Multilayer structure refractory concrete element with enhanced thermal insulation
By using a multi-layered structural design and gradient venting channels, the cracking and steam release problems of concrete components under high-temperature environments are solved, achieving improved weather resistance and impact resistance, water resistance, water penetration prevention, and preventing the inconvenience of maintenance that requires complete replacement due to water layer damage.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 中电建路桥集团有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing concrete components are prone to interface stress concentration and cracking under high temperature environments due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients. Single-layer insulation structures lack thermal buffering mechanisms and steam is difficult to release. Damaged insulation layers require complete replacement and repair, which is inconvenient.
It adopts a multi-layer structure design, including a fire-resistant concrete matrix, a honeycomb air-conducting channel, an elastic connecting layer, and an aluminum silicate fiberboard foamed ceramic composite thermal insulation module. Combined with magnetic connection, gradient air exhaust and waterproof coating, it achieves thermal expansion absorption, uniform air exhaust and waterproof performance.
It effectively reduces the pressure of high-temperature gas, enhances the pressure resistance and impact resistance of components, solves the problem of easy cracking of single insulation structures, improves waterproof performance, solves the problem of inconvenient overall replacement and repair when a single insulation layer is damaged, and improves the weather resistance and impact resistance of components. It also prevents liquid penetration, gas leakage, and further enhances the weather resistance and impact resistance of components.
Smart Images
Figure CN224478625U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of concrete, and in particular to multi-layer fire-resistant concrete components with reinforced insulation layers. Background Technology
[0002] Concrete components are an indispensable part of building structures. They play an important role in supporting, bearing weight, and transferring loads. Through prefabrication or cast-in-place methods, concrete components can form a stable structural system, improve the durability and safety of buildings, and provide a solid guarantee for people's lives and work.
[0003] However, existing concrete components have the following drawbacks: First, traditional fire-resistant concrete components use a single insulation structure directly bonded to the substrate. Due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients, long-term high-temperature environments can easily lead to stress concentration at the interface, which in turn causes cracking and detachment. Second, single-layer insulation structures lack an effective thermal buffering mechanism, and at high temperatures, the internal vapor of the component is difficult to release effectively, exacerbating the cracking of the component. Third, once the insulation layer is damaged, it needs to be replaced entirely, which involves a long construction period and inconvenient maintenance. Utility Model Content
[0004] To overcome the problems of easy cracking and detachment when a single insulation structure is directly bonded to the substrate, lack of thermal buffering in a single-layer structure and difficulty in releasing steam which exacerbates cracking, and the inconvenience of replacing the entire insulation layer when it is damaged.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a multi-layered refractory concrete component with enhanced heat insulation layer, including a refractory concrete matrix. A honeycomb-shaped gas channel for discharging high-temperature gases is provided through the four sides of the refractory concrete matrix. A first groove is formed on the surface of the refractory concrete matrix, distributed along the long side of the matrix. A reinforcing steel mesh is embedded within the matrix. An elastic connecting layer is provided on the outer side of the matrix. A first protrusion, matching the first groove, is provided at one end of the elastic connecting layer facing the matrix. The first protrusion engages within the first groove. A second groove is formed at the other end of the elastic connecting layer. Heat insulation modules are arrayed on the outer side of the elastic connecting layer. These modules are composed of aluminum silicate fiberboard and foamed ceramic composite. A second protrusion, matching the second groove, is provided at one end of the heat insulation module facing the elastic connecting layer. The second protrusion engages with the second groove. A connecting plate is provided on the outer side of the heat insulation module. The surface of the connecting plate is coated with a waterproof coating. Springs are arrayed on the end face of the connecting plate, and protective plates are provided at the extension ends of the springs.
[0006] Preferably, the elastic connecting layer is an expanded graphite sheet, which is fixed by bolts.
[0007] Preferably, the first groove and the first protrusion, and the second groove and the second protrusion are all magnetically connected by a magnet.
[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the air guide channel is coated with a ceramic coating, and the diameter of the air guide channel gradually increases from the inside to the outside, forming a gradient exhaust structure.
[0009] Preferably, the springs between the connecting plate and the protective plate are arranged in a rectangular array, and each group of springs is surrounded by an annular damping rubber ring.
[0010] Preferably, the outer surface of the protective plate is provided with radial guide grooves, and the ends of the guide grooves are connected to the edge of the refractory concrete substrate to form an open drainage channel.
