Combined cooling and heating and power system

Abstract

The application relates to a combined cooling, heating and power system and relates to the technical field of distributed energy utilization, comprising a compressed energy storage system, a fuel cell system and a refrigeration system; the compressed energy storage system is connected with the fuel cell system and the refrigeration system respectively and is used for supplying power to the fuel cell system and the refrigeration system; the fuel cell system is connected with the refrigeration system and is used for delivering waste heat to the refrigeration system. In the embodiment of the application, liquid air compressed energy storage technology, solid oxide fuel cell technology and lithium bromide refrigeration cycle are combined, the compressed energy storage system is used for supplying power to the fuel cell system and the refrigeration system, waste heat generated in the power generation process of the fuel cell system is delivered to the refrigeration system, the waste heat can be converted into cold energy, the refrigeration system can supply cold energy to users and can also supply cold energy to the compressed process of charging the compressed energy storage system, the round trip efficiency of the compressed energy storage system is improved, and therefore, the combined cooling, heating and power system can realize synergistic effect and multi-element energy utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of distributed energy utilization technology, and in particular to a combined cooling, heating and power system. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of global industrialization and the improvement of people's living standards, energy demand continues to rise, and the energy sector faces many severe challenges. The traditional energy supply system relies on fossil fuels, which not only have limited reserves but also cause serious environmental pollution during extraction, transportation, and use. For example, the large amounts of greenhouse gases produced by combustion exacerbate global warming. Meanwhile, although renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power are clean and environmentally friendly, they are greatly affected by natural conditions, resulting in unstable power generation and difficulty in meeting continuous and stable electricity demand, leading to an increasingly prominent contradiction between electricity supply and demand.

[0003] In terms of energy efficiency, current energy utilization methods are mostly quite simple, and there are significant losses during energy conversion and transmission. For example, in traditional thermal power generation, only a portion of the energy is converted into electricity, while the remainder is lost as waste heat, resulting in enormous waste. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a combined cooling, heating and power system to at least partially solve the technical problem of energy loss during conversion and transmission caused by a single energy utilization method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, this application provides a combined cooling, heating and power system, including a compressed energy storage system, a fuel cell system, and a refrigeration system;

[0006] The compressed energy storage system is connected to both the fuel cell system and the refrigeration system to supply power to them.

[0007] The fuel cell system is connected to the refrigeration system to transfer waste heat to the refrigeration system.

[0008] Optionally, the combined cooling, heating and power system includes a first branch, the compression energy storage system includes a first compressor, the fuel cell system includes a first heat exchanger, and the refrigeration system includes a generator;

[0009] The first inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first outlet of the first compressor, and the first branch is connected to the first outlet of the first heat exchanger and the generator respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the compression energy storage system includes a thermal storage device; the refrigeration system includes an evaporator;

[0011] The combined cooling, heating and power system includes a second branch, which is connected to the evaporator and the heat storage device respectively.

[0012] Optionally, the compressed energy storage system includes a first compressor, a separation device, a second compressor, an energy storage device, a thermal storage device, and a power generation device;

[0013] The second outlet of the first compressor is connected to the first inlet of the separation device;

[0014] The first outlet of the separation device is connected to the inlet of the second compressor. The outlet of the second compressor is connected to the inlet of the energy storage device and the inlet of the thermal storage device. The outlets of the energy storage device and the thermal storage device are connected to the power generation device.

[0015] Optionally, the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a combustion chamber, an air-side intake passage, a fuel-side intake passage, a first heater, a second heater, and a combustion chamber; the compression energy storage system includes a first compressor;

[0016] The air-side intake passage has a first air inlet, which is connected to the first outlet of the first compressor. The air-side intake passage is connected in sequence to the second heat exchanger and the first heater. The air-side intake passage is used to connect to the air-side inlet of the fuel cell.

[0017] The fuel-side air intake passage is connected in sequence to the third heat exchanger and the second heater, and is used to connect to the fuel-side inlet of the fuel cell.

[0018] The air-side outlet of the fuel cell is connected in sequence to the inlet of the second heat exchanger and the combustion chamber, while the fuel-side outlet of the fuel cell is connected in sequence to the inlet of the third heat exchanger and the combustion chamber.

