Household gas pipeline valve closing state monitoring alarm device

Abstract

Provided is a household gas pipeline valve closed state monitoring alarm device, comprising a capacitive sensor for detecting the communication position and the disconnected position of the gas pipeline valve, the output end of the capacitive sensor being connected to the same-phase input end of a voltage comparator through an RC charging / discharging circuit, and the output end of an adjustable potentiometer being connected to the reverse input end of the voltage comparator, one output end of the voltage comparator being connected to one end of a pull-up resistor and the other end of the pull-up resistor being connected to a power supply, the other output end of the voltage comparator being connected to the input end of a triode switching circuit, and the output end of the triode switching circuit being connected to an alarm loop. The utility model solves the problem of gas safety accidents caused by gas leakage due to forgetting to close or not closing the gas valve, adjusts the circuit power supply state and voltage comparison parameters according to the actual use scene, and adapts to the monitoring requirements of different household gas pipeline valves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of household gas safety technology, specifically relating to a household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection by the nation, natural gas, as a clean energy source, is being used more and more widely. However, while the widespread use of piped gas brings convenience to economic production and daily life, it also poses potential dangers. Although every household kitchen is equipped with a gas leak alarm, many people forget to turn off the gas valve after use, leading to gas leaks and the risk of gas safety accidents. When the concentration of leaked gas reaches a certain level, it can easily cause an explosion upon contact with an open flame, resulting in irreparable damage to life and property. Furthermore, in enclosed spaces, it can easily lead to oxygen deficiency and suffocation, posing a significant threat to human life. Therefore, improvements are necessary to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device. This device uses a capacitive sensor fixed to the outside of the gas pipeline valve, and a voltage comparator to compare the node voltage of the RC charging / discharging circuit with the reverse input voltage set by an adjustable potentiometer. This provides a clear high / low level output of the valve's open / closed status. Simultaneously, a transistor switching circuit controls the alarm loop, ensuring the stability of status signal processing and alarm triggering. This solves the problem of gas leaks caused by forgetting to close or leaving the gas valve open, leading to gas safety accidents. The circuit power supply status and voltage comparison parameters can be adjusted according to actual usage scenarios to adapt to the monitoring needs of different household gas pipeline valves.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: a household gas pipeline valve closed status monitoring and alarm device, including a controllable power supply that provides power to the entire circuit, a voltage comparator, an adjustable potentiometer, a capacitive sensor installed on the outside of the gas pipeline valve for detecting the horizontal closed position and vertical open position of the gas pipeline valve, and an RC charging / discharging circuit. The output terminal of the capacitive sensor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator through the RC charging / discharging circuit, and the output terminal of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator. The voltage comparator compares the voltage at the node where the charging resistor in the RC charging / discharging circuit is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator with the inverting input voltage set by the adjustable potentiometer, and outputs the open / closed state of the gas pipeline valve in a high / low level manner. One output terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to one end of a pull-up resistor, and the other end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the power supply. The other output terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the input terminal of a transistor switching circuit, and the output terminal of the transistor switching circuit is connected to the alarm circuit. The transistor switching circuit controls the on / off state of the alarm circuit according to the output signal of the voltage comparator.

[0005] The RC charging / discharging circuit includes a charging resistor, a charging capacitor, a capacitor discharge switch, and a high-power resistor for rapid discharge of the charging resistor. One end of the charging resistor is connected to one output terminal of the capacitive sensor, and the other end of the charging resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator. The charging capacitor, the capacitor discharge switch, and the high-power resistor connected in series are connected in parallel between the connection node of the charging resistor and the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator and ground.

[0006] Furthermore, the transistor switching circuit includes a transistor switching drive circuit and a protection and execution module. The other output terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the input terminal of the transistor switching drive circuit, and the output terminal of the transistor switching drive circuit is connected to the protection and execution module. The normally open contact of the relay KA in the protection and execution module is connected in series with the alarm circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the transistor switch driving circuit includes a current-limiting resistor and an NPN transistor. The base b of the NPN transistor is connected to another output terminal of the voltage comparator through the series current-limiting resistor. The collector c of the NPN transistor is connected to the protection and execution module, and the emitter e of the NPN transistor is grounded.

