control.

[0004] This invention designs a simulation test platform for the deformation and failure of reservoir excavation slopes under simulated rainfall to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test platform that can simulate the reservoir excavation process and rainfall conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technical solution:

[0007] A simulation test platform for deformation and failure of reservoir excavation slope under simulated rainfall includes a model box, an excavation simulation system, a rainfall simulation system, a monitoring system, a soil and water recovery system, and a control and display system.

[0008] The model box contains a frame and a soil layer. The frame includes a frame panel and a frame support. One end of the frame support is rotatably connected to one end of the frame panel, and the other end of the frame support is connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the model box. The other end of the frame panel is rotatably connected to the bottom of the model box. The soil layer is located above the frame panel.

[0009] The excavation simulation system and the rainfall simulation system are both installed inside the top of the model box. The monitoring system is installed in the frame and soil layer. The water and soil recovery system is connected to the bottom of the model box. The control and display system is electrically connected to the excavation simulation system, the rainfall simulation system and the monitoring system, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, four frame hinges are installed on the frame panel, two of which are connected to the upper end of the frame support, and the other two are connected to the bottom end of the model box.

[0011] Furthermore, the frame hinge includes upper and lower leaf pieces and pins. The upper and lower leaf pieces are rotatably connected by the pins. All four upper leaf pieces are fixedly connected to the frame panel. Two of the lower leaf pieces are fixedly connected to the upper end of the frame support, and the other two lower leaf pieces are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the model box.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the inner wall of the model box is provided with several horizontally arranged recesses, and the lower end of the frame support can be inserted into the recesses.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the inner wall of the model box is inclined, and an opening is provided on one side of the lower end of the model box, with the water and soil recycling system connected to the opening of the model box.

[0014] Furthermore, the model box is made of transparent acrylic material, and the side walls of the model box are engraved with graduated grid lines.

[0015] Furthermore, the excavation simulation system includes a bucket, a robotic arm, and a fixed base. The fixed base is installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the model box, the robotic arm is installed on the fixed base with its head facing the frame, and the bucket is installed on the head of the robotic arm.

[0016] Furthermore, the rainfall simulation system includes a rainfall simulation device, a water supply tank, and a water pump. The rainfall simulation device is installed on the upper part of the inner wall and is located above the frame. One or more nozzles are installed inside the rainfall simulation device. The water supply tank is connected to the rainfall simulation device, and the water pump is connected to the water supply tank.

[0017] Furthermore, the monitoring system includes stress-strain sensors, seepage sensors, and slope displacement sensors. The stress-strain sensors and seepage sensors are embedded inside the soil and rock layers, while the slope displacement sensors are installed on the soil and rock layers.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a high-speed camera, which is installed on the inner wall of the model box and faces the soil layer.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. This utility model can accurately simulate the coupled working conditions of excavation and rainfall. Through adjustable slope, diversified monitoring methods and flexible operation design, it can realize dynamic observation of slope deformation and failure under complex geological conditions, and provide a highly simulated test platform for reservoir slope stability research. It has the advantages of accurate working condition simulation, comprehensive monitoring and wide application.

[0021] 2. By accurately simulating excavation, rainfall, and reservoir water level changes, complex working conditions are realistically reproduced, making the test results more consistent with actual engineering scenarios and possessing the advantage of high simulation.

[0022] 3. The combination of multiple types of sensors with high-speed cameras enables comprehensive monitoring from microscopic changes inside the slope to macroscopic dynamics of the slope surface, providing detailed data for research and achieving all-round monitoring capabilities.

[0023] 4. The design of robotic arms and rainfall simulation devices facilitates the adjustment of test parameters, adapts to diverse research needs, and helps to explore slope stability issues under different conditions in depth.

[0024] 5. It is not only applicable to slope stability studies in geotechnical engineering and water conservancy and hydropower engineering, but also to slope deformation and failure studies in other related engineering fields, making it widely used. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the metal frame, soil layer, and monitoring sensor of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the metal frame structure of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the simulated excavation system of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 This is the front view of the hinge of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a side view of the hinge of this utility model.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Model box; 2. Excavation simulation system; 3. Rainfall simulation system; 4. Monitoring system; 5. Soil and water recovery system; 6. Control and display system; 11. Frame; 111. Frame panel; 112. Frame hinge; 113. Frame support; 12. Soil and rock layer; 13. Model box opening; 191. Recess; 21. Bucket; 22. Robotic arm; 23. Fixed base; 31. Rainfall simulation device; 32. Water supply tank; 33. Water pump; 41. Stress and strain sensor; 42. Seepage sensor; 43. Slope displacement sensor; 44. High-speed camera; 1121. Upper page; 1122. Lower page; 1123. Pin. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments or drawings are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0033] A simulation test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it includes model box 1, excavation simulation system 2, rainfall simulation system 3, monitoring system 4, soil and water recycling system 5, and control and display system 6.

