A multi-stage filtering structure for a water supply and drainage pipeline and a municipal water supply and drainage pipeline
Through a multi-stage filtration structure and intelligent control module, the problems of single filtration accuracy and high energy consumption in municipal water supply and drainage pipeline systems have been solved, achieving efficient impurity interception and automated management, and improving the stability and adaptability of the system.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGXI TRANSPORTATION SCI & TECH GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
In municipal water supply and drainage pipeline systems, traditional filtration structures have limited filtration precision, insufficient impurity interception capacity, high backwashing energy consumption, and low level of intelligence. They are unable to cope with water quality fluctuations, resulting in filter media clogging, increased head loss, and high maintenance costs.
It adopts a multi-stage filtration structure, including a primary filtration box, a secondary filtration box, and a tertiary filtration box, which respectively use wedge filter screens, quartz sand filter layers, magnetite filter layers, and polypropylene ultrafiltration membranes. It is also equipped with an aeration backwashing mechanism and an intelligent control module to achieve multi-stage filtration and automatic backwashing.
It improves filtration accuracy and impurity retention capacity, reduces backwashing energy consumption and manual maintenance costs, enhances system stability and adaptability, and achieves efficient water quality monitoring and automated management.
Smart Images
Figure CN224493969U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of sewage filtration technology, and in particular relates to a multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines and municipal water supply and drainage pipelines. Background Technology
[0002] In municipal water supply and drainage pipeline systems, traditional filtration structures generally suffer from problems such as limited filtration accuracy, insufficient impurity retention capacity, high backwashing energy consumption, and low level of intelligence.
[0003] Existing technologies mainly rely on single-layer filter screens or simple filter media layers (such as quartz sand and anthracite) to intercept impurities, which is difficult to cope with complex working conditions with large fluctuations in water quality. For suspended solids with large particle size differences (such as silt, rust, colloids and organic matter), single-layer filtration is prone to filter media clogging and increased head loss, requiring frequent manual cleaning, resulting in high maintenance costs and low efficiency. In addition, traditional filtration devices lack real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment functions for water quality parameters, and cannot dynamically adjust the filtration strategy according to the influent water quality, which seriously affects the stability and safety of water supply and drainage systems. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines, which has the advantages of high filtration accuracy, strong impurity interception capacity, and high degree of intelligent backwashing. It solves the problems of single filtration accuracy, insufficient impurity interception capacity, high backwashing energy consumption, and low degree of intelligence in the existing filtration structures.
[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows: a multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines includes a primary filter box, a secondary filter box, and a tertiary filter box. The primary, secondary, and tertiary filter boxes are connected by a connecting pipe. The primary filter box is equipped with a wedge-shaped filter screen. The secondary filter box is equipped with a quartz sand filter layer and a magnetite filter layer. The tertiary filter box is equipped with a polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane. The secondary and tertiary filter boxes are equipped with an aeration backwashing mechanism.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, a control valve is provided on the connecting pipe.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, water quality sensors are installed on the outlet connecting pipes of the secondary and tertiary filter boxes.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, a pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the three-stage filtration box, and the pressure sensor is provided with two detection probes, which are respectively located on both sides of the polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the aeration backwashing mechanism includes an aeration pump and a backwashing water pump. The output end of the aeration pump is connected to a main pipe, and a branch pipe is connected to the main pipe. A backwashing valve is installed on the branch pipe.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, one end of the branch pipe is provided with several backwash pipes, and several nozzles are evenly distributed on the backwash pipes. The backwash pipes are respectively located below the magnetite filter layer and the polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the primary filter box is provided with a slag scraping mechanism, the slag scraping mechanism includes a motor, the motor is fixedly installed on one side of the primary filter box, the output end of the slag scraping mechanism is fixedly installed with a slag scraping plate, the slag scraping plate is rotatably installed inside the primary filter box, and the slag scraping plate is located on one side of the lower end of the wedge-shaped filter screen.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the primary filter box is provided with a baffle on one side of the scraper plate, and a guide plate is provided on one side of the baffle plate.
[0013] A municipal water supply and drainage pipeline includes a first water supply and drainage pipeline sub-body, a second water supply and drainage pipeline sub-body, and a multi-stage filtration structure for the water supply and drainage pipeline, wherein the first-stage filtration box is connected to the first water supply and drainage pipeline sub-body, and the third-stage filtration box is connected to the second water supply and drainage pipeline sub-body.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0015] 1. This utility model achieves stratified retention of impurities of different particle sizes through three-stage gradient filtration of coarse filtration, fine filtration and ultrafiltration, thereby improving the overall filtration efficiency and the quality of the effluent.
[0016] 2. Modularity and adaptability: Each filter unit can be replaced independently to adapt to different water quality conditions and the pipe diameter requirements of different municipal water supply and drainage pipes, enhancing the versatility and water quality adaptability of the device and effectively solving the problems of clogging and low efficiency of traditional filter structures.
