Elliptical head for a pressure vessel

Abstract

The utility model provides an oval pressure vessel head. Oval pressure vessel head includes: head body, the edge assembly is installed in the bottom of head body, the head body contains inner layer, middle layer and outer layer, the inner layer adopts carbon steel as the material, the inner layer is used for bearing pressure load, the middle layer adopts low alloy steel as the material, the outer layer adopts fiber reinforced composite material, the outer layer is used for reinforcing head body, the inner layer is 4 6mm, the middle layer is 2 4mm, the outer layer is 2 4mm, the weight reduction mouth is set up in the outer surface of middle layer. Oval pressure vessel head provided by the utility model, the oval pressure vessel head of this design makes pressure vessel can run under higher pressure, more severe environment, expands the application range and working condition of equipment, and good corrosion resistance reduces the corrosion damage of head, reduces the maintenance frequency and repair cost of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of elliptical pressure vessel heads, and more particularly to an elliptical pressure vessel head. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure vessel heads are an indispensable and important component of pressure vessels. They are welded or installed at both ends of the pressure vessel shell to seal the end of the vessel and form a complete pressure space. They play a key role in bearing the internal or external pressure of the vessel and preventing media leakage.

[0003] Pressure vessel heads can be classified into various types according to their geometry. Among them, the most widely used are elliptical heads, dished heads composed of a spherical body, a transition ring shell, and a short cylinder, spherical heads with uniform stress distribution and strong pressure bearing capacity, conical heads that facilitate media discharge and collection, and flat plate heads with simple structure but poor stress distribution. Elliptical pressure vessel heads, as a commonly used type in medium and low pressure vessels, have a longitudinal section that is not a single curved structure, but rather a combination of a semi-elliptical curve and a straight line. This structural design allows it to transmit stress more evenly to the connected cylinder when subjected to internal or external pressure. It takes into account both good mechanical properties and ease of manufacturing and installation, meeting the requirements of sealing performance and pressure bearing capacity of pressure vessel heads under most medium and low pressure conditions, while also providing a reliable guarantee for the overall structural stability of the vessel.

[0004] Traditional single-material elliptical heads have performance limitations in certain applications. For example, in some applications that require high pressure and high weight and corrosion resistance, a single metal material may not be able to meet these conditions at the same time. Although metal materials have high strength, they are heavy and have insufficient corrosion resistance in some corrosive environments.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an elliptical pressure vessel head to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention provides an elliptical pressure vessel head, which solves the problem of performance limitations of elliptical heads made of single materials in certain application scenarios.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model includes: a head body;

[0008] An edge sealing assembly is installed at the bottom of the end cap body. The end cap body includes an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer is made of carbon steel and is used to bear pressure loads. The middle layer is made of low alloy steel and the outer layer is made of fiber-reinforced composite material and is used to reinforce the end cap body. The inner layer is 4-6 mm thick, the middle layer is 2-4 mm thick, and the outer layer is 2-4 mm thick.

[0009] Weight reduction opening, wherein the weight reduction opening is formed on the outer surface of the intermediate layer;

[0010] The edge sealing assembly is installed at the bottom of the end cap body by a combination of welding, mechanical anchoring and adhesive bonding. The inner, middle and outer layers of the end cap body are connected by a combination of mechanical anchoring and adhesive bonding. The outer layer is made of carbon fiber wrapped around the outer surface of stainless steel.

[0011] Preferably, the edge sealing assembly includes an edge sealing structure and a plurality of reinforcing ribs, the edge sealing structure is a hollow circle, and the reinforcing ribs are connected to the outer surface of the edge sealing structure;

[0012] One side of the reinforcing rib is connected to the outer surface of the outer layer by welding and is reinforced by mechanical anchoring.

[0013] Preferably, the head body includes a bottom, a transition area, and a top, wherein the thickness of the transition area and the top is 2-3 mm thicker than that of the bottom;

[0014] The transition zone is a curved section that facilitates the connection between the top and bottom.

[0015] Preferably, the weight-reducing opening is a hexagonal through-hole, and the edge-sealing assembly is made of carbon steel;

[0016] The hexagonal weight-reduction openings are evenly spaced, which can reduce weight while ensuring the deformation resistance of the intermediate layer.

[0017] Preferably, a reinforcing component is installed on the outer surface of the end cap body, and the top of the reinforcing component has an installation port.

[0018] Preferably, the reinforcing component includes a docking ring and a plurality of reinforcing ribs, one end of which is connected to the docking ring;

[0019] The mating ring is located at the top center of the head body.

[0020] Preferably, a monitoring component is installed inside the mounting port, and the monitoring component includes a fixed base and monitoring parts;

[0021] The monitoring components are pressure sensors and strain gauge sensors, which can monitor the pressure and deformation data of the reinforced components.

[0022] Preferably, the other end of the reinforcing rib is connected to the top of the reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing component is installed on the outer surface of the head body by welding and mechanical anchoring.

