A mechanical machining device based on metamorphic mechanism

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a machining device based on a variable-cell mechanism. It includes a base, a movable stage positioned above the base, and a positioning block positioned above the movable stage. Two sets of variable-cell mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the positioning block. The movable stage and the positioning block are connected through the two sets of variable-cell mechanisms. Each set of variable-cell mechanisms is equipped with a drilling and milling assembly for machining the end face of the part. This utility model uses a linear drive assembly to push the positioning block through the center hole of the part and abut against the machining reference surface, achieving circumferential positioning of the part. The linear drive assembly continuously pushes the positioning block, and the swing rod in the variable-cell mechanism overcomes the torsion spring preload and swings around the rotating shaft II until it abuts against the limiting pad, driving the drilling and milling assembly to press the workpiece against the machining reference surface, achieving axial positioning of the part. This realizes an integrated operation of part clamping, pressing, and machining, eliminating the cumbersome clamping steps in traditional machining and effectively improving machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a machining device based on a variable cell mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, it is often necessary to drill or mill disc-shaped parts with a center hole. Traditional machining equipment requires manually fixing the workpiece with a fixture before using drilling or milling equipment to complete the machining, which is inconvenient to use and has low processing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a machining device based on a variable cell mechanism that is convenient to use and has high processing efficiency, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A machining device based on a variable-cell mechanism, characterized by:

[0006] It includes a base, a movable stage set above the base, and a positioning block set above the movable stage. Two sets of variable cell mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the positioning block. The movable stage and the positioning block are connected through the two sets of variable cell mechanisms. Each set of variable cell mechanisms is equipped with a drilling and milling assembly for machining the end face of the part.

[0007] The variable-cell mechanism includes a drive rod and a swing rod located above the drive rod. The inner end of the drive rod is hinged to the moving platform, the inner end of the swing rod is hinged to the positioning block, and the outer end of the drive rod and the outer end of the swing rod are hinged through a rotating shaft I. A variable angle α is formed between the drive rod and the swing rod. A torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft I to increase the angle α. A limiting pad is installed on the drive rod on one side of the torsion spring, facing the swing rod. The limiting pad can abut against the lower surface of the swing rod to limit the minimum degree of the angle α.

[0008] The drilling and milling assembly is mounted on a swing arm, and a linear drive assembly that drives the moving platform to move up and down is mounted on the base.

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model can be further achieved through the following steps: the linear drive assembly includes a drive cylinder fixedly installed on the base, and the central axis of the drive cylinder and the symmetrical axes of the two sets of variable cell mechanisms are arranged collinearly.

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model can be further achieved through the following steps: the drilling and milling assembly includes a housing with its axis perpendicular to the swing rod, a movable seat coaxially disposed inside the housing, a main motor mounted on the movable seat, and a drilling head or milling head disposed at the power output end of the main motor; the upper surface of the housing is provided with an opening corresponding to the drilling head or milling head, and the inside of the housing is provided with a screw and nut mechanism that drives the movable seat to move along the axial direction of the housing so as to drive the drilling head or milling head to extend or retract from the opening.

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model can be further achieved through the following steps: the lower section of the positioning block is provided with a slide groove parallel to the direction of movement of the moving platform, a slide seat is fitted in the slide groove, a threaded hole leading to the bottom surface of the slide groove is opened in the middle of the slide seat, a rotating shaft II is provided in the threaded hole, a retaining ring is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft II, the rotating shaft II in front of the retaining ring is provided with an external thread that mates with the threaded hole, and the rotating shaft II behind the retaining ring is hinged to the swing rod in the two sets of variable cell mechanisms respectively; a handle for easy hand-twisting is provided at the end of the rotating shaft II.

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model can be further achieved through the following steps: the upper surface of the housing is arranged parallel to the swing rod, the limiting pad is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the drive rod, the cross section of the limiting pad is triangular, and the long side of the triangle is in contact with the drive rod; when the limiting pad abuts against the swing rod, the swing rod is just in a horizontal state.