[0034] The model box 1 is equipped with a frame 11 and a soil layer 12. The frame 11 includes a frame panel 111 and a frame support 113. The top of the frame support 113 is rotatably connected to the left end of the frame panel 111, the bottom end of the frame support 113 is connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the model box 1, the right end of the frame panel 111 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the model box 1, and the soil layer 12 is located above the frame panel 111.

[0035] The inclined frame panel 111 and the soil layer 12 are used to simulate the slope. By changing the position of the bottom end of the frame support 113 on the model box 1, the inclination angle of the frame panel 111 is changed, thereby changing the slope of the simulated slope.

[0036] The soil and rock layer 12 can be made from soil and rock raw materials collected on site or from soil and rock bodies prepared with similar materials after on-site material testing. Different lengths and widths can be set on the metal frame according to the on-site proportions, and different numbers of layers can be configured. In addition to reproducing the on-site geological conditions, soil and rock bodies 12 slopes containing geological structures such as faults and interlayers can also be configured to conduct slope stability studies on related structures.

[0037] Excavation simulation system 2 and rainfall simulation system 3 are both installed inside the top of model box 1. Monitoring system 4 is installed at frame 11 and soil layer 12. Soil and water recovery system 5 is connected to the bottom of model box 1. Control and display system 6 is electrically connected to excavation simulation system 2, rainfall simulation system 3 and monitoring system 4 respectively.

[0038] Four frame hinges 112 are installed on the frame panel 111, two of which are connected to the upper end of the frame bracket 113, and the other two are connected to the bottom end of the model box 1.

[0039] The frame hinge 112 includes an upper page piece 1121, a lower page piece 1122, and a pin 1123. The upper page piece 1121 and the lower page piece 1122 are rotatably connected by the pin 1123. All four upper page pieces 1121 are fixedly connected to the frame panel 111. Two of the lower page pieces 1122 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the frame support 113, and the other two lower page pieces 1122 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the model box 1.

[0040] The bottom of the inner wall of the model box 1 is provided with multiple horizontally arranged recesses 191. The lower end of the frame support 113 can be inserted into the recesses 191. The closer the recesses 191 into which the lower end of the frame support 113 is inserted are to the left end of the frame panel 111, the smaller the angle between the frame panel 111 and the horizontal plane. The closer the recesses 191 into which the lower end of the frame support 113 is inserted are to the right end of the frame panel 111, the larger the angle between the frame panel 111 and the horizontal plane, that is, the larger the slope simulated by the frame panel 111.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the lower end of the inner wall of model box 1 is inclined, and the horizontal height of the right side area of ​​the lower end of the inner wall of model box 1 is lower than that of the left side area. A model box opening 13 is provided on the lower right side of model box 1. The soil and water recycling system 5 is connected to the model box opening 13. The soil and water generated by rainfall simulation or excavation simulation will reach the model box opening 13 along the lower end face of the inner wall of model box 1 under the action of gravity.

[0042] Model box 1 is made of high-strength transparent acrylic material. The side wall of model box 1 is engraved with scaled grid lines, which can be used to visually observe the changes of the soil and rock layer 12 on the frame 11.

[0043] The excavation simulation system 2 includes a bucket 21, a robotic arm 22 and a fixed base 23. The fixed base 23 is installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the model box 1. The robotic arm 22 is installed on the fixed base 23 with its head facing the frame 11 and the bucket 21 is installed on the head of the robotic arm 22.

[0044] The robotic arm 22 is a CNC-controlled robotic arm, and the bucket 21 is interchangeable. It can perform excavation operations on the soil and rock layer 12 in different ways and at different depths according to a preset program, simulating the excavation process in actual reservoir construction. The force feedback data during the excavation process can be transmitted to the control and display system 6 in real time. The bucket 21 can be made of tools of different sizes, shapes, and uses, such as standard buckets, rock buckets, and grab buckets, to realize functions such as excavation and transportation.

