A lithium titanate-based wide-temperature-range battery energy storage power system

Abstract

A kind of lithium titanate-based wide temperature range battery energy storage power supply system, it relates to energy storage equipment technical field.It includes equipment shell, lithium titanate battery module, lithium titanate battery module is installed in equipment shell, the lithium titanate battery module is 3P22S battery module, there is control mainboard on the lithium titanate battery module electrically connected, safety cut-off module, BMS management module are integrally arranged on control mainboard, by setting 3P22S lithium titanate battery module that can adapt to wide temperature range, cooperate intelligent management system, it can be directly operated without external temperature control in-30 ℃~60 ℃ environment, power supply is more stable, operating energy consumption is lower, operating cost is lower, ensure base station power supply efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate, and belongs to the field of energy storage equipment technology. Background Technology

[0002] The power supply system for a base station mainly consists of four parts: an AC power supply system, a DC power supply system, a backup power supply system, and a power monitoring system. The AC power supply system includes mains input, transformers, distribution cabinets, and other equipment, responsible for converting mains power into the AC power required by the base station equipment. The DC power supply system includes rectifiers, battery banks, and other equipment, converting AC power into DC power to provide a stable DC power supply for the base station equipment. The backup power supply system mainly includes diesel generators, which can quickly start when the mains power is interrupted, providing temporary power to the base station and ensuring its continuous operation. The power monitoring system is responsible for real-time monitoring and management of the base station's power supply system's operating status, ensuring its safe and reliable operation.

[0003] Currently, lead-acid batteries or lithium iron phosphate batteries are more commonly used in applications. However, lead-acid batteries have a short cycle life, typically only 500-1000 cycles. In scenarios where battery swapping is permitted at base stations, they need to be replaced frequently, resulting in high maintenance costs. They are also larger in size, have lower energy density, occupy more space, have poor adaptability to the installation environment, and have poor low-temperature performance. Their capacity drops sharply below -20 degrees Celsius, requiring additional heating systems in cold regions, which increases energy consumption.

[0004] Lithium iron phosphate batteries also have poor low-temperature performance, with capacity dropping to 70%~80% at -10 degrees Celsius, requiring a heating module, which also increases energy consumption. They may cause thermal runaway under mechanical abuse, requiring high-precision BMS protection. Temperature rise during high-rate charging and discharging will affect system stability, requiring multiple monitoring systems to ensure operational stability, thus affecting actual usage costs and effectiveness. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies or shortcomings in the existing technology by providing a wide-temperature-range lithium titanate battery cell energy storage power system. By setting up a 3P22S lithium titanate battery cell module that can adapt to a wide temperature range, and in conjunction with an intelligent management system, it can effectively achieve direct operation without external temperature control in an environment of -30℃ to 60℃, resulting in more stable power supply, lower operating energy consumption, and ensuring the power supply efficiency of base stations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: it includes a device housing 1 and a lithium titanate battery module 2, the lithium titanate battery module 2 being installed inside the device housing 1, the lithium titanate battery module 2 being a 3P22S battery module, a control motherboard 13 being electrically connected to the lithium titanate battery module 2, and the control motherboard 13 integrating a safety cut-off module 131 and a BMS management module 132.

[0007] Furthermore, the lithium titanate battery module 2 includes several ceramicized silicone separators 21, battery cell supports 22, lithium titanate batteries 23, and support connecting rods 24. The ceramicized silicone separators 21 are connected to the top of the battery cell supports 22. Several battery cell supports 22 and lithium titanate batteries 23 are provided, and the number is the same. The lithium titanate batteries 23 are set inside the battery cell supports 22. Several battery cell supports 22 are stacked and installed in sequence and connected and fixed by the support connecting rods 24 to form a single heat-insulated battery cell module.