[0017] 3. Intelligent monitoring and energy saving: The system integrates an automatic backwashing system and an intelligent control module to dynamically adjust filtration parameters in real time, avoiding energy waste caused by over-filtration, reducing manual maintenance costs, and improving the automation level and operational stability of the filtration device. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a first-person perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view three-dimensional structure of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 3This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the three-stage filter box of this utility model.
[0022] In the diagram: 1. Primary filter box; 11. Wedge filter screen; 2. Secondary filter box; 21. Quartz sand filter layer; 22. Magnetite filter layer; 3. Tertiary filter box; 31. Polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane; 32. Pressure sensor; 4. Aeration and backwashing mechanism; 41. Aeration pump; 42. Backwash water pump; 43. Main pipe; 44. Branch pipe; 45. Backwash valve; 46. Backwash pipe; 47. Nozzle; 5. Connecting pipe; 6. Sludge scraping mechanism; 61. Motor; 62. Sludge scraper; 7. Guide plate; 8. Baffle; 9. Control valve; 10. Water quality sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To further understand the utility model content, features and effects of this utility model, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0024] The structure of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines, including a primary filter box 1, a secondary filter box 2, and a tertiary filter box 3. A connecting pipe 5 connects the primary filter box 1, the secondary filter box 2, and the tertiary filter box 3. A wedge-shaped filter screen 11 is provided in the primary filter box 1. A quartz sand filter layer 21 and a magnetite filter layer 22 are provided in the secondary filter box 2. A polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane 31 is provided in the tertiary filter box 3. An aeration backwashing mechanism 4 is provided in both the secondary filter box 2 and the tertiary filter box 3.
[0026] In specific installations, the multi-stage filtration device for water supply and drainage pipelines consists of a three-stage filtration unit, a backwashing system, and an intelligent control module. It is suitable for municipal water supply and drainage pipelines with diameters ranging from DN50 to DN1000, and the overall dimensions of the device can be customized according to the pipe diameter.
[0027] Furthermore, a control valve 9 is installed on the connecting pipe 5, and a water quality sensor 10 is installed on the outlet connecting pipe 5 of the secondary filter box 2 and the tertiary filter box 3. The water quality sensor 10 is equipped with a PLC controller to monitor turbidity, pressure and flow rate, and automatically triggers the backwashing program according to the turbidity or pressure difference of the inlet water. It also supports remote monitoring and parameter adjustment.
[0028] The core unit design is as follows:
[0029] Primary coarse filtration unit: It adopts a stainless steel wedge-shaped filter screen 11 with a pore size of 0.5-1.0mm, which is installed at an angle of 45° at the water inlet end. It effectively intercepts large particles of impurities, such as mud, sand and gravel, and reduces the subsequent filtration load. The filter screen is equipped with a mechanical scraper, which is driven by a motor 61 to periodically remove the impurities attached to the surface.
[0030] Secondary composite filter media layer: Quartz sand filter layer 21, filled with graded quartz sand with a particle size of 0.8-1.2mm; Magnetite filter layer 22, filled with magnetite filter media with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm and a thickness of 800-1000mm, forming a pore gradient filtration structure to remove medium-sized suspended solids of 50-500μm and some colloidal substances. Backwash pipe 46 is laid at the bottom of the filter media layer to evenly distribute the backwash water flow.
[0031] Three-stage precision filtration unit: Built-in pleated polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane 31 with a filtration accuracy of 0.1μm, adopting cross-flow filtration method to effectively intercept bacteria, microorganisms and dissolved organic matter.
[0032] Each filter unit can be replaced independently to adapt to different water quality conditions. The outer shell is made of stainless steel, which has strong corrosion resistance and a service life of ≥15 years, significantly better than traditional carbon steel devices.
[0033] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 32 is fixedly installed on the three-stage filter box 3. The pressure sensor 32 is equipped with two detection probes, which are located on both sides of the polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane 31. The filtration parameters are dynamically monitored and adjusted in real time by the PLC controller to avoid energy waste caused by over-filtration. Compared with traditional devices, it saves more than 20% energy.
[0034] Furthermore, the aeration backwashing mechanism 4 includes an aeration pump 41 and a backwashing water pump 42. The output end of the aeration pump 41 is connected to a main pipe 43, and a branch pipe 44 is connected to the main pipe 43. A backwashing valve 45 is installed on the branch pipe 44, and a number of backwashing pipes 46 are provided at one end of the branch pipe 44. A number of nozzles 47 are arranged at equal intervals on the backwashing pipes 46. The backwashing pipes 46 are respectively located below the magnetite filter layer 22 and the polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane 31.
[0035] Air-water combined backwashing system: Backwashing pipe 46, aeration pump 41 and backwashing water pump 42 are respectively installed in the secondary composite filter layer and the tertiary precision filtration unit. During backwashing, compressed air is first introduced to loosen the filter media, and then clean water is started for backwashing. The backwashing time is 5-10 minutes, which can automatically remove pollutants from the filter media and membrane surface. Compared with traditional water backwashing, air-water combined backwashing saves more than 50% of water, reduces the frequency of manual intervention, and reduces operation and maintenance costs by 30%-40%.