[0045] The rainfall simulation system 3 includes a rainfall simulation device 31, a water supply tank 32, and a water pump 33. The rainfall simulation device 31 is installed on the upper part of the inner wall and is located above the frame 11. One or more nozzles are installed inside the rainfall simulation device 31. The water supply tank 32 is connected to the rainfall simulation device 31, and the water pump 33 is connected to the water supply tank 32.

[0046] The rainfall simulation device 31 can cover the entire metal frame 11 with its spray rainfall range. The nozzles inside the rainfall simulation device 31 can adjust the angle, water output and water output time, and can simulate rainfall processes of different intensities and directions. It is connected to the control and display system 6.

[0047] The monitoring system 4 includes a stress-strain sensor 41, a seepage sensor 42, and a slope displacement sensor 43. The stress-strain sensor 41 and the seepage sensor 42 are buried inside the soil and rock layer 12, and the slope displacement sensor 43 is installed on the soil and rock layer 12. The slope displacement sensor 43 is a laser displacement sensor. It also includes a high-speed camera 44, which is installed on the inner side of the model box 1 and faces the soil and rock layer 12.

[0048] The stress-strain sensor 41, seepage sensor 42, slope displacement sensor 43, and high-speed camera 44 are present in one or more devices.

[0049] The stress-strain sensor 41 can be buried at different depths and locations in the soil layer 12 and transmits the stress and deformation data of the soil inside the soil layer 12 to the control and display system 6 in real time via wireless transmission.

[0050] The seepage sensor 42 is set along the seepage path between the simulated reservoir and the slope and inside the soil layer to monitor key parameters such as seepage pressure and flow velocity, reflect the changes in the seepage field under rainfall infiltration, and transmit the data to the control and display system 6.

[0051] The slope displacement sensor 43 is arranged on the slope of the soil and rock layer 12 to capture the displacement dynamics of each point on the slope with high precision, record the entire process of deformation and failure of the slope of the soil and rock layer 12 from a macroscopic perspective, and transmit the data to the control and display system 6.

[0052] The high-speed camera 44 has a high shooting frame rate. If multiple high-speed cameras 44 are configured, the high-speed cameras 44 can visualize and record the deformation and failure phenomena of the soil and rock layer 12 from different directions, providing intuitive image data for subsequent in-depth analysis, and transmitting the data to the control and display system 6.

[0053] The number and arrangement of the aforementioned stress-strain sensors 41, seepage sensors 42, and slope displacement sensors 43 can be adjusted according to the soil and rock layer 12 to be simulated and the project to ensure that key data can be monitored.

[0054] The number and placement of the high-speed cameras 44 can be adjusted according to the soil and rock layers 12 to be simulated and the project. Usually, one camera is placed on the right side of the inner wall of the model box and another on the front side of the inner wall of the model box to take pictures and record the front and side views of the slope.

[0055] The soil and water recycling system 5 is used to collect soil and water materials washed down from the model box 1 due to simulated rainfall or excavation conditions.

[0056] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0057] Step S1) Prepare geotechnical materials

[0058] Geological materials from the actual engineering site can be used in proportion, or relevant geotechnical materials intended for scientific research can be used.

[0059] Step S2) Adjust the slope gradient

[0060] The slope of the slope to be simulated can be adjusted using the frame panel 111 and the frame support 113.

[0061] Step S3) Configure the slope

[0062] The prepared soil and rock materials are laid on the frame panel 111 according to the geological conditions of the required simulated project. The layering, width, length, thickness, and non-uniformity are freely controlled to form the soil and rock layer 12.

[0063] Step S4) Deploy the monitoring system

[0064] The stress-strain sensor 41, seepage sensor 42, slope displacement sensor 43 and high-speed camera 44 of the monitoring system 4 are arranged and connected in a targeted manner according to the configured slope.

[0065] Step S4) Turn on the power, initialize the system, and start the monitoring system.

[0066] Turn on the power and check the working status of each component through the control and display system 6. After confirming that it is safe and fault-free, start the monitoring system 4.

[0067] Step S5) Simulate and monitor rainfall conditions

[0068] Based on pre-calculated rainfall conditions such as rainfall direction, rainfall amount, rainfall time, and rainfall area, the rainfall simulation device 31 is controlled to carry out rainfall through the control and display system 6, and the rainfall is monitored through the monitoring system.

