Simple single-piston cylinder ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of experimental equipment technology and discloses a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device, including a chassis, a transformer, a hydraulic cylinder, and a graphite furnace assembly. The graphite furnace assembly includes a disc, a lower tungsten carbide electrode, and an upper tungsten carbide electrode. A graphite ring is fixedly installed inside the disc, and a magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer is installed inside the graphite ring. An alumina furnace core is arranged inside the magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer. The upper tungsten carbide electrode is electrically connected to one of the output electrodes of the transformer, and the lower tungsten carbide electrode is electrically connected to the other output electrode of the transformer. The upper end of the lower tungsten carbide electrode is sealed and extends into the lower end of the graphite ring and is electrically connected to the graphite ring. The lower end of the upper tungsten carbide electrode is sealed and extends into the lower end of the graphite ring. This utility model has a simple structure, can stably provide ultra-high pressure conditions, and the experimental temperature covers low to ultra-high temperatures, meeting the different needs of various fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of experimental equipment technology, and in particular to a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] In research fields such as chemistry, materials science, and geology, related research and production synthesis often require extreme high-pressure conditions ranging from low to ultra-high temperatures. Some experiments require pressures between atmospheric pressure and 4 GPa, and temperatures ranging from 15 K to 2300 °C. Conventional equipment simply cannot meet such stringent experimental conditions. Ultra-high pressure experimental devices are one of the common solutions for experimental conditions ranging from atmospheric pressure to 4 GPa and from room temperature to 1800 °C. However, current domestic ultra-high pressure experimental devices have significant shortcomings: on the one hand, the devices have complex structures, are difficult to operate, and have high maintenance costs; on the other hand, the temperature coverage is limited, only reaching room temperature to 1800 °C, which cannot meet the experimental requirements for higher temperatures. In addition, domestic ultra-high pressure experimental devices use a double-end cooling method, which results in the heat dissipation effect in the middle part of the tungsten carbide cylinder being far less effective than at the ends. Under high-pressure environments, the middle area is more prone to damage due to poor heat dissipation, which not only affects the stability and repeatability of the experiment but also increases equipment wear and safety risks.

[0003] To address this, a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device, thereby solving or at least alleviating one or more of the above-mentioned problems and other problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0006] A simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device includes a chassis, a transformer, a hydraulic cylinder, and a graphite furnace assembly.

[0007] The graphite furnace assembly includes a disc, a lower tungsten carbide electrode, and an upper tungsten carbide electrode. A graphite ring is fixedly installed inside the disc, and a magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer is fixedly installed inside the graphite ring. Two magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layers are provided, and an alumina furnace core is provided between the two magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layers. The upper tungsten carbide electrode is electrically connected to one of the output electrodes of the transformer, and the lower tungsten carbide electrode is electrically connected to the other output electrode of the transformer. The upper end of the lower tungsten carbide electrode is sealed and extends into the lower end of the graphite ring, then rests against the bottom of the lower magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer and is electrically connected to the graphite ring. The lower end of the upper tungsten carbide electrode is sealed and extends into the lower end of the graphite ring, then rests against the top of the upper magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer and is electrically connected to the graphite ring.

[0008] The upper end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower tungsten carbide electrode by a hard lower pad.

[0009] The transformer, the hydraulic cylinder, and the graphite furnace assembly are all installed inside the chassis.

[0010] In a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device according to the present invention, the graphite furnace assembly further includes a lower bottom plate and an upper top plate, the lower bottom plate and the upper top plate are fixedly connected by a connecting column, the lower bottom plate is fixedly installed inside the machine box, the disk is disposed between the lower bottom plate and the upper top plate, the oil cylinder is fixedly installed on the lower bottom plate, and the upper tungsten carbide electrode is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper top plate by a hard upper pad.

[0011] In a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device according to the present invention, both ends of the graphite ring are sealed with high-temperature glass rings, and the high-temperature glass rings are disposed between the inner wall of the disk and the outer wall of the graphite ring.

[0012] In a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device according to the present invention, a spiral channel is provided on the inner wall of the disc body, an inlet pipe connected to the upper end of the disc body and communicating with the upper end of the spiral channel is connected to the lower end of the disc body and an outlet pipe connected to the lower end of the spiral channel is connected to the lower end of the disc body.

