Variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail and straddle-type monorail vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of cross-section wind channel for straddle-type monorail and straddle-type monorail vehicle, it is related to railway vehicle technical field, variable cross-section wind channel includes air duct main body, air duct main body top is provided with air inlet, and inside is provided with the variable cross-section wind channel area being linked with air inlet communication;The bottom of air duct main body is provided with multiple air supply outlets;The opening area of multiple air supply outlets increases along airflow direction.By variable cross-section design, actively control flow rate change, reduce overall resistance.At the same time, through gradient expansion air supply outlet layout, make airflow pressure and air outlet area match, significantly improve uniformity.Effectively reduce air duct internal airflow resistance, reduce structure weight, and realize the uniform air supply of different areas in carriage, to improve passenger comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail and a straddle-type monorail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The conventional ventilation systems used in straddle-type monorail vehicles currently suffer from numerous technical defects. For example, the unreasonable structural design of traditional ventilation ducts leads to a significant increase in airflow resistance, which not only increases fan energy consumption but also reduces overall ventilation efficiency. Furthermore, the lack of a scientifically designed airflow organization within the ducts results in poor airflow uniformity, easily creating localized dead zones or areas of strong wind within the carriage, severely impacting passenger comfort. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail vehicles, which can improve ventilation efficiency, reduce airflow resistance and enhance airflow uniformity.

[0004] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides a variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail and a straddle-type monorail vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails, including an air duct body, an air inlet at the top of the air duct body, and a variable cross-section air duct area connected to the air inlet inside; multiple air outlets are provided at the bottom of the air duct body; the opening area of ​​the multiple air outlets increases along the airflow direction.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail vehicles of this utility model are:

[0007] For straddle-type monorail vehicles, after airflow enters the variable cross-section duct area from the upper air inlet, the change in the duct cross-section causes a redistribution of airflow velocity, reducing pressure loss caused by local turbulence. As the airflow is transported further away, the area of ​​the lower air outlet gradually increases, increasing the effective air outlet area at the far end and compensating for the reduction in airflow caused by pressure attenuation. For example, using a smaller opening at the front of the duct and a larger opening at the rear can balance the airflow difference between the front and rear areas. The variable cross-section duct of this invention actively controls the change in flow velocity through variable cross-section design, reducing overall resistance. At the same time, the gradient expansion of the air outlet layout matches the airflow pressure with the air outlet area, significantly improving uniformity. This effectively reduces airflow resistance inside the duct, lightens structural weight, and achieves uniform airflow in different areas of the carriage, thereby improving passenger comfort.

[0008] Optionally, the variable cross-section air duct area includes a first variable cross-section area and a second variable cross-section area; the first variable cross-section area is located on one side of the air inlet, and the height of the first variable cross-section area decreases along the airflow direction; the second variable cross-section area is connected to the side of the first variable cross-section area away from the air inlet, and multiple inclined air guide plates are provided inside the second variable cross-section area, which divide the second variable cross-section area into multiple sub-air ducts; the width of the sub-air ducts decreases along the airflow direction.

[0009] Optionally, a baffle plate is installed inside the duct body, and the baffle plate is configured to direct the airflow flowing through the baffle plate to the first variable cross-section area.

[0010] Optionally, the variable cross-section duct area also includes a third variable cross-section area, which is located on the other side of the air inlet, and the width of the third variable cross-section area decreases along the airflow direction.

[0011] Optionally, an adjustable baffle is provided at the entrance of the third variable cross-section zone, which is used to control the air volume entering the third variable cross-section zone.

[0012] Optionally, the air outlets located in the first and second variable cross-section regions are elongated holes; the air outlets located in the third variable cross-section region are round holes and / or square holes.

[0013] Optionally, an aluminum alloy sheet metal part is provided at the air inlet, which is connected to the air duct body by bolts.

[0014] Optionally, the aluminum alloy sheet metal part is provided with a pressing sponge.

