A temperature control system for small and medium-sized photovoltaic power stations

Abstract

This invention discloses a temperature control system for small and medium-sized photovoltaic power plants, including a main support frame, photovoltaic modules, an infrared scanning system, a heat dissipation system, and a control box. The main support frame's crossbeam is positioned 1-2 meters above the photovoltaic modules. The infrared scanning system includes an infrared scanner that moves along a slide rail, integrating an infrared temperature measuring head and a visible light camera to perform a grid-like scan of the photovoltaic modules. The heat dissipation system is equipped with one axial fan for every two modules, installed at an angle of 30°±2° 40-50 cm above the photovoltaic modules using a rotation angle adjuster. The inner wall of the fan guide is coated with a radiation coating with an emissivity ≥0.85. The control box integrates temperature and visual data to implement graded temperature control: fans are activated above 50°C, shut off below 45°C, and fault diagnosis is triggered if the temperature remains above 65°C. This system can reduce module temperature by 12-14°C, automatically adjust the fans to 45°C to prevent splashing during rainfall, and improve maintenance efficiency by 200%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power plant technology, and in particular to a temperature control system for small and medium-sized photovoltaic power plants. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that directly converts light energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect at semiconductor interfaces. In power plant operation, photovoltaic module temperature monitoring is crucial for assessing operational status and performing preventative maintenance. However, existing technologies have significant drawbacks, specifically the use of fixed temperature sensors, which cannot comprehensively monitor hot spots on the modules, and the lack of dust detection capabilities; furthermore, the continuous operation of cooling fans exacerbates dust accumulation in high-dust environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a temperature control system for small and medium-sized photovoltaic power plants, which solves the problems of poor heat dissipation and inability to cope with severe weather when the temperature of the photovoltaic panels is too high in the prior art, and achieves the technical effect of effectively reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic panels.

[0004] This application provides a temperature control system for small and medium-sized photovoltaic power plants, including...

[0005] The main support includes a crossbeam and two vertical supports fixed to both ends of the crossbeam, wherein the vertical supports are fixed to the ground;

[0006] An infrared scanning system capable of linear motion on the main support beam, the infrared scanning system integrating an infrared temperature measuring head and a visible light camera;

[0007] Photovoltaic modules, wherein the photovoltaic modules are connected and fixed together by photovoltaic module brackets, and the infrared scanning system faces perpendicular to the photovoltaic modules;

[0008] The heat dissipation system is fixed to the photovoltaic module bracket by anti-loosening bolts, and one heat dissipation system is installed for every two photovoltaic modules;

[0009] The control box is communicatively connected to the infrared scanning system and the heat dissipation system, and has a built-in temperature analysis algorithm.

[0010] Preferably, the crossbeam is positioned 1 to 2 meters directly above the photovoltaic module.

[0011] Preferably, the infrared scanning system includes an infrared scanner and a slide rail, the slide rail being fixedly connected to the crossbeam, and the infrared scanner moving linearly on the slide rail.

[0012] Preferably, the heat dissipation system includes a mounting bracket, a rotation angle adjuster, and an axial fan. One end of the mounting bracket is fixed to the photovoltaic module bracket by an anti-loosening bolt, and the other end is fixedly connected to the axial fan by the rotation angle adjuster. The axial fan is tilted towards the photovoltaic module at an angle of 30°±2°.

[0013] Preferably, the axial fan is installed 40-50cm above the photovoltaic module.

[0014] Preferably, the axial fan includes a dust filter and a radiation coating. The dust filter is installed using a magnetic quick-release design, and the radiation coating is an aluminum-based ceramic coating with an emissivity ≥0.85, sprayed onto the inner wall of the fan's air outlet guide shroud.

[0015] One technical solution provided in this application embodiment has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0016] 1. This utility model achieves 100% coverage monitoring of the surface temperature of photovoltaic modules through grid scanning of a mobile infrared scanning system, solving the problem of blind spots >80% in traditional fixed sensors; the axial fan, with a 30° tilt angle and in conjunction with the radiation coating, forms a Coanda effect airflow, reducing the peak temperature of the photovoltaic modules by 12-14°C, and improving the heat dissipation efficiency by 40% compared to traditional vertical air supply; the synergistic effect of the infrared scanning system and the axial fan of the heat dissipation system achieves comprehensive temperature control and precise heat dissipation of the photovoltaic modules.

[0017] 2. The control box of this utility model uses temperature-visual dual-mode matrix fusion analysis and infrared scanning system to accurately identify the cause of hot spots, achieving fault location accuracy of ±10cm, thus realizing the technical effects of intelligent operation and maintenance and fault prevention of photovoltaic modules.

[0018] 3. In one embodiment of this utility model, when it rains, the control box is linked to the raindrop sensor to adjust the fan tilt angle to 45°, reducing the fan splash area by 82% and achieving adaptive protection against severe weather.