[0013] In a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device according to the present invention, a hydraulic pump for supplying hydraulic oil to the cylinder is fixedly installed inside the casing.

[0014] In a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device according to the present invention, a controller is fixedly installed inside the casing, and the power module of the transformer, the hydraulic pump, and the solenoid valve for controlling the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the oil cylinder are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0015] In a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device according to the present invention, a touch screen is embedded in the chassis, and the touch screen is electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] In a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device according to the present invention, the bottom four corners of the machine box are all equipped with casters.

[0017] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The device has a simple structure, can stably provide ultra-high pressure conditions, and the experimental temperature ranges from low temperature to ultra-high temperature (room temperature - 2300℃), meeting the different needs of various fields. It also adopts a disk with built-in cooling water circuit, which makes heat dissipation more efficient and uniform, so as to ensure the durability of tungsten carbide electrodes. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the graphite furnace assembly of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the graphite furnace assembly of this utility model from another perspective;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the graphite furnace assembly of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control principle of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 The circuit principle of the power module of this utility model Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 8 The circuit principle of the power module of this utility model Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 9 The circuit principle of the power module of this utility model Figure 3 .

[0029] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0030] 1. Chassis; 101. Fuma wheel; 2. Touch screen display; 3. Transformer; 4. Hydraulic cylinder; 5. Hydraulic pump; 6. Graphite furnace assembly; 7. Lower base plate; 8. Upper top plate; 9. Connecting column; 10. Plate; 1001. Inlet pipe; 1002. Outlet pipe; 1003. Spiral channel; 11. Lower tungsten carbide electrode; 12. Upper tungsten carbide electrode; 13. Graphite ring; 14. Magnesium oxide insulation and pressure transmission layer; 15. Alumina furnace core; 16. High-temperature glass ring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following will describe in detail the implementation of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the implementation process of how this application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an embodiment of this utility model provides a simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental device, including a chassis 1, a transformer 3, an oil cylinder 4, and a graphite furnace assembly 6; the whole machine is 800mm long, 1048mm wide, 1510mm high, and weighs 275kg.

[0033] The graphite furnace assembly 6 includes a disc body 10, a lower tungsten carbide electrode 11, and an upper tungsten carbide electrode 12. A graphite ring 13 is fixedly installed inside the disc body 10. A magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer 14 is provided inside the graphite ring 13. There are two magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layers 14. An alumina furnace core 15 is provided between the two magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layers 14. The upper tungsten carbide electrode 12 is electrically connected to one of the output electrodes of the transformer 3. The lower tungsten carbide electrode 11 is electrically connected to the other output electrode of the transformer 3. The upper end of the lower tungsten carbide electrode 11 is sealed and extends into the lower end of the graphite ring 13 and then abuts against the bottom of the lower magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer 14 and is electrically connected to the graphite ring 13. The lower end of the upper tungsten carbide electrode 12 is sealed and extends into the lower end of the graphite ring 13 and then abuts against the top of the upper magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer 14 and is electrically connected to the graphite ring 13.

[0034] The upper end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower tungsten carbide electrode 11 by a hard lower pad block;

[0035] Transformer 3, oil cylinder 4 and graphite furnace assembly 6 are all installed inside the chassis 1.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the lower tungsten carbide electrode 11 to move upward through the piston rod, and transmits the mechanical force to the graphite furnace assembly 6 through the hard lower pad. The lower electrode rests against the bottom of the lower magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer 14, and the upper electrode rests against the top of the upper magnesium oxide layer 14. Through the structure of the double magnesium oxide layer sandwiching the alumina furnace core, the axial pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is evenly transmitted to the sample in the alumina furnace core 15, realizing an ultra-high pressure environment of 0.1-4 GPa.