[0019] Optionally, the fuel cell system includes a first heat exchanger and a fourth heat exchanger, with the outlet of the combustion chamber connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger and the second outlet of the first heat exchanger connected to the inlet of the fourth heat exchanger.

[0020] Optionally, the fuel cell system includes a constant temperature water tank, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a fourth heat exchanger, the constant temperature water tank being located in the fuel-side air intake passage, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a third heat exchanger.

[0021] Optionally, the compressed energy storage system includes a separation device;

[0022] The air-side intake passage has a second air inlet, which is connected to the second outlet of the separator.

[0023] Optionally, the fuel cell system includes a first valve body disposed between a first air inlet and a second air inlet.

[0024] Optionally, the refrigeration system includes a generator, a condenser, a throttling valve, an evaporator, a fifth heat exchanger, and an absorber; the fuel cell system includes a first heat exchanger.

[0025] The inlet of the generator is connected to the second outlet of the first heat exchanger. The first outlet of the generator is connected in sequence to the condenser, the expansion valve, the evaporator, the absorber, and the fifth heat exchanger. The second outlet of the generator is connected in sequence to the fifth heat exchanger and the absorber.

[0026] This application provides a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system, including a compressed air energy storage system, a fuel cell system, and a refrigeration system. The compressed air energy storage system is connected to both the fuel cell system and the refrigeration system to supply power to them. The fuel cell system is connected to the refrigeration system to transfer waste heat to it. This application combines liquid air compressed air energy storage technology, solid oxide fuel cell technology, and a lithium bromide refrigeration cycle. The compressed air energy storage system supplies power to both the fuel cell system and the refrigeration system. Waste heat generated during the fuel cell system's power generation process is transferred to the refrigeration system, where it is converted into cooling energy. This provides cooling to users and also supplements the cooling during the compression process of the compressed air energy storage system during charging, improving the round-trip efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system. This achieves synergistic efficiency enhancement and diversified energy utilization within the CCHP system.

[0027] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a combined cooling, heating and power system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a combined cooling, heating and power system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a compressed energy storage system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a fuel cell system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a refrigeration system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1. Compressed energy storage system; 2. Fuel cell system; 3. Refrigeration system; 4. First branch; 5. Second branch; 10. Power generation unit; 101. First compressor; 102. Second valve body; 103. Separator; 104. Second compressor; 105. Energy storage device; 106. Thermal storage device; 107. Multistage expander; 108. Turbine; 109. Generator;

[0037] 201. First heat exchanger; 202. Fuel cell; 203. Second heat exchanger; 204. Third heat exchanger; 205. Combustion chamber; 206. Air-side intake passage; 207. Fuel-side intake passage; 208. First heater; 209. Second heater; 210. Combustion chamber; 211. Constant temperature water tank; 212. First valve body; 213. Inverter; 214. Water storage tank; 215. First liquid pump; 2060. First air inlet; 2061. Second air inlet;

[0038] 301. Generator; 302. Condenser; 303. Throttling valve; 304. Evaporator; 305. Fifth heat exchanger; 306. Absorber; 307. Second liquid pump. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0040] The applicant notes that with the acceleration of global industrialization and the improvement of people's living standards, energy demand continues to rise, and the energy sector faces many severe challenges. The traditional energy supply system relies on fossil fuels, which not only have limited reserves but also cause serious environmental pollution during extraction, transportation, and use. For example, the large amounts of greenhouse gases produced by combustion exacerbate global warming. Meanwhile, although renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power are clean and environmentally friendly, they are greatly affected by natural conditions, resulting in unstable power generation and difficulty in meeting continuous and stable electricity demand, leading to an increasingly prominent contradiction between electricity supply and demand.

[0041] In terms of energy efficiency, current energy utilization methods are mostly quite simple, with significant losses occurring during energy conversion and transmission. For example, in traditional thermal power generation, only a portion of the energy is converted into electricity, while the remainder is lost as waste heat, resulting in substantial waste. The supply of cooling, heating, and electricity is often independent, lacking an effective coordination mechanism, further reducing the overall efficiency of energy utilization.