[0013] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model can be further achieved through the following steps, wherein the included angle α is in the range of 30°-80°.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the linear drive assembly pushes the positioning block through the center hole of the part and abuts against the machining reference surface to achieve circumferential positioning of the part; the linear drive assembly continuously pushes the positioning block, and the swing rod in the variable cell mechanism overcomes the preload of the torsion spring and swings around the rotating shaft II until it abuts against the limiting pad, driving the drilling and milling assembly to press the workpiece against the machining reference surface to achieve axial positioning of the part; this utility model realizes the integrated operation of part clamping, pressing and machining, which is convenient to use, saves the cumbersome clamping steps in traditional machining, and effectively improves machining efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the use of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram (b) illustrating the use of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling and milling assembly of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a front view of the positioning block in Example 2;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positioning block in Example 2;

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Moving stage; 3. Positioning block; 4. Variable cell mechanism; 5. Drilling and milling assembly; 6. Drive cylinder; 7. Machining plane; 8. Part.

[0022] Drive rod 41, swing rod 42, rotating shaft I 43, torsion spring 44, limit pad 45;

[0023] 51. Housing; 52. Moving base; 53. Main motor; 54. Drill head or milling head; 55. Lead screw and nut mechanism; 56. Auxiliary motor.

[0024] Slide 31, slide block 32, pivot II 33, retaining ring 34, handle 35. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific technical solutions of this utility model are further described below to enable those skilled in the art to further understand this utility model, without constituting a limitation on its rights.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.

[0027] [Example 1] Please refer to Figure 1-4 A machining device based on a variable cell mechanism is suitable for machining disc-shaped parts 8 with a central hole. Specifically, it includes a base 1, a movable stage 2 disposed above the base 1, and a positioning block 3 disposed above the movable stage 2. The positioning block 3 is a columnar structure with edges that are adapted to the shape of the central hole of the part 8, and is used to insert into the central hole to achieve circumferential positioning of the workpiece. Two sets of variable cell mechanisms 4 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the positioning block 3. The movable stage 2 and the positioning block 3 are connected through the two sets of variable cell mechanisms 4. Each set of variable cell mechanisms 4 is provided with a drilling and milling assembly 5 for machining the end face of the part 8.

[0028] The variable-cell mechanism 4 includes a drive rod 41 and a swing rod 42 located above the drive rod 41. The inner end of the drive rod 41 is hinged to the moving platform 2, and the inner end of the swing rod 42 is hinged to the positioning block 3. The outer ends of the drive rod 41 and the swing rod 42 are hinged through a rotating shaft I43. A variable angle α is formed between the drive rod 41 and the swing rod 42. A torsion spring 44 is sleeved on the rotating shaft I43. The two legs of the torsion spring 44 abut against the drive rod 41 and the swing rod 42 respectively. The preload direction is configured to make the angle α tend to increase. A limiting pad 45 facing the swing rod 42 is installed on the drive rod 41 on one side of the torsion spring 44. The limiting pad 45 can abut against the lower surface of the swing rod 42 to limit the minimum degree of the angle α.

[0029] The drilling and milling assembly 5 is fixedly mounted on the swing arm 42, and a linear drive assembly for driving the moving stage 2 to move up and down is mounted on the base 1.

[0030] When the moving platform 2 moves upward and the positioning block 3 is not blocked, the mechanism does not undergo a morphological motion. The drive rod 41 and the swing rod 42 remain extended under the action of the torsion spring 44, and the included angle α is at its maximum degree. At this time, the drive rod 41, the swing rod 42 and the positioning block 3 move up and down as a whole with the moving platform 2.

