Battery shell explosion-proof structure, explosion-proof sheet and explosion-proof battery shell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery shell explosion -proof structure, explosion -proof sheet and explosion -proof battery shell. Battery shell explosion -proof structure includes: flaky base body, flaky base body has the first surface and second surface of setting back to along the thickness direction of self, first surface is provided with recess structure, second surface is provided with explosion -proof score, in the thickness direction of flaky base body, the orthographic projection area of explosion -proof score is completely located in the orthographic projection area of recess structure. The utility model embodiment provides a kind of battery shell explosion -proof structure, and explosion -proof value drift is little, can overcome the problem that the instability of conventional battery shell thermal runaway burst pressure and forming process is not easy to realize.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an explosion-proof battery casing structure, an explosion-proof sheet, and an explosion-proof battery casing, belonging to the technical field of explosion-proof battery casings. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in new energy vehicles, energy storage systems, and consumer electronics, the risk of thermal runaway due to their high energy density is becoming increasingly prominent. Under conditions of overcharging, short circuits, or high temperatures, the decomposition of the internal electrolyte can generate a large amount of gas, leading to a sudden increase in internal pressure and potentially causing an explosion or fire. To mitigate this risk, explosion-proof structures are widely used in battery casing or top cover designs, allowing for pressure release through controlled rupture.

[0003] Existing methods involve scoring the casing or using explosion-proof valves for pressure release. Both methods reduce material strength through special shapes, causing partial cracking to relieve pressure once the internal pressure rises to a specified range. However, current scored or special structures exhibit significant variations in burst pressure. This is primarily due to the extremely small residual thickness of the scored areas, typically less than 0.1 mm, making it difficult to achieve the required precision in manufacturing and resulting in poor consistency during mass production. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an explosion-proof battery casing structure, an explosion-proof sheet, and an explosion-proof battery casing, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model includes:

[0006] The first aspect of this utility model provides a battery casing explosion-proof structure, which includes: a sheet-like substrate, the sheet-like substrate having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its own thickness direction, the first surface being provided with a groove structure, and the second surface being provided with explosion-proof markings, wherein the orthographic projection area of ​​the explosion-proof markings is completely located within the orthographic projection area of ​​the groove structure in the thickness direction of the sheet-like substrate.

[0007] A second aspect of this utility model provides an explosion-proof sheet having the aforementioned battery casing explosion-proof structure.

[0008] A third aspect of this utility model embodiment provides an explosion-proof battery housing, the explosion-proof battery housing having the aforementioned explosion-proof battery housing structure.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model include:

[0010] This utility model provides a battery casing explosion-proof structure that enhances the stability of battery thermal runaway explosion through explosion-proof markings and a specific groove structure. It can achieve a smaller explosion value with a larger residual thickness, and is relatively easy to implement in terms of process. Furthermore, the battery casing explosion-proof structure provided by this utility model provides less explosion value drift, which can overcome the problems of unstable thermal runaway explosion pressure and difficult molding process of conventional battery casings. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an explosion-proof battery casing provided in a typical embodiment of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of an explosion-proof sheet provided in a typical embodiment of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of an explosion-proof battery casing provided in a typical embodiment of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a typical explosion-proof battery casing provided in a typical embodiment of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the structure of an explosion-proof battery casing provided in a typical embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventor of this case, through long-term research and extensive practice, has come up with the technical solution of this utility model. The following will further explain the technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles.

[0018] The first aspect of this utility model provides a battery casing explosion-proof structure, which includes: a sheet-like substrate, the sheet-like substrate having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its own thickness direction, the first surface being provided with a groove structure, and the second surface being provided with explosion-proof markings, wherein the orthographic projection area of ​​the explosion-proof markings is completely located within the orthographic projection area of ​​the groove structure in the thickness direction of the sheet-like substrate.

[0019] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the explosion-proof groove along its width direction is trapezoidal.

[0020] Furthermore, the trapezoidal opening angle of the explosion-proof groove is α, 0°. <a≤120°。

[0021] Furthermore, the bottom width of the explosion-proof groove is L2, where 0mm < L2 ≤ 5mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the thickness of the sheet-like substrate between the explosion-proof groove and the groove structure is L1, 0.04 mm. <L1≤0.5mm。

[0023] Furthermore, the explosion-proof markings are closed or open ring structures.

