A power turret

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power sword tower belongs to numerical control machine tool technical field, and its technical scheme main points are: including base, tool changing mechanism, tool rest, drive mechanism one, drive mechanism two, pre -tightening subassembly, base is provided with the mounting sleeve, and tool changing mechanism sets up in the mounting sleeve outside, and the tool rest is connected in tool changing mechanism on, drive mechanism one includes motor one, transmission shaft, synchronous belt, and synchronous belt connects motor one's output and transmission shaft, drive mechanism two includes motor two, motor seat, driving wheel, and driving wheel rotatoryly sets up in motor seat, and motor two's output is connected with driving wheel, and driving wheel is connected with tool changing mechanism and can drive tool changing mechanism rotation, and motor seat is provided with the hydraulic mechanism that drives pre -tightening subassembly and is close to, and is far from synchronous belt, and hydraulic mechanism is connected with motor two's output, and motor two is used for single -time drive tool changing mechanism or pre -tightening subassembly work. Synchronous belt is only tensioned when working, and service life increases, and the tool rest can maintain the working accuracy for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and specifically relates to a power turret. Background Technology

[0002] The tool turret is a key component of CNC machine tools (such as CNC lathes and mill-turn centers), used to mount multiple tools and enable automatic tool changing. It selects different tools by rotating or moving, reducing manual tool changing time, improving production efficiency, and enabling multi-stage machining of complex workpieces. For example, Chinese Patent CN110142425A discloses a CNC tool turret, which includes a base, a tool disc disposed at the front end of the base, and a rotating shaft disposed on the tool disc. The base has a mounting cavity. A fixing toothed ring is fixed at one end of the tool disc near the base. A clamping toothed ring that meshes with the fixing toothed ring also slides in the mounting cavity. A first oil cavity and a first oil guide hole are provided at one end of the clamping toothed ring near the fixing toothed ring. A second oil cavity and a second oil guide hole are also provided at one end of the clamping toothed ring away from the fixing toothed ring. A positioning toothed ring that meshes with the clamping toothed ring is also fixed at one end of the base near the tool disc. When the clamping toothed ring moves away from the tool disc, the clamping toothed ring and the fixing toothed ring are completely disengaged, but the clamping toothed ring and the positioning toothed ring are not completely disengaged. A driving component is also provided on the base. This turret, by setting a fixed gear ring, a positioning gear ring, and a clamping gear ring, changes the movement mode of the cutter head and the rotating shaft by moving the clamping gear ring, thereby reducing wear caused by axial movement of the rotating shaft and improving the stability and accuracy of the cutter head.

[0003] The aforementioned turret uses a motor as a drive component to rotate a rotating shaft, which in turn drives the cutting tool inside the cutter head to rotate, thereby machining the workpiece. This type of turret uses a rotating shaft as its power transmission component. The bevel gear at the end of the rotating shaft is difficult and costly to manufacture; currently, the industry largely relies on imported helical bevel gears, leading to increased production costs for the turret.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN215966375U discloses a simplified dual-motor servo turret, comprising a spindle box, a first motor, a second motor, a drive wheel, a drive shaft, a belt, and a tool disc. The second motor is mounted on the spindle box, the drive wheel is located on the power output end of the second motor, the drive shaft is located inside the tool disc and rotatably connected to it, and the belt is wound around the drive wheel and drive shaft. The second motor drives the drive wheel, spindle, and tool on the spindle to rotate, enabling normal tool operation. The tool disc contains several spirally arranged spindles, a bearing sleeve is rotatably connected to the spindle box, and the tool disc is coaxially connected to the bearing sleeve. The first motor is located on the outer side of the spindle, a first bevel gear is located on the power output end of the first motor, a drive rod is rotatably connected to the spindle box, and a second bevel gear is sleeved on the drive rod. The first and second bevel gears mesh with each other. The end of the drive rod has a first external drive tooth, and the outer side of the bearing sleeve has a second external drive tooth that meshes with the first external drive tooth. The first motor drives the tool disc to rotate.

[0005] In this type of turret, the second motor drives the transmission shaft via a belt to rotate, thereby driving the tool. While this solution can reduce production costs, the belt, being constantly under tension, is prone to fatigue and loosening, leading to reduced transmission efficiency and shortened service life. Furthermore, tool changes require the turret to move back and forth, and the transmission shaft and pulley tension and reset the belt, further reducing its lifespan and making it difficult to maintain transmission efficiency long-term. Additionally, since the belt is located inside the spindle box, replacing it necessitates disassembling the turret, and after replacing the belt, the turret needs to be recalibrated, making belt maintenance and replacement inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing a power turret. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to maintain the transmission efficiency of the synchronous belt.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objectives of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A power turret includes a base, a tool changing mechanism, a tool disc, a first drive mechanism, a second drive mechanism, and a pre-tightening assembly. The base has a communicating assembly cavity and a receiving cavity. A positioning plate covering the assembly cavity is disposed in the receiving cavity. An mounting sleeve is disposed on the positioning plate, and the front end of the mounting sleeve is located inside the assembly cavity. The tool changing mechanism is disposed outside the mounting sleeve, and the tool disc is connected to the tool changing mechanism.

