Visual safety warning system for a slag chute shaft

Abstract

The utility model relates to a safe prevention technical field of slagging well, concretely relates to a kind of visual safety warning system for slag chute shaft, including the safety door being arranged in upper and lower flat hole, upper flat hole export is connected with shaft entrance, lower flat hole entrance is connected with shaft export, safety door is installed with door inductive switch, door inductive switch is connected by relay in lock control circuit, still including overhaul state display circuit;Lock control circuit input side connects power input node, overhaul state display circuit is composed of overhaul self-locking button and first warning device, normally closed node of overhaul self-locking button is connected in relay normally closed contact input side, normally open node of overhaul self-locking button is connected in first warning device input side, first warning device output side and relay normally closed contact output side are all connected to zero potential reference node.The utility model can form cross locking mechanism in safety warning level, realize upper and lower flat hole operation safety locking management, improve slagging operation safety and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of safety prevention technology for slag discharge wells, and more specifically, to a visual safety warning system for slag discharge shafts. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical shafts, as important engineering passages, are widely used in various industries such as water conservancy and hydropower, mining, and ventilation. In hydropower projects, when a vertical shaft is used as a slag discharge shaft, its typical structure consists of three parts: an upper horizontal tunnel, a slag chute shaft, and a lower horizontal tunnel. The end of the upper horizontal tunnel connects to the top of the slag chute shaft, while the bottom of the slag chute shaft connects to the end of the lower horizontal tunnel. In actual operation, slag trucks enter through the upper horizontal tunnel, dump the slag into the slag chute shaft, and the slag slides down the shaft to the lower horizontal tunnel under gravity. From there, it is loaded by loaders and transported to the designated slag yard by dump trucks. This slag discharge method, with its efficient automated process, significantly saves labor costs and shortens operation time, making it a commonly used slag discharge solution in hydropower projects.

[0003] However, the existing slag removal process has significant safety hazards: because the slag carries considerable kinetic energy as it slides at high speed through the slag chute, it may directly break through the bottom of the chute and enter the lower tunnel and its extended area, posing an impact risk to personnel and equipment working in the lower tunnel. To avoid accidents, the current method mainly relies on pre-arranged coordination between personnel in the upper and lower tunnels using communication tools, and work is only carried out when it is confirmed that there is no slag chute or slag removal operation. However, this manual coordination method has obvious drawbacks: on the one hand, frequent communication and waiting lead to low efficiency in the connection between upper and lower tunnel operations, delaying the project progress; on the other hand, the safety assurance mechanism relying on manual confirmation lacks real-time performance and reliability, making it difficult to deal with emergencies, and resulting in problems such as untimely safety warnings and inadequate interlocking management. Especially when the shaft facilities need maintenance, the existing method cannot quickly and accurately synchronize the maintenance status of personnel in the upper and lower tunnels, resulting in a serious lack of timeliness in safety warnings during maintenance, greatly increasing the risk of misoperation, and potentially causing serious safety accidents.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the existing vertical shaft slag discharge process in terms of safety coordination between the upper and lower horizontal tunnel operations, it is urgent to design a reliable safety warning system. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts. Through automated monitoring and warning methods, it realizes safe interlocking management of upper and lower horizontal tunnel operations, ensuring that slag mining and transportation in the lower horizontal tunnel is prohibited when slag is dumped in the upper horizontal tunnel, and slag dumping in the upper horizontal tunnel is prohibited when slag is being dumped in the lower horizontal tunnel. This fundamentally improves the safety and efficiency of slag removal operations. At the same time, through timely safety warnings during maintenance, it provides strong protection for the safe operation and maintenance of the shaft, thereby solving the technical problems pointed out in the background art.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a visual safety warning system for a slag chute shaft, including safety doors installed in the upper and lower horizontal tunnels, wherein the outlet of the upper horizontal tunnel is connected to the shaft entrance, and the entrance of the lower horizontal tunnel is connected to the shaft outlet, each of the safety doors is equipped with a door sensor switch, and each of the door sensor switches is connected in series with a relay to the interlocking control circuit, and also includes a maintenance status display circuit;