[0011] Preferably, the surface of the waterproof coating is covered with an array of raised bumps, the height of which decreases from the center of the connecting plate to the edge.
[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0013] 1. This solution effectively discharges high-temperature gas through honeycomb-shaped air channels, reduces internal temperature, and improves pressure resistance. The snap-fit design of the elastic connection layer and the heat insulation module not only absorbs thermal expansion but also simplifies installation and disassembly. The design of the waterproof coating and spring protection plate further enhances the weather resistance and impact resistance of the components.
[0014] 2. The diameter of the air guide channel gradually increases from the inside to the outside to form a gradient exhaust structure. Compared with ordinary air guide channels of the same diameter, this can gradually reduce the gas flow rate, achieve uniform discharge, and avoid excessive local pressure.
[0015] 3. The raised array on the surface of the waterproof coating increases the surface roughness compared to a smooth waterproof coating, causing liquid to form droplets, reducing the contact area, preventing liquid from staying and penetrating, and improving waterproof performance. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of this utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a side view of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the heat insulation module of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the air guide channel of this utility model.
[0020] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural illustration of the protrusion of this utility model.
[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Refractory concrete matrix; 2. Air duct; 3. Groove No. 1; 4. Reinforcing steel mesh; 5. Elastic connection layer; 6. Protrusion No. 1; 7. Groove No. 2; 8. Insulation module; 9. Protrusion No. 2; 10. Connecting plate; 11. Spring; 12. Protective plate; 13. Guide groove; 14. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0023] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 5This utility model provides an embodiment of a multi-layered refractory concrete component with enhanced insulation, comprising a refractory concrete substrate 1. A honeycomb-shaped gas channel 2 for discharging high-temperature gases is provided through the four sides of the refractory concrete substrate 1. A first groove 3 is formed on the surface of the refractory concrete substrate 1, distributed along the long side of the refractory concrete substrate 1. A reinforcing steel mesh 4 is embedded within the refractory concrete substrate 1. An elastic connecting layer 5 is provided on the outer side of the refractory concrete substrate 1. A first protrusion 6, adapted to the first groove 3, is provided at one end of the elastic connecting layer 5 facing the refractory concrete substrate 1, and the first protrusion 6 is engaged within the first groove 3. A second groove 7 is formed at the other end of the elastic connecting layer 5. The outer side of the elastic connecting layer 5 is arranged in an array... There is a heat insulation module 8, which is composed of aluminum silicate fiberboard and foamed ceramic composite. At one end of the heat insulation module 8 facing the elastic connecting layer 5, there is a second protrusion 9 that matches the second groove 7. The second protrusion 9 and the second groove 7 are engaged. A connecting plate 10 is provided on the outside of the heat insulation module 8. The surface of the connecting plate 10 is coated with a waterproof coating. Springs 11 are arrayed on the end face of the connecting plate 10. A protective plate 12 is provided at the extension end of the springs 11. The refractory concrete matrix 1 serves as the foundation of the entire component. The refractory concrete matrix 1 has good fire resistance and can maintain its structural integrity and performance under high temperature environments, effectively blocking the erosion of the internal structure by high temperatures and providing basic fire protection for the entire component. Meanwhile, it has through-hole openings on its four sides... The honeycomb-structured air-guiding channel 2 can discharge gases generated inside the refractory concrete matrix 1 due to high temperatures. This not only prevents the accumulation of high-temperature gases inside the refractory concrete matrix 1, which could lead to excessive pressure and damage, but also reduces the internal temperature. Furthermore, the pre-embedded reinforcing steel network 4 significantly improves the strength and toughness of the refractory concrete matrix 1. Under high temperatures and external forces, the steel bars can withstand a certain tensile force, preventing cracking and breakage of the refractory concrete matrix 1. The elastic connection layer 5 has elastic properties, thus absorbing the deformation of the insulation module 8 due to thermal expansion. Through the engagement of the first protrusion 6 with the first groove 3 on the surface of the refractory concrete matrix 1, a tight connection between the elastic connection layer 5 and the refractory concrete matrix 1 is achieved. Block 8 is composed of aluminosilicate fiberboard and foamed ceramic composite, possessing excellent thermal insulation performance. The aluminosilicate fiberboard has low thermal conductivity, effectively preventing heat transfer, while the porous structure inside the foamed ceramic further reduces heat conduction. The combination of these two components significantly reduces heat transfer from the outside into the refractory concrete matrix 1, improving the thermal insulation effect of the concrete component. The thermal insulation module 8 is engaged with the second groove 7 at the other end of the elastic connecting layer 5 via the second protrusion 9, facilitating the installation and disassembly of the thermal insulation module 8. Furthermore, the modular design allows for individual replacement of each thermal insulation module 8, reducing maintenance costs. The waterproof coating on the surface of the connecting plate 10 prevents moisture from penetrating the refractory concrete. The telescopic end of the spring 11 is equipped with a protective plate 12.When the protective plate 12 is subjected to external impact, the spring 11 acts as a buffer, dispersing and absorbing the impact force, thus reducing damage to the heat insulation module 8, the elastic connection layer 5, and the fire-resistant concrete substrate 1.