[0008] Furthermore, the base b of the NPN transistor is also connected to a base resistor for stabilizing the base b potential of the NPN transistor, and the other end of the base resistor is grounded.

[0009] Furthermore, the protection and execution module includes a freewheeling diode and a relay KA. The anode of the freewheeling diode is connected in reverse parallel with one end of the relay KA coil and connected to the collector c of the NPN transistor. The cathode of the freewheeling diode and the other end of the relay KA coil are both connected to the power supply. The normally open contact of the relay KA is connected in series with the alarm circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the alarm circuit includes a buzzer, a light-emitting diode (LED), and a resistor, with the buzzer connected in parallel with the LED and resistor that are connected in series with each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the voltage comparator is an LM393 type voltage comparator.

[0012] Furthermore, the power supply is switched on and off via a switch connected in the circuit.

[0013] Advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art: 1. This technical solution uses a capacitive sensor fixed on the outside of the gas pipeline valve and a voltage comparator to compare the node voltage of the RC charging / discharging circuit with the reverse input voltage set by the adjustable potentiometer. The valve opening and closing status is clearly output with high and low levels, providing accurate detection conditions to prevent gas leakage. The non-contact detection method achieves accurate identification of valve status, has no mechanical wear, and has a long service life. 2. The NPN transistor amplifier output circuit in this technical solution drives the alarm circuit, ensuring that the output signal of the voltage comparator can stably trigger the alarm and improve the reliability of the alarm action. At the same time, the power supply adopts a controllable power supply, which can flexibly control the start and stop of the device according to the usage requirements. 3. The design of the RC charging / discharging circuit in this technical solution ensures the accuracy and timeliness of the detection signal: the charging resistor and charging capacitor in the circuit realize the stable charging and signal transmission of the output signal of the capacitive sensor, while the combination of the capacitor discharge switch and the high-power resistor can quickly release the residual charge of the charging capacitor, complete the circuit reset, avoid the residual charge from interfering with the next detection, ensure the purity of the signal of each valve status detection, reduce misjudgment caused by signal residue, and improve detection accuracy; 4. This technical solution uses a transistor switching drive circuit. The series current-limiting resistor can limit the current flowing into the base of the NPN transistor, preventing excessive current from burning out the NPN transistor and extending the component's lifespan. At the same time, the emitter of the NPN transistor is directly grounded, forming a stable current loop. This ensures that the NPN transistor operates accurately when switching between the on and off states, without any jamming or false triggering, thus guaranteeing the stable operation of the switching drive function. 5. This technical solution adopts an alarm circuit that combines sound alarm and visual alarm. It can attract the user's attention through sound in noisy environments, and provide light prompts through LEDs in well-lit or quiet environments, covering different usage scenarios. At the same time, the resistor connected in series in the LED circuit can limit the current and prevent the LED from burning out due to overcurrent, thus balancing alarm effect and component protection. 6. This technical solution has a reasonable structural design, which solves the problem of gas safety accidents caused by gas leaks due to forgetting to turn off or not turning off the gas valve. The circuit power supply status and voltage comparison parameters can be adjusted according to the actual use scenario to adapt to the monitoring needs of different household gas pipeline valves. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a simplified circuit diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following will be based on the embodiments of this utility model. Figure 1 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated herein, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0017] In this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0018] Household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the circuit includes a controllable power supply 1 that provides power to the entire circuit, a voltage comparator 7, an adjustable potentiometer 6, a capacitive sensor 3 mounted on the outside of the gas pipeline valve to detect the horizontal closed position and vertical open position of the gas pipeline valve, and an RC charging / discharging circuit 4. The power supply 1 is switched on and off by a switch 2 connected in the circuit, wherein the switch 2 is a rotary switch, and the voltage comparator 7 is an LM393. A voltage comparator, or a voltage comparator with performance similar to the LM393, is used. The output of the capacitive sensor 3 is connected to the non-inverting input of the voltage comparator 7 via an RC charging / discharging circuit 4, and the output of the adjustable potentiometer 6 is connected to the inverting input of the voltage comparator 7. The voltage comparator 7 compares the voltage at the node where the charging resistor 4-2 in the RC charging / discharging circuit 4 is connected to the non-inverting input of the voltage comparator 7 with the inverting input voltage set by the adjustable potentiometer 6, and outputs the on / off state of the gas pipeline valve in a high / low level manner. One output of the voltage comparator 7 is connected to one end of a pull-up resistor 8, and the other end of the pull-up resistor 8 is connected to the power supply 1. The other output of the voltage comparator 7 is connected to the input of a transistor switching circuit, and the transistor switching circuit... The output terminal is connected to the alarm circuit 5, and the transistor switching circuit controls the on / off state of the alarm circuit 5 according to the output signal of the voltage comparator 7. In the above structure, a capacitive sensor 3 is fixed on the outside of the gas pipeline valve, and the voltage comparator 7 compares the node voltage of the RC charging / discharging circuit 4 with the reverse input voltage set by the adjustable potentiometer 6 to clearly output the valve opening / closing state with high and low levels. This provides accurate detection conditions to avoid gas leakage. The non-contact detection method achieves accurate identification of the valve state, has no mechanical wear, and has a long service life. The transistor switching circuit drives the alarm circuit 5 to ensure that the output signal of the voltage comparator 7 can stably trigger the alarm, improving the reliability of the alarm action. At the same time, the power supply 1 adopts a controllable power supply, which can flexibly control the start and stop of the device according to the usage requirements. The specific structure of the RC charging / discharging circuit 4 is as follows: The RC charging / discharging circuit 4 includes a charging resistor 4-1, a charging capacitor 4-2, a capacitor discharge switch 4-3, and a high-power resistor 4-4 for rapid discharge of the charging resistor 4-1. The capacitor discharge switch 4-3 is a normally open button. One end of the charging resistor 4-1 is connected to one output terminal of the capacitive sensor 3, and the other end is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 7. The charging capacitor 4-2, the capacitor discharge switch 4-3 (connected in series), and the high-power resistor 4-4 are connected in parallel between the connection node of the charging resistor 4-1 and the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 7 and ground. This structure enables stable charging and signal transmission of the output signal of the capacitive sensor 3. The combination of the capacitor discharge switch 4-3 and the high-power resistor 4-4 quickly releases the residual charge of the charging capacitor 4-2, resets the circuit, avoids interference from residual charge in the next detection, ensures the purity of the signal for each valve status detection, reduces misjudgments caused by signal residue, and improves detection accuracy.