[0007] The input side of the interlocking control circuit is connected to the power input node. The maintenance status display circuit consists of a maintenance self-locking button and a first alarm. The normally closed node of the maintenance self-locking button is connected in series to the input side of the normally closed contact of the relay. The normally open node of the maintenance self-locking button is connected in series to the input side of the first alarm. The output side of the first alarm and the output side of the normally closed contact of the relay are both connected to the zero potential reference node.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment, the locking control circuit includes a first control branch and a second control branch. The relay includes a first relay KA2 corresponding to the upper level tunnel safety door sensor switch and a second relay KA1 corresponding to the lower level tunnel safety door sensor switch. The first relay KA2 is connected in series to the first control branch, and the second relay KA1 is connected in series to the second control branch. Both the first control branch and the second control branch have a second alarm connected in series on the output side of the first normally closed contact of the corresponding relay.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the second warning device is an audible and visual alarm.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, both the first control branch and the second control branch are connected in series with a third alarm device on the output side of the second normally closed contact of the corresponding relay, and the third alarm device is connected in parallel with the second alarm device.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the third warning device is a warning light sign.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the second and third warning devices corresponding to the first relay KA2 are both installed on the safety door of the upper and lower level tunnel, and the second and third warning devices corresponding to the second relay KA1 are both installed on the safety door of the lower level tunnel.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the first warning device consists of two warning light signs connected in parallel, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower level tunnel safety doors.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the maintenance self-locking button is a self-locking button.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the maintenance self-locking button is installed on the upper level opening safety door.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the door sensor switch is a limit switch, a photoelectric sensor switch, or a magnetic sensor switch.

[0017] The technical solution of the visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts provided by this utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) By setting door sensor switches on the safety doors of the upper and lower tunnels to detect the opening and closing status of the safety doors, and connecting them to the interlocking control circuit through relays, the interlocking logic of the upper and lower tunnel operations can be realized. When any safety door is opened, the door sensor switch triggers the relay to activate the safety warning device on the other side, avoiding the risk of slag impact caused by simultaneous operation of the upper and lower tunnels. A cross-locking mechanism is formed from the perspective of safety warning, solving the problem of poor reliability of manual coordination, realizing the safety interlocking management of the upper and lower tunnel operations, ensuring that the lower tunnel is prohibited from mining and transporting slag when the upper tunnel is dumping slag, and the upper tunnel is prohibited from dumping slag when the lower tunnel is operating, which fundamentally improves the safety and efficiency of slag removal operations.

[0019] (2) The maintenance status display circuit, through the cooperation of the self-locking button and the first alarm, can switch to "maintenance mode" when the system is under maintenance. The normally open node connects the first alarm, which can intuitively show the personnel working in the upper and lower horizontal tunnels that the system is under maintenance, preventing accidental start of slag chute or slag mining operations, improving the timeliness of safety warnings during maintenance, and providing strong protection for the safe operation and maintenance of the shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the visual safety warning system provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the interlocking control circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Attached diagram labels: 1-mountain, 2-upper flat cave, 3-vertical shaft, 4-lower flat cave. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] To achieve safe interlocking management of operations in the upper and lower horizontal tunnels 4, ensuring that the lower horizontal tunnel 4 is prohibited from mining and transporting slag when the upper horizontal tunnel 2 is dumping slag, and that the upper horizontal tunnel 2 is prohibited from dumping slag when the lower horizontal tunnel 4 is operating, and to issue timely safety warnings during maintenance, thus providing strong protection for the safe operation and maintenance of the vertical shaft 3, this utility model proposes a visual safety warning system for the slag chute vertical shaft 3.

[0026] This embodiment provides a visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the slag chute shaft is located entirely within the mountain 1. The exit of the upper horizontal tunnel 2 connects to the entrance of the shaft 3, and the entrance of the lower horizontal tunnel 4 connects to the exit of the shaft 3. The system includes safety doors installed in the upper horizontal tunnel 2 and the lower horizontal tunnel 4. Each safety door is equipped with a door sensor switch to detect its open or closed status. The door sensor switch is a limit switch, photoelectric sensor switch, or magnetic sensor switch. See also... Figure 2 As shown, each of the door sensor switches is connected in series with a relay to the interlocking control circuit to realize the interlocking logic of the upper and lower tunnels 4. When any safety door is opened (such as when a slag truck dumps slag in the upper tunnel 2 or a loader operates in the lower tunnel 4), the door sensor switch triggers the relay to activate the safety warning device on the other side, thus avoiding the risk of slag impact caused by simultaneous operation of the upper and lower tunnels 4. This forms a cross-locking mechanism from the perspective of safety warning.