[0009] The drive mechanism includes a motor, a drive shaft, and a timing belt. The motor is mounted on the base, the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the front end of the mounting sleeve, and the timing belt connects the output end of the motor to the drive shaft.

[0010] The second drive mechanism includes a second motor, a motor base, and a drive wheel. The second motor is mounted on the motor base, which is mounted on the positioning plate. The drive wheel is rotatably mounted inside the motor base. The output end of the second motor is connected to the drive wheel. The drive wheel is connected to the tool changing mechanism and can drive the tool changing mechanism to rotate.

[0011] The pretensioning component is slidably disposed within the receiving cavity. The motor base is provided with a hydraulic mechanism that drives the pretensioning component to press against and move away from the synchronous belt. The hydraulic mechanism is connected to the output end of the second motor. The second motor is used to drive the tool changing mechanism or the pretensioning component to work once.

[0012] In the aforementioned power turret, an adjustment seat is provided on the base for mounting the first motor. The output end of the first motor passes through the adjustment seat and is connected to the synchronous belt. The adjustment seat is provided with a plurality of oblong holes at intervals. Each oblong hole is provided with a fastening bolt fixed to the base. The plurality of adjustment seats adjust the distance between the output end of the first motor and the drive shaft through the oblong holes, thereby adjusting the tension of the synchronous belt.

[0013] In the aforementioned power turret, a ratchet is rotatably mounted inside the drive wheel. The drive wheel is connected to the output end of the motor via the ratchet. A pawl that engages with the ratchet is mounted on the drive wheel.

[0014] In the aforementioned power turret, the preload assembly includes a support, an idler wheel, and a guide bolt. A slider is provided at the bottom of the support, and the slider slides in conjunction with a groove provided in the receiving cavity. The idler wheel is rotatably mounted on the support and can abut against and disengage from the timing belt. The guide bolt passes through the support and is connected to the base, and the head of the guide bolt can limit the position of the support.

[0015] In the aforementioned power turret, at least one of the guide bolts is provided with a bracket, the bracket is provided with a sensor for detecting the position of the support, and the head of the guide bolt is threaded with a pressure cap, the pressure cap limiting the boss at the lower end of the bracket.

[0016] In the aforementioned power turret, the hydraulic mechanism includes a cylinder, a piston, a connecting pipe, and a rotary wheel. The cylinder is mounted on a motor base, and the motor base has a guide hole communicating with the interior of the cylinder. The piston is slidably disposed within the guide hole and is used to control the flow of oil within the cylinder. The connecting pipe connects the cylinder to an oil passage on the base, and the oil passage extends to the bottom of the slide groove. The oil passage has an oil inlet and an oil outlet. The rotary wheel is rotatably disposed within the motor base, and a track groove is provided on the end face of the rotary wheel. A rotatable sleeve is provided at the outer end of the piston, and the sleeve slides within the track groove. When the rotary wheel rotates, it drives the piston to slide. A second ratchet is rotatably disposed within the rotary wheel, and the second ratchet is connected to the output end of the second motor. The ratchet teeth of the second ratchet face opposite to those of the first ratchet. A second pawl that cooperates with the second ratchet is also disposed within the rotary wheel.

[0017] In the aforementioned power turret, a positioning groove is provided inside the rotating wheel, a positioning ring is provided inside the positioning groove, the second ratchet is located inside the positioning ring, the second pawl is fixed inside the positioning ring, the second pawl is elastically deformable, and the inner wall of the positioning ring has a clearance groove for the second pawl to deform.

[0018] In the aforementioned power turret, the track groove is annular and cam-shaped, with an ejection end near the cylinder and a retraction end away from the cylinder. When the sleeve is at the ejection end, the oil in the oil passage is pushed into the slide groove by the piston. When the sleeve is at the retraction end, the oil in the slide groove is drawn into the oil passage by the piston. A positioning screw is provided at the bottom of the track groove near the ejection end. A preload spring and a ball are provided inside the positioning screw. A limiting surface is provided at the opening of the positioning screw. The preload spring applies a preload force to the ball, pressing the ball against the limiting surface. When the sleeve is close to the positioning screw, the ball is engaged in the sleeve and limits the sleeve's position.

[0019] In the aforementioned power turret, the tool changing mechanism includes an intermediate gear, a tool changing spindle, a fixed gear ring, a movable gear ring, and a locking gear ring. The intermediate gear is rotatably mounted within the base and meshes with the driving gear. The tool changing spindle is rotatably mounted outside the mounting sleeve, and one end of the spindle has a tool changing gear meshing with the intermediate gear. The other end of the spindle is connected to the movable gear ring. The tool disc is bolted to the movable gear ring. The fixed gear ring is detachably fixed to the base, and the fixed gear ring and the movable gear ring are coaxially arranged. The locking gear ring... A toothed ring is slidably disposed on the outside of the tool changing spindle. A supply channel for driving the locking toothed ring to slide is provided on the base. The end of the supply channel is located between the locking toothed ring and the fixed toothed ring. A support ring is provided outside the tool changing spindle. The locking toothed ring is located between the support ring and the fixed toothed ring. A return spring is provided between the locking toothed ring and the support ring. The return spring applies a preload force to the locking toothed ring in the direction of the fixed toothed ring, so that the locking toothed ring engages with the fixed toothed ring and the moving toothed ring, thereby limiting the movement of the moving toothed ring.

