Dust removal device for an expansion furnace
By using a multi-stage separation device and a vibration cleaning mechanism, the problems of complex, bulky, and difficult-to-maintain dust treatment equipment for expansion furnaces have been solved, achieving efficient dust separation and reducing operating costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HENAN JIEYUAN NEW BUILDING MATERIALS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing expansion furnaces have complex, bulky, and difficult-to-maintain dust treatment equipment, and bag filters are prone to clogging, which increases operating costs.
A multi-stage separation device is adopted, including a centrifugal separation section, an inertial collision separation section, and a filtration and adsorption section. Combined with a vibration cleaning mechanism, particles of different sizes are separated by centrifugal force, inertial collision, and filtration and adsorption. The particles are cleaned by a vibration motor, forming a multi-stage collision surface to extend the residence time of the particles. Continuous ash separation is achieved through cleaning by the vibration motor.
It achieves efficient and economical separation of particles through multi-stage collision surface extension, solving the problems of large equipment footprint and frequent maintenance in existing technologies, and significantly reducing the risk of bag clogging and operating costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224474835U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of expansion furnace structure technology, specifically to an expansion furnace dust removal device. Background Technology
[0002] Expanded perlite is a natural acidic glassy volcanic lava, a non-metallic mineral, encompassing perlite, pitchstone, and obsidian, differing only in their water of crystallization content. Because it rapidly expands in volume 4 to 30 times under high-temperature conditions of 1000–1300℃, it is collectively referred to as expanded perlite. Expanded perlite can be used as a filter, catalyst, molecular sieve, and carrier for rubber, fertilizers, and pesticides. It is widely used in construction, metallurgy, petroleum, machinery, light industry, hydropower, casting, pharmaceuticals, food, agriculture, forestry, and horticulture.
[0003] Perlite expansion furnaces are specialized equipment for producing perlite vitrified microspheres. Their operation generates significant amounts of dust, which can severely impact air quality. During production, a Roots blower typically draws the dust out, which is then filtered to separate large and fine particles before being released into the atmosphere through a baghouse dust collector. However, baghouse dust collectors and their associated structures require a large footprint, necessitating the simultaneous operation of numerous collectors to achieve optimal dust suppression. Furthermore, even after the initial filters remove large particles, the exhaust gas still contains a considerable number of medium-sized particles. These particles, entering the baghouse dust collectors at relatively high concentrations, easily cause rapid blockage and require frequent pulse oscillation and bag replacement, increasing maintenance workload and significantly raising operating costs for the user. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a dust removal device for an expansion furnace, so as to solve the problems of complex, bulky and difficult-to-maintain equipment for purifying exhaust gas from expansion furnaces in the prior art.
[0005] To solve the above problems, the dust removal device for the expansion furnace involved in this utility model adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] The expansion furnace dust removal device includes a centrifugal separation section connected in sequence for introducing waste gas and centrifugally separating large particles, having a first air inlet, a first exhaust outlet, and a first dust outlet; an inertial collision separation section for introducing waste gas output from the first exhaust outlet and further colliding and separating medium particles; a filtration and adsorption section for introducing waste gas and separating fine particles from the gas; and a dust removal assembly arranged below the centrifugal separation section and the inertial collision separation section for receiving the separated dust.
[0007] The inertial collision separation section includes a housing with a second air inlet, a second exhaust outlet, and a second dust outlet, wherein the first exhaust outlet is connected to the second air inlet; multiple vertically spaced baffles are arranged side by side inside the housing, and a collision channel is formed between two adjacent baffles, the collision channel is connected to the second air inlet and the second exhaust outlet, and the bottom of the collision channel is connected to the second dust outlet; a vibration mechanism is drivenly connected to the baffles to vibrate and clean up medium particles and drop them into the second dust outlet.
[0008] Furthermore, the baffle includes multiple parallel sections arranged parallel to the communication direction of the second air inlet and the second dust outlet; multiple bent sections at a set angle to the parallel sections to generate an inclined collision with the parallel-entering exhaust gas; each parallel section and each bent section are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the collision channel forms multiple collision surfaces along the communication direction.
[0009] Furthermore, the bending angle of the bending segment is between 30 and 60 degrees, and the bending angle of at least one bending segment is greater than the bending angle of the other bending segments.
[0010] Furthermore, the baffle is formed by bending a single plate into a structural shape.