[0027] Furthermore, the system also includes a maintenance status display circuit; the input side of the interlocking control circuit is connected to a power input node and powered by the power input node; the maintenance status display circuit consists of a self-locking button ZSB and a first alarm, wherein the normally closed node of the maintenance button is connected in series to the input side of the normally closed contact of the relay, the normally open node of the self-locking button is connected in series to the input side of the first alarm, and the output side of the first alarm and the output side of the normally closed contact of the relay are both connected to a zero potential reference node; in some preferred embodiments, the maintenance button is a self-locking button, installed on the safety door of the upper level tunnel 2, which can ensure that once the maintenance mode is activated, the status remains locked, avoiding button reset due to accidental touch or vibration, and ensuring reliable release of interlocking control during maintenance.

[0028] Specifically, during system maintenance, pressing the self-locking button switches to "maintenance mode". In maintenance mode, the maintenance status display circuit works with the first alarm via the self-locking button. When the normally closed node is opened, the interlocking control is temporarily released to facilitate maintenance operations. At the same time, the normally open node connects the first alarm, allowing the workers in the upper and lower horizontal tunnels 4 to intuitively see that the system is in maintenance status, preventing accidental activation of slag chute or slag mining operations, improving the timeliness of safety warnings during maintenance, and providing strong protection for the safe operation and maintenance of shaft 3.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] This embodiment further explains the interlocking control circuit based on the technical solution provided in Embodiment 1:

[0031] In this embodiment, the locking control circuit includes a first control branch and a second control branch. The relays include a first relay KA2 corresponding to the door sensor switch A2 of the upper tunnel 2 and a second relay KA1 corresponding to the door sensor switch A1 of the lower tunnel 4. The first relay KA2 is connected in series to the first control branch, and the second relay KA1 is connected in series to the second control branch. A second alarm is connected in series to the output side of the first normally closed contact of the corresponding relay in both the first and second control branches.

[0032] Specifically, this embodiment divides the interlocking control circuit into first and second control branches, corresponding to the first relay KA2 and the second relay KA1, respectively. A second alarm is connected in series on the normally closed contact output side of the relays. When a safety door is opened (e.g., the safety door of Upper Tunnel 2 is opened for dumping slag), the door sensor switch is disconnected, the corresponding relay (first relay KA2) is de-energized and its normally closed contact closes. At this time, the second alarm B1 of Lower Tunnel 4 is activated, issuing a warning to personnel in Lower Tunnel 4: "Slag dumping is underway in Upper Tunnel 2; work is prohibited." Conversely, when work is being carried out in Lower Tunnel 4, the alarm B2 of Upper Tunnel 2 simultaneously sounds an alarm. Through this cross-alarm mechanism, real-time interlocking is achieved, ensuring that "work on one side is known on the other side," replacing manual communication and coordination, and improving the efficiency of safety warnings.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the second warning device is an audible and visual alarm. It should be noted that using an audible and visual alarm as the second warning device can overcome the limitations of a single visual or auditory warning through the dual signals of sound (such as buzzing or voice) and light (such as flashing red light). Especially in noisy or complex underground environments, it can more effectively attract the attention of workers, ensure the rapid transmission of warning information, avoid warning failure due to environmental interference, and enhance the reliability of safety interlocking.

[0034] Furthermore, both the first and second control branches have a third warning device connected in series on the output side of the second normally closed contact of the corresponding relay, and the third warning device is connected in parallel with the second warning device. In some preferred embodiments, the third warning device is a warning light sign.

[0035] Specifically, a third warning device is connected in parallel to the output side of the second normally closed contact of the relay, forming a composite warning of "sound and light + text" with the second warning device. The sound and light alarm can provide an immediate and dynamic warning signal, which is suitable for real-time reminders. The warning light sign (such as "Slag dumping in Shangping Tunnel 2, operation in Xiaping Tunnel 4 is prohibited") can provide continuous and clear text information, which is convenient for operators to observe from a distance or confirm for a second time. Especially in long-term operation scenarios, it can avoid distraction caused by sound and light fatigue and achieve multi-dimensional and all-time safety warning coverage.