[0015] Secondly, this utility model provides a straddle-type monorail vehicle, including the aforementioned variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the air guide vanes;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of air outlets;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a simplified layout diagram of the variable cross-section air duct area.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0022] 1. Main body of the air duct; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet; 2. Variable cross-section air duct area; 21. First variable cross-section area; 22. Second variable cross-section area; 23. Third variable cross-section area; 3. Adjustable baffle; 4. Guide plate; 5. Air guide plate; 6. Aluminum alloy sheet metal parts. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this utility model can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this utility model. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of this utility model are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0024] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this utility model are only used to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "one" and "multiple" used in this utility model are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0026] Please combine Figure 1-5 This utility model discloses a variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail, including an air duct body 1, an air inlet 11 at the top of the air duct body 1, and a variable cross-section air duct area 2 connected to the air inlet 11 inside; a plurality of air outlets 12 at the bottom of the air duct body 1; the opening area of ​​the plurality of air outlets 12 increases along the airflow direction.

[0027] The main body of the air duct 1 refers to the core structure that carries the airflow transport function. It can be achieved by splicing segmented shells, for example, by connecting them with flanges to form an integral flow channel. The variable cross-section air duct area 2 refers to the flow channel region where the internal cross-sectional area changes along the airflow direction. This can be achieved by changing the height or width of the flow channel, for example, by using inclined sidewalls or a stepped contraction structure. The air outlet 12 refers to the air outlet that guides the airflow into the carriage. It can be achieved by using elongated holes or an array of circular holes. The increasing opening area can be achieved by gradually increasing the hole diameter or increasing the hole spacing.

[0028] Specifically, after the airflow enters the variable cross-section duct area 2 from the air inlet 11, the change in the duct cross-section causes a redistribution of airflow velocity, reducing pressure loss caused by local turbulence. As the airflow is delivered further, the area of ​​the air outlet 12 gradually increases, increasing the effective air outlet area of ​​the far-end air outlet 12 and compensating for the reduction in airflow caused by pressure attenuation. For example, using a smaller opening at the front of the duct and a larger opening at the rear can balance the airflow difference between the front and rear areas. Compared with existing technologies, the constant cross-section flow channel of traditional ducts cannot adjust the airflow velocity distribution, resulting in pressure loss concentrated in specific areas. This embodiment actively controls the flow velocity change through a variable cross-section design, reducing overall resistance. At the same time, the fixed area of ​​the existing air outlet 12 leads to insufficient airflow at the far end, while this embodiment, through the gradient expansion of the air outlet 12 layout, matches the airflow pressure with the air outlet area, significantly improving uniformity. This effectively reduces airflow resistance inside the duct, lightens the structural weight, and achieves uniform airflow in different areas of the carriage, thereby improving passenger comfort.

[0029] Optionally, the variable cross-section air duct area 2 includes a first variable cross-section area 21 and a second variable cross-section area 22; the first variable cross-section area 21 is located on one side of the air inlet 11, and the height of the first variable cross-section area 21 decreases along the airflow direction; the second variable cross-section area 22 is connected to the side of the first variable cross-section area 21 away from the air inlet 11, and a plurality of inclined air guide plates 5 are provided inside the second variable cross-section area 22, which divides the second variable cross-section area 22 into a plurality of sub-air ducts; the width of the sub-air ducts decreases along the airflow direction.

[0030] The first variable cross-section zone 21 refers to the area located on one side of the air inlet 11, whose height gradually decreases along the airflow direction. It can be implemented using a trapezoidal or wedge-shaped structure. The decreasing height accelerates the airflow and reduces local resistance. For example, the upper surface of the first variable cross-section zone 21 can be inclined to achieve a variable cross-section. The second variable cross-section zone 22 refers to the area connected to the first variable cross-section zone 21 and internally equipped with inclined air guide plates 5. It can be implemented using multiple metal or plastic plates, divided by the air guide plates 5 to form multiple independent sub-channels, guiding the airflow for uniform distribution. Each sub-channel is an independent airflow passage formed by the air guide plates 5. It can be implemented using a design where the width gradually decreases along the airflow direction. The decreasing width balances the airflow pressure at different locations, reducing vortex generation.

[0031] Specifically, after the airflow enters the first variable cross-section zone 21 from the air inlet 11, the flow velocity increases and the flow tends to stabilize due to the gradual decrease in height. The airflow then enters the second variable cross-section zone 22, where the inclined guide vane 5 divides the airflow into multiple sub-channels. The width of the sub-channels decreases along the airflow direction, further homogenizing the airflow within them. Through the synergistic effect of the first and second variable cross-section zones 21 and 22, airflow resistance is effectively reduced, while airflow uniformity is improved. By employing a staged variable cross-section design, combined with the segmentation by the guide vane 5 and the decreasing width of the sub-channels, the airflow is accelerated and evenly distributed during the two cross-section changes. This solves the flow separation problem caused by the simple structure of traditional ducts, thereby reducing energy loss and improving the airflow effect inside straddle-type monorail vehicles, meeting passengers' comfort needs.