[0042] In view of this, this application provides a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system, including a compressed energy storage system 1, a fuel cell system 2, and a refrigeration system 3. The compressed energy storage system 1 is connected to both the fuel cell system 2 and the refrigeration system 3, and is used to supply power to both systems. The fuel cell system 2 is connected to the refrigeration system 3, and is used to transfer waste heat to the refrigeration system 3. This application combines liquid air compressed energy storage technology, solid oxide fuel cell 202 technology, and lithium bromide refrigeration cycle. The compressed energy storage system 1 supplies power to the fuel cell system 2 and the refrigeration system 3. The waste heat generated during the power generation process of the fuel cell system 2 is transferred to the refrigeration system 3, where it can be converted into cooling energy. This provides cooling to users and also supplements the cooling during the compression process of the compressed energy storage system 1 during charging, improving the round-trip efficiency of the compressed energy storage system 1. This achieves synergistic efficiency enhancement and diversified energy utilization in the CCHP system.

[0043] The combined cooling, heating, and power system of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementation methods can be combined with each other.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a combined cooling, heating and power system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a combined cooling, heating and power system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a compressed energy storage system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a fuel cell system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a refrigeration system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0045] Reference Figure 1This application provides a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system, including a compressed energy storage system 1, a fuel cell system 2, and a refrigeration system 3. The compressed energy storage system 1 is connected to both the fuel cell system 2 and the refrigeration system 3, supplying power to both systems. The fuel cell system 2 is connected to the refrigeration system 3, transferring waste heat to it. This application combines liquid air compressed energy storage technology, solid oxide fuel cell 202 technology, and a lithium bromide refrigeration cycle. The compressed energy storage system 1 can be an LAES (Liquid Air Energy Storage) system, which can efficiently store electrical energy when green electricity is abundant or during off-peak hours. Its working principle is to use electrical energy to compress and cool air into liquid air for storage. When electricity demand changes, such as during peak hours or when other systems require power support, the LAES system releases liquid air, causing it to expand and drive generator 109 to generate electricity, achieving a stable power output. This effectively ensures the continuous and stable operation of various electrical devices in fuel cell system 2 and refrigeration system 3, alleviating the contradiction between power supply and demand and improving the stability and reliability of the entire energy system. Fuel cell system 2 can be an SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell). In the power generation process, the chemical energy of the fuel is efficiently converted into electrical energy, but a large amount of waste heat is also generated. Refrigeration system 3 can be a lithium bromide refrigeration system. The waste heat generated by the SOFC system can be used as the driving energy for the lithium bromide refrigeration system 3. The refrigeration cycle is achieved through the absorption and release characteristics of water by the lithium bromide solution. The cold energy generated by the refrigeration system 3 can be directly delivered to users to meet their cooling needs. On the other hand, during the charging phase of the LAES system, which is the air compression process, a large amount of heat is generated. This cold energy can supplement the cooling of the air compression process, reduce compression energy consumption, thereby significantly improving the round-trip efficiency of the compression energy storage system 1, reducing energy loss, and realizing the cascade utilization of energy.

[0046] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2The combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system includes a first branch 4, a compression energy storage system 1 includes a first compressor 101, a fuel cell system 2 includes a first heat exchanger 201, and a refrigeration system 3 includes a generator 301. The first inlet of the first heat exchanger 201 is connected to the first outlet of the first compressor 101, and the first branch 4 is connected to both the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 201 and the generator 301. When the compression energy storage system 1 is operating, the first compressor 101 starts to compress media such as air. The temperature of the compressed media rises, resulting in higher thermal energy, which is output from the first outlet of the first compressor 101. The high-temperature medium enters the first heat exchanger 201 of the fuel cell system 2 for heat exchange and then flows out through the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 201. The first branch 4 connects the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 201 to the generator 301 of the refrigeration system 3. The medium flowing out of the first heat exchanger 201 enters the generator 301 through the first branch 4, and the generator 301 is filled with a dilute lithium bromide solution. The heat from the high-temperature medium is transferred to the dilute lithium bromide solution, causing the water in the solution to evaporate. Because lithium bromide solution has a strong affinity for water, and the evaporation capacity of water in the lithium bromide solution is enhanced at high temperatures, the water evaporates to form high-temperature, high-pressure water vapor, while the solution becomes concentrated into a concentrated lithium bromide solution due to the reduction of water. The waste heat generated by the fuel cell system 2 is transferred to the refrigeration system 3 as the driving energy for the refrigeration system 3, utilizing the water absorption and release characteristics of the lithium bromide solution. This setup eliminates the need for a separate heat source for the generator 301, reducing energy consumption and thus lowering the operating cost of the entire combined cooling, heating, and power system, improving economic efficiency, and achieving cascaded energy utilization.