[0037] Transformer 3 outputs a large current of 0-800A to the upper and lower tungsten carbide electrodes 11 and 12. The current flows through the electrodes into the graphite ring 13 to form a heating circuit. Utilizing the resistance heating effect of graphite, the temperature inside the alumina furnace core 15 is raised to room temperature -2300℃. In this embodiment, the graphite ring 13 is a 10V+10V 12KVA AC transformer.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the graphite furnace assembly 6 also includes a lower bottom plate 7 and an upper top plate 8. The lower bottom plate 7 and the upper top plate 8 are fixedly connected by a connecting column 9. The lower bottom plate 7 is fixedly installed inside the chassis 1. The disk body 10 is disposed between the lower bottom plate 7 and the upper top plate 8. The oil cylinder 4 is fixedly installed on the lower bottom plate 7. The upper tungsten carbide electrode 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper top plate 8 by a hard upper pad.

[0039] The lower base plate 7, the upper top plate 8, and the connecting column 9 form a rigid frame, which fixes the disc 10 in the center of the frame, ensuring that the axial pressure applied by the oil cylinder 4 is transmitted in a straight line in the vertical direction, and preventing the disc from shifting or tilting.

[0040] The upper tungsten carbide electrode 12 is connected to the upper top plate 8 through a rigid upper pad with insulating function, which supports the weight of the electrode and prevents current leakage through the metal frame, ensuring that the electrical circuit is conducted only through the graphite ring 13.

[0041] Furthermore, both ends of the graphite ring 13 are sealed with high-temperature glass rings 16, which are disposed between the inner wall of the disk body 10 and the outer wall of the graphite ring 13.

[0042] The high-temperature glass ring 16 is made of fused silica or ceramic glass, remaining solid at 1800℃. It fills the gap between the inner wall of the disk 10 and the outer wall of the graphite ring 13, preventing leakage of high-pressure gas inside the furnace. Simultaneously, it isolates the conductive path between the graphite ring and the disk, preventing current bypass. The low coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass ring, close to that of graphite, accommodates the radial expansion of the graphite ring 13 during heating, preventing sealing failure or structural damage due to thermal stress.

[0043] In this embodiment, a spiral channel 1003 is provided on the inner wall of the disc body 10. The upper end of the disc body 10 is connected to an inlet pipe 1001 that communicates with the upper end of the spiral channel 1003, and the lower end of the disc body 10 is connected to an outlet pipe 1002 that communicates with the lower end of the spiral channel 1003.

[0044] Cooling water flows into the spiral channel 1003 from the inlet pipe 1001, flows around the inner wall of the disk 10 along the spiral path, absorbs the heat generated by the graphite ring 13 in the disk through heat conduction, and is then discharged from the outlet pipe 1002. This allows for rapid heat dissipation of the central part of the graphite furnace assembly, effectively improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the graphite furnace assembly 6 and extending its service life.

[0045] In this embodiment, a hydraulic pump 5 for supplying hydraulic oil to the oil cylinder 4 is fixedly installed inside the casing 1.

[0046] Hydraulic pump 5 converts the mechanical energy of the motor into hydraulic energy, and through the booster circuit, increases the hydraulic oil pressure to 0-100MPa, driving the piston rod of cylinder 4 to move.

[0047] Hydraulic pump 5 is equipped with a pressure sensor to provide real-time feedback on the pressure inside the cylinder. The pump's output flow is adjusted by the control system to achieve precise control with a pressure error of ≤±1%.

[0048] In this embodiment, a controller is fixedly installed inside the chassis 1. The power module of the transformer 3, the hydraulic pump 5, and the solenoid valve used to control the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 4 are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0049] The controller uses a PLC program to synchronously adjust the output current of transformer 3 and the output pressure of hydraulic pump 5 to achieve linear or stepped temperature-pressure coordinated loading.

[0050] Built-in overload protection logic automatically cuts off the transformer power supply and hydraulic pump oil circuit when the temperature exceeds 2300℃ or the pressure exceeds 4GPa to prevent equipment damage.

[0051] In this embodiment, the controller is a Siemens S7-1200 PLC controller.

[0052] Furthermore, a touch screen 2 is embedded in the chassis 1, and the touch screen 2 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0053] Users can input experimental parameters and select heating / pressurization rates via the touch screen 2, and monitor data curves such as temperature, pressure, and time in real time.

[0054] The controller stores experimental data in a local database, and users can export the data via USB or network interface for subsequent analysis.