[0020] In the aforementioned power turret, the front diameter of the mounting sleeve is smaller than the rear diameter, the cutter head has a through hole, a mounting cover is provided in the through hole, the inner side of the mounting cover has a mounting groove for the front end of the mounting sleeve to be inserted, a ball bearing is provided between the mounting sleeve and the cutter head, the ball bearing is in contact with the mounting sleeve through a bushing, and the outer diameter of the bushing is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the mounting sleeve.

[0021] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0022] Motor 1 drives the transmission shaft to rotate via a synchronous belt, which in turn drives the cutter on the cutter head to rotate. Simultaneously, Motor 2 drives the pretensioning component to slide via a hydraulic mechanism, causing the pretensioning component to press against the synchronous belt. This ensures the synchronous belt remains taut during operation, guaranteeing its transmission efficiency. When the cutter head needs to rotate or the cutter needs to be changed, Motor 1 stops working, and Motor 2, via the hydraulic mechanism, drives the pretensioning component away from the synchronous belt and resets it. Then, Motor 2 drives the tool changing mechanism and the cutter head to rotate synchronously via the drive wheel, achieving tool changing and synchronous belt reset. Furthermore, when the turret stops, Motor 2 similarly drives the pretensioning component away from the synchronous belt, preventing the belt from maintaining tension for extended periods and extending its lifespan.

[0023] When replacing the timing belt, disassemble the motor, pretensioning assembly, and mounting cover. Since the front end of the mounting sleeve is smaller than the rear end, the mounting sleeve and timing belt can be removed from the assembly cavity as a whole. After replacing the timing belt, reinstall the mounting sleeve into the assembly cavity from the receiving cavity direction. When changing tools or replacing timing belts, the cutter head does not need to be moved or disassembled, so there is no need to recalibrate the cutter head, thus maintaining the working accuracy of the cutter head.

[0024] After the pretensioning assembly tightens the timing belt, the balls can limit the sleeve, thereby preventing abnormal piston displacement and maintaining the tension of the timing belt by the pretensioning assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the base in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pre-tightening component in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of the external structure of the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 One of the cross-sectional schematic diagrams;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive mechanism one in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the tool changing mechanism in conjunction with the tool disc and mounting sleeve in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the fixed gear ring, the movable gear ring, and the locking gear ring in the embodiment.

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 4 The second sectional view;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hydraulic mechanism in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of part A;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 13 The above is a schematic diagram of the explosion of ratchet one and ratchet two in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A diagram of another side view;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the engagement of ratchet 1 and pawl 1 in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet wheel 2 and the pawl 2 engaging in the embodiment.

[0041] Reference numerals: 100, base; 110, assembly cavity; 120, receiving cavity; 121, positioning plate; 122, slide groove; 130, protective cover; 131, heat dissipation vent; 140, mounting sleeve; 141, ball bearing; 142, bushing; 150, oil passage; 151, oil inlet; 152, oil drain; 160, supply channel;

[0042] 200. Tool changing mechanism; 210. Intermediate gear; 220. Tool changing spindle; 221. Tool changing gear; 222. Support ring; 230. Fixed gear ring; 240. Moving gear ring; 250. Locking gear ring; 260. Return spring;

[0043] 300, cutter head; 310, through hole; 320, mounting cover; 321, mounting slot;

[0044] 400. Drive mechanism one; 410. Motor one; 411. Adjusting seat; 412. Waist-shaped hole; 420. Drive shaft; 430. Synchronous belt;

[0045] 500. Drive mechanism two; 510. Motor two; 511. Rubber rod; 5111. Surface bearing one; 5112. Surface bearing two; 520. Motor base; 521. Guide hole; 530. Drive wheel; 531. Ratchet one; 532. Pawl one;

[0046] 600, Preload assembly; 610, Support; 611, Slider; 620, Idler wheel; 630, Guide bolt; 640, Bracket; 641, Sensor; 642, Boss; 650, Pressure cap;

[0047] 700. Hydraulic mechanism; 710. Cylinder; 720. Piston; 721. Sleeve; 730. Connecting pipe; 740. Rotary wheel; 741. Track groove; 7411. Push-out end; 7412. Retract end; 742. Ratchet II; 743. Positioning groove; 744. Positioning ring; 7441. Pawl II; 7442. Clearance groove; 750. Resistance ring;

[0048] 800, Locating screw; 810, Limiting surface; 820, Preload spring; 830, Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0050] A type of power turret, such as Figures 1-16 As shown, the device includes a base 100, a tool changing mechanism 200, a tool disc 300, a first drive mechanism 400, a second drive mechanism 500, and a pre-tightening assembly 600. The base 100 has a connected assembly cavity 110 and a receiving cavity 120. A protective cover 130 is provided outside the base 100 to cover the receiving cavity 120. The side wall of the base 100 and the protective cover 130 form a heat dissipation vent 131. A positioning plate 121 is provided inside the receiving cavity 120 to cover the assembly cavity 110. An installation sleeve 140 is bolted to the positioning plate 121, and the front end of the installation sleeve 140 is located inside the assembly cavity 110. The tool changing mechanism 200 is located outside the installation sleeve 140, and the tool disc 300 is connected to the tool changing mechanism 200.