[0008] Furthermore, there are 66 lithium titanate cells 23 in total. Every three lithium titanate cells 23 are connected in parallel to form a cell unit, and there are a total of 22 cell units. Each cell unit is connected in series.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery cell module is provided with isolation plates 25 at both ends along its length, and an outer cover plate 26 for the battery cell module is provided on the outside of the isolation plates 25 and connected to the battery cell bracket 22.

[0010] Furthermore, the battery cell bracket 22 includes a bracket body 221 and a limiting plate 222. There are four limiting plates 222, located at the four corners of the bottom of the bracket body 221. The four corners of the battery cell bracket 22 are connecting parts, and the connecting parts are provided with connecting holes 223. The inner side of the connecting parts is provided with fixing grooves 224 to cooperate with the outer cover plate 26 of the battery cell.

[0011] Furthermore, the device housing 1 includes a main housing 11, a front cover 12, and a top cover 15. The front side of the main housing 11 is connected to the front cover 12, the top of the main housing 11 is connected to the top cover 15, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes 111 are provided on the rear side of the main housing 11.

[0012] Furthermore, the front cover 12 is provided with a positive output terminal 3, a negative output terminal 4, a software communication interface 7, a second switching switch 8, an energy indicator light 9, an alarm indicator light 10, and a data communication interface 14, which are electrically connected to the control motherboard 13.

[0013] Furthermore, the safety cut-off module includes a first switching switch 5 and a dry contact 6. The switch and interface parts of the first switching switch 5 and the dry contact 6 are disposed on the front cover 12, while the electrical components are disposed on the control main board 13.

[0014] Furthermore, a fuse is connected in series with the positive terminal of the lithium titanate cell 23 and connected to the BMS management module. The fuse and the BMS management module form a battery protection module. The lithium titanate cell 23 is also connected in parallel with a power resistor and a MOSFET switch.

[0015] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by setting up a 3P22S lithium titanate battery cell module that can adapt to a wide temperature range, and in conjunction with an intelligent management system, it can effectively achieve direct operation without external temperature control in an environment of -30℃ to 60℃, resulting in more stable power supply, lower operating energy consumption, lower maintenance costs, and ensuring the power supply efficiency of the base station. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The second angle view;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model after removing the top cover 15;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention after removing the main shell 11 and the top cover 15;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled state of a single lithium titanate cell 23 in a single cell module of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell support 22 in this utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Equipment housing; 2. Lithium titanate battery cell module; 3. Positive output terminal; 4. Negative output terminal; 5. First switching switch; 6. Dry contact; 7. Software communication interface; 8. Second switching switch; 9. Energy indicator light; 10. Alarm indicator light; 11. Main housing; 12. Front cover; 13. Control motherboard; 14. Data communication interface; 15. Top cover; 21. Ceramicized silicone separator; 22. Battery cell bracket; 23. Lithium titanate battery cell; 24. Bracket connecting rod; 25. Isolation plate; 26. Battery cell outer cover plate; 111. Heat dissipation hole; 221. Bracket body; 222. Limiting plate; 223. Connecting hole; 224. Fixing groove. Detailed Implementation

[0024] See Figures 1-6 As shown, the technical solution adopted in this specific embodiment is as follows: It includes a device housing 1 and a lithium titanate battery module 2. The lithium titanate battery module 2 is installed inside the device housing 1. The lithium titanate battery module 2 is a 3P22S battery module. A control motherboard 13 is electrically connected to the lithium titanate battery module 2. The control motherboard 13 integrates a safety cut-off module 131 and a BMS management module 132. Traditional energy storage power systems mostly use lead-acid batteries or lithium iron phosphate batteries, which have a low typical cycle life and poor low-temperature performance. In cold regions, additional heating systems are required, increasing energy consumption. Therefore, in this embodiment, lithium titanate batteries are used as energy storage carriers. The lithium titanate battery solution has inherently high safety. Its characteristics are: resistance to overcharge / over-discharge (1.5V~3V wide voltage window), no decomposition at high temperatures, and thermal runaway temperature >300℃ (200℃ for LFP). Significantly reducing fire risk, it also boasts a wide temperature range adaptability (-30℃~60℃), allowing direct operation without heating / cooling devices. At -30℃, capacity retention is >85% (lead-acid / LFP requires heating to above -10℃), and at 60℃, cycle life remains above 5,000 cycles (LFP lifespan decreases by 30% at 45℃). Under normal operating conditions, lifespan reaches 10,000~12,000 cycles, greatly reducing equipment replacement frequency and maintenance costs. During normal operation, the filtered DC power supply is input to the rectifier, and the DC is split into two paths: one directly supplies the load, and the other charges the lithium battery. When the grid provides power, the system supplies power to the load and charges the lithium battery; when the grid fails, the lithium battery supplies DC power to the load, ensuring uninterrupted power supply and enabling better long-term operation in areas with frequent grid fluctuations.