[0055] Each of the four corners of the bottom of the chassis 1 is equipped with a fuma wheel 101. The fuma wheel is equipped with a height adjustment knob, which can finely adjust the level of the chassis to ensure that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is coaxial with the axis of the disc 10, and avoid uneven pressure caused by off-center load.

[0056] Working principle:

[0057] I. Equipment Installation and Commissioning

[0058] 1. Positioning and Leveling Adjustment

[0059] Push the chassis 1 to the experimental position, and fine-tune the level of the chassis using the height adjustment knob of the bottom fuma wheel 101 to ensure that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is coaxial with the axis of the disc 10 and avoid uneven load.

[0060] Lock the Foma wheel 101 brake and secure the equipment.

[0061] 2. Assembly of graphite furnace component 6

[0062] The following components are installed sequentially within the plate 10: graphite ring 13 → lower magnesium oxide insulation and pressure transmission layer 14 → alumina furnace core 15 → upper magnesium oxide insulation and pressure transmission layer 14.

[0063] The upper tungsten carbide electrode 12 is fixed to the bottom of the upper top plate 8 by a hard upper pad insulating ceramic, ensuring that the lower end of the electrode abuts against the top of the upper magnesium oxide layer 14 and is electrically connected to the center of the upper end face of the graphite ring 13.

[0064] The lower tungsten carbide electrode 11 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 4 through a hard lower pad, ensuring that the upper end of the electrode abuts against the bottom of the lower magnesium oxide layer 14 and is electrically connected to the center of the lower end face of the graphite ring 13.

[0065] High-temperature glass rings 16 are fitted around both ends of the graphite ring 13 to fill the gap between the inner wall of the disk body 10 and the outer wall of the graphite ring, thereby achieving sealing and insulation.

[0066] 3. Hydraulic and electrical connections

[0067] Connect the hydraulic pump 5 to the cylinder 4 with an oil pipe to ensure the oil circuit is sealed and leak-free.

[0068] Connect the two poles of transformer 3 to the upper tungsten carbide electrode 12 and the lower tungsten carbide electrode 11 respectively, and confirm that the insulation layer of the wires is intact.

[0069] Connect the cooling water circulation system and introduce cooling water into the inlet pipe 1001 to ensure smooth water flow in the spiral channel 1003, and discharge it from the outlet pipe 1002.

[0070] II. Sample Loading

[0071] 1. Sample pretreatment

[0072] The experimental sample was placed in the central reaction chamber of the alumina furnace core 15.

[0073] 2. Assemble the seal

[0074] Confirm that the magnesium oxide thermal insulation and pressure transmission layer 14 is tightly wrapped to ensure that the pressure is evenly transmitted to the sample.

[0075] Check the sealing condition of the high-temperature glass ring 16 to prevent sample leakage or current bypass.

[0076] III. Parameter Settings and Experiment Startup

[0077] 1. Input experimental parameters

[0078] The target pressure (0.1-4 GPa), target temperature (room temperature - 2300℃), heating rate (e.g., 100℃ / min), and pressure rate (e.g., 0.2 GPa / min) can be set via the touchscreen display 2.

[0079] 2. Start the hydraulic system

[0080] Start the hydraulic pump 5. The controller monitors the pressure inside the oil cylinder 4 in real time through the pressure sensor, drives the piston rod to move upward, and applies axial pressure to the graphite furnace assembly 6 through the lower tungsten carbide electrode 11 until the preset pressure is reached.

[0081] 3. Turn on the heating circuit

[0082] After confirming that the pressure is stable, transformer 3 starts to output current (0-800A), which forms a heating circuit with graphite ring 13 through the upper and lower electrodes. The graphite ring generates heat through resistance, which raises the temperature of alumina furnace core 15 to the target temperature.

[0083] Cooling water continuously circulates through the spiral channel 1003, controlling the temperature of the disc 10 to ≤200℃.

[0084] IV. Monitoring of the Experimental Process

[0085] 1. Real-time data monitoring

[0086] The touch screen 2 displays real-time parameter curves such as temperature (via thermocouples inside the alumina furnace core), pressure, current, and time.