[0036] Furthermore, a scraping mechanism 6 is provided on the primary filter box 1. The scraping mechanism 6 includes a motor 61, which is fixedly installed on one side of the primary filter box 1. A scraping plate 62 is fixedly installed at the output end of the scraping mechanism 6. The scraping plate 62 is rotatably installed inside the primary filter box 1. The scraping plate 62 is located on one side of the lower end of the wedge-shaped filter screen 11. A baffle 8 is provided on one side of the primary filter box 1 located on the scraping plate 62. A guide plate 7 is provided on one side of the baffle 8.
[0037] The wedge filter screen 11 is equipped with a mechanical scraping mechanism 6, which is driven by a motor 61 to rotate the scraper plate 62 to remove the impurities accumulated and attached to the surface of the filter screen. During cleaning, the baffle 8 is opened to allow the impurities to be discharged from the guide plate 7.
[0038] This application also includes a municipal water supply and drainage pipeline, comprising a first water supply and drainage pipeline sub-body, a second water supply and drainage pipeline sub-body, and a multi-stage filtration structure for the water supply and drainage pipeline, wherein the first-stage filter box 1 is connected to the first water supply and drainage pipeline sub-body, and the third-stage filter box 3 is connected to the second water supply and drainage pipeline sub-body.
[0039] The working principle of this utility model:
[0040] Normal filtration process:
[0041] Municipal sewage or tap water enters the primary filter box 1 through the inlet. Large particles of impurities are intercepted by the stainless steel wedge filter screen 11. The water after preliminary filtration flows into the secondary filter box 2, where medium-sized impurities are removed by the adsorption and screening effect of quartz sand and magnetite. Then it enters the tertiary filter box 3 for precision filtration, and finally the clean water is discharged from the outlet.
[0042] Backwashing process:
[0043] When the intelligent control module detects that the influent turbidity exceeds the standard or the filtration pressure difference reaches the set value, it automatically starts the backwashing program, closes the inlet and outlet water control valves 9, and opens the backwashing valve 45, aeration pump 41 and backwashing water pump 42 to perform air-water combined backwashing on the secondary filter media layer for 3-5 minutes to remove pollutants from the filter media gaps. Then, it switches to the tertiary membrane unit backwashing, using low-pressure clean water to backwash the membrane surface for 2-3 minutes to restore membrane flux. The backwashing wastewater is discharged into the municipal sewage network through the drain outlet. After the backwashing is completed, the normal filtration state is automatically restored.
[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines, comprising a primary filter box (1), a secondary filter box (2), and a tertiary filter box (3), wherein a connecting pipe (5) connects the primary filter box (1), the secondary filter box (2), and the tertiary filter box (3), characterized in that: The primary filter box (1) is equipped with a wedge-shaped filter screen (11), the secondary filter box (2) is equipped with a quartz sand filter layer (21) and a magnetite filter layer (22), the tertiary filter box (3) is equipped with a polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane (31), and the secondary filter box (2) and the tertiary filter box (3) are equipped with an aeration backwashing mechanism (4).
2. The multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A control valve (9) is provided on the connecting pipe (5).
3. The multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Water quality sensors (10) are installed on the outlet connecting pipes (5) of the secondary filter box (2) and the tertiary filter box (3).
4. The multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (32) is fixedly installed on the three-stage filter box (3). The pressure sensor (32) is equipped with two detection probes, which are located on both sides of the polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane (31).
5. The multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration backwashing mechanism (4) includes an aeration pump (41) and a backwashing water pump (42). The output end of the aeration pump (41) is connected to a main pipe (43), and a branch pipe (44) is connected to the main pipe (43). A backwashing valve (45) is installed on the branch pipe (44).
6. The multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of backwash pipes (46) are provided at one end of the branch pipe (44), and a plurality of nozzles (47) are arranged at equal intervals on the backwash pipes (46). The backwash pipes (46) are respectively located below the magnetite filter layer (22) and the polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane (31).
7. The multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The primary filter box (1) is provided with a slag scraping mechanism (6). The slag scraping mechanism (6) includes a motor (61). The motor (61) is fixedly installed on one side of the primary filter box (1). A slag scraping plate (62) is fixedly installed at the output end of the slag scraping mechanism (6). The slag scraping plate (62) is rotatably installed inside the primary filter box (1). The slag scraping plate (62) is located on one side of the lower end of the wedge-shaped filter screen (11).
8. The multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipelines as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The primary filter box (1) is provided with a baffle (8) on one side of the scraper plate (62), and a guide plate (7) is provided on one side of the baffle (8).
9. A municipal water supply and drainage pipe, characterized in that, It includes a first water supply and drainage pipe sub-body, a second water supply and drainage pipe sub-body, and a multi-stage filtration structure for water supply and drainage pipes as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the first-stage filter box (1) is connected to the first water supply and drainage pipe sub-body, and the third-stage filter box (3) is connected to the second water supply and drainage pipe sub-body.