An electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device
By combining an antenna module, an attenuation filter module, and a photoelectric conversion module, the problem of electromagnetic pulse attacks failing to trigger timely alarms is solved, enabling rapid alarms and protecting electronic equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING XINGTIANTONG TELECOMM TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, electromagnetic pulse attacks cannot trigger timely alarms, leading to damage to electronic equipment.
An antenna module collects electromagnetic waves and converts them into electrical signals. The signals are then separated into frequency bands by an attenuation and filtering module. An alarm output is achieved by comparing the electrical signals of different frequency bands with a reference voltage using a detection and comparison module. Finally, the alarm is triggered by converting the signals into optical signals through a photoelectric conversion module.
It enables rapid and timely alarm against electromagnetic pulse attacks, protecting electronic equipment from damage.
Smart Images
Figure CN224480739U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electromagnetic pulse attack prediction, and more specifically, to an electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device. Background Technology
[0002] Electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) are generated by nuclear explosions and non-nuclear EMP bombs (high-power microwave bombs). The EMP generated by a nuclear explosion is called a nuclear EMP; any nuclear weapon detonating above ground will produce an EMP, with energy approximately one millionth of the total energy of the nuclear explosion and a frequency ranging from several hundred hertz to several megahertz. Non-nuclear EMP bombs utilize the energy generated by explosive explosions or chemical fuel combustion, converting it into high-power microwave radiation energy through microwave devices. They can emit pulsed microwave beams with peak power exceeding several megawatts and frequencies ranging from 1 gigahertz to 300 gigahertz. This can rapidly generate transient voltages of several thousand volts on exposed conductors (such as exposed wires and printed circuit board traces), causing irreparable damage to numerous electronic devices. Therefore, timely detection and alarm activation of EMP attacks are crucial issues that need to be addressed in many scenarios. Utility Model Content
[0003] This utility model provides an electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device to at least solve the problem of failure to provide timely alarms when subjected to electromagnetic pulse attacks in related technologies.
[0004] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device is provided, characterized in that it includes:
[0005] Antenna module: used to collect electromagnetic waves and convert them into electrical signals;
[0006] Attenuation filtering module: used to separate the electrical signal according to frequency band;
[0007] Detection and comparison module: It realizes alarm output by comparing electrical signals of different frequency bands with different reference voltages.
[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a photoelectric conversion module, which is used to convert the trigger signal output by the detection and comparison module into an optical signal.
[0009] Furthermore, the antenna module includes a receiving antenna and a pre-attenuator for initial attenuation of the field strength level.
[0010] Furthermore, the filtering attenuation module includes a power divider and multiple filters coupled to the power divider.
[0011] Furthermore, each set of filters is coupled to a limiter at its rear end.
[0012] Furthermore, a second attenuator is provided between the power divider and each group of filters, and a third attenuator is provided between each group of filters and the limiter.
[0013] Furthermore, the detection comparison module includes multiple detection comparison components and a power supply module for supplying power to the detection comparison components.
[0014] Furthermore, the photoelectric conversion module includes multiple photoelectric converters and a beam splitter connected to the multiple photoelectric converters.
[0015] This invention enables the collection of electromagnetic waves via an antenna module. After converting the electromagnetic waves into electrical signals, preliminary attenuation is performed to reduce the high field strength level to a level that the backend equipment can tolerate. Simultaneously, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional receiving antenna ensures stable and wider-range induced electromagnetic waves. The electrical signals are separated by frequency bands through an attenuation and filtering module. Then, an alarm output is achieved by comparing electrical signals of different frequency bands with different reference voltages through a detection and comparison module. Finally, the alarm is achieved by a photoelectric conversion module, thus enabling rapid and timely alarm when subjected to electromagnetic pulse attacks. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the detection and comparison component in an electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply component in an electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] In the diagram, 1 is the antenna module; 11 is the receiving antenna; 12 is the pre-attenuator; 2 is the attenuation filter module; 21 is the power divider; 22 is the filter; 23 is the matching attenuator; 24 is the limiter; 3 is the detector comparison module; 31 is the detector comparison component; 32 is the power supply component; 4 is the photoelectric conversion module; 41 is the photoelectric converter; 42 is the beam splitter; 43 is the suppressor; 5 is the load; 6 is the optical fiber; and 7 is the external power supply. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0021] This embodiment provides an electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: antenna module 1: used to collect electromagnetic waves and convert them into electrical signals; attenuation and filtering module 2: used to separate electrical signals according to frequency bands; detection and comparison module 3: used to achieve alarm output by comparing electrical signals of different frequency bands with different reference voltages; photoelectric conversion module 4: used to convert the trigger signal output by detection and comparison module 3 into an optical signal.
[0022] Specifically, in this embodiment, antenna module 1 includes a receiving antenna 11 and a pre-attenuator 12 for initial attenuation of the electromagnetic field strength level. Antenna module 1 is responsible for collecting the electromagnetic wave field strength in space and converting the electromagnetic wave signal into an electrical signal. It also performs initial attenuation, reducing the high field strength level to a level acceptable to the downstream equipment. In this embodiment, the receiving antenna 11 is an ultra-wideband omnidirectional receiving antenna with a biconical structure, achieving a frequency response of 0.4–18 GHz. The pre-attenuator 12 is a high-power attenuator with a working frequency band of DC–8 GHz and a rated power of 100 W. Considering the high coupling voltage of the receiving antenna 11, a high-tolerance N-type interface is selected for the radio frequency interface. The main purpose of the pre-attenuator 12 in antenna module 1 is to initially attenuate the high-level electromagnetic wave converted into a current acceptable to the subsequent circuitry, preparing for subsequent secondary attenuation.