[0011] Furthermore, the filtration and adsorption section includes a filter box, which has a third air inlet and a third exhaust outlet, and a filtration and adsorption structure is provided inside the filter box.
[0012] Furthermore, the expansion furnace dust removal device includes a box-type protective shell, one end of which has an exhaust gas inlet and the other end has an exhaust gas outlet. The exhaust gas inlet is connected to the centrifugal separation section, and the exhaust gas outlet is connected to the filtration and adsorption section.
[0013] Furthermore, the centrifugal separation section includes a cyclone separator, with a first dust discharge port arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator and extending downwards side by side with a second dust discharge port, and a dust removal assembly arranged below the first and second dust discharge ports.
[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the protective shell is supported by a column to form an operating space, and the dust removal assembly includes a dust removal hopper that is movably arranged in the operating space. The bottom of the protective shell has a clearance hole that communicates with the first dust discharge port and the second dust discharge port.
[0015] Furthermore, the vibration mechanism includes a vibration motor fixed to one side of the protective shell and driven in conjunction with the shell.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the expansion furnace dust removal device involved in this utility model, through the multi-stage synergistic action of the centrifugal separation section, the inertial collision separation section, and the filtration and adsorption section, combined with the vibration cleaning mechanism, effectively intercepts particles of different sizes and achieves continuous cleaning, which has the advantages of improving the interception efficiency of medium particles, reducing the equipment footprint, and reducing the maintenance frequency. Compared with the existing single-stage inertial separation combined with bag filtration, this solution effectively solves the problem of poor medium particle treatment efficiency by adding a vibration cleaning inertial collision separation section. The multi-stage collision surface formed by the baffle plate group extends the particle residence time, and combined with the vibration cleaning mechanism, it improves the separation efficiency of medium particles. At the same time, the multi-stage separation structure can significantly reduce the particle concentration entering the filtration and adsorption section, reducing the risk of bag blockage. Compared with simply increasing the number of bags, this solution significantly reduces the equipment footprint while maintaining the same dust removal efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below:
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the dust removal device for the expansion furnace of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view;
[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A half-section view;
[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of each dust removal section;
[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Internal cross-sectional view of the separation section during inertial collision;
[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the baffle assembly in the middle;
[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle filter box;
[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Centrifugal separation section; 11-Cyclone separator 11; 12-First air inlet; 13-First exhaust port; 14-First dust discharge port;
[0026] 2-Inertial collision separation section; 21-Shell; 22-Second air inlet; 23-Second exhaust port; 24-Second dust outlet; 25-Slide valve; 26-Collision channel; 27-Vibration motor;
[0027] 3-Filtration and adsorption section; 31-Filter box; 32-Third air inlet; 33-Third exhaust port; 34-Filtration and adsorption structure;
[0028] 4-Protective casing; 41-Exhaust gas inlet; 42-Exhaust gas outlet; 43-Upright column; 44-Inspection door;
[0029] 5-Dust removal hopper;
[0030] 6-baffle; 61-parallel section; 62-bending section. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the technical objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0032] Specific embodiments of the dust removal device for the expansion furnace involved in this utility model are as follows: Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this application constructs a multi-stage separation system that processes large, medium, and fine particles in stages, reducing the total amount of particles entering the filtration and adsorption stage 3. This staged processing approach not only reduces the load on subsequent filtration but also allows for the use of appropriate separation methods for particles of different sizes.
[0033] Specifically, the device includes a centrifugal separation section 1, an inertial collision separation section 2, a filtration and adsorption section 3, and a dust removal assembly arranged below the separation sections, connected in sequence. The centrifugal separation section 1 is provided with a first air inlet 12, a first exhaust outlet 13, and a first dust discharge outlet 14 for preliminary separation of large particles; the inertial collision separation section 2 includes a housing 21, a set of baffles 6, and a vibration mechanism, which separates medium-sized particles through a collision channel 26. The housing 21 has a second air inlet 22, a second exhaust outlet 23, and a second dust discharge outlet 24, wherein the first exhaust outlet 13 is connected to the second air inlet 22; there are multiple baffles 6, which are vertically spaced and arranged side by side in the housing 21, and a collision channel 26 is formed between two adjacent baffles 6. The collision channel 26 is connected to the second air inlet 22 and the second exhaust outlet 23, and the bottom of the collision channel 26 is connected to the second dust discharge outlet 24; the filtration and adsorption section 3 treats residual fine particles; and the dust removal assembly receives the dust discharged from each section.