[0019] The specific structure of the transistor switching circuit is as follows: The transistor switching circuit includes a transistor switching driver circuit 9 and a protection and execution module 10. The other output terminal of the voltage comparator 7 is connected to the input terminal of the transistor switching driver circuit 9, and the output terminal of the transistor switching driver circuit 9 is connected to the protection and execution module 10. The normally open contact 10-3 of the relay KA10-2 in the protection and execution module 10 is connected in series with the alarm circuit 5. In the above structure, the circuit is divided into a transistor switching driver circuit 9 and a protection and execution module 10. The former can amplify the output signal of the voltage comparator 7 to solve the problem that weak signals cannot drive the alarm circuit 5. The latter is connected in series with the alarm circuit 5 through the normally open contact 10-3 of the relay KA10-2, realizing a clear control logic from signal amplification and relay action to the on / off state of the alarm circuit 5. The mechanical contact control of the relay KA10-2 is more stable than that of a purely electronic switch, especially in long-term use, it can reduce faults such as poor contact and improve the reliability of alarm circuit control.

[0020] The specific structure of the transistor switch driving circuit 9 is as follows: The transistor switch driving circuit 9 includes a current-limiting resistor 9-1 and an NPN transistor 9-2. The base b of the NPN transistor 9-2 is connected to another output terminal of the voltage comparator 7 through the series-connected current-limiting resistor 9-1. The collector c of the NPN transistor 9-2 is connected to the protection and execution module 10, and the emitter e of the NPN transistor 9-2 is grounded. Specifically, the base b of the NPN transistor 9-2 is also connected to a device for stabilizing the NPN transistor 9-2. The base resistor 9-3 is at the base b potential, and the other end of the base resistor 9-3 is grounded. In the above structure, the series current-limiting resistor 9-1 can limit the current flowing into the base b of the NPN transistor 9-2, preventing the NPN transistor 9-2 from burning out due to excessive current and extending the service life of the component. At the same time, the emitter e of the NPN transistor 9-2 is directly grounded, forming a stable current loop, ensuring that the NPN transistor 9-2 operates accurately when switching between the on and off states, without any jamming or false triggering, and ensuring the stable operation of the switching drive function.

[0021] The specific structure of the protection and execution module 10 is as follows: The protection and execution module 10 includes a freewheeling diode 10-1 and a relay KA 10-2. The anode of the freewheeling diode 10-1 is connected in reverse parallel with one end of the coil of the relay KA 10-2 and connected to the collector c of the NPN transistor 9-2. The cathode of the freewheeling diode 10-1 and the other end of the coil of the relay KA 10-2 are both connected to the power supply 1. The normally open contact 10-3 of the relay KA 10-2 is connected in series with the alarm circuit 5. In the above structure, firstly, the reverse parallel freewheeling diode 10-1 can absorb the reverse electromotive force generated when the coil of the relay KA 10-2 is de-energized, preventing the electromotive force from damaging the NPN transistor 9-2 or other circuit components, effectively protecting the core device and extending the overall life of the device; secondly, the relay KA 10-2... The 10-2 coil is directly connected to the power supply, and the normally open contact 10-3 is connected in series with the alarm circuit 5. This ensures that the normally open contact 10-3 is reliably closed when the coil of relay 10-2 is energized, triggering the alarm. When the normally open contact 10-3 is de-energized, the contact opens, and the alarm stops. The control logic is clear, and the accuracy of the alarm action is high.

[0022] The specific structure of the alarm circuit 5 is as follows: The alarm circuit 5 includes a buzzer 5-1, a light-emitting diode 5-2, and a resistor 5-3. The buzzer 5-1 is connected in parallel with the light-emitting diode 5-2 and the resistor 5-3, which are connected in series. The alarm circuit 5 adopts a combination of sound alarm and visual alarm, which can attract the user's attention through sound in noisy environments, and provide light prompts through the light of the light-emitting diode 5-2 in well-lit or quiet environments, covering different usage scenarios. At the same time, the resistor 5-3 connected in series in the light-emitting diode circuit can limit the current and prevent the light-emitting diode 5-2 from burning out due to overcurrent, thus balancing alarm effect and component protection.

[0023] When the gas pipeline valve is normally closed: the capacitance parameter detected by the capacitive sensor 3 is stable, the charging process of the charging resistor 4-1 to the charging capacitor 4-2 is in a stable state, the voltage across the charging capacitor 4-2 is lower than the reference voltage set by the inverting input terminal of the adjustable potentiometer 6, and the voltage comparator 7 outputs a low level; the low level is input to the base of the NPN transistor 9-2 through the current limiting resistor 9-1, the NPN transistor 9-2 is cut off, the relay KA 10-2 has no current, the normally open contact 10-3 does not operate and is in the open state, the alarm circuit 5 containing the buzzer 5-1 and the light-emitting diode 5-2 is not connected, and there is no alarm.

[0024] When the gas pipeline valve is not closed or is not closed tightly: the change in capacitance parameter detected by the capacitive sensor 3 causes the charging resistor 4-1 to change the charging speed of the charging capacitor 4-2. The voltage across the charging capacitor 4-2 rises to a level higher than the reference voltage at the inverting input of the voltage comparator 7, and the voltage comparator 7 outputs a high level. The high level turns on the NPN transistor 9-2 through the current limiting resistor 9-1, energizes the coil of the relay KA 10-2, closes its normally open contact 10-3, the buzzer 5-1 sounds, and the light-emitting diode 5-2 lights up, issuing an alarm signal.