[0051] The drive mechanism 400 includes a motor 410, a transmission shaft 420, and a synchronous belt 430. The motor 410 is mounted on the base 100. The transmission shaft 420 is rotatably connected to the front end of the mounting sleeve 140. The synchronous belt 430 connects the output end of the motor 410 to the transmission shaft 420. The transmission shaft 420 is used to insert into the inner end of the tool on the tool disc 300, so as to realize the purpose of the motor 410 driving the transmission shaft 420 and the tool to rotate.

[0052] The second drive mechanism 500 includes a second motor 510, a motor base 520, and a drive wheel 530. The second motor 510 is mounted on the motor base 520, which is mounted on the positioning plate 121. The drive wheel 530 is rotatably mounted inside the motor base 520. The output end of the second motor 510 is connected to the drive wheel 530. The drive wheel 530 is connected to the tool changing mechanism 200 and can drive the tool changing mechanism 200 to rotate.

[0053] The pretensioning component 600 is slidably disposed within the receiving cavity 120. A hydraulic mechanism 700 is provided on the motor base 520 to drive the pretensioning component 600 to press against and move away from the synchronous belt 430. The hydraulic mechanism 700 is connected to the output end of the second motor 510. The second motor 510 is used to drive the tool changing mechanism 200 or the pretensioning component 600 to work once. Specifically, when the synchronous belt 430 is working, the pretensioning component 600 tensions the synchronous belt 430. When the synchronous belt 430 stops working and the cutter head 300 needs to change tools, the pretensioning component 600 moves away from the synchronous belt 430. Then, the second motor 510 drives the tool changing mechanism 200 and the cutter head 300 to rotate.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figures 4-6As shown, an adjusting seat 411 is provided on the base 100. The adjusting seat 411 is used to mount a motor 410, and the output end of the motor 410 passes through the adjusting seat 411 and is connected to the synchronous belt 430. The adjusting seat 411 has several oblong holes 412 at intervals. The oblong holes 412 are countersunk holes, and each oblong hole 412 is provided with a fastening bolt. The inner end of the fastening bolt is detachably fixed to the base 100, thereby fixing the adjusting seat 411 to the base 100. Loosening the fastening bolts allows the adjusting seat 411 to slide along the length of the oblong holes 412, thereby changing the distance between the output end of the motor 410 and the drive shaft 420. This helps to adjust the tension of the synchronous belt 430 without disassembling the mounting sleeve 140 and the synchronous belt 430.

[0055] like Figures 10-16 As shown, a ratchet 531 is rotatably mounted inside the drive wheel 530. The drive wheel 530 is connected to the output end of the motor 510 via the ratchet 531. A pawl 532 that engages with the ratchet 531 is rotatably mounted on the drive wheel 530. When the output end of the motor 510 rotates in the forward direction, the pawl 532 is elastic and can engage the ratchet teeth outside the ratchet 531, allowing the ratchet 531, pawl 532, and drive wheel 530 to rotate synchronously with the output end of the motor 510. When the output end of the motor 510 rotates in the reverse direction, the ratchet teeth outside the ratchet 531 push the pawl 532 away, and the output end of the motor 510 can only drive the ratchet 531 to rotate freely, while the drive wheel 530 remains stationary.

[0056] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the pre-tightening assembly 600 includes a support 610, an idler wheel 620, and a guide bolt 630. A slider 611 is provided at the bottom of the support 610. The slider 611 is slidably engaged with a groove 122 provided in the receiving cavity 120. The idler wheel 620 is rotatably mounted on the support 610. The guide bolt 630 passes through the support 610 and is connected to the base 100. The guide bolt 630 and the slider 611 cooperate to guide the sliding direction of the support 610. The head of the guide bolt 630 can limit the position of the support 610. An oil passage 150 is provided on the base 100, extending to the bottom of the slide groove 122. Both ends of the oil passage 150 are connected to the slide groove 122 and the hydraulic mechanism 700, respectively. The oil passage 150 has an oil inlet 151 and an oil outlet 152. The oil inlet 151 is located at the heat dissipation port 131, and the oil outlet 152 is close to the lower end of the base 100. Both the oil inlet 151 and the oil outlet 152 are sealed by plugs. The hydraulic mechanism 700 drives the support 610 and the idler wheel 620 to slide as a whole through the oil, so that the support 610 can rise and fall in the slide groove 122, thereby allowing the idler wheel 620 to press against and disengage from the synchronous belt 430.