[0024] Furthermore, the explosion-proof markings are closed circular, elliptical, or polygonal ring structures, or the explosion-proof markings are arc-shaped structures.

[0025] Furthermore, the explosion-proof markings are C-shaped.

[0026] Furthermore, the first surface includes a central region and a peripheral region surrounding the central region, wherein a portion of the central region is the groove structure, or the entire central region is the groove structure.

[0027] Furthermore, the depth of the groove structure does not exceed 1 / 2 of the thickness of the sheet-like substrate.

[0028] Furthermore, the groove structure has the same or similar planar shape as the explosion-proof markings.

[0029] A second aspect of this utility model provides an explosion-proof sheet having the aforementioned battery casing explosion-proof structure.

[0030] A second aspect of this utility model provides an explosion-proof battery housing, the explosion-proof battery housing having the aforementioned explosion-proof structure.

[0031] Furthermore, the explosion-proof battery housing includes a battery housing and an explosion-proof sheet. The explosion-proof sheet has the explosion-proof structure of the battery housing. The battery housing is provided with an explosion-proof window. The explosion-proof sheet is fixedly connected to the battery housing and covers the explosion-proof window. Alternatively, the battery housing and the explosion-proof sheet are integrally formed.

[0032] The following will provide a further explanation of the technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation examples.

[0033] In a more typical implementation scheme, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, An explosion-proof battery case, which includes a battery case 10 and an explosion-proof sheet 13. An explosion-proof window is provided on the battery case 10, and the explosion-proof sheet 13 is fixedly arranged on the battery case 10 and covers the explosion-proof window. Among them, the explosion-proof sheet 13 includes a sheet-shaped substrate, and the sheet-shaped substrate has a first surface and a second surface arranged back to back along its own thickness direction. A groove structure 132 is provided on the first surface, and an explosion-proof notch 131 is provided on the second surface. In the thickness direction of the sheet-shaped substrate, the orthographic projection area of the explosion-proof notch 131 is completely located within the orthographic projection area of the groove structure 132. Among them, the first surface is the surface facing away from the internal accommodation chamber of the battery case 10, and the second surface is the surface facing the internal accommodation chamber of the battery case 10.

[0034] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 , The cross-sectional shape of the explosion-proof notch 131 along its own width direction is trapezoidal, the trapezoidal opening angle of the explosion-proof notch 131 is a, 0° < a ≤ 120°, and the bottom width of the explosion-proof notch 131 is L2, 0 mm < L2 ≤ 5 mm. It can be understood that the trapezoidal opening angle of the explosion-proof notch 131 is actually the included angle formed by two side walls arranged oppositely along its own width direction.

[0035] Specifically, the explosion-proof notch 131 and the groove structure 132 are arranged back to back along the thickness direction of the sheet-shaped substrate. The bottom surface of the explosion-proof notch 131 is parallel to the bottom of the groove structure 132. The thickness of the sheet-shaped substrate between the explosion-proof notch 131 and the groove structure 132 is L1, 0.04 mm < L1 < 0.5 mm. It can be understood that the thickness L1 of the sheet-shaped substrate between the explosion-proof notch 131 and the groove structure 132 is the distance between the bottom surface of the explosion-proof notch 131 and the bottom of the groove structure 132. Through such a design, by restricting the bottom width, opening angle of the explosion-proof notch, and the shape and depth of the corresponding groove structure, the residual thickness of the explosion-proof notch can be increased during design, and a good consistency of the blasting value can be achieved.