[0047] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The compression energy storage system 1 includes a heat storage device 106; the refrigeration system 3 includes an evaporator 304; and the combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system includes a second branch 5, which is connected to both the evaporator 304 and the heat storage device 106. It is understood that during the charging phase of the compression energy storage system 1, a large amount of heat is generated during the compression of a medium such as air. The heat energy generated during the compression process can be stored in the heat storage device 106. For example, the heat storage device 106 can be a container such as an oil tank, where the heat energy is stored in the oil tank via hot oil to achieve heat storage. Simultaneously, during operation, the evaporator 304 of the refrigeration system 3 utilizes a lithium bromide refrigeration cycle to generate cooling. Inside the evaporator 304, low-temperature, low-pressure wet steam evaporates and absorbs heat, achieving a cooling effect. Part of the cooling energy generated by the refrigeration system 3 can be directly supplied to users to meet their cooling needs, while another part can be transferred to the heat storage device 106 through the second branch 5, thereby supplementing the cooling during the compression process of the compression energy storage system 1 during charging. This configuration effectively reduces energy loss during the compression process, thereby significantly improving the round-trip efficiency of the compression energy storage system 1 and enabling the cascade utilization of energy.

[0048] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The compressed energy storage system 1 includes a first compressor 101, a separation device 103, a second compressor 104, an energy storage device 105, a heat storage device 106, and a power generation device 10; the second outlet of the first compressor 101 is connected to the first inlet of the separation device 103; the first outlet of the separation device 103 is connected to the inlet of the second compressor 104; the outlet of the second compressor 104 is connected to the inlet of the energy storage device 105 and the inlet of the heat storage device 106, respectively; and the outlets of the energy storage device 105 and the heat storage device 106 are connected to the power generation device 10, respectively.

[0049] Understandably, the first compressor 101 starts, draws in air and compresses it. A portion of the compressed air is delivered to the first heat exchanger 201 in the fuel cell system 2 through the first outlet of the first compressor 101, while the other portion is discharged from the second outlet of the first compressor 101 and enters the first inlet of the separation device 103. The separation device 103 can use physical or chemical methods to separate different components in the air. In this embodiment, the separation device 103 can separate high-purity nitrogen from the air. The separated high-purity nitrogen is discharged from the first outlet of the separation device 103 and enters the inlet of the second compressor 104, which further compresses the high-purity nitrogen. The outlet of the second compressor 104 is connected to both the energy storage device 105 and the heat storage device 106. Understandably, the compressed and cooled nitrogen can be stored in the energy storage device 105. For example, the energy storage device 105 can be a liquid nitrogen storage tank; the heat energy generated during the compression process can be stored in the heat storage device 106 using hot oil.

[0050] During periods of low green electricity production or peak grid electricity consumption, when electricity is needed, the energy storage device 105 releases the stored gas, and the thermal storage device 106 releases the stored heat. The stored gas and heat flow out from the outlet of the energy storage device 105 and the outlet of the thermal storage device 106, respectively, and work together to power the generator 10. The generator 10 includes a multi-stage expander 107, a turbine, and a generator 109. Liquid nitrogen expands through the multi-stage expander 107 and the heat energy from the thermal storage device 106, and generates electricity through the turbine and generator 109, thereby releasing electricity. Part of the released electricity can power the fuel cell system 2, the refrigeration system 3, and the external grid, and part of it can also be supplied to users through the grid.

[0051] In some embodiments, the second compressor 104 may be a multi-stage compressor. The multi-stage compressor gradually increases the gas pressure through multiple compression stages. Compared with a single-stage compressor, each stage has a smaller compression ratio, which can effectively reduce the temperature rise during the compression process and reduce the energy loss caused by gas overheating.