[0034] Centrifugal separation section 1 is a device that achieves gas-solid separation through centrifugal force. Specifically, it can be implemented using a cyclone separator 11 structure. Its conical cavity causes the exhaust gas to rotate, generating a centrifugal force field. In actual use, the exhaust gas enters the cavity tangentially through the first air inlet 12. Through centrifugal action, large particles are thrown against the wall and discharged through the bottom dust outlet, while the purified gas is discharged downstream through the first exhaust outlet 13. The inertial collision separation section 2 is a structure that uses the inertial effect of particles for separation. Specifically, it can be a deflection channel formed by baffles 6, which causes the exhaust gas to change direction multiple times. Medium particles are separated from the airflow due to inertial collision with the plate surface. After the gas output from the first exhaust outlet 13 passes through the inertial collision separation section 2, the medium particles in the collision channel 26 formed by the baffles 6 are decelerated or remain after impacting the plate surface due to inertia, and fall downward into the second dust outlet 24. The vibration mechanism can be implemented using an eccentric wheel motor or a pneumatic hammer. Through periodic vibration, the particles attached to the baffles 6 are detached, cleaning the residual particles on the plate surface. Specifically, in this embodiment, the vibration mechanism includes a vibration motor 27 fixed to one side of the protective shell 4 and driven by the shell 21. When the vibration motor 27 is started, the rotational motion of the eccentric rotor is converted into periodic vibration of the shell 21. This vibration is transmitted through the fixed end of the baffle plate 6 to each bending section 62 and parallel section 61, causing medium-sized particles attached to the surface of the baffle plate 6 to detach from the plate surface under the action of inertial force and slide down the bottom of the collision channel 26 to the second dust discharge port 24. Subsequently, the gas enters the filtration and adsorption section 3, where residual fine particles are intercepted by the filtration structure, and the dust separated from each section finally falls into the bottom cleaning assembly for centralized treatment. The multi-stage collaborative working mode enables particles of different sizes to be efficiently separated at the corresponding stages.
[0035] Preferably, for the inertial collision separation section 2, the baffle plate 6 includes multiple parallel sections 61 arranged parallel to the communication direction of the second air inlet 22 and the second dust outlet 24; multiple bent sections 62 forming a set angle with the parallel sections 61 to generate an inclined collision with the parallel-entering exhaust gas; each parallel section 61 and each bent section 62 are sequentially staggered, so that the collision channel 26 forms multiple collision surfaces along the communication direction. That is, the parallel sections 61 are consistent with the exhaust gas flow direction, and the bent sections 62 are bent structures forming an angle with the parallel sections 61, which force the particles to collide with the plate surface by changing the exhaust gas flow direction, thereby achieving inertial separation; the parallel sections 61 and the bent sections 62 are arranged alternately and offset in position, which can be formed by segmented welding or integral stamping to form a stepped channel, so that the exhaust gas continuously changes its flow direction in the collision channel 26, increasing the number of times the particles contact the plate surface. After the exhaust gas enters the collision channel 26 through the second inlet 22, it initially flows in a straight line along the parallel section 61. Then, it is forced to change direction at the bending section 62, where particles collide with the surface of the bending section 62 due to inertia. Because the parallel section 61 and the bending section 62 are staggered, the exhaust gas undergoes multiple turns within the channel. After repeated collisions on different surfaces of the bending section 62, the kinetic energy of the particles gradually decreases, and they eventually fall to the second dust outlet 24 at the bottom of the channel under gravity. This structure extends the particle separation path through multiple collision surfaces, enhancing the capture efficiency of medium-sized particles. The alternating staggered design of the parallel section 61 and the bending section 62 creates multiple collision surfaces, allowing particles to undergo multiple collisions within a limited space, significantly improving separation efficiency while avoiding channel blockage caused by particle accumulation. This effectively intercepts medium-sized particles in the exhaust gas, reducing the particle load entering the subsequent filtration and adsorption section 3, lowering the risk of filter structure blockage, thereby extending the maintenance cycle and reducing operating costs.