[0023] The attenuation filtering module 2 includes a power divider 21 and multiple filters 22 coupled to the power divider 21. The attenuation filtering module 2 mainly separates the electromagnetic wave signals coupled to the receiving antenna 11 according to the L, S, and C frequency bands. Therefore, it mainly consists of a power divider 21 and filters 22. In order to eliminate the influence of filter mismatch on the power divider 21, in this embodiment, three filters 22 are set, namely 1-2G bandpass, 2-4G bandpass, and 4-8G high-pass filters 22. The load 5 is also connected to the power divider 21. A set of 15dB matching attenuators 23 is installed at the front and rear ends of the filters 22, and a 15dB matching attenuator 23 is installed at the front end of the load 5. Considering that the RF front end needs to withstand an extremely high field strength of 100KV / m, a set of limiters 24 is set at the end stage to protect the trigger comparator.
[0024] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the detection comparison module 3 is the core of the RF front end, including multiple detection comparison components 31 and a power supply module for powering the detection comparison components 31. Its main function is to trigger alarms at the required electric field strength. The detection comparison module 3 mainly consists of three identical detection comparison components 31 and a power supply component 32. The detection comparison module 3 can achieve alarm output by comparing different reference voltages. The power supply component 32 provides the reference voltage and operating voltage for the detection comparison components 31. It can provide 3 sets of 3 voltages, totaling 9 reference voltages, corresponding to the three different electric field strengths L, S, and C. In this embodiment, the trigger threshold is based on the measured calibration value. Nine thresholds are provided. When a threshold is triggered, it can be considered that the field strength of that segment has been reached, and segment control is performed. The switching resistor component can achieve free switching of the three voltages remotely. In this embodiment, the detection comparison component 31 is model LTC5564. This chip can realize both detection and voltage comparison functions on one IC, and its operating frequency is 0.6~15GHz.
[0025] The photoelectric conversion module 4 is a component that converts the trigger signal output by the detector comparison module 3 into an optical signal. It includes multiple photoelectric converters 41 and a beam splitter 42 connected to the multiple photoelectric converters 41. It also includes a suppressor 43. In this embodiment, the photoelectric converter 41 is set as a photodiode to convert the trigger signal into an optical signal. The beam splitter 42 is connected to the optical fiber 6, and the suppressor 43 is connected to the external power supply 7.
[0026] When the receiving antenna 11 detects a field strength, it induces a fixed voltage. This voltage, after attenuation and filtering, enters the detection / trigger circuit as power. This circuit contains a detection comparator that converts the waveform signal induced by the receiving antenna 11 into an envelope waveform, the amplitude of which is proportional to the original field strength value. When an initial calibration voltage (e.g., 2.2 kV / m) is set in the detection comparator, if the amplitude of the induced envelope waveform is less than the calibration voltage, it indicates that the electric field strength is less than 2.2 kV / m; if the amplitude of the induced envelope waveform is greater than the calibration voltage, it indicates that the electric field strength is greater than 2.2 kV / m. The comparator then outputs a pulse signal to the photoelectric conversion component, emitting an alarm light signal.
[0027] This embodiment enables the collection of electromagnetic waves, conversion of the electromagnetic waves into electrical signals, and initial attenuation to reduce the high field strength level to a level that the backend equipment can tolerate. At the same time, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional receiving antenna 11 can ensure stable and wider-range induced electromagnetic waves. The electrical signals are separated by frequency bands through the attenuation filtering module 2. Then, the detection comparison module 3 compares the electrical signals of different frequency bands with different reference voltages to achieve alarm output. Finally, the photoelectric conversion module 4 converts the signal to achieve alarm, thereby realizing a fast and timely alarm when attacked by electromagnetic pulses.
[0028] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application.
[0029] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" used in the embodiments of this application are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship; for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
[0030] Depending on the context, the words “if” or “suppose” as used here can be interpreted as “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection.” Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase “if determination” or “if detection (of the condition or event of the statement)” can be interpreted as “when determination” or “in response to determination” or “when detection (of the condition or event of the statement)” or “in response to detection (of the condition or event of the statement).”
[0031] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. An electromagnetic pulse attack alarm device, characterized in that, include: Antenna module (1): used to collect electromagnetic waves and convert the electromagnetic waves into electrical signals; Attenuation filtering module (2): used to separate the electrical signal according to frequency band; Detection and comparison module (3): Alarm output is achieved by comparing electrical signals of different frequency bands with different reference voltages; The antenna module (1) includes a receiving antenna (11) and a pre-attenuator (12) for initial attenuation of the field strength level; The attenuation filtering module (2) includes a power divider (21) and multiple filters (22) coupled to the power divider (21); each filter (22) is also coupled to a limiter (24) at its rear end; a second attenuator is provided between the power divider (21) and each filter (22), and a third attenuator is provided between each filter (22) and the limiter (24); The detection comparison module (3) includes multiple detection comparison components (31) and a power supply module for supplying power to the detection comparison components (31).
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a photoelectric conversion module (4), which is used to convert the trigger signal output by the detector comparison module (3) into an optical signal.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photoelectric conversion module (4) includes multiple photoelectric converters (41) and a beam splitter (42) connected to the multiple photoelectric converters (41).