[0025] In addition to its inherent safety, the energy storage system also relies on protection modules for the protection and management of the equipment. In this embodiment, a safety disconnection module and a BMS management module are set up to work together. The BMS management module can centrally monitor the charging and discharging status of the energy storage battery and perform protective operations in real time. It can also provide feedback on any faults that occur. The safety disconnection module can quickly disconnect the power supply to prevent damage to the battery.

[0026] More specifically, the lithium titanate battery module 2 includes several ceramicized silicone separators 21, battery cell supports 22, lithium titanate batteries 23, and support connecting rods 24. The ceramicized silicone separators 21 are connected to the top of the battery cell supports 22. Several battery cell supports 22 and lithium titanate batteries 23 are provided in equal numbers. The lithium titanate batteries 23 are disposed within the battery cell supports 22. Several battery cell supports 22 are stacked sequentially and connected and fixed by the support connecting rods 24 to form a single-unit heat-insulated battery cell module. In this embodiment, each lithium titanate battery cell is assembled individually using a battery cell support. The specific arrangement varies depending on the layout of each device housing. The arrangement is flexible, and each lithium titanate cell is isolated by a ceramicized silicone separator, which can better suppress thermal runaway. At the same time, isolation plates 25 are set at both ends of the cell module along its length. An outer cover plate 26 connected to the cell support 22 is set on the outside of the isolation plate 25. The isolation plates and outer cover plates are set at both ends after the cell is assembled, which can more effectively protect the cell. In one embodiment, a vacuum insulation layer can be set on the outside of the assembled cell module, which can better improve the wide temperature range adaptability and reduce the impact of the external environment on the cell module.

[0027] More specifically, there are 66 lithium titanate cells 23 in total. Every three lithium titanate cells 23 are connected in parallel to form a cell unit, resulting in 22 cell units. Each cell unit is then connected in series. Due to the use of a 3P22S cell module—that is, three cells are connected in parallel to form a cell unit, and then each cell unit is connected in series—the capacity of each cell unit is increased while maintaining a constant voltage, thereby improving the energy density of the individual cells. The overall module voltage is lower, and operation is safer. Furthermore, to improve wide-temperature adaptability, in one embodiment, the positive electrode of the lithium titanate cell can be modified by synthesizing nano-sized Li4Ti5O using a sol-gel method. 12 (LTO) particles (50~100nm in diameter) are used to construct a porous structure (porosity ≥40%). Low-temperature performance: Nanoparticle size shortens the lithium-ion diffusion path; the porous structure increases the electrode / electrolyte contact area, reducing ion migration impedance at -30℃ (<10Ω·cm²). High-temperature stability: LTO's "zero strain" characteristic (volume change <1%) prevents structural collapse during high-temperature cycling; capacity decay rate at 60℃ <0.01% / cycle. Doping the LTO lattice with Al³⁺ (1%~3%) or Mg²⁺ (0.5%~1.5%) improves electronic conductivity (from 10⁻⁻¹). 8 S / cm increased to 10⁻ 4 (S / cm), reduces polarization, and can also broaden the lithium-ion insertion / extraction voltage window (1.0~3.0V), suppressing low-temperature lithium plating.