[0023] Compared with related technologies, the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This invention provides an elliptical pressure vessel head. To improve the overall performance of the head, the head body is divided into an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer uses carbon steel as the matrix material to bear the main pressure load, ensuring the basic strength and sealing performance of the head. The middle layer uses low alloy steel to increase connection compatibility, while the outer layer uses fiber-reinforced composite material. Through its high-strength fiber structure, the outer layer further improves the overall strength and rigidity of the head. At the same time, the corrosion resistance of the outer composite material can protect the inner metal material and extend the service life of the head. This elliptical pressure vessel head design enables the pressure vessel to operate in higher pressure and harsher environments, expanding the application range and working conditions of the equipment. Meanwhile, the good corrosion resistance reduces corrosion damage to the head, lowering the maintenance frequency and repair costs of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the intermediate layer is provided for this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 Provided for this utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of point A shown;

[0028] Figure 4 Provided for this utility model Figure 2 A magnified view of point B shown;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of the reinforcement component is provided for this utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 Provided for this utility model Figure 6 A magnified view of point C shown.

[0032] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Head body;

[0033] 101. Inner layer; 102. Middle layer; 103. Outer layer;

[0034] 1001, bottom; 1002, transition zone; 1003, top.

[0035] 2. Edge banding components;

[0036] 201. Edge sealing structure; 202. Reinforcing ribs;

[0037] 3. Weight reduction port;

[0038] 4. Reinforcing components: 401, butt ring, 402, reinforcing ribs;

[0039] 5. Monitoring components; 501. Mounting base; 502. Monitoring parts;

[0040] 6. Installation port. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] First Embodiment

[0043] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the intermediate layer is provided for this utility model; Figure 3 Provided for this utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of point A shown; Figure 4 Provided for this utility model Figure 2 The enlarged view at point B is shown. The elliptical pressure vessel head includes: head body 1;

[0044] An edge sealing assembly 2 is installed at the bottom of the end cap body 1. The end cap body 1 includes an inner layer 101, a middle layer 102, and an outer layer 103. The inner layer 101 is made of carbon steel and is used to bear pressure loads. The middle layer 102 is made of low alloy steel and the outer layer 103 is made of fiber-reinforced composite material and is used to reinforce the end cap body 1. The inner layer 101 is 4-6 mm thick, the middle layer 102 is 2-4 mm thick, and the outer layer 103 is 2-4 mm thick.

[0045] Weight reduction opening 3 is formed on the outer surface of intermediate layer 102;

[0046] The edge sealing assembly 2 is installed at the bottom of the end cap body 1 by welding, mechanical anchoring and adhesive bonding. The inner layer 101, the middle layer 102 and the outer layer 103 of the end cap body 1 are connected by mechanical anchoring and adhesive bonding. The outer layer 103 is wrapped with carbon fiber on the outer surface of stainless steel. The weight reduction port 3 penetrates the outer and inner surfaces of the middle layer 102 to reduce the overall weight of the end cap body 1.

[0047] The edge sealing component 2 includes an edge sealing structure 201 and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 202. The edge sealing structure 201 is a hollow circle, and the reinforcing ribs 202 are connected to the outer surface of the edge sealing structure 201.

[0048] One side of the reinforcing rib 202 is connected to the outer surface of the outer layer 103 by welding and is reinforced by mechanical anchoring.

[0049] The end cap body 1 includes a bottom 1001, a transition area 1002 and a top 1003, wherein the thickness of the transition area 1002 and the top 1003 is 2-3 mm thicker than that of the bottom 1001;

[0050] The transition zone 1002 is curved to facilitate the connection between the top 1003 and the bottom 1001.

[0051] The weight-reducing opening 3 is a hexagonal through-hole, and the edge-sealing assembly 2 is made of carbon steel;

[0052] The hexagonal weight-reduction openings 3 are evenly distributed, which can ensure the deformation resistance of the intermediate layer 102 while reducing weight.

[0053] The working principle of the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0054] The head body 1 is divided into an inner layer 101, a middle layer 102, and an outer layer 103. The inner layer 101 uses carbon steel as the matrix material to bear the main pressure load, ensuring the basic strength and sealing performance of the head. The middle layer 102 uses low alloy steel as the material to increase connection compatibility. The outer layer 103 uses fiber-reinforced composite material, which further improves the overall strength and rigidity of the head through its high-strength fiber structure. At the same time, the corrosion resistance of the outer layer 103 composite material can protect the inner metal material and extend the service life of the head. When the head body 1 is subjected to internal pressure, the inner metal material 101 bears the pressure first. When the pressure exceeds its bearing capacity, the fiber-reinforced composite materials of the middle layer 102 and the outer layer 103 begin to play a role in sharing part of the load, enabling the head to withstand higher pressure. The bottom of the multi-layer head is sealed by an edge sealing structure to ensure the stability of the connection.