[0057] Furthermore, at least one guide bolt 630 has a bracket 640 on its head, and a sensor 641 for detecting the position of the support 610 is mounted on the bracket 640. A pressure cap 650 is threaded onto the head of the guide bolt 630, limiting the position of the boss 642 at the lower end of the bracket 640. Rotating the guide bolt 630 changes the height of the bracket 640 and the sensor 641. Moreover, directly using the head of the guide bolt 630 as the mounting position of the bracket 640 makes the bracket 640 easier to manufacture, assemble, and the sensor 641 easier to adjust. In this embodiment, the sensor 641 is a position sensor or a distance sensor. When the support 610 is raised or lowered, the distance between the support 610 and the sensor 641 changes, thereby determining whether the support 610 is in a rising or falling state, and thus determining the tension of the synchronous belt 430.

[0058] like Figure 4 , Figures 9-16 As shown, specifically, the hydraulic mechanism 700 includes a cylinder body 710, a piston 720, a connecting pipe 730, and a rotary wheel 740. The cylinder body 710 is mounted on a motor base 520, which is formed by two separate pipe sections fitting together. A guide hole 521 communicating with the interior of the cylinder body 710 is provided on the motor base 520. The piston 720 is slidably disposed within the guide hole 521 and is used to control the flow of oil within the cylinder body 710. The connecting pipe 730 connects the cylinder body 710 to an oil passage 150 provided on the base 100, and the oil passage 150 extends to the bottom of the slide groove 122. The rotary wheel 740 is rotatably disposed within the motor base 520, and the rotary wheel 740... The core area is penetrated by the output end of motor 2 510. The rotating wheel 740 is in contact with the inner wall of motor base 520 through a resistance ring 750. A track groove 741 is provided on the end face of the rotating wheel 740. A rotatable sleeve 721 is provided on the outer end of the piston 720. The sleeve 721 slides in the track groove 741. When the rotating wheel 740 rotates, the groove wall of the track groove 741 can drive the piston 720 to slide. A ratchet 2 742 is rotatably provided in the rotating wheel 740, and the ratchet 2 742 is connected to the output end of motor 2 510. The ratchet teeth of ratchet 2 742 and ratchet 1 531 face opposite directions. A pawl 2 7441 adapted to ratchet 2 742 is also provided in the rotating wheel 740.

[0059] In this embodiment, the resistance ring 750 is made of rubber, and its main function is to increase the rotational resistance of the rotating wheel 740, preventing the rotating wheel 740 from being rotated by the ratchet 742 at any time, thereby preventing abnormal displacement of the piston 720. A positioning groove 743 is provided inside the rotating wheel 740, and a positioning ring 744 is provided inside the positioning groove 743. The ratchet 742 is located inside the positioning ring 744, and the pawl 7441 is fixed inside the positioning ring 744 or the rotating wheel 740. The pawl 7441 is elastically deformable. The inner wall of the positioning ring 744 has a relief groove 7442. When the ratchet 742 pushes the pawl 7441 outward, the relief groove 7442 allows the pawl 7441 to deform.

[0060] A rubber rod 511 is provided at the output end of motor 2 510. The rubber rod 511 is located between ratchet 1 531 and ratchet 2 742, and the rubber rod 511 has elastic deformation properties. A plane bearing 1 5111 is provided between the rubber rod 511 and ratchet 1 531, and a plane bearing 2 5112 is provided between the rubber rod 511 and the positioning ring 744. That is, ratchet 1 531 is limited by plane bearing 1 5111, and the positioning ring 744 and ratchet 2 742 are limited by plane bearing 2 5112, ensuring that ratchet 1 531 and ratchet 2 742 can rotate synchronously with the output end of motor 2 510 and rubber rod 511 without abnormal displacement.

[0061] The track groove 741 is annular and cam-shaped, with an ejection end 7411 near the cylinder body 710 and a retraction end 7412 away from the cylinder body 710. When the sleeve 721 is at the ejection end 7411, the oil in the oil passage 150 is pushed into the slide groove 122 by the piston 720, causing the oil-driven support 610 to move upward. When the sleeve 721 is at the retraction end 7412, the oil in the slide groove 122 is drawn into the oil passage 150 by the piston 720, causing the support 610 to move downward. A hollow positioning screw 800 is provided at the bottom of the groove near the ejection end 7411 inside 41. A preload spring 820 and a ball 830 are provided inside the positioning screw 800. A limiting surface 810 is provided at the opening of the positioning screw 800. The preload force applied by the preload spring 820 to the ball 830 will press the ball 830 against the limiting surface 810. When the sleeve 721 is close to the positioning screw 800, the ball 830 is inserted into the sleeve 721 and limits the sleeve 721, further preventing abnormal sliding of the piston 720.

[0062] like Figure 2 , Figures 5-9As shown, the tool changing mechanism 200 includes an intermediate gear 210, a tool changing spindle 220, a fixed gear ring 230, a movable gear ring 240, and a locking gear ring 250. The intermediate gear 210 is rotatably mounted inside the base 100 and meshes with the drive wheel 530. The tool changing spindle 220 is rotatably mounted outside the mounting sleeve 140, and one end of the tool changing spindle 220 has a tool changing gear 221 that meshes with the intermediate gear 210. The other end of the tool changing spindle 220 is connected to the movable gear ring 240. The tool disc 300 is bolted to the movable gear ring 240. The fixed gear ring 230 is detachably fixed to the base 100, and the fixed gear ring 230 and the movable gear ring 240 are coaxially arranged. The locking gear ring 250 is slidably mounted outside the tool changing spindle 220. A drive lock is provided on the base 100. The supply channel 160 through which the stop ring 250 slides has its end located between the locking ring 250 and the fixed ring 230. A support ring 222 is provided outside the tool change spindle 220 to contact the assembly cavity 110. The locking ring 250 is located between the support ring 222 and the fixed ring 230. A return spring 260 is provided between the locking ring 250 and the support ring 222. The return spring 260 applies a preload force to the locking ring 250 in the direction of the fixed ring 230, so that the locking ring 250 engages with the fixed ring 230 and the moving ring 240, thereby limiting the moving ring 240. At this time, the fixed ring 230, the locking ring 250, and the moving ring 240 are in a locked state, ensuring that the tool disc 300 will not rotate.