[0036] Furthermore, the second warning device B1 and the third warning device C1 corresponding to the first relay KA2 are both installed on the safety door of the lower tunnel 4, and the second warning device B2 and the third warning device C2 corresponding to the second relay KA1 are both installed on the safety door of the upper tunnel 2.

[0037] In actual operation, when muck is dumped in Upper Tunnel 2, the audible and visual alarms and illuminated signs on the safety doors of Lower Tunnel 4 are activated simultaneously, directly warning personnel in Lower Tunnel 4 that "muck dumping is underway above." Conversely, when muck is being mined in Lower Tunnel 4, the warning devices on the safety doors of Upper Tunnel 2 are activated, reminding personnel in Upper Tunnel 2 that "work is underway below; muck dumping is prohibited." This contralateral installation method ensures that the warning signals directly affect the parties involved in the risk, avoiding signal attenuation or obstruction in long tunnels, achieving precise "point-to-point" warnings, and solving the problem of incomplete coverage in traditional warning systems.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] This embodiment, based on the technical solution provided in Embodiment 1, further explains the maintenance status display circuit:

[0040] In this embodiment, the first warning device consists of two warning light signs C3 and C4 connected in parallel. The two warning light signs are respectively installed on the safety doors of the upper tunnel 2 and the lower tunnel 4. Warning light sign C3 is installed on the safety door of the lower tunnel 4, and warning light sign C4 is installed on the safety door of the upper tunnel 2. When the system enters the maintenance mode (the self-locking button is pressed), both light signs simultaneously display "System under maintenance", ensuring that the workers in both the upper and lower tunnels 4 can know the current status, preventing the other side from being mistakenly judged as a normal working state when only one side is under maintenance, avoiding safety accidents caused by information asymmetry, and improving the collaborative safety of the maintenance scenario.

[0041] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A visual safety warning system for a slag chute shaft, comprising safety doors installed in the upper horizontal tunnel (2) and the lower horizontal tunnel (4), wherein, The upper level tunnel (2) is connected to the entrance of the vertical shaft (3), and the lower level tunnel (4) is connected to the exit of the vertical shaft (3). Each of the safety doors is equipped with a door sensor switch. Each of the door sensor switches is connected in series with a relay to the interlocking control circuit. The feature is that it also includes a maintenance status display circuit. The input side of the interlocking control circuit is connected to the power input node. The maintenance status display circuit consists of a maintenance self-locking button and a first alarm. The normally closed node of the maintenance self-locking button is connected in series to the input side of the normally closed contact of the relay. The normally open node of the maintenance self-locking button is connected in series to the input side of the first alarm. The output side of the first alarm and the output side of the normally closed contact of the relay are both connected to the zero potential reference node.

2. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The locking control circuit includes a first control branch and a second control branch. The relays include a first relay KA2 corresponding to the door sensor switch of the upper tunnel (2) and a second relay KA1 corresponding to the door sensor switch of the lower tunnel (4). The first relay KA2 is connected in series to the first control branch, and the second relay KA1 is connected in series to the second control branch. Both the first control branch and the second control branch have a second alarm connected in series on the output side of the first normally closed contact of the corresponding relay.

3. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second warning device is an audible and visual alarm.

4. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first control branch and the second control branch have a third alarm connected in series on the output side of the second normally closed contact of the corresponding relay, and the third alarm is connected in parallel with the second alarm.

5. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The third warning device is a warning light sign.

6. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that, The second and third warning devices corresponding to the first relay KA2 are both installed on the safety door of the upper tunnel (2), and the second and third warning devices corresponding to the second relay KA1 are both installed on the safety door of the lower tunnel (4).

7. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first warning device consists of two warning light signs connected in parallel, which are respectively installed on the safety doors of the upper tunnel (2) and the lower tunnel (4).

8. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The maintenance self-locking button is a self-locking button.

9. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The maintenance self-locking button is installed on the safety door of the upper flat opening (2).

10. The visual safety warning system for slag chute shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The door sensor switch is a limit switch, photoelectric sensor switch, or magnetic sensor switch.

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