[0052] In some embodiments, the compressed energy storage system 1 may be provided with a second valve body 102. Exemplarily, the second valve body 102 is disposed between the first compressor 101 and the separation device 103. The second valve body 102 is used to control the air intake during the charging phase during off-peak periods of green electricity production or peak periods of grid electricity consumption, that is, when the compressed energy storage system 1 is discharging, so as to avoid interfering with the discharge process.

[0053] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The fuel cell system 2 includes a fuel cell 202, a second heat exchanger 203, a third heat exchanger 204, a combustion chamber 210205, an air-side intake passage 206, a fuel-side intake passage 207, a first heater 208, a second heater 209, and the combustion chamber 210205. The compression energy storage system 1 includes a first compressor 101. The air-side intake passage 206 has a first air inlet 2060, which is connected to the first outlet of the first compressor 101. The air-side intake passage 206 is sequentially connected to the second heat exchanger 203 and the first heater 208, and is used to connect to the air-side inlet of the fuel cell 202.

[0054] Understandably, when the first compressor 101 of the compressed energy storage system 1 starts, it draws in air and compresses it. A portion of the compressed air is delivered from the first outlet of the first compressor 101 through the first inlet 2060 of the air-side air intake passage 206 to the second heat exchanger 203. The gas supplied from the compressed energy storage system 1 is preheated by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas on the air side of the fuel cell 202 through the second heat exchanger 203. Then, the gas temperature is further preheated to the operating temperature of the fuel cell 202 by the first heater 208 before entering the air side of the fuel cell 202.

[0055] In some embodiments, the fuel-side air intake passage 207 is sequentially connected to the third heat exchanger 204 and the second heater 209, and is used to connect to the fuel-side inlet of the fuel cell 202. It is understood that the fuel gas in the fuel cell system 2 can be preheated by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas on the fuel side of the fuel cell 202 through the third heat exchanger 204, and then further heated to the operating temperature of the fuel cell 202 by the second heater 209 before entering the fuel side of the fuel cell 202. The fuel gas and air undergo an electrochemical reaction to generate direct current (DC), which is then converted into alternating current (AC) by the inverter 213 and input into the power grid to supply power to users.

[0056] In some embodiments, the air-side outlet of the fuel cell 202 is sequentially connected to the inlet of the second heat exchanger 203 and the combustion chamber 210205, and the fuel-side outlet of the fuel cell 202 is sequentially connected to the inlet of the third heat exchanger 204 and the combustion chamber 210205. It is understood that the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the air-side outlet of the fuel cell 202 enters the second heat exchanger 203, where it exchanges heat with the air in the air-side intake passage 206, preheating the air and improving the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell 202. The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the fuel-side outlet of the fuel cell 202 enters the third heat exchanger 204 to preheat the fuel in the fuel-side intake passage 207, achieving cascaded energy utilization. The exhaust gas passing through the second heat exchanger 203 and the third heat exchanger 204 both enter the combustion chamber 210205 for combustion. In the combustion chamber 210205, unreacted fuel is ignited, releasing additional heat.

[0057] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 2 includes a first heat exchanger 201 and a fourth heat exchanger. The outlet of the combustion chamber 210205 is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger 201, and the second outlet of the first heat exchanger 201 is connected to the inlet of the fourth heat exchanger. It is understood that in the combustion chamber 210205, unreacted fuel is ignited, releasing additional heat. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion can be cooled by passing through the first heat exchanger 201 at the outlet of the combustion chamber 210205 before continuing to flow into the fourth heat exchanger. In the fourth heat exchanger, the flue gas undergoes secondary heat exchange with a cryogenic fluid, further releasing heat, causing the flue gas temperature to drop to a system preset temperature before being discharged from the fuel cell system 2. Exemplarily, the cryogenic fluid can be water or other cryogenic working fluid.