[0028] More specifically, the battery cell bracket 22 includes a bracket body 221 and limiting plates 222. There are four limiting plates 222, located at the four corners of the bottom of the bracket body 221. The four corners of the battery cell bracket 22 are connecting parts, and the connecting parts are provided with connecting holes 223. The inner side of the connecting parts is provided with fixing grooves 224 to cooperate with the outer cover plate 26 of the battery cell. In this embodiment, the battery cell bracket is set as a hollow frame structure, which is more convenient for production and assembly and is more conducive to heat dissipation. At the same time, the connecting holes at the four corners of the battery cell bracket cooperate with the bracket connecting rod, which facilitates the installation and fixing of the battery cell bracket and also facilitates the installation and fastening of the cover plate at the battery cell.

[0029] More specifically, the device housing 1 includes a main housing 11, a front cover 12, and a top cover 15. The front side of the main housing 11 is connected to the front cover 12, the top of the main housing 11 is connected to the top cover 15, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes 111 are provided on the rear side of the main housing 11.

[0030] More specifically, the front cover 12 is equipped with a positive output terminal 3, a negative output terminal 4, a software communication interface 7, a second switch 8, an energy indicator light 9, an alarm indicator light 10, and a data communication interface 14, all electrically connected to the control motherboard 13. The software communication interface is used for software upgrades, and the data communication interface uses RS485 port communication mode to upload data. Data transmission includes BMS parameters, battery operating status, alarms, etc. Communication between parallel-connected modules can be achieved via RS485. The energy indicator light displays the battery capacity percentage using multiple LEDs. The second switch is a power on / off switch; turning off the power cuts off the output.

[0031] More specifically, the safety cut-off module includes a first switching switch 5 and a dry contact 6. The switching and interface portions of the first switching switch 5 and the dry contact 6 are located on the front cover 12, while the electrical components are located on the control main board 13. A fuse is connected in series with the positive terminal of the lithium titanate cell 23 and connected to the BMS management module. The fuse and the BMS management module form a battery protection module. Furthermore, a power resistor and a MOSFET switch are connected in parallel to the lithium titanate cell 23. In this embodiment, each lithium titanate cell is equipped with a fuse to cooperate with the BMS management module for protection. The fuse, in conjunction with the BMS management module, can protect a single lithium titanate cell. When a single cell fails, the system instantly cuts off the power supply for protection. The BMS management module also centrally monitors and provides feedback on the overall operation of the battery module. When the voltage of a single cell is lower than 2.5V or the voltage difference exceeds 800mV, an alarm is triggered through the dry contact and the first switching switch is controlled to cut off the output, causing the battery to enter a dormant state. However, the overall power supply is not cut off. In order to better monitor the temperature, a temperature sensor array can be set on top of the battery module with a detection point spacing of ≤50mm to monitor the operating temperature and more effectively suppress thermal runaway. Multiple voltage and temperature monitoring and intelligent management can better ensure the operation of the energy storage system.

[0032] Even when cells are connected in series to form a battery pack, imbalances can still occur due to differences between individual cells. This requires optimization through balancing technology. In this embodiment, a passive balancing control scheme is adopted, in which a power resistor and a MOSFET switch are connected in parallel to the lithium titanate cell. The control board is equipped with a drive circuit. When the voltage of a certain cell is too high, the corresponding MOSFET is turned on. The energy of the high-capacity cell is dissipated as heat through the resistor discharge, so that the SOC of all cells tends to be consistent. This solves the difference in voltage, capacity or state of charge (SOC) between individual cells, thereby improving the overall performance and life of the battery pack. The passive balancing scheme has a lower cost, which helps to reduce the overall production and maintenance costs.