[0024] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 3 In this embodiment, the elastic connecting layer 5 is an expanded graphite sheet, which is fixed by bolts. The first groove 3 and the first protrusion 6, and the second groove 7 and the second protrusion 9 are all magnetically connected by magnets. The springs 11 between the connecting plate 10 and the protective plate 12 are distributed in a rectangular array, and each group of springs 11 is surrounded by an annular damping rubber ring. The outer surface of the protective plate 12 is provided with radial guide grooves 13, and the ends of the guide grooves 13 are connected to the edge of the refractory concrete substrate 1 to form an open drainage channel. The expanded graphite is made from natural flake graphite through chemical treatment. Made through thermal expansion at high temperatures, the graphite layers undergo decomposition and volatilization during the expansion process, causing the graphite to expand perpendicular to the layer direction, forming a worm-like microstructure with numerous pores. This porous structure endows the elastic connecting layer 5 of the expanded graphite sheet with excellent flexibility and elasticity. When squeezed by the heat insulation module 8, the pores can be compressed and deformed, and can return to their original shape after the external force is removed. The magnetic connection method features convenient installation and flexible disassembly. Groove 3 and protrusion 6, and groove 7 and protrusion 9 are connected by magnets. Magnetic connection enables rapid positioning and connection, improving installation efficiency. Simultaneously, the magnetic attraction ensures a tight connection. Springs 11, arranged in a rectangular array between the connecting plate 10 and the protective plate 12, can evenly bear and disperse external forces. When subjected to external impact, springs 11 can absorb and buffer energy through elastic deformation, reducing the impact on the refractory concrete matrix 1 and providing protection. The annular damping rubber ring has excellent damping characteristics, absorbing and dissipating the energy generated by the springs 11 during vibration, reducing the vibration amplitude and duration. Radial guide channels 13 guide water flow quickly from the surface of the protective plate 12. When rainwater or other liquids fall on the protective plate 12, the liquid can flow along the radial guide channels 13, preventing accumulation on the surface of the protective plate 12 and preventing liquid penetration into the refractory concrete matrix 1, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the refractory concrete matrix 1. The open drainage channel allows liquid in the guide channels 13 to be smoothly discharged to the outside of the refractory concrete matrix 1, ensuring unobstructed drainage.
[0025] Please see Figure 4 - Figure 5In this embodiment, the inner wall of the gas guide channel 2 is coated with a ceramic coating, and the diameter of the gas guide channel 2 gradually increases from the inside to the outside, forming a gradient exhaust structure. The surface of the waterproof coating is covered with an array of protrusions 14, and the height of the protrusions 14 decreases from the center of the connecting plate 10 to the edge. The ceramic coating has advantages such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and low friction coefficient. Coating the inner wall of the gas guide channel 2 with a ceramic coating can protect the gas guide channel 2 from the erosion and wear of high temperature gas. The gradient exhaust structure can gradually reduce the flow rate of gas in the gas guide channel 2, which is conducive to the uniform discharge of gas and avoids the phenomenon of excessive local pressure due to excessive gas flow rate. The array of protrusions 14 on the surface of the waterproof coating can increase the surface roughness, so that the liquid forms water droplets on the coating surface and reduces the contact area between the liquid and the coating surface. The design of the height of the protrusions 14 decreasing from the center of the connecting plate 10 to the edge can guide the liquid to flow to the edge and prevent the liquid from staying and penetrating on the surface of the waterproof coating.