[0036] Specifically, the first surface includes a middle area and a peripheral area distributed around the middle area. A part of the middle area is the groove structure 132, as Figure 2 shown, or, the entire middle area is the groove structure 132, as Figure 3 shown. That is, the groove structure 132 can be obtained by thinning a circular area from the first surface of the sheet-shaped substrate, or can be obtained by overall thinning the middle area of a circle or other polygons from the first surface of the sheet-shaped substrate. Specifically, the explosion-proof notch 131 is a closed or non-closed ring structure. More specifically, the explosion-proof notch 131 is a closed circular ring, elliptical ring or polygonal ring structure, or, the explosion-proof notch 131 is an arc structure. As a typical implementation manner, the explosion-proof notch 131 is as Figure 4 The C-shaped structure is shown. Specifically, the groove structure 132 may have the same or similar planar shape as the explosion-proof marking 131, that is, the groove structure 132 is a closed or non-closed annular structure with a shape similar to the explosion-proof marking 131.

[0037] For details, please refer to Figure 5 The battery casing 10 may include a casing body 11 and a top cover 12. The casing body 11 and the top cover 12 may be integrally formed using a known integral molding process, or the casing body 11 and the top cover 12 may be fixed by welding or other methods. The casing body 11 and the top cover 12 together form a receiving cavity for encapsulating the battery cell. Specifically, an explosion-proof plate 13 may be disposed on the casing body 11 and / or the top cover 12, that is, the explosion-proof plate 13 may be integral with the casing body 11 or the top cover 12, or the explosion-proof plate 13 may be joined to a reserved position on the casing body 11 or the top cover 12 by known fixing methods such as welding.

[0038] This utility model provides a battery casing explosion-proof structure that enhances the stability of battery thermal runaway explosion through explosion-proof markings and a specific groove structure. It achieves a smaller explosion value even with a larger residual thickness, is relatively easy to manufacture, and exhibits less explosion value drift, overcoming the problems of unstable thermal runaway explosion pressure and difficult-to-manufacture processes associated with conventional battery casings. It should be noted that, according to material mechanics theory, an increase in residual thickness necessarily leads to an increase in explosion value. However, given a fixed explosion value requirement, this utility model can increase the residual thickness without altering the explosion value. Furthermore, a larger residual thickness ensures greater manufacturing precision and guarantees consistency in mass-produced products.

[0039] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery casing explosion-proof structure, characterized in that, Comprising: A sheet-like substrate having a first surface and a second surface disposed back-to-back in the thickness direction of the substrate itself. The first surface is provided with a groove structure, and the second surface is provided with an explosion-proof notch. In the thickness direction of the sheet-like substrate, the orthographic projection area of the explosion-proof notch is completely located within the orthographic projection area of the groove structure.

2. The explosion-proof battery casing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the explosion-proof notch along its width direction is trapezoidal.

3. The explosion-proof battery casing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The trapezoidal opening angle of the explosion-proof notch is a, 0° < a ≤ 120°; and / or, the bottom width of the explosion-proof notch is L2, 0 mm < L2 ≤ 5 mm.

4. The explosion-proof battery casing structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the sheet-like substrate between the explosion-proof notch and the groove structure is L1, 0.04 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 0.5 mm.

5. The explosion-proof battery casing structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The explosion-proof notch is a closed or non-closed ring structure.

6. The explosion-proof battery casing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The explosion-proof notch is a closed circular ring, elliptical ring or polygonal ring structure, or the explosion-proof notch is an arc structure; and / or, the explosion-proof notch is a C-shaped structure.

7. The explosion-proof battery casing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first surface includes a middle region and a peripheral region distributed around the middle region. A part of the middle region is the groove structure, or the entire middle region is the groove structure; and / or, the depth of the groove structure does not exceed 1 / 2 of the thickness of the sheet-like substrate; and / or, the groove structure has the same or similar planar shape as the explosion-proof notch.

8. An explosion-proof sheet, characterized in that, The explosion-proof sheet has the battery case explosion-proof structure according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. An explosion-proof battery casing, characterized in that: The explosion-proof battery case has the battery case explosion-proof structure according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. The explosion-proof battery casing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The explosion-proof battery case includes a battery case and an explosion-proof sheet. The explosion-proof sheet has the battery case explosion-proof structure according to any one of claims 1-7. An explosion-proof window is provided on the battery case. The explosion-proof sheet is fixedly connected to the battery case and covers the explosion-proof window, or the battery case and the explosion-proof sheet are integrally formed.

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