[0063] When oil is supplied to the flow channel 160, the oil enters the receiving cavity 120 and drives the locking gear ring 250 away from the fixed gear ring 230 and the moving gear ring 240. The return spring 260 is compressed by the locking gear ring 250 and the support ring 222, thereby releasing the locking gear ring 250 from limiting the moving gear ring 240. The motor 2 510 can then drive the drive wheel 530, the intermediate gear 210, the tool changing spindle 220, the moving gear ring 240, and the tool disc 300 to rotate as a whole. The oil in the receiving cavity 120 is discharged through the supply channel 160. The return spring 260 pushes the locking gear ring 250 to return to the direction of the fixed gear ring 230, so that the locking gear ring 250, the fixed gear ring 230, and the moving gear ring 240 mesh simultaneously. The fixed gear ring 230, which remains stationary, can limit the moving gear ring 240 through the locking gear ring 230, thereby limiting the tool head 300. At this time, the tool head 300, the tool changing spindle 220, and the intermediate gear 210 cannot be rotated. At the same time, the drive wheel 530 is also limited by the tool changing gear 221 and the intermediate gear 210. In other words, when the tool changing mechanism 200 is locked, the drive wheel 530 is also limited, and the motor 2 510 cannot drive the drive wheel 530 to rotate. In some embodiments, the tool changing mechanism 200 can also directly adopt the tool changing structure disclosed in publication number CN215237911U (patent title: A cam turret for a horizontal lathe).

[0064] like Figures 5-7As shown, the mounting sleeve 140 is fixed to the positioning plate 121 by bolts. The front diameter of the mounting sleeve 140 is smaller than the rear diameter. The cutter head 300 has a through hole 310, and a mounting cover 320 is provided in the through hole 310. The inner side of the mounting cover 320 has a mounting groove 321 for the front end of the mounting sleeve 140 to be inserted. A ball bearing 141 is provided between the mounting sleeve 140 and the cutter head 300. The ball bearing 141 and the mounting sleeve 140 are in contact through a bushing 142, and the outer diameter of the bushing 142 is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the mounting sleeve 140, so that the mounting sleeve 140 can be pulled out from the assembly cavity 110 when disassembling. Moreover, the length of the drive shaft 420 is smaller than the inner diameter of the bushing 142.

[0065] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0066] The output of motor 410 drives the transmission shaft 420 to rotate via the synchronous belt 430. The transmission shaft 420 drives the tool on the cutter head 300 to rotate, and the tool can then process the workpiece. When motor 410 is working, motor 510 can only drive the hydraulic mechanism 700 and cannot drive the tool changing mechanism 200. When the synchronous belt 430 is working, the output of motor 510 drives the support 610 to slide via the hydraulic mechanism 700, so that the idler pulley 620 is pressed against the outside of the synchronous belt 430, and the support 610 and the idler pulley 620 are maintained in this position, thereby tensioning the synchronous belt 430 to ensure the transmission efficiency of the synchronous belt 430. When the synchronous belt 430 stops working, the output of motor 510 still drives the support 610 to move down and reset via the hydraulic mechanism 700, and the synchronous belt 430 is released from tension.

[0067] When the cutter head 300 needs to change tools, motor 1 410 stops working. The output end of motor 2 510 first drives the support 610 to move down through the hydraulic mechanism 700, releasing the tension of the synchronous belt 430. Then, the supply channel 160 supplies hydraulic oil into the receiving cavity 120, causing the locking gear ring 250 to release its limit on the moving gear ring 240. The output end of motor 2 510 then drives the drive wheel 530 to rotate, and the ratchet 2 742 rotates freely. The intermediate gear 210 can then drive the tool changing spindle 220, the moving gear ring 240, and the cutter head 300 to rotate synchronously, realizing the tool changing of the cutter head 300.