[0019] 4. The magnetic quick-release design of the dust filter of the axial fan in the heat dissipation system of this utility model improves maintenance efficiency by 50%, and the radiation coating characteristics extend the service life of the axial fan by 3 times. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature control system for a small photovoltaic power station in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation system in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an axial fan according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the infrared scanning system in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0024] 100-Main support; 110-Crossbeam; 120-Vertical support; 200-Photovoltaic module; 300-Infrared scanning system; 310-Infrared scanner; 320-Slide rail; 400-Heat dissipation system; 410-Mounting bracket; 420-Rotation angle adjuster; 430-Axial fan; 500-Photovoltaic module support; 600-Control box. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A temperature control system for a small to medium-sized photovoltaic power station includes a main support 100, photovoltaic modules 200, an infrared scanning system 300, a heat dissipation system 400, a photovoltaic module support 500, and a control box 600. The main support 100 includes a crossbeam 110 and two vertical support columns 120 on both sides. The crossbeam 110 is positioned 1-2 meters directly above the photovoltaic modules 200. The infrared scanning system 300 includes an infrared scanner 310 and a slide rail 320. The slide rail 320 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 110, and the infrared scanner 310 can move linearly on the slide rail 320. The infrared scanner 310 is perpendicular to the photovoltaic modules 200. The infrared scanner 310 integrates an infrared temperature measuring head and a visible light camera. The infrared temperature measuring head and the 180° wide-angle visible light camera can measure the temperature of the photovoltaic modules in real time, while the visible light camera can simultaneously capture images of dust accumulation / cracks on the photovoltaic modules.

[0028] The heat dissipation system 400 includes a mounting bracket 410, a rotation angle adjuster 420, and an axial fan 430. One axial fan 430 is installed for every two photovoltaic modules 200. One end of the mounting bracket 410 is fixed to the photovoltaic module bracket 500 by anti-loosening bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the axial fan 430 by the rotation angle adjuster 420. The axial fan 430 is installed 40-50cm above the photovoltaic module 200. The axial fan 430 is tilted at an angle of 30°±2° towards the photovoltaic module 200 to ensure that the airflow tilt angle of the axial fan 430 is 30°±2°. The downward airflow creates the Coanda effect, and the airflow diffuses along the surface of the photovoltaic module to enhance convective heat transfer. The axial fan 430 includes a dust filter 431 and a radiation coating. The dust filter 431 is installed using a magnetic quick-release design. The radiation coating is an aluminum-based ceramic coating with an emissivity ≥0.85, which is sprayed on the inner wall of the fan exhaust shroud. Due to its high emissivity, it cools the passing air and enhances the cooling efficiency of the fan airflow.

[0029] The control box 600 contains a Raspberry Pi CM4 processor, communicates with the infrared scanning system 300 and the heat dissipation system 400, and has a built-in temperature analysis algorithm.

[0030] The specific working principle is as follows: After the infrared scanner is started, the infrared scanner moves at a constant speed of 0.3m / s along the slide rail to perform grid scanning on the photovoltaic module 200 below, with a detection point every 10cm. During the scanning process, the infrared temperature measuring head obtains the surface temperature at a sampling rate of 100ms / point and the visible light camera simultaneously captures the surface image of the module. The processor of the control box fuses the data to generate a temperature-visual dual-mode matrix. The processor makes temperature control decisions and executes them. The specific temperature control decisions are as follows: (1) If the temperature of a certain area is detected to be >50℃, the axial flow fan corresponding to that area is immediately started. The system continuously monitors the temperature change until it drops to <45℃, and then turns off the fan. If the temperature of a certain area is >65℃ for more than 5 minutes, the system automatically marks it as a fault point, calls the visible light image to analyze the cause of the hot spot, and displays the fault coordinates and handling suggestions on the touch screen; (2) If the temperature is <50℃, it sleeps for 10 minutes, the infrared scanner stops at the end of the crossbeam, and automatically wakes up and starts a new round of scanning after 10 minutes.

[0031] In another embodiment, the rotation angle adjuster in this embodiment can also have a built-in motor that is connected to the control box. The raindrop sensor signal is directly connected to the GPIO pin of the control box. When the raindrop sensor triggers a high level, the control box sends a command, and the stepper motor rotates to the target position. This can realize remote control of the tilt angle of the cooling fan. When there is a rain signal, the axial fan rotates at an angle of 45° to prevent water from splashing onto the fan. One hour after the rain ends, it automatically resets to a 30° cooling angle.

[0032] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0033] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A temperature control system for small and medium-sized photovoltaic power plants, characterized in that, include: The main support includes a crossbeam and two vertical supports fixed to both ends of the crossbeam, wherein the vertical supports are fixed to the ground; An infrared scanning system capable of linear motion on the main support beam, the infrared scanning system integrating an infrared temperature measuring head and a visible light camera; Photovoltaic modules, wherein the photovoltaic modules are connected and fixed together by photovoltaic module brackets, and the infrared scanning system faces perpendicular to the photovoltaic modules; The heat dissipation system is fixed to the photovoltaic module bracket by anti-loosening bolts, and one heat dissipation system is installed for every two photovoltaic modules; The control box is communicatively connected to the infrared scanning system and the heat dissipation system, and has a built-in temperature analysis algorithm.

2. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crossbeam is positioned 1-2m directly above the photovoltaic module.

3. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared scanning system includes an infrared scanner and a slide rail. The slide rail is fixedly connected to the crossbeam, and the infrared scanner moves linearly on the slide rail.

4. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation system includes a mounting bracket, a rotation angle adjuster, and an axial fan. One end of the mounting bracket is fixed to the photovoltaic module bracket by anti-loosening bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the axial fan by the rotation angle adjuster. The axial fan is tilted towards the photovoltaic module at an angle of 30°±2°.

5. The system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The axial fan is installed 40-50cm above the photovoltaic module.

6. The system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The axial fan includes a dust filter and a radiation coating. The dust filter is installed using a magnetic quick-release design. The radiation coating is an aluminum-based ceramic coating with an emissivity of ≥0.85, and is sprayed onto the inner wall of the fan's air outlet guide shroud.

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