A device for layered sampling of interstitial water

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of environment and ecology research, concretely relates to a interstitial water layered sampling device. The utility model discloses reactor and the fixedly through a plurality of sampling tubes in its one side. Sampling tube divides into three groups of upper layer, middle layer, lower layer, and is spaced apart from top to bottom, and the pipe body has the water inlet hole, and the pipe wall that stretches into the reactor is wrapped silk screen and filters the sediment particle, and the end connects the rubber tube and is bent upwards and hangs in the reactor top. The reactor is filled with sediment and overlying water, and the inner wall is pasted with tin foil paper and is shaded, and the top is provided with fixed iron wire series connection fixed rubber tube. The device realizes the non -power layered sampling by communicating vessel principle, can accurate collection the interstitial water of different depth from the reactor bottom, and low in cost, easy maintenance is applicable to the benthic animal disturbance research, nutrient salt circulation monitoring and pollutant vertical migration analysis of fresh water lake, river etc. scene, has layered precision high, easy operation, environmental adaptability strong and other advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental and ecological research technology, specifically to a stratified sampling device for interstitial water. Background Technology

[0002] In freshwater ecosystem research, interstitial water serves as a crucial medium for the exchange of materials between sediments and overlying water. The sampling accuracy of this water directly impacts our understanding of benthic animal ecological functions, nutrient cycling, and pollutant migration patterns. Traditional sampling techniques suffer from the following prominent problems:

[0003] Insufficient stratification capability, unable to capture fine gradients. Traditional methods, such as the Peeper method, can only achieve single-layer or limited-depth sampling, making it difficult to distinguish vertical differences in the upper sediment layer (0-15cm), which is precisely the area where benthic animals (such as *Viviparus sinensis* and *Tuberculus hopus*) are most active. For example, the burrowing behavior of benthic animals can lead to a 40% difference in NH3-N concentration in interstitial water at depths of 5cm and 15cm, but traditional devices cannot effectively resolve such gradient changes. The sampling process is highly turbulent, disrupting the in-situ environment. Centrifugation, pumping, and other methods require mechanical disturbance or external force on the sediment, potentially altering the physicochemical properties of the interstitial water (such as dissolved oxygen and pH). Studies have shown that interstitial water samples collected using traditional methods have high perturbation errors, affecting data reliability. Lack of contamination prevention design results in low sample purity. Existing devices lack effective filtration mechanisms, allowing sediment particles to easily enter the sampling tube with the water flow, causing sample contamination. For example, in river sediments with high sediment content, interstitial water collected using traditional sampling tubes is often turbid, requiring additional filtration, increasing experimental error and operational complexity. Due to their complex structure and reliance on power, these devices have poor adaptability to the field. Some require electric pumps, controllers, and other equipment, which not only increases energy consumption and cost but also makes them difficult to operate for extended periods without power. For example, in in-situ monitoring of lakes, traditional power-driven devices have a high failure rate and cannot meet the requirements for continuous sampling.

[0004] As aquatic ecological research develops towards greater precision and in-situ methods, there is an urgent need for a new type of device that can achieve centimeter-level stratification, low-interference sampling, pollution prevention, and ease of operation. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a stratified sampling device for interstitial water. To achieve the above objective, this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A stratified sampling device for interstitial water includes a reactor and several sampling tubes. The sampling tubes are fixed to one side of the reactor. Each sampling tube includes several upper sampling tubes, several middle sampling tubes, and several lower sampling tubes, which are arranged alternately from top to bottom. Each sampling tube has several water inlet holes. The sampling tube extends into the reactor and is wrapped with a layer of sieve silk, which covers the water inlet holes. A rubber tube is provided at the end of the sampling tube, and the end of the rubber tube is bent upward and suspended above the reactor.

[0007] The reactor contains sediment and overlying water. The sediment is located at the bottom of the reactor, and the overlying water is located on top of the sediment. The sediment passes through a sampling tube.

[0008] As an improvement, the inner wall of the reactor is provided with tin foil, the height of which is equal to the thickness of the deposit.

[0009] As an improvement, a fixing wire is provided at the top of the reactor, and the fixing wire is connected in series to fix the end of the rubber tube.

[0010] As an improvement, the number of upper sampling tubes, middle sampling tubes, and lower sampling tubes shall not be less than three.

[0011] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0012] 1. This invention can simultaneously collect interstitial water at different depths, improving resolution compared to traditional methods. Silk filtration significantly enhances sample purity, allowing for direct use in precision detection such as ion chromatography and TOC analyzers without additional pretreatment, thus reducing experimental errors.

[0013] 2. The non-powered design of this utility model avoids mechanical disturbance, and the porosity of the sediment changes little before and after sampling. A single person can quickly complete the installation and sampling of the device. The suspension height of the rubber tube can be quickly adjusted by fixing the iron wire to adapt to different water depth conditions.

[0014] 3. The core components of this utility model are low in cost and simple to maintain (only the screen needs to be replaced periodically). The device has a wide range of applications and is suitable for various scenarios such as freshwater lakes, rivers, and wetlands. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a stratified sampling device for interstitial water in Example 1.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a stratified sampling device for interstitial water in Example 1.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the upper sampling tube in Example 1.