[0055] Compared with related technologies, the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] To improve the overall performance of the end cap, the end cap body 1 is divided into an inner layer 101, a middle layer 102, and an outer layer 103. The inner layer 101 uses carbon steel as the base material to bear the main pressure load, ensuring the basic strength and sealing performance of the end cap. The middle layer 102 uses low alloy steel as the material to increase connection compatibility. The outer layer 103 uses fiber-reinforced composite material, which further improves the overall strength and rigidity of the end cap through its high-strength fiber structure. At the same time, the corrosion resistance of the outer layer 103 composite material can protect the inner metal material and extend the service life of the end cap. The elliptical pressure vessel end cap designed in this way enables the pressure vessel to operate in higher pressure and harsher environments, expanding the application range and working conditions of the equipment. At the same time, the good corrosion resistance reduces corrosion damage to the end cap, reducing the maintenance frequency and repair costs of the equipment.

[0057] Second Embodiment

[0058] Please refer to the following: Figures 5-6 - Figure 7 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model; Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of the reinforcement component is provided for this utility model;

[0059] Figure 7 Provided for this utility model Figure 6 The enlarged view at point C shows an elliptical pressure vessel head based on the first embodiment of this application. The second embodiment of this application proposes another elliptical pressure vessel head. The second embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment, and its implementation will not affect the independent implementation of the first embodiment.

[0060] Specifically, the difference in the elliptical pressure vessel head provided in the second embodiment of this application is that a reinforcing component 4 is installed on the outer surface of the head body 1, and an installation port 6 is provided on the top of the reinforcing component 4;

[0061] The reinforcing component 4 is located on the outer surface of the head body 1.

[0062] The reinforcement component 4 includes a docking ring 401 and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 402, one end of which is connected to the docking ring 401;

[0063] The mating ring 401 is located at the top center of the head body 1, and the reinforcing ribs 402 are installed at equal intervals.

[0064] The monitoring component 5 is installed inside the mounting port 6. The monitoring component 5 includes a fixed base 501 and a monitoring component 502.

[0065] The monitoring component 502 is a pressure sensor and a strain gauge sensor, which can monitor the pressure data and deformation data of the reinforcement component 4.

[0066] The other end of the reinforcing rib 402 is connected to the top end of the reinforcing rib 202, and the reinforcing component 4 is installed on the outer surface of the head body 1 by welding and mechanical anchoring.

[0067] The material of reinforcement component 4 is the same as that of edge sealing component 2.

[0068] Compared with related technologies, the elliptical pressure vessel head provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] To improve the pressure resistance of the elliptical pressure vessel head, a reinforcing component 4 consisting of multiple reinforcing ribs 402 and a connecting ring 401 is installed on the outer surface of the head body 1. The connecting ring 401 is positioned at the top of the head body 1, while the reinforcing ribs 402 are connected to the sealing edge structure. This design effectively disperses the stress generated by the head when subjected to internal pressure by utilizing the integrated stress structure formed by the reinforcing ribs 402 and the head body 1. In particular, it can reduce the stress concentration in key areas such as the transition zone, significantly improving the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the head, enabling it to adapt to higher pressure conditions.

[0070] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An elliptical pressure vessel head, characterized in that, include: Head body; An edge sealing assembly is installed at the bottom of the end cap body. The end cap body includes an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer is made of carbon steel and is used to bear pressure loads. The middle layer is made of low alloy steel and the outer layer is made of fiber-reinforced composite material and is used to reinforce the end cap body. The inner layer is 4-6 mm thick, the middle layer is 2-4 mm thick, and the outer layer is 2-4 mm thick. The weight reduction port is located on the outer surface of the intermediate layer.

2. The elliptical pressure vessel head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge sealing assembly includes an edge sealing structure and multiple reinforcing ribs. The edge sealing structure is a hollow circle, and the reinforcing ribs are connected to the outer surface of the edge sealing structure.

3. The elliptical pressure vessel head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The head body includes a bottom, a transition zone, and a top, wherein the thickness of the transition zone and the top is 2-3 mm thicker than that of the bottom.

4. The elliptical pressure vessel head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight-reducing opening is a hexagonal through-hole, and the edge-sealing assembly is made of carbon steel.

5. The elliptical pressure vessel head according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reinforcing component is installed on the outer surface of the end cap body, and an installation port is provided on the top of the reinforcing component.

6. The elliptical pressure vessel head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reinforcement assembly includes a docking ring and multiple reinforcing ribs, with one end of each reinforcing rib connected to the docking ring.

7. The elliptical pressure vessel head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The monitoring component is installed inside the mounting port. The monitoring component includes a fixed base and monitoring parts.

8. The elliptical pressure vessel head according to claim 6, characterized in that, The other end of the reinforcing rib is connected to the top of the reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing component is installed on the outer surface of the head body by welding and mechanical anchoring.

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