[0031] When the end of the positioning block 3 is blocked, the moving table 2 continues to move upward, and the mechanism undergoes a morphological motion. The drive rod 41 and the swing rod 42 overcome the closing torque of the torsion spring 44 and retract relative to each other. The torsion spring 44 is compressed, and the included angle α gradually decreases until the swing rod 42 abuts against the limiting pad 45, and the mechanism stops changing. At this time, the drilling and milling assembly 5, along with the swing rod 42, horizontally presses the end face of the part 8 to achieve axial positioning of the part 8 and ensure the stability of the workpiece position during the machining process.

[0032] Specifically, the linear drive assembly includes a drive cylinder 6 fixedly mounted on the base 1, with the central axis of the drive cylinder 6 and the symmetrical axes of the two sets of variable cell mechanisms 4 arranged collinearly.

[0033] Specifically, the drilling and milling assembly 5 includes a housing 51 with its axis perpendicular to the swing rod 42, a movable seat 52 coaxially disposed inside the housing 51, a main motor 53 mounted on the movable seat 52, and a drilling head or milling head 54 disposed at the power output end of the main motor 53; the upper surface of the housing 51 is provided with an opening corresponding to the drilling head or milling head 54, and the housing 51 is provided with a screw and nut mechanism 55 that drives the movable seat 52 to move along the axial direction of the housing 51 so as to drive the drilling head or milling head 54 to extend or retract from the opening;

[0034] The lead screw in the lead screw and nut mechanism 55 is connected and driven by the auxiliary motor 56, and the nut in the lead screw and nut mechanism 55 is integrally connected with the aforementioned movable seat 52; the main motor 53 is fixedly installed below the movable seat 52, and the power output axis of the main motor 53 passes through the corresponding opening on the movable seat 52 and is fixedly connected to the drilling head or milling head 54.

[0035] Furthermore, the upper surface of the housing 51 is arranged parallel to the swing rod 42, and the limiting pad 45 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the drive rod 41. The cross-section of the limiting pad 45 is triangular, and the long side of the triangle is in contact with the drive rod 41. When the limiting pad 45 abuts against the swing rod 42, the swing rod 42 is just in a horizontal state. This design can ensure the contact stability when the limiting pad 45 abuts against the swing rod 42, and ensure that the axial clamping force of the drilling and milling assembly 5 on the end face of the part 8 is evenly distributed.

[0036] Furthermore, the included angle α is in the range of 30°-80°. When the included angle α is 80°, the drive rod 41 and the swing rod 42 are at their maximum extended stroke, and the mechanism does not undergo cell deformation; when the included angle α is 30°, the drive rod 41 and the swing rod 42 are retracted to their limit, and the swing rod 42 abuts against the limiting pad 45, and the mechanism completes cell deformation.

[0037] Working principle: First, support part 8 on the machining plane 7, then start the drive cylinder 6 to push the moving table 2 upward, causing the positioning block 3 to be inserted into the center hole of part 8, realizing the circumferential positioning of part 8 (e.g., Figure 2 As shown); when the top of the positioning block 3 contacts the machining surface 7, the positioning block 3 can no longer move upward, while the drive cylinder 6 continues to push the moving table 2 upward; when the thrust of the drive cylinder 6 exceeds the closing torque of the torsion spring 44, the mechanism undergoes a variable-cell motion, the inner end of the drive rod 41 rises with the moving table 2, the drive rod 41 and the swing rod 42 retract relative to each other, the included angle α gradually decreases, until the swing rod 42 abuts against the limiting pad 45 to form a rigid stop (as shown). Figure 3 (As shown); at this time, the swing arm 42 is horizontal, and the drilling and milling assembly 5 installed on it presses the part 8 onto the machining plane 7 to achieve axial positioning of the part 8; finally, the lead screw and nut mechanism 55 is started, and the moving seat 52 drives the drilling head or milling head 54 to extend out of the housing 51 to perform machining on the end face of the part 8; after the machining is completed, the drive cylinder 6 retracts, the torsion spring 44 releases the elastic potential energy to reset the mechanism, and the included angle α expands back to the initial state, completing one work cycle.