[0018] The diagram is labeled as follows:

[0019] 1. Reactor; 2. Upper sampling tube; 3. Middle sampling tube; 4. Lower sampling tube; 5. Water inlet; 6. Silk screen; 7. Rubber tube; 8. Aluminum foil. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," or "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments to enable a better understanding of the present invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment discloses a stratified sampling device for interstitial water.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment includes a reactor and several sampling tubes;

[0029] Reactor: A rectangular container made of transparent acrylic material (e.g., 30cm long x 15cm wide x 40cm high at the bottom) for easy observation of the internal state. The inner wall of the reactor is lined with tin foil, the height of which matches the thickness of the sediment, to simulate the light-blocking conditions in the natural environment and avoid interference from light on the activity of microorganisms in the sediment.

[0030] Sampling tubes: Composed of several upper, middle, and lower sampling tubes, they are fixed to one side of the reactor in 3 rows and 3 columns (9 tubes in total). The upper sampling tubes are 15cm from the bottom of the reactor, the middle tubes are 10cm from the bottom, and the lower tubes are 5cm from the bottom, covering the upper sediment layer (0-15cm) where benthic animals are most active. Each sampling tube is made of PVC and has 8 1cm diameter inlet holes. The holes are wrapped with 400-mesh silk sieves, allowing only water molecules to pass through and intercepting sediment particles (such as silt and biological remains) with a diameter ≥40μm.

[0031] Rubber Tube: A rubber tube is connected to the end of the sampling tube. The end of the rubber tube is bent upwards and suspended from a fixed iron wire at the top of the reactor, forming a structure similar to a communicating vessel. By adjusting the suspension height of the rubber tube, the interstitial water flows into the tube by itself using the water level difference, without the need for external power.

[0032] Installation and Settling: Fill the bottom of the reactor with 20cm of sediment, slowly pour in 15cm of overlying water, and allow it to settle until the environment stabilizes. The sampling tube inlet is buried in the sediment, and the silk screen layer effectively isolates sediment particles.

[0033] Interstitial water collection: Because the end of the rubber tube is suspended above the sediment surface, interstitial water enters the sampling tube through the inlet hole and the screen under hydrostatic pressure, and flows by gravity along the rubber tube to the collection container. By controlling the suspension position of the rubber tube, stratified collection of interstitial water at different depths can be achieved (e.g., the upper sampling tube only collects interstitial water at a depth of 10-15cm).

[0034] Anti-interference design: Tin foil is used to shield light and prevent photochemical reactions from affecting the interstitial water composition; the non-powered self-flowing design avoids mechanical disturbance and maintains the original structure of the sediment.

[0035] Specific implementation:

[0036] For experimental preparation, a 20cm thick layer of sediment sample was evenly spread at the bottom of the reactor, and aluminum foil was used to cover the inner wall of the reactor up to the height of the sediment surface. Nine sampling tubes were installed through the side of the reactor, ensuring that the water inlet was completely buried in the sediment, and the outer layer was fixed with sealant to prevent water leakage. One end of the rubber tube was connected to the end of the sampling tube, and the other end was suspended from the fixed iron wire at the top of the reactor, and the suspension height was adjusted to be 5cm above the sediment surface.

[0037] Interstitial water was collected, and the reactor was allowed to stand for 24 hours to allow the sediment-water interface to stabilize. The ends of rubber tubes were then sequentially connected to collection bottles, and interstitial water from each layer was collected using the communicating vessel principle. The inner walls of the rubber tubes were rinsed with deionized water before each sampling to avoid cross-contamination. The collected samples were immediately subjected to physicochemical analysis (e.g., NH3-N, NO3-). - -N and DOC concentration determination), or refrigerate at 4°C.

[0038] Application scenario: Benthic animal disturbance research: By comparing the interstitial water data of each layer of the blank control group and the biological group (such as the addition of Chinese round snail), the vertical impact of biological disturbance on nutrient release is quantified (e.g., the amount of TP released in the middle layer increases by 17.82 mg / L).

[0039] Pollutant migration monitoring: This device is used to track heavy metals (such as Cu) in industrial wastewater discharge areas. 2+ Pb 2+ The vertical diffusion paths in sediments provide accurate data for pollution risk assessment.

[0040] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above, but they are merely examples, and this utility model is not equivalent to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions to this utility model are also within the scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A stratified sampling device for interstitial water, characterized in that, The reactor includes a reactor (1) and several sampling tubes. The sampling tubes are fixed to one side of the reactor (1). The sampling tubes include several upper sampling tubes (2), several middle sampling tubes (3), and several lower sampling tubes (4). The upper sampling tubes (2), middle sampling tubes (3), and lower sampling tubes (4) are arranged alternately from top to bottom. The sampling tubes are provided with several water inlet holes (5). The sampling tubes extend into the reactor (1) and are wrapped with a layer of sieve silk (6). The sieve silk (6) covers the water inlet holes (5). The sampling tubes are provided with a rubber tube (7) at the end. The end of the rubber tube (7) is bent upward and suspended above the reactor (1). The reactor (1) contains sediment and overlying water. The sediment is located at the bottom of the reactor (1), and the overlying water is located on the sediment. The sediment passes through a sampling tube.

2. The interstitial water stratification sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor (1) has tin foil (8) on its inner wall, and the height of the tin foil (8) is equal to the thickness of the deposit.

3. The interstitial water stratification sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reactor (1) is equipped with a fixing wire at the top, and the fixing wire is connected in series to fix the end of the rubber tube (7).

4. The interstitial water stratification sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the upper sampling tube (2), the middle sampling tube (3), and the lower sampling tube (4) shall not be less than three.

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