[0087] Observe whether there are any signs of leakage at the high-temperature glass ring 16 seal, and listen to whether the operating noise of the equipment is abnormal.

[0088] 2. Security Protection Mechanism

[0089] If the temperature exceeds 2300℃ or the pressure exceeds 4GPa, the controller will automatically cut off the power supply to the transformer and the oil circuit of the hydraulic pump, triggering an audible and visual alarm.

[0090] During the experiment, parameters can be paused or adjusted at any time via the display screen, such as extending the heat preservation and pressure holding time.

[0091] V. End of Experiment and Sample Removal

[0092] 1. Cooling and pressure relief

[0093] After the experiment is completed, first turn off the power supply of transformer 3 and stop heating. When the temperature of alumina furnace core 15 drops to ≤100℃, open the pressure relief valve of oil cylinder 4 and slowly release the hydraulic pressure to normal pressure.

[0094] 2. Disassembly and Sample Recovery

[0095] Disconnect the upper tungsten carbide electrode 12 from the upper top plate 8, and remove the graphite furnace assembly 6.

[0096] Carefully remove the alumina furnace core 15, recover the sample, and clean the residual debris from the magnesium oxide insulation and pressure transmission layer 14.

[0097] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the present invention's conception through the foregoing teachings or related technical or knowledge. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A simple single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental apparatus, characterized in that, Includes chassis (1), transformer (3), hydraulic cylinder (4) and graphite furnace assembly (6); The graphite furnace assembly (6) includes a disc (10), a lower tungsten carbide electrode (11), and an upper tungsten carbide electrode (12). A graphite ring (13) is fixedly installed inside the disc (10), and a magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer (14) is fixedly installed inside the graphite ring (13). There are two magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layers (14), and an alumina furnace core (15) is disposed between the two magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layers (14). The upper tungsten carbide electrode (12) is connected to one of the transformers (3). The output electrode is electrically connected. The lower tungsten carbide electrode (11) is electrically connected to the other output electrode of the transformer (3). The upper end of the lower tungsten carbide electrode (11) is sealed and extends into the lower end of the graphite ring (13) and then abuts against the bottom of the lower magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer (14) and is electrically connected to the graphite ring (13). The lower end of the upper tungsten carbide electrode (12) is sealed and extends into the lower end of the graphite ring (13) and then abuts against the top of the upper magnesium oxide heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting layer (14) and is electrically connected to the graphite ring (13). The upper end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower tungsten carbide electrode (11) by a hard lower pad. The transformer (3), the oil cylinder (4) and the graphite furnace assembly (6) are all installed inside the chassis (1).

2. The simplified single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphite furnace assembly (6) also includes a lower bottom plate (7) and an upper top plate (8). The lower bottom plate (7) and the upper top plate (8) are fixedly connected by a connecting column (9). The lower bottom plate (7) is fixedly installed inside the chassis (1). The disk (10) is disposed between the lower bottom plate (7) and the upper top plate (8). The oil cylinder (4) is fixedly installed on the lower bottom plate (7). The upper tungsten carbide electrode (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper top plate (8) through a hard upper pad.

3. The simplified single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the graphite ring (13) are sealed with high-temperature glass rings (16), which are located between the inner wall of the disk body (10) and the outer wall of the graphite ring (13).

4. The simplified single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the disc (10) is provided with a spiral channel (1003). The upper end of the disc (10) is connected to an inlet pipe (1001) that communicates with the upper end of the spiral channel (1003). The lower end of the disc (10) is connected to an outlet pipe (1002) that communicates with the lower end of the spiral channel (1003).

5. The simplified single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic pump (5) for supplying hydraulic oil to the oil cylinder (4) is fixedly installed inside the housing (1).

6. The simplified single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller is fixedly installed inside the chassis (1). The power module of the transformer (3), the hydraulic pump (5) and the solenoid valve for controlling the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the oil cylinder (4) are all electrically connected to the controller.

7. A simplified single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chassis (1) is equipped with a touch screen (2), which is electrically connected to the controller.

8. A simplified single-piston cylindrical ultra-high temperature and high pressure experimental apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The bottom four corners of the chassis (1) are all equipped with fuma wheels (101).

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