[0058] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 2 includes a constant temperature water tank 211. The inlet of the constant temperature water tank 211 is connected to the outlet of a fourth heat exchanger. The constant temperature water tank 211 is located in the fuel-side air inlet passage 207, and the outlet of the constant temperature water tank 211 is connected to the inlet of a third heat exchanger 204. Fuel gas passes through the constant temperature water tank 211, carrying a certain amount of water vapor through bubbling. It is preheated by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas on the fuel side of the fuel cell 202 through the third heat exchanger 204. Then, it is further heated to the operating temperature of the fuel cell 202 by the second heater 209 before entering the fuel side of the fuel cell 202. Furthermore, the constant-temperature water tank 211 is connected to the fourth heat exchanger. After the low-temperature fluid entering the fourth heat exchanger exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas, the heated fluid enters the water storage tank 214. Part of the heated fluid in the water storage tank 214 can be used to provide heat to users, while the other part can flow to the constant-temperature water tank 211 through the first liquid pump 215 to provide a heat source for the constant-temperature water tank 211, maintain a constant water temperature, and be used to humidify the fuel gas. This configuration can effectively recover waste heat from the flue gas and reduce external energy consumption.

[0059] In some embodiments, the compressed energy storage system 1 includes a separation device 103; the air-side intake passage 206 has a second intake port 2061, which is connected to the second outlet of the separation device 103. It is understood that the first compressor 101 compresses air and delivers it to the separation device 103, which separates the compressed gas. The separated high-purity nitrogen is discharged through the first outlet of the separation device 103, and the separated high-concentration oxygen is discharged through the second outlet of the separation device 103. The high-concentration oxygen is connected to the second intake port 2061 of the air-side intake passage 206 via a pipeline, allowing it to mix with the compressed air in the air-side intake passage 206 before entering the air side of the fuel cell 202. Introducing high-concentration oxygen into the air side of the fuel cell 202 can significantly improve the electrochemical reaction environment inside the fuel cell 202. Because oxygen participates in the cathode reaction in the electrochemical reaction of fuel cell 202, a higher concentration of oxygen means that more oxygen molecules can participate in the reaction, which accelerates the electrochemical reaction rate, promotes more complete oxidation of fuel, and thus improves the power generation efficiency of fuel cell system 2. This enables fuel cell system 2 to output electrical energy at a higher power, thereby improving the power generation capacity of the entire combined cooling, heating and power system.

[0060] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 2 includes a first valve body 212 disposed between a first air inlet 2060 and a second air inlet 2061. The first valve body 212 is used to control the opening and closing of the first air inlet 2060. During periods of low green electricity production or peak grid electricity consumption, i.e., when the compressed energy storage system 1 is discharging, the second valve body 102 is closed and the first valve body 212 is opened, thereby controlling the charging phase of the compressed energy storage system 1. Compressed gas is introduced into the fuel cell system 2 through the first air inlet 2060 to avoid interfering with the discharge process of the compressed energy storage system 1.

[0061] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The refrigeration system 3 includes a generator 301, a condenser 302, a throttling valve 303, an evaporator 304, a fifth heat exchanger 305, and an absorber; the fuel cell system 2 includes a first heat exchanger 201; the inlet of the generator 301 is connected to the second outlet of the first heat exchanger 201, the first outlet of the generator 301 is sequentially connected to the condenser 302, the throttling valve 303, the evaporator 304, the absorber, and the fifth heat exchanger 305, and the inlet of the generator 301; the second outlet of the generator 301 is sequentially connected to the fifth heat exchanger 305 and the absorber.

[0062] Understandably, when the compression energy storage system 1 is operating, the first compressor 101 starts to compress media such as air. The compressed media has a higher temperature and higher thermal energy, which is output from the first outlet of the first compressor 101. The high-temperature medium enters the first heat exchanger 201 of the fuel cell system 2 for heat exchange and then flows out through the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 201. The first branch 4 connects the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 201 to the generator 301 of the refrigeration system 3. The medium flowing out of the first heat exchanger 201 enters the generator 301 through the first branch 4. The generator 301 is filled with a dilute lithium bromide solution. The heat from the high-temperature medium is transferred to the dilute lithium bromide solution, causing the water in the solution to evaporate. Because lithium bromide solution has a strong affinity for water, and the water evaporation capacity of the lithium bromide solution is enhanced at high temperatures, the water evaporates to form high-temperature, high-pressure water vapor, while the solution is concentrated into a concentrated lithium bromide solution due to the reduction of water. The concentrated lithium bromide solution enters the absorber through the fifth heat exchanger 305. The high-temperature, high-pressure water vapor from generator 301 enters condenser 302, where it is cooled and condensed into high-temperature, high-pressure liquid water. This liquid water is then throttled and depressurized by throttling valve 303, becoming low-temperature, low-pressure wet steam, which enters evaporator 304. In evaporator 304, the low-temperature, low-pressure wet steam rapidly evaporates, absorbing heat to achieve refrigeration. A portion of the cooling energy generated by the evaporator can be used directly to provide cooling to users. Additionally, it can supplement cooling during the compression process of the compression energy storage system 1 during charging, improving the round-trip efficiency of the system. The evaporated water vapor then enters absorber, where it is absorbed by concentrated lithium bromide solution and reforms into liquid water. This liquid water then mixes with the concentrated lithium bromide solution to form a dilute lithium bromide solution. After heat exchange in fifth heat exchanger 305, the dilute lithium bromide solution returns to generator 301 to begin a new cycle, thus achieving a cyclic refrigeration effect.