[0025] When re-monitoring is required: Operate the capacitor discharge switch 4-3 to close it, and the charging capacitor 4-2 will discharge to the initial voltage state through the series high-power resistor 4-4; After disconnecting the capacitor discharge switch 4-3, the device can detect the gas pipeline valve status again; The voltage across the charging capacitor 4-2 is related to the charging time, i.e. the time the user uses gas, and the alarm time can be set by the adjustable potentiometer 6.

[0026] In this structure, the capacitive sensor 3 is suitable for use with gas pipeline valves made of plastic. If the gas pipeline valve wrench is made of metal, the capacitive sensor 3 is replaced with an inductive sensor. If the gas pipeline valve wrench has magnetic material, the capacitive sensor 3 is replaced with a magnetic switch.

[0027] This technical solution has a reasonable structural design and solves the problem of gas safety accidents caused by gas leaks due to forgetting to turn off or not turning off the gas valve. The circuit power supply status and voltage comparison parameters can be adjusted according to the actual use scenario to adapt to the monitoring needs of different household gas pipeline valves.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device, characterized in that: The circuit includes a controllable power supply (1) that provides power to the entire circuit, a voltage comparator (7), an adjustable potentiometer (6), a capacitive sensor (3) installed on the outside of the gas pipeline valve to detect the horizontal closed position and vertical open position of the gas pipeline valve, and an RC charging / discharging circuit (4). The output of the capacitive sensor (3) is connected to the non-inverting input of the voltage comparator (7) through the RC charging / discharging circuit (4), and the output of the adjustable potentiometer (6) is connected to the inverting input of the voltage comparator (7). The voltage comparator (7) charges the resistor (4-2) in the RC charging / discharging circuit (4). The voltage of the node connected to the non-inverting input of the voltage comparator (7) is compared with the reverse input voltage set by the adjustable potentiometer (6), and the on / off state of the gas pipeline valve is output in a high / low level manner; one output of the voltage comparator (7) is connected to one end of the pull-up resistor (8), and the other end of the pull-up resistor (8) is connected to the power supply (1); the other output of the voltage comparator (7) is connected to the input of the transistor switching circuit, and the output of the transistor switching circuit is connected to the alarm circuit (5), and the transistor switching circuit controls the on / off state of the alarm circuit (5) according to the output signal of the voltage comparator (7).

2. The household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RC charging / discharging circuit (4) includes a charging resistor (4-1), a charging capacitor (4-2), a capacitor discharge switch (4-3), and a high-power resistor (4-4) for fast discharge of the charging resistor (4-1). One end of the charging resistor (4-1) is connected to one output terminal of the capacitive sensor (3), and the other end of the charging resistor (4-1) is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator (7). The charging capacitor (4-2), the capacitor discharge switch (4-3) connected in series with each other, and the high-power resistor (4-4) are connected in parallel between the connection node of the charging resistor (4-1) and the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator (7) and ground.

3. The household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transistor switching circuit includes a transistor switching drive circuit (9) and a protection and execution module (10). The other output terminal of the voltage comparator (7) is connected to the input terminal of the transistor switching drive circuit (9), and the output terminal of the transistor switching drive circuit (9) is connected to the protection and execution module (10). The normally open contact (10-3) of the relay KA (10-2) in the protection and execution module (10) is connected in series with the alarm circuit (5).

4. The household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transistor switch drive circuit (9) includes a current-limiting resistor (9-1) and an NPN transistor (9-2). The base b of the NPN transistor (9-2) is connected to another output terminal of the voltage comparator (7) through the series current-limiting resistor (9-1). The collector c of the NPN transistor (9-2) is connected to the protection and execution module (10), and the emitter e of the NPN transistor (9-2) is grounded.

5. The household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base b of the NPN transistor (9-2) is also connected to a base resistor (9-3) for stabilizing the base b potential of the NPN transistor (9-2), and the other end of the base resistor (9-3) is grounded.

6. The household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protection and execution module (10) includes a freewheeling diode (10-1) and a relay KA (10-2). The anode of the freