A tunnel construction rockfall prevention buffer protection device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a rockfall prevention and buffer protection device for tunnel construction, including a protective plate with side plates on both sides of the bottom of the protective plate. A buffer cavity is formed within each side plate, and a movable plate is slidably connected within the buffer cavity. The top of the movable plate is fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the protective plate. A damping block is provided at the bottom of the movable plate, and a buffer spring is fixedly installed between the bottom of the damping block and the inner wall of the bottom of the buffer cavity. A cavity is formed within the damping block, and sliding plates are slidably connected to both sides of the cavity. A compression spring is fixedly connected between two sliding plates, and a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding plate. The sliding rod passes through the side wall of the damping block and is fixedly connected to a friction block. When the protective plate is impacted by falling rocks, the movable plate and the damping block move downwards. The buffer spring deforms to buffer the impact, and simultaneously, the friction block, under force, disengages from the limiting groove and continuously rubs against the inner wall of the buffer cavity to absorb energy. This delays the peak value of the rebound force and reduces its amplitude, effectively suppressing the vibration of the protective plate after receiving the impact of falling rocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a rockfall prevention buffer protection device for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, the rocks in areas with faults, fracture zones, and weak interlayers are unstable and prone to falling, easily forming rockfalls. In areas with alternating layers of hard and soft rock or weak interlayers, cavities can easily form under the influence of groundwater, which can also lead to collapses and rockfalls. To ensure construction safety, protective devices are needed to buffer falling rocks. When dealing with steep slope defects in operating tunnels, if the open section is short and construction disturbance poses a risk of falling rocks, protective devices should be installed adjacent to the open section of the tunnel to temporarily prevent falling rocks and ensure construction safety, without interrupting traffic.

[0003] Existing protective devices for tunnel construction typically employ a spring-loaded buffer mechanism beneath the protective plate. Falling rocks impact the plate downwards, compressing the spring and causing it to deform, thus buffering the impact. However, relying solely on spring buffering can lead to excessive rebound force, causing rocks to bounce back and impact the plate again, resulting in severe vibrations. This reduces the stability of the protective structure and causes the springs to undergo frequent deformation and excessive fatigue. Therefore, a new rockfall buffer protection device for tunnel construction is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a rockfall buffer protection device for tunnel construction, which solves the problems mentioned in the above technical background. Existing protection devices that rely solely on springs for buffering are prone to excessive rebound force, causing rocks to bounce back and cause secondary impact on the protective plate, resulting in severe vibration of the protective plate, reducing the stability of the protective structure, and causing excessive fatigue of the springs.

[0005] A rockfall prevention buffer protection device for tunnel construction includes a protective plate, side plates on both sides of the bottom of the protective plate, a buffer cavity in the side plate, a movable plate slidably connected in the buffer cavity, the top of the movable plate being fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the protective plate, a damping block at the bottom of the movable plate, a buffer spring fixedly installed between the bottom of the damping block and the bottom inner wall of the buffer cavity, and a damping mechanism for reducing the deformation of the buffer spring inside the damping block;

[0006] The damping mechanism includes a cavity formed inside the damping block, sliding plates slidably connected to both sides of the cavity, a compression spring fixedly connected between the two sliding plates, a sliding rod fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding plate, and a friction block fixedly connected to the sliding rod through the side wall of the damping block.

[0007] Preferably, the friction block is conical in shape, and the ends of the friction block are rounded.

[0008] Preferably, the upper two inner walls of the buffer cavity are provided with limiting grooves, and the friction block is engaged in the limiting grooves under the action of the compression spring.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of damping rods are evenly provided at the bottom of the buffer cavity, the top of the damping rods are fixedly connected to the damping block, and the buffer spring is arranged around the damping rods.

[0010] Preferably, the buffer spring comprises upper and lower parts, spring A and spring B, wherein the spring constant of spring A is smaller than that of spring B.

[0011] Preferably, the protective plate is arranged in an arc shape, and the protective plate includes a first protective plate and a second protective plate, with a rubber layer fixed between the first protective plate and the second protective plate.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the side plate, and threaded holes are evenly opened on both sides of the mounting plate, with fixing bolts connected by internal threads.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] (1) When the protective plate is impacted by falling rocks and moves downward, the protective plate drives the movable plates on both sides and the damping blocks to move downward, which compresses the buffer spring. The buffer spring deforms and thus buffers the impact force generated by the falling rocks. At the same time as the damping blocks move downward, the friction blocks on both sides are disengaged from the limiting groove. During the downward movement, the friction blocks continuously rub against the inner wall of the buffer cavity and absorb energy through frictional resistance. When rebounding, the friction blocks move in the opposite direction and continue to consume elastic potential energy, so that the peak value of the rebound force is delayed and the amplitude is reduced, which effectively suppresses the vibration of the protective plate after receiving the impact force of falling rocks and improves the stability of the protective plate during protection.

[0015] (2) By setting the buffer spring into two parts, spring A with a small spring coefficient and spring B with a large spring coefficient, the buffer spring has a small spring coefficient and a small rebound force when the deformation is small, and the spring coefficient increases when the deformation is large, thus avoiding excessive deformation. This can reduce the initial rebound force and ensure the load-bearing capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a side view of the side plate and movable plate of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Protective plate, 101. First protective plate, 102. Second protective plate, 103. Rubber layer, 2. Side plate, 3. Buffer cavity, 4. Movable plate, 5. Damping block, 6. Buffer spring, 7. Cavity, 8. Slide plate, 9. Compression spring, 10. Slide rod, 11. Friction block, 12. Limiting groove, 13. Damping rod, 14. Spring A, 15. Spring B, 16. Mounting plate, 17. Fixing bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a rockfall prevention buffer protection device for tunnel construction includes a protective plate 1, side plates 2 on both sides of the bottom of the protective plate 1, a buffer cavity 3 in the side plates 2, a movable plate 4 slidably connected in the buffer cavity 3, the top of the movable plate 4 being fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the protective plate 1, a damping block 5 at the bottom of the movable plate 4, a buffer spring 6 fixedly installed between the bottom of the damping block 5 and the bottom inner wall of the buffer cavity 3, and a damping mechanism for reducing the deformation of the buffer spring 6 in the damping block 5, with multiple damping mechanisms evenly distributed on both sides of the damping block 5;

[0022] The damping mechanism includes a cavity 7 formed inside the damping block 5. Slide plates 8 are slidably connected to both sides of the cavity 7. A compression spring 9 is fixedly connected between the two slide plates 8. A slide rod 10 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slide plate 8. The slide rod 10 passes through the side wall of the damping block 5 and is fixedly connected to a friction block 11.

[0023] When the protective plate 1 is impacted by falling rocks and moves downwards, the protective plate 1 drives the movable plates 4 on both sides and the damping block 5 to move downwards, compressing the buffer spring 6. The buffer spring 6 deforms and thus buffers the impact force generated by the falling rocks. At the same time as the damping block 5 moves downwards, the friction blocks 11 on both sides are disengaged from the limiting groove 12 by force. During the downward movement, the friction blocks 11 absorb energy through frictional resistance. When rebounding, the friction blocks 11 move in the opposite direction and continue to consume elastic potential energy, so that the peak value of the rebound force is delayed and the amplitude is reduced, effectively suppressing the vibration of the protective plate 1 after receiving the impact force of falling rocks.

[0024] The friction block 11 is conical in shape, and the ends of the friction block 11 are rounded.

[0025] Limiting grooves 12 are formed on the inner walls of the upper two sides of the buffer cavity 3. The friction block 11 is engaged in the limiting groove 12 under the action of the compression spring 9. The limiting groove 12 is adapted to the shape and size of the friction block 11, so that the friction block 11 can be disengaged from the limiting groove 12 under force. After the friction block 11 is disengaged from the limiting groove 12, it continuously rubs against the inner wall of the buffer cavity 3 during the movement process, which further reduces the rebound force generated by the deformation of the buffer spring 6. When the buffer spring 6 returns to its original position, the friction block 11 is re-engaged in the limiting groove 12 under the action of the compression spring 9, so as to avoid the compression spring 9 from being fatigued due to being in a deformed state.

[0026] The bottom of the buffer cavity 3 is uniformly provided with several damping rods 13. The top of the damping rods 13 is fixedly connected to the damping block 5. The buffer spring 6 is arranged around the damping rods 13. One end of the buffer spring 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer cavity 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the damping block 5 after surrounding the damping rods 13. The damping rods 13 can not only provide a certain load-bearing capacity for the movable plate 4, but also reduce the rebound force of the buffer spring when the movable plate 4 moves downward under force.

[0027] The buffer spring 6 comprises two parts, spring A14 and spring B15. The spring constant of spring A14 is smaller than that of spring B15, so that the spring constant of buffer spring 6 is small when the deformation is small, resulting in a small rebound force. When the deformation is large, the spring constant increases, avoiding excessive deformation. This can reduce the initial rebound force while ensuring the load-bearing capacity.

[0028] The protective plate 1 is arranged in an arc shape, and the arc of the protective plate 1 is consistent with the arc of the tunnel. The protective plate 1 is made of steel plate. The protective plate 1 includes a first protective plate 101 and a second protective plate 102. A rubber layer 103 is fixed between the first protective plate 101 and the second protective plate 102. A wear-resistant layer is fixed on the top of the first protective plate 101. After a rock falls, it first contacts the wear-resistant layer. The initial impact energy is absorbed by the compression deformation of the wear-resistant layer, reducing the instantaneous force on the first protective plate 101. Then, the energy is further absorbed by interlayer friction and rubber deformation, improving the overall buffer protection effect.

[0029] The bottom of the side plate 2 is fixedly provided with an installation plate 16. The installation plate 16 has threaded holes evenly opened on both sides, and a fixing bolt 17 is connected to the threaded part. The installation plate 16 is fixed to the ground by the fixing bolt 17, which improves the stability of the device when supporting and protecting.

[0030] It should be noted that, for the present invention as fully described, there may be various variations and modifications, and it is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. In summary, the scope of protection of this utility model should include those variations, substitutions, and modifications that are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the appended claims shall prevail.

Claims

1. A rockfall prevention buffer protection device for tunnel construction, comprising a protective plate (1), characterized in that: The protective plate (1) has side plates (2) on both sides of its bottom. A buffer cavity (3) is opened in the side plate (2). A movable plate (4) is slidably connected in the buffer cavity (3). The top of the movable plate (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the protective plate (1). A damping block (5) is provided at the bottom of the movable plate (4). A buffer spring (6) is fixed between the bottom of the damping block (5) and the bottom inner wall of the buffer cavity (3). A damping mechanism for reducing the deformation of the buffer spring (6) is provided in the damping block (5). The damping mechanism includes a cavity (7) opened inside the damping block (5), sliding plates (8) are slidably connected to both sides of the cavity (7), a compression spring (9) is fixedly connected between the two sliding plates (8), a sliding rod (10) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding plate (8), and the sliding rod (10) passes through the side wall of the damping block (5) and is fixedly connected to a friction block (11).

2. The rockfall prevention buffer protection device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction block (11) is conical in shape, and the ends of the friction block (11) are rounded.

3. A rockfall prevention and buffer protection device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: Limiting grooves (12) are provided on the inner walls of the upper two sides of the buffer cavity (3), and the friction block (11) is engaged in the limiting grooves (12) under the action of the compression spring (9).

4. The rockfall prevention buffer protection device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the buffer cavity (3) is uniformly provided with several damping rods (13), the top of the damping rods (13) is fixedly connected to the damping block (5), and the buffer spring (6) is arranged around the damping rods (13).

5. A rockfall prevention and buffer protection device for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer spring (6) includes two parts, spring A (14) and spring B (15), with the spring constant of spring A (14) being smaller than that of spring B (15).

6. A rockfall prevention buffer protection device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective plate (1) is arranged in an arc shape. The protective plate (1) includes a first protective plate (101) and a second protective plate (102). A rubber layer (103) is fixed between the first protective plate (101) and the second protective plate (102).

7. A rockfall prevention buffer protection device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the side plate (2) is fixedly provided with an installation plate (16), and the two sides of the installation plate (16) are evenly provided with threaded holes, and the threaded internal threads are connected with fixing bolts (17).

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