[0069] Step S6) Simulate and monitor excavation conditions

[0070] According to the pre-designed excavation conditions, the corresponding bucket 21 is selected, and the robotic arm 22 is controlled by the control and display system 6 to carry out excavation, and the monitoring is carried out by the monitoring system 4.

[0071] Step S7) Remove the monitoring instrument and clear away water, soil, and other materials.

[0072] After the test is completed, the power supply to each component is turned off, the stress strain sensor 41, seepage sensor 42 and slope displacement sensor 43 are taken out, and then the soil and water materials in the model box 1 are cleaned.

[0073] Step S8) Organize and process the data.

[0074] The control and display system 6 is used to process the data. After the process is complete, the system is shut down to prepare for the next test.

[0075] Furthermore, steps S5) and S6) can be combined to achieve various working conditions by adjusting their order, such as simulating rainfall first and then simulating excavation, simulating excavation first and then simulating rainfall, excavating while rainfall occurs, or rainfall occurs first, then excavation, and then rainfall occurs again, etc.

[0076] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A simulation test platform for the deformation and failure of a reservoir excavation slope under simulated rainfall, characterized in that: It includes a model box (1), an excavation simulation system (2), a rainfall simulation system (3), a monitoring system (4), a soil and water recycling system (5), and a control and display system (6). The model box (1) is equipped with a frame (11) and a soil layer (12). The frame (11) includes a frame panel (111) and a frame support (113). One end of the frame support (113) is rotatably connected to one end of the frame panel (111), and the other end of the frame support (113) is connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the model box (1). The other end of the frame panel (111) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the model box (1). The soil layer (12) is located above the frame panel (111). The excavation simulation system (2) and the rainfall simulation system (3) are both installed inside the top of the model box (1). The monitoring system (4) is installed at the frame (11) and the soil and rock layer (12). The soil and water recycling system (5) is connected to the bottom of the model box (1). The control and display system (6) is connected to the excavation simulation system (2), the rainfall simulation system (3), and the monitoring system (4) respectively.

2. The simulated test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Four frame hinges (112) are installed on the frame panel (111), two of which are connected to the upper end of the frame support (113), and the other two are connected to the bottom end of the model box (1).

3. The simulated test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The frame hinge (112) includes an upper page piece (1121), a lower page piece (1122), and a pin (1123). The upper page piece (1121) and the lower page piece (1122) are rotatably connected by the pin (1123). All four upper page pieces (1121) are fixedly connected to the frame panel (111). Two of the lower page pieces (1122) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the frame support (113), and the other two lower page pieces (1122) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the model box (1).

4. The simulated test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner wall of the model box (1) is provided with several horizontally arranged recesses (191), and the lower end of the frame support (113) can be inserted into the recesses (191).

5. The simulated test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the inner wall of the model box (1) is inclined, and a model box opening (13) is provided on one side of the lower end of the model box (1). The soil and water recycling system (5) is connected to the model box opening (13).

6. The simulated test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The model box (1) is made of transparent acrylic material, and the side wall of the model box (1) is engraved with scaled grid lines.

7. The simulated test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The excavation simulation system (2) includes a bucket (21), a robotic arm (22) and a fixed base (23). The fixed base (23) is installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the model box (1), the robotic arm (22) is installed on the fixed base (23), the head of the robotic arm (22) faces the frame (11), and the bucket (21) is installed on the head of the robotic arm (22).

8. The simulated test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The rainfall simulation system (3) includes a rainfall simulation device (31), a water supply tank (32) and a water pump (33). The rainfall simulation device (31) is installed on the upper part of the inner wall and is located above the frame (11). One or more nozzles are installed inside the rainfall simulation device (31). The water supply tank (32) is connected to the rainfall simulation device (31), and the water pump (33) is connected to the water supply tank (32).

9. The simulated test platform for deformation and failure of reservoir excavation slope under simulated rainfall as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring system (4) includes a stress-strain sensor (41), a seepage sensor (42), and a slope displacement sensor (43). The stress-strain sensor (41) and the seepage sensor (42) are buried inside the soil layer (12), and the slope displacement sensor (43) is installed on the soil layer (12).

10. The simulated test platform for reservoir excavation slope deformation and failure under simulated rainfall as described in claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a high-speed camera (44), which is mounted on the inner side of the model box (1) and faces the soil layer (12).

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