[0036] Furthermore, the baffle plate 6 is formed by bending a single sheet into a structure. The bending angle of the bending section 62 is between 30 and 60 degrees, and the included bending angle of at least one bending section 62 is greater than that of the other bending sections 62. Multiple parallel sections 61 and bending sections 62 are formed by continuously bending a single metal sheet through stamping or roll forming processes. This is achieved using stainless steel or galvanized steel sheets with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 3 mm through a continuous bending process. This structure reduces dust accumulation points by eliminating weld seams, while simultaneously improving the overall structural strength. Because the baffle plate 6 has no weld seams, medium-sized particles in the exhaust gas slide down the smooth surface to the dust discharge port after collision, preventing particle accumulation at the seams. The baffle plate 6 forms a collision channel 26 through the alternating arrangement of bent sections 62 and parallel sections 61. The bending angle is controlled within the range of 30 to 60 degrees, so that the exhaust gas flows in the channel and collides at an angle with the surface of the bent section 62. The included angle of at least one bent section 62 is set to be larger than that of other bent sections 62, thereby forming different levels of collision surfaces in the collision channel 26. When the exhaust gas containing medium-sized particles enters the collision channel 26, the particles collide multiple times with the surfaces of the bent sections 62 at multiple different angles. Larger particles are separated due to inertia and slide down the surface of the baffle plate 6 to the dust discharge port, while the remaining exhaust gas continues to flow towards the exhaust port. Through the combined design of the multi-angle bent sections 62, the residence time of particles in the collision channel 26 can be extended and the number of collisions can be increased, thereby significantly improving the separation effect of medium-sized particles and reducing the risk of clogging of the subsequent filtration structure.
[0037] In addition, the filtration and adsorption section 3 includes a filter box 31, which has a third air inlet 32 and a third exhaust outlet 33. A filtration and adsorption structure 34 is installed inside the filter box 31. The filtration and adsorption structure 34 is a filter layer arranged inside the filter box 31 to trap fine particles. Specifically, it can be implemented using a combination of multi-layer fiber filters, porous ceramics, or activated carbon adsorption layers, used to separate residual particles in the exhaust gas through physical interception or chemical adsorption. Alternatively, a bag filter dust removal structure from existing technologies can also be used. After the exhaust gas enters the third air inlet 32 of the filter box 31 from the inertial collision separation section 2, it comes into contact with the filtration and adsorption structure 34 during its flow inside the filter box 31. Fine particles are trapped on the surface or in the pores of the filter material, and the purified gas is discharged through the third exhaust outlet 33. The closed design of the filter box 31 prevents leakage of untreated exhaust gas, and its compact internal structure can adapt to different installation space requirements. It can effectively separate fine particles in exhaust gas, prevent filter materials from failing quickly, extend cleaning cycles, reduce downtime for maintenance, thereby reducing operating costs and improving the continuous working stability of the dust removal system.
[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the expansion furnace dust removal device includes a box-type protective shell 4. One end of the protective shell 4 has an exhaust gas inlet 41, and the other end has an exhaust gas outlet 42. The exhaust gas inlet 41 is connected to the centrifugal separation section 1, and the exhaust gas outlet 42 is connected to the filtration and adsorption section 3. The protective shell 4 integrates the centrifugal separation section 1, the inertial collision separation section 2, and the filtration and adsorption section 3 into the same housing, forming a compact modular structure. After the exhaust gas enters the protective shell 4 through the exhaust gas inlet 41, it flows sequentially through the centrifugal separation section 1, the inertial collision separation section 2, and the filtration and adsorption section 3 for graded treatment. Finally, the purified gas is discharged through the exhaust gas outlet 42. The enclosed design of the protective shell 4 avoids exhaust gas leakage between the various treatment sections and reduces interference from the external environment on the internal dust removal process. This not only reduces the overall size of the equipment but also simplifies the layout of the exhaust gas pipeline, avoiding space waste caused by connecting multiple devices.
[0039] The first dust discharge port 14 is located at the bottom of the cyclone separator 11, extending downwards alongside the second dust discharge port 24. The dust removal assembly is positioned below the first and second dust discharge ports 14 and 24. After primary centrifugal separation by the cyclone separator 11, large particles are discharged through the bottom first dust discharge port 14, while the remaining exhaust gas enters the inertial collision separation section 2 to process the remaining particles. The two dust discharge ports are arranged in a parallel, vertically extending manner, allowing dust to fall along a straight path under gravity to the same dust removal assembly. The dust removal assembly is centrally located directly below the dust discharge ports, collecting particles generated at different separation stages in a unified manner, thus avoiding the need for dispersed collection devices in multi-stage dust removal systems. This solves the problem of excessively large equipment size caused by complex dust discharge paths in multi-stage dust removal devices and reduces the risk of secondary dust re-entrainment caused by dispersed dust discharge. The centralized dust removal assembly allows operators to complete all dust cleaning operations from a single location, avoiding the tedious operation of cleaning multiple collection containers one by one in traditional systems, significantly improving equipment maintenance efficiency.