[0032] Optionally, a guide vane 4 is installed inside the duct body 1, and the guide vane 4 is configured to direct the airflow flowing through the guide vane 4 to the first variable cross-section region 21.

[0033] The guide vane 4 is a plate-shaped structure used to change the direction of airflow. It can be implemented using an arc-shaped curved surface or an inclined flat plate structure, and its installation position is set according to the internal spatial layout of the air duct body 1. The guide vane 4 adjusts the airflow injection angle to concentrate the airflow into the first variable cross-section zone 21, avoiding energy loss caused by disordered airflow diffusion.

[0034] Specifically, during the airflow process inside the main body of the duct 1, when the airflow contacts the guide plate 4, the airflow direction is deflected and forcibly guided to the first variable cross-section zone 21 due to the constraint of the curved surface or tilt angle of the guide plate 4. The height of the first variable cross-section zone 21 decreases along the airflow direction, allowing the airflow to maintain a laminar flow state during acceleration. The geometric parameter matching design between the guide plate 4 and the first variable cross-section zone 21 ensures that the airflow forms a stable pressure gradient within the variable cross-section region, reducing the generation of local eddies. Through the forced guidance of the guide plate 4, the airflow is concentrated into the first variable cross-section zone 21 with decreasing height, maintaining flow stability during acceleration, thereby reducing energy loss and improving air supply efficiency. The directional guidance of the airflow by the guide plate 4 enables the airflow to form a controllable accelerated flow within the first variable cross-section zone 21, reducing collision losses between the airflow and the duct wall, while avoiding airflow fluctuations caused by pressure differences in different areas of the air outlet 12.

[0035] Optionally, the variable cross-section duct area 2 also includes a third variable cross-section area 23, which is located on the other side of the air inlet 11, and the width of the third variable cross-section area 23 decreases along the airflow direction.

[0036] The third variable cross-section zone 23 refers to the air duct structure located on the other side of the air inlet 11. Its width gradually decreases along the airflow direction, which can be achieved by a trapezoidal cross-section or by the inclined contraction of the two side walls. It is used to guide the airflow to diffuse to a specific area. The width reduction means that the lateral dimension of the third variable cross-section zone 23 gradually decreases along the airflow direction. This can be achieved by setting symmetrical or asymmetrical side wall inclination angles, and the airflow velocity distribution can be controlled by adjusting the width change rate.

[0037] Specifically, the third variable cross-section zone 23 and the first variable cross-section zone 21 are located on both sides of the air inlet 11, forming a symmetrical or asymmetrical layout. After the airflow enters from the air inlet 11, part of it enters the first variable cross-section zone 21, and the other part enters the third variable cross-section zone 23. The third variable cross-section zone 23 gradually accelerates the airflow during its flow through a structure with decreasing width, while guiding the airflow to be evenly distributed to the corresponding air outlet 12 area through a constricting channel. An adjustable baffle 3 can be installed at the inlet of the third variable cross-section zone 23. By adjusting the opening of the adjustable baffle 3, the proportion of airflow entering this area can be controlled, thereby adapting to the air supply requirements under different operating conditions. Compared with the prior art, existing straddle-type single-rail air ducts usually only use a variable cross-section structure in one direction, resulting in uneven airflow distribution and large air supply resistance. This embodiment adds a third variable cross-section zone 23 on the other side of the air inlet 11, forming a double-sided airflow adjustment structure, which can more flexibly allocate the airflow path, reduce the generation of local eddies, and optimize the dynamic pressure distribution of the airflow through the geometric characteristics of decreasing width. It can effectively balance the air volume in different areas, reduce the energy loss of airflow in the duct, improve the uniformity of air supply, thereby enhancing passenger comfort and reducing system operating energy consumption.

[0038] Furthermore, the adjustable baffle 3 refers to a plate-like structure with an adjustable opening angle, which can be implemented using a hinge connection or a sliding rail structure. The cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow entering the third variable cross-section zone 23 can be adjusted by changing the angle or position of the adjustable baffle 3. The third variable cross-section zone 23 refers to a channel area located on the other side of the air inlet 11 with a decreasing width along the airflow direction. It can be implemented using a tapered sidewall structure to guide airflow distribution and reduce local resistance.