[0038] [Example 2] Please refer to Figure 5-6The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the lower section of the positioning block 3 is provided with a slide groove 31 parallel to the movement direction of the moving platform 2. A slide seat 32 is fitted inside the slide groove 31. A threaded hole leading to the bottom surface of the slide groove 31 is opened in the middle of the slide seat 32. A rotating shaft II 33 is provided inside the threaded hole. A retaining ring 34 is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft II 33. The rotating shaft II 33 in front of the retaining ring 34 is provided with an external thread that mates with the threaded hole. The rotating shaft II 33 behind the retaining ring 34 is hinged to the swing rod 42 in the two sets of variable cell mechanisms 4. A handle 35 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft II 33 for easy hand tightening. When the handle 35 is tightened, the front end of the rotating shaft II 33 is tightly pressed against the bottom surface of the slide groove 31 under the action of the thread, and the rotating shaft II 33, the slide seat 32 and the slide groove 31 remain locked. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the rotating shaft II 33, loosen the handle 35, slide the slide seat to the set position and then tighten the handle 35 to lock it. With this setup, by adjusting the distance between the end of the positioning block 3 and the rotating shaft II33, parts of different thicknesses can be adapted.

[0039] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A machining apparatus based on a variable-cell mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a base, a movable stage set above the base, and a positioning block set above the movable stage. Two sets of variable cell mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the positioning block. The movable stage and the positioning block are connected through the two sets of variable cell mechanisms. Each set of variable cell mechanisms is equipped with a drilling and milling assembly for machining the end face of the part. The variable-cell mechanism includes a drive rod and a swing rod located above the drive rod. The inner end of the drive rod is hinged to the moving platform, the inner end of the swing rod is hinged to the positioning block, and the outer end of the drive rod and the outer end of the swing rod are hinged through a rotating shaft I. A variable angle α is formed between the drive rod and the swing rod. A torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft I to increase the angle α. A limiting pad is installed on the drive rod on one side of the torsion spring, facing the swing rod. The limiting pad can abut against the lower surface of the swing rod to limit the minimum degree of the angle α. The drilling and milling assembly is mounted on a swing arm, and a linear drive assembly that drives the moving platform to move up and down is mounted on the base.

2. The machining apparatus based on a variable-cell mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear drive assembly includes a drive cylinder fixedly mounted on a base, with the central axis of the drive cylinder and the symmetrical axes of the two sets of variable cell mechanisms arranged collinearly.

3. The machining apparatus based on a variable-cell mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling and milling assembly includes a housing with its axis perpendicular to the swing rod, a movable seat coaxially disposed inside the housing, a main motor mounted on the movable seat, and a drilling head or milling head disposed at the power output end of the main motor; the upper surface of the housing is provided with an opening corresponding to the drilling head or milling head, and the inside of the housing is provided with a screw and nut mechanism that drives the movable seat to move along the axial direction of the housing so as to drive the drilling head or milling head to extend or retract from the opening.

4. The machining apparatus based on a variable-cell mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower section of the positioning block is provided with a slide groove parallel to the direction of movement of the moving platform. A slide seat is fitted in the slide groove. A threaded hole leading to the bottom surface of the slide groove is opened in the middle of the slide seat. A rotating shaft II is installed in the threaded hole. A retaining ring is installed in the middle of the rotating shaft II. The rotating shaft II in front of the retaining ring is provided with an external thread that mates with the threaded hole. The rotating shaft II behind the retaining ring is hinged to the swing rod in the two sets of variable cell mechanisms. A handle for easy turning by hand is provided at the end of the rotating shaft II.

5. The machining apparatus based on a variable-cell mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the housing is parallel to the swing rod, and the limiting pad is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the drive rod. The cross-section of the limiting pad is triangular, and the long side of the triangle is in contact with the drive rod. When the limiting pad abuts against the swing rod, the swing rod is in a horizontal position.

6. The machining apparatus based on a variable-cell mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle α is in the range of 30°-80°.

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