[0068] Because the ratchet teeth on ratchet 531 and ratchet 742 face opposite directions, only one of them works at a time, while the other idles; for example, Figure 15As shown, the output end of motor 2 510 rotates in the forward direction, causing ratchet 1 531 to rotate counterclockwise. Pad 1 532 can lock the ratchet teeth outside ratchet 1 531. Ratchet 1 531, pawl 1 532, and drive wheel 530 can then rotate synchronously with the output end of motor 2 510. That is, motor 2 510 drives the tool changing mechanism 200 to rotate, while the ratchet teeth outside ratchet 2 742 will push pawl 2 7441 away. The output end of motor 2 510 only drives ratchet 2 742 to rotate freely, while the wheel 740 remains stationary. Conversely, when the output end of motor 2 510 rotates in the opposite direction, the ratchet teeth on the outside of ratchet 1 531 push pawl 1 532 away, and ratchet 1 531 rotates freely with the output end of motor 2 510. The drive wheel 530 remains stationary, while pawl 2 7441 engages the ratchet teeth on the outside of ratchet 2 742. At this time, the output end of motor 2 510 can drive ratchet 2 742, pawl 2 7441, and wheel 740 to rotate as a whole, causing the groove wall of track groove 741 to push piston 720 to slide. That is, motor 2 510 drives support 610 to slide through hydraulic mechanism 700 until idler wheel 620 presses against synchronous belt 430, at which point support 610 stops moving towards synchronous belt 430.

[0069] In addition, when the power turret stops, the second motor 510 drives the pretensioning component 600 away from the synchronous belt 430 and resets it, so that the synchronous belt 430 will not maintain a tensioned state when it stops working, thereby avoiding the synchronous belt 430 from being in a tensioned state for a long time and improving the service life of the synchronous belt 430.

[0070] When replacing the timing belt 430, drain the oil from the oil passage 150 through the drain port 152, and then remove the motor 410, pretensioning assembly 600, and mounting cover 320. Since the front end of the mounting sleeve 140 is smaller than the rear end, the mounting sleeve 140 and timing belt 430 can be removed from the assembly cavity 110 as a whole. After the timing belt 430 is replaced, reinstall the mounting sleeve 140 into the assembly cavity 110 from the receiving cavity 120. Then, adjust the position of the motor 410 through the oblong hole 412 to assist in adjusting the tension of the timing belt 430. When changing the tool or replacing the timing belt 430, the cutter head 300 does not need to be moved or disassembled, so there is no need to recalibrate the cutter head 300, thus maintaining the working accuracy of the cutter head 300.

[0071] After the pretensioning assembly 600 tightens the timing belt 430, the ball bearing 830 engages with the end of the sleeve 721 and limits the sleeve 721. The resistance ring 750 increases the rotational resistance of the roller 740, thereby preventing abnormal displacement of the piston 720 and maintaining the tension of the timing belt 430 by the pretensioning assembly 600.

[0072] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples of the spirit of this utility model; those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or adopt similar methods to replace them, but without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power turret, characterized in that: The device includes a base (100), a tool changing mechanism (200), a cutter head (300), a first drive mechanism (400), a second drive mechanism (500), and a pre-tightening assembly (600). The base (100) has a connected assembly cavity (110) and a receiving cavity (120). A positioning plate (121) covering the assembly cavity (110) is provided in the receiving cavity (120). An installation sleeve (140) is provided on the positioning plate (121), and the front end of the installation sleeve (140) is located in the assembly cavity (110). The tool changing mechanism (200) is located outside the installation sleeve (140), and the cutter head (300) is connected to the tool changing mechanism (200). The drive mechanism (400) includes a motor (410), a transmission shaft (420), and a timing belt (430). The motor (410) is mounted on the base (100). The transmission shaft (420) is rotatably connected to the front end of the mounting sleeve (140). The timing belt (430) connects the output end of the motor (410) to the transmission shaft (420). The second drive mechanism (500) includes a second motor (510), a motor base (520), and a drive wheel (530). The second motor (510) is mounted on the motor base (520), which is mounted on the positioning plate (121). The drive wheel (530) is rotatably mounted inside the motor base (520). The output end of the second motor (510) is connected to the drive wheel (530). The drive wheel (530) is connected to the tool changing mechanism (200) and can drive the tool changing mechanism (200) to rotate. The pretensioning component (600) is slidably disposed in the receiving cavity (120). The motor base (520) is provided with a hydraulic mechanism (700) for driving the pretensioning component (600) to press against and move away from the synchronous belt (430). The hydraulic mechanism (700) is connected to the output end of the second motor (510). The second motor (510) is used to drive the tool changing mechanism (200) or the pretensioning component (600) to work once.

2. The power turret according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (100) is provided with an adjustment seat (411) for mounting the motor (410). The output end of the motor (410) passes through the adjustment seat (411) and is connected to the synchronous belt (430). The adjustment seat (411) is provided with a plurality of oblong holes (412) at intervals. Each oblong hole (412) is provided with a fastening bolt that is fixed to the base (100). The plurality of adjustment seats (411) adjust the distance between the output end of the motor (410) and the transmission shaft (420) through the oblong holes (412), thereby adjusting the tension of the synchronous belt (430).

3. The power turret according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive wheel (530) is rotatably provided with a ratchet wheel (531), and the drive wheel (530) is connected to the output end of the motor (510) through the ratchet wheel (531). The drive wheel (530) is provided with a pawl (532) that cooperates with the ratchet wheel (531).

4. The power turret according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pre-tightening assembly (600) includes a support (610), an idler wheel (620), and a guide bolt (630). The bottom of the support (610) is provided with a slider (611), which slides in cooperation with a groove (122) provided in the receiving cavity (120). The idler wheel (620) is rotatably mounted on the support (610) and can abut against and disengage from the synchronous belt (430). The guide bolt (630) passes through the support (610) and is connected to the base (100). The head of the guide bolt (630) can limit the position of the support (610).