[0033] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The power system specifications can be customized according to the actual space requirements. The stacking rules of the 66 lithium titanate cells 23 can be adjusted, but it remains a 3P22S cell module. Every three lithium titanate cells 23 are connected in parallel to form a cell unit, and each cell unit is connected in series. The 3P22S cell module composed of lithium titanate cells 23 has excellent wide temperature range adaptability, effectively enabling direct operation without external temperature control in environments ranging from -30℃ to 60℃. At -30℃, the capacity retention rate is >85%, and the cycle life is 10,000~12,000 cycles. At 60℃, the cycle life can still reach over 5,000 cycles. Furthermore, a passive equalization control strategy is adopted to improve the overall performance and lifespan of the battery pack. A safety disconnection module monitors the operation. Each cell is protected by a BMS management module and a fuse. When a cell unit fails, such as when the cell voltage drops below 2.5V or the voltage difference exceeds 800V, the system will take action. When the mV or BMS management module fails, an alarm is triggered through the dry contact 6, and the first switching switch 5 is controlled to cut off the output, so that the cell unit enters the sleep mode and the alarm is deactivated at the same time, realizing automated safety disconnection protection. In addition, each cell is filled and isolated by ceramicized silicone separators 21, which can effectively suppress thermal runaway and further ensure the operational safety of the energy storage system.

[0034] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and is not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of this utility model, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A wide-temperature-range energy storage power system based on lithium titanate cells, characterized in that: It includes a device housing (1) and a lithium titanate battery module (2). The lithium titanate battery module (2) is installed inside the device housing (1). The lithium titanate battery module (2) is a 3P22S battery module. A control motherboard (13) is electrically connected to the lithium titanate battery module (2). The control motherboard (13) integrates a safety cut-off module and a BMS management module.

2. The wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium titanate battery module (2) includes several ceramicized silicone separators (21), battery cell brackets (22), lithium titanate battery cells (23), and bracket connecting rods (24). The ceramicized silicone separators (21) are connected to the top of the battery cell brackets (22). Several battery cell brackets (22) and lithium titanate battery cells (23) are provided, and the number is the same. The lithium titanate battery cells (23) are set inside the battery cell brackets (22). Several battery cell brackets (22) are stacked and installed in sequence and connected and fixed by the bracket connecting rods (24) to form a single heat-insulated battery cell module.

3. The wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are 66 lithium titanate cells (23). Every three lithium titanate cells (23) are connected in parallel to form a cell unit. There are a total of 22 cell units, and each cell unit is connected in series.

4. The wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery cell module is provided with isolation plates (25) at both ends along its length, and an outer cover plate (26) of the battery cell is provided on the outside of the isolation plates (25) and connected to the battery cell bracket (22).

5. A wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery cell bracket (22) includes a bracket body (221) and a limiting plate (222). There are four limiting plates (222) located at the four corners of the bottom of the bracket body (221). The four corners of the battery cell bracket (22) are connecting parts. The connecting parts are provided with connecting holes (223). The inner side of the connecting parts is provided with fixing grooves (224) that cooperate with the outer cover plate (26) of the battery cell.

6. The wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device housing (1) includes a main housing (11), a front cover (12), and a top cover (15). The front side of the main housing (11) is connected to the front cover (12), the top of the main housing (11) is connected to the top cover (15), and a number of heat dissipation holes (111) are provided on the rear side of the main housing (11).

7. A wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front cover (12) is provided with a positive output terminal (3), a negative output terminal (4), a software communication interface (7), a second switching switch (8), an energy indicator (9), an alarm indicator (10), and a data communication interface (14) that are electrically connected to the control motherboard (13).

8. A wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety cut-off module includes a first switching switch (5) and a dry contact (6). The switch and interface parts of the first switching switch (5) and the dry contact (6) are located on the front cover (12), while the electrical components are located on the control main board (13).

9. A wide-temperature-range battery cell energy storage power system based on lithium titanate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lithium titanate cell (23) is connected in series with a fuse and a BMS management module (132) at its positive terminal. The fuse and the BMS management module (132) form a battery protection module. The lithium titanate cell (23) is also connected in parallel with a power resistor and a MOSFET switch.

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