[0063] In some embodiments, the refrigeration system 3 is provided with a second liquid pump 307. For example, the liquid pump is located between the outlet end of the absorber and the inlet end of the fifth heat exchanger 305, thereby ensuring the circulation of the lithium bromide solution, maintaining the stable operation of the refrigeration system 3, and achieving efficient refrigeration.

[0064] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0065] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0066] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0067] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A combined cooling, heating and power system, characterized in that, This includes compressed energy storage systems, fuel cell systems, and refrigeration systems; The compressed energy storage system is connected to the fuel cell system and the refrigeration system respectively, and is used to supply power to the fuel cell system and the refrigeration system; The fuel cell system is connected to the refrigeration system and is used to supply waste heat to the refrigeration system.

2. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined cooling, heating and power system includes a first branch, the compression energy storage system includes a first compressor, the fuel cell system includes a first heat exchanger, and the refrigeration system includes a generator; The first inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first outlet of the first compressor, and the first branch is connected to the first outlet of the first heat exchanger and the generator respectively.

3. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed energy storage system includes a thermal storage device; the refrigeration system includes an evaporator; The combined cooling, heating and power system includes a second branch, which is connected to the evaporator and the heat storage device respectively.

4. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed energy storage system includes a first compressor, a separation device, a second compressor, an energy storage device, a thermal storage device, and a power generation device; The second outlet of the first compressor is connected to the first inlet of the separation device; The first outlet of the separation device is connected to the inlet of the second compressor, the outlet of the second compressor is connected to the inlet of the energy storage device and the inlet of the thermal storage device, and the outlet of the energy storage device and the outlet of the thermal storage device are connected to the power generation device.

5. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a combustion chamber, an air-side intake passage, a fuel-side intake passage, a first heater, a second heater, and a combustion chamber; the compression energy storage system includes a first compressor; The air-side intake passage has a first air inlet, which is connected to the first outlet of the first compressor. The air-side intake passage is sequentially connected to the second heat exchanger and the first heater. The air-side intake passage is used to connect to the air-side inlet of the fuel cell. The fuel-side air intake passage is connected in sequence to the third heat exchanger and the second heater, and the fuel-side air intake passage is used to connect to the fuel-side inlet of the fuel cell; The air-side outlet of the fuel cell is sequentially connected to the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the combustion chamber, and the fuel-side outlet of the fuel cell is sequentially connected to the third heat exchanger and the inlet of the combustion chamber.

6. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fuel cell system includes a first heat exchanger and a fourth heat exchanger. The outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the second outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the fourth heat exchanger.

7. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fuel cell system includes a constant temperature water tank, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the fourth heat exchanger. The constant temperature water tank is located in the fuel-side air intake passage, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the third heat exchanger.

8. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The compressed energy storage system includes a separation device; The air-side air intake passage has a second air inlet, which is connected to the second outlet of the separation device.

9. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fuel cell system includes a first valve body disposed between the first air inlet and the second air inlet.

10. The combined cooling, heating and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration system includes a generator, a condenser, a throttle valve, an evaporator, a fifth heat exchanger, and an absorber; the fuel cell system includes a first heat exchanger. The inlet of the generator is connected to the second outlet of the first heat exchanger. The first outlet of the generator is sequentially connected to the condenser, the throttling valve, the evaporator, the absorber, and the fifth heat exchanger. The second outlet of the generator is sequentially connected to the fifth heat exchanger and the absorber.

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