5. The power turret according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one of the guide bolts (630) is provided with a bracket (640), the bracket (640) is provided with a sensor (641) for detecting the position of the support (610), the head of the guide bolt (630) is threadedly connected with a pressure cap (650), the pressure cap (650) limits the boss (642) at the lower end of the bracket (640).

6. The power turret according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic mechanism (700) includes a cylinder (710), a piston (720), a connecting pipe (730), and a rotary wheel (740). The cylinder (710) is mounted on the motor base (520), and the motor base (520) has a guide hole (521) communicating with the interior of the cylinder (710). The piston (720) is slidably disposed in the guide hole (521) and is used to control the flow of oil in the cylinder (710). The connecting pipe (730) connects the cylinder (710) to an oil passage (150) on the base (100), and the oil passage (150) extends to the bottom of the slide groove (122). The oil passage (150) has an oil inlet (151) and an oil outlet (151). Mouth (152); The rotating wheel (740) is rotatably disposed in the motor base (520). A track groove (741) is provided on the end face of the rotating wheel (740). A rotatable sleeve (721) is provided on the outer end of the piston (720). The sleeve (721) slides in the track groove (741). When the rotating wheel (740) rotates, it drives the piston (720) to slide. A ratchet wheel two (742) is rotatably disposed in the rotating wheel (740). The ratchet wheel two (742) is connected to the output end of the motor two (510). The ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel two (742) and the ratchet wheel one (531) are opposite in orientation. A pawl two (7441) that cooperates with the ratchet wheel two (742) is also provided in the rotating wheel (740).

7. The power turret according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating wheel (740) is provided with a positioning groove (743), and a positioning ring (744) is provided in the positioning groove (743). The second ratchet (742) is located in the positioning ring (744), and the second pawl (7441) is fixed in the positioning ring (744). The second pawl (7441) is elastically deformable, and the inner wall of the positioning ring (744) has a relief groove (7442) for the second pawl (7441) to deform.

8. The power turret according to claim 6, characterized in that: The track groove (741) is annular and cam-shaped, having an ejection end (7411) near the cylinder (710) and a retraction end (7412) away from the cylinder (710); when the sleeve (721) is located at the ejection end (7411), the oil in the oil passage (150) is pushed into the slide groove (122) by the piston (720); when the sleeve (721) is located at the retraction end (7412), the oil in the slide groove (122) is drawn into the oil passage (150) by the piston (720); the track groove (7411) is annular and cam-shaped, having an ejection end (7411) near the cylinder (710) and a retraction end (7412) away from the cylinder (710); 1) A positioning screw (800) is provided at the bottom of the groove near the ejection end (7411). A preload spring (820) and a ball (830) are provided inside the positioning screw (800). A limiting surface (810) is provided at the opening of the positioning screw (800). The preload force applied by the preload spring (820) to the ball (830) presses the ball (830) against the limiting surface (810). When the sleeve (721) is close to the positioning screw (800), the ball (830) is inserted into the sleeve (721) and limits the sleeve (721).

9. The power turret according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The tool changing mechanism (200) includes an intermediate gear (210), a tool changing spindle (220), a fixed gear ring (230), a movable gear ring (240), and a locking gear ring (250). The intermediate gear (210) is rotatably disposed within the base (100) and meshes with the drive wheel (530). The tool changing spindle (220) is rotatably disposed outside the mounting sleeve (140), and one end of the tool changing spindle (220) has a tool changing gear (221) meshing with the intermediate gear (210). The other end of the tool changing spindle (220) is connected to the movable gear ring (240). The tool disc (300) is bolted to the movable gear ring (240). The fixed gear ring (230) is detachably fixed to the base (100), and the fixed gear ring (230) and the movable gear ring (240) are coaxially arranged. The locking gear ring (250) slides... A feed channel (160) for driving the locking gear ring (250) to slide is provided on the base (100) outside the tool changing spindle (220). The end of the feed channel (160) is located between the locking gear ring (250) and the fixed gear ring (230). A support ring (222) is provided outside the tool changing spindle (220). The locking gear ring (250) is located between the support ring (222) and the fixed gear ring (230). A return spring (260) is provided between the locking gear ring (250) and the support ring (222). The return spring (260) applies a preload force to the locking gear ring (250) in the direction of the fixed gear ring (230), so that the locking gear ring (250) engages with the fixed gear ring (230) and the moving gear ring (240), thereby limiting the moving gear ring (240).

10. The power turret according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The front diameter of the mounting sleeve (140) is smaller than the rear diameter. The cutter head (300) has a through hole (310). A mounting cover (320) is provided in the through hole (310). The inner side of the mounting cover (320) has a mounting groove (321) for the front end of the mounting sleeve (140) to be inserted. A ball bearing (141) is provided between the mounting sleeve (140) and the cutter head (300). The ball bearing (141) is in contact with the mounting sleeve (140) through a bushing (142). The outer diameter of the bushing (142) is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the mounting sleeve (140).

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