[0040] The bottom of the protective shell 4 is elevated by the column 43, forming an operating space. The dust removal assembly includes a dust removal hopper 5 movably arranged in the operating space. The bottom of the protective shell 4 has a clearance hole communicating with the first dust discharge port 14 and the second dust discharge port 24. After the protective shell 4 is supported by the column 43 to form an elevated structure, an operating space is formed between its bottom and the ground. The dust removal hopper 5 is placed in the operating space and located directly below the clearance hole. When the centrifugal separation section 1 and the inertial collision separation section 2 are running, the separated large and medium-sized dust particles are discharged through the first dust discharge port 14 and the second dust discharge port 24, respectively, and fall into the dust removal hopper 5 through the clearance hole. Because the dust removal hopper 5 is movably arranged, it is convenient for operators to remove the hopper full of dust from the operating space for cleaning.
[0041] To prevent gas from escaping from the second dust outlet 24 during the operation of the dust removal device, the bottom of the second dust outlet 24 is equipped with a slide valve 25. The slide valve 25 is sealed and assembled with the housing 21, and is equipped with a drive motor to control its opening and closing.
[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustration and not for limiting the technical solutions of this utility model. Any equivalent substitutions and modifications or partial substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. An expansion furnace dust removal device, characterized in that, It includes a centrifugal separation section connected in sequence, used to introduce exhaust gas and centrifugally separate large particles, and has a first air inlet, a first exhaust outlet and a first dust outlet; The inertial collision separation section is used to introduce the exhaust gas output from the first exhaust port and separate the medium particles again by collision. The filtration and adsorption section is used to introduce exhaust gas and separate fine particles from the gas. The dust removal assembly is located below the centrifugal separation section and the inertial collision separation section to collect the separated dust. The inertial collision separation section includes a housing, which has a second air inlet, a second exhaust outlet, and a second dust outlet, wherein the first exhaust outlet is connected to the second air inlet; Multiple vertically spaced baffles are arranged side by side inside the housing. A collision channel is formed between two adjacent baffles. The collision channel connects the second air inlet and the second air outlet. The bottom of the collision channel connects to the second dust outlet. The vibration mechanism, connected to the baffle plate drive, vibrates and cleans medium-sized particles, causing them to fall into the second dust discharge port.
2. The dust removal device for an expansion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle plate includes multiple parallel sections, which are arranged parallel to the communication direction of the second air inlet and the second dust outlet; Multiple bends are set at a certain angle to the parallel sections to create an inclined collision with the parallel-entering exhaust gas. The parallel segments and the bent segments are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the collision channel forms multiple collision surfaces along the connecting direction.
3. The dust removal device for an expansion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bending angle of the bending segment is between 30 and 60 degrees, and the bending angle of at least one bending segment is greater than the bending angle of the other bending segments.
4. The dust removal device for an expansion furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The baffle is formed by bending a single plate into a structure.
5. The dust removal device for an expansion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration and adsorption section includes a filter box, which has a third air inlet and a third exhaust outlet, and a filtration and adsorption structure is installed inside the filter box.
6. The dust removal device for an expansion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal device for the expansion furnace includes a box-type protective shell, with an exhaust gas inlet at one end and an exhaust gas outlet at the other end. The exhaust gas inlet is connected to the centrifugal separation section, and the exhaust gas outlet is connected to the filtration and adsorption section.
7. The dust removal device for an expansion furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The centrifugal separation section includes a cyclone separator, with a first dust discharge port arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator and extending downwards side by side with a second dust discharge port. The dust removal assembly is arranged below the first and second dust discharge ports.
8. The dust removal device for an expansion furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the protective shell is supported by a column to form an operating space. The dust removal assembly includes a dust removal hopper that is movably arranged in the operating space. The bottom of the protective shell has a clearance hole that communicates with the first dust discharge port and the second dust discharge port.
9. The dust removal device for an expansion furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vibration mechanism includes a vibration motor fixed to one side of the protective shell and driven in conjunction with the shell.