[0039] Specifically, the adjustable baffle 3 is installed at the inlet of the third variable cross-section zone 23, and its opening angle can be adjusted according to the actual air supply requirements. When the required air volume of the third variable cross-section zone 23 decreases, the air guide plate 5 can be partially closed to restrict airflow; when it is necessary to increase the air volume in this area, the air guide plate 5 is fully opened to expand the airflow channel. By dynamically adjusting the state of the adjustable baffle 3, the air volume distribution between different areas can be balanced, avoiding the problem of excessive airflow concentration or uneven distribution caused by the decreasing width of the third variable cross-section zone 23.

[0040] Optionally, the air outlet 12 located in the first variable cross-section region 21 and the second variable cross-section region 22 is an elongated hole; the air outlet 12 located in the third variable cross-section region 23 is a round hole and / or a square hole.

[0041] Among them, elongated holes refer to narrow openings extending along the airflow direction, which can be formed at the bottom of the main body 1 of the air duct using stamping or cutting processes. Their length direction is parallel to the airflow direction, and the airflow volume is controlled by adjusting the width and distribution density of the elongated holes. Circular holes refer to circular through-holes, which can be processed using drilling or molding processes. The local airflow intensity is adjusted by adjusting the diameter and spacing of the circular holes. Square holes refer to rectangular or square through-holes, which can be formed using laser cutting or mold making. The airflow requirements of different areas are adapted by changing the side length ratio of the square holes.

[0042] Specifically, in the first variable cross-section zone 21 and the second variable cross-section zone 22, elongated holes are continuously distributed along the airflow direction, using their elongated shape to guide the airflow to diffuse evenly and reduce eddy generation. In the third variable cross-section zone 23, round and square holes are distributed discretely, and the combination of different shaped holes matches the structural characteristics of the variable cross-section in this region, balancing the air supply resistance and flow distribution. When the airflow passes through the variable cross-section duct zone 2, the elongated holes maintain stable air supply in areas with higher airflow velocities, while the round and square holes enhance local air supply efficiency in areas with lower airflow velocities, thereby optimizing the overall air supply uniformity.

[0043] Optionally, an aluminum alloy sheet metal part 6 is provided at the air inlet 11, which is connected to the air duct body 1 by bolts.

[0044] Among them, the aluminum alloy sheet metal part 6 refers to a plate-shaped structural component made of aluminum alloy material. Specifically, it can be processed into irregularly shaped sheet metal parts with folded edges using a stamping process, and its surface can be anodized to improve corrosion resistance. This material has lightweight characteristics, which can reduce the overall weight of the air duct. The aluminum alloy sheet metal part serves as a reinforcing structure for the air inlet 11, playing a supporting and connecting role. The bolt connection refers to the assembly of the sheet metal part with the air duct body 1 using threaded fasteners. Specifically, hexagonal head bolts with elastic washers can be used for fixing, and the bolt hole spacing can be set to be evenly distributed according to the size of the air inlet 11. This connection method facilitates disassembly and maintenance, while avoiding material deformation caused by welding.

[0045] Specifically, the aluminum alloy sheet metal part 6 is installed on the edge of the air inlet 11. After its folded edge structure fits against the outer wall of the duct body 1, it is sealed and fixed by bolts arranged circumferentially. During installation, the flat part of the sheet metal part covers the end face of the air inlet 11, and the folded edge part wraps around the outer wall of the duct body 1, forming a double-layer contact surface. When the bolts are tightened, a uniform clamping force is generated between the sheet metal part and the duct body 1, ensuring the airtightness of the connection.

[0046] Optionally, the aluminum alloy sheet metal part 6 is provided with a pressing sponge.

[0047] Among them, the compression sponge refers to the elastic sealing material that is fixed to the surface of the sheet metal part by pressure bonding. Specifically, it can be made of polyurethane or rubber and fixed by hot pressing or adhesive. It is used to fill the gap at the connection between the sheet metal part and the air duct body 1.