[0026] Working principle: The refractory concrete substrate 1 serves as the base, and the honeycomb-shaped air-guiding channels 2 around it are coated with a ceramic coating. The diameter of the air-guiding channels 2 gradually increases from the inside to the outside, forming a gradient exhaust structure, which allows high-temperature gas to be discharged evenly and slowly, reducing internal pressure. The elastic connection layer 5 uses expanded graphite sheets, which are tightened by bolts and connected to the first groove 3 on the substrate with magnets. It can absorb the thermal expansion deformation of the heat insulation module 8. The heat insulation module 8 is composed of aluminum silicate fiberboard and foamed ceramic composite. It is magnetically connected to the second groove 7 of the elastic connection layer 5 through the second protrusion 9, which facilitates installation and disassembly. Springs 11 are distributed in a rectangular array between the connecting plate 10 and the protective plate 12, surrounded by annular damping rubber rings. The springs 11 absorb impact force, and the damping rubber rings reduce vibration. The radial guide grooves 13 on the outer surface of the protective plate 12 guide water flow to drain quickly, forming an open drainage channel to improve waterproof performance. The array of protrusions 14 on the surface of the waterproof coating increases roughness and guides liquid to flow to the edge to prevent penetration.
[0027] Through the above steps, the high-temperature gas is discharged by using honeycomb-shaped air channels 2, which reduces the temperature and improves the pressure resistance. The elastic connecting layer 5 is snapped into the heat insulation module 8 to absorb thermal expansion and simplify the installation. The design of the waterproof coating and the spring 11 and the protective plate 12 enhances the weather resistance and impact resistance. This solves the problems of easy cracking and falling off when the single heat insulation structure is directly bonded to the substrate, the lack of thermal buffer in the single-layer structure and the difficulty in releasing steam which aggravates cracking, and the inconvenience of replacing the entire heat insulation layer when it is damaged.
Claims
1. A multi-layered fire-resistant concrete component with enhanced insulation layer, characterized in that: The system includes a refractory concrete matrix (1), with honeycomb-shaped gas channels (2) for discharging high-temperature gases through its four sides. A groove (3) is formed on the surface of the refractory concrete matrix (1), and the grooves (3) are distributed along the long side of the refractory concrete matrix (1). A reinforcing steel mesh (4) is embedded in the refractory concrete matrix (1). An elastic connecting layer (5) is provided on the outer side of the refractory concrete matrix (1). A protrusion (6) adapted to the groove (3) is provided at one end of the elastic connecting layer (5) facing the refractory concrete matrix (1). The protrusion (6) is engaged with the groove (3). Inside, a second groove (7) is provided at the other end of the elastic connecting layer (5). A heat insulation module (8) is arranged in an array on the outer side of the elastic connecting layer (5). The heat insulation module (8) is composed of aluminum silicate fiber board and foamed ceramic composite. A second protrusion (9) is provided at one end of the heat insulation module (8) facing the elastic connecting layer (5) and is adapted to the second groove (7). The second protrusion (9) is engaged with the second groove (7). A connecting plate (10) is provided on the outer side of the heat insulation module (8). The surface of the connecting plate (10) is coated with a waterproof coating. A spring (11) is arranged in an array on the end face of the connecting plate (10). A protective plate (12) is provided at the extension end of the spring (11).
2. The multi-layered fire-resistant concrete component with enhanced thermal insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic connecting layer (5) is an expanded graphite sheet, which is fixed by bolts.
3. The multi-layered fire-resistant concrete component with enhanced thermal insulation layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first groove (3) and the first protrusion (6) and the second groove (7) and the second protrusion (9) are all magnetically connected by a magnet.
4. The multi-layered fire-resistant concrete component with enhanced thermal insulation layer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the air guide channel (2) is coated with a ceramic coating, and the diameter of the air guide channel (2) gradually increases from the inside to the outside, forming a gradient exhaust structure.
5. The multi-layered fire-resistant concrete component with enhanced thermal insulation layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The springs (11) between the connecting plate (10) and the protective plate (12) are arranged in a rectangular array, and each set of springs (11) is surrounded by an annular damping rubber ring.
6. The multi-layered fire-resistant concrete component with enhanced thermal insulation layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the protective plate (12) is provided with radial guide grooves (13), and the end of the guide grooves (13) is connected to the edge of the fire-resistant concrete matrix (1) to form an open drainage channel.
7. The multi-layered fire-resistant concrete component with enhanced thermal insulation layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the waterproof coating is covered with an array of protrusions (14), the height of which decreases from the center of the connecting plate (10) to the edge.