[0048] Specifically, when installing the aluminum alloy sheet metal part 6 at the air inlet 11, gaps may exist at the connection between the sheet metal part and the duct body 1 due to machining tolerances or assembly errors. By placing a compression sponge on the surface of the sheet metal part, such as using polyurethane sponge with a thickness of 5 mm to 10 mm, the sponge material is compressed and deformed to completely fill the gaps when the sheet metal part is fastened to the duct body 1 with bolts. This prevents airflow leakage at the connection and ensures that all airflow from the air inlet 11 enters the variable cross-section duct area 2.

[0049] Optionally, the air duct body 1 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

[0050] Glass fiber reinforced plastics refer to composite materials with glass fiber as the reinforcing material and thermosetting or thermoplastic resin as the matrix. They can be produced using compression molding or pultrusion molding processes, and the internal fiber arrangement direction can be optimized according to the stress distribution of the air duct structure. Carbon fiber reinforced plastics refer to composite materials with carbon fiber as the reinforcing material and epoxy resin or polyimide as the matrix. They can be produced using a prepreg lamination and hot-press curing process, and the fiber layup angle can be adjusted according to the load requirements of different areas of the air duct.

[0051] Specifically, when the main body 1 of the air duct is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber reinforced plastic, the high specific strength of the material allows for a reduction in wall thickness while ensuring structural rigidity, thereby reducing the overall weight. Simultaneously, the high surface smoothness of the composite material reduces frictional resistance between the airflow and the inner wall of the air duct, improving air delivery efficiency. Furthermore, the material's coefficient of thermal expansion matches that of other vehicle components, preventing stress concentration at connection points caused by temperature changes.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, the fiber content of glass fiber reinforced plastic can be controlled within the range of 30%-50% to balance cost and performance, and the layup design of carbon fiber reinforced plastic can adopt 0° / 90° orthogonal lamination to enhance bending resistance. The edge of the air duct body 1 can be bolted to other components by injection molding and covering metal inserts.

[0053] This utility model provides a straddle-type monorail vehicle, including the variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail as described above.

[0054] The beneficial effects of the straddle-type monorail vehicle in this embodiment compared to the prior art are the same as those of the variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] Although the present invention has been disclosed above, its protection scope is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails, characterized in that, It includes a main body of the air duct (1), the top of the main body of the air duct (1) is provided with an air inlet (11), and the interior is provided with a variable cross-section air duct area (2) connected to the air inlet (11); the bottom of the main body of the air duct (1) is provided with multiple air outlets (12); the opening area of ​​the multiple air outlets (12) increases along the airflow direction.

2. The variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable cross-section air duct area (2) includes a first variable cross-section area (21) and a second variable cross-section area (22); the first variable cross-section area (21) is located on one side of the air inlet (11), and the height of the first variable cross-section area (21) decreases along the airflow direction; the second variable cross-section area (22) is connected to the side of the first variable cross-section area (21) away from the air inlet (11), and multiple inclined air guide plates (5) are provided inside the second variable cross-section area (22), and the multiple air guide plates (5) divide the second variable cross-section area (22) into multiple sub-air ducts; the width of the sub-air ducts decreases along the airflow direction.

3. The variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails according to claim 2, characterized in that, A guide plate (4) is installed inside the air duct body (1), and the guide plate (4) is configured to direct the airflow flowing toward the guide plate (4) to the first variable cross-section area (21).

4. The variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails according to claim 2, characterized in that, The variable cross-section air duct area (2) also includes a third variable cross-section area (23), which is located on the side of the air inlet (11) facing away from the first variable cross-section area (21), and the width of the third variable cross-section area (23) decreases along the airflow direction.

5. The variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails according to claim 4, characterized in that, An adjustable baffle (3) is provided at the entrance of the third variable cross-section zone (23), and the adjustable baffle (3) is used to control the air volume entering the third variable cross-section zone (23).

6. The variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air outlet (12) located in the first variable cross-section region (21) and the second variable cross-section region (22) is an elongated hole; the air outlet (12) located in the third variable cross-section region (23) is a round hole and / or a square hole.

7. The variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails according to claim 1, characterized in that, An aluminum alloy sheet metal part (6) is provided at the air inlet (11), and the aluminum alloy sheet metal part (6) is connected to the air duct body (1) by bolts.

8. The variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails according to claim 7, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy sheet metal part (6) is provided with a pressing sponge.

9. The variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorails according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The main body of the air duct (1) is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

10. A straddle-type monorail vehicle, characterized in that, Including the variable cross-section air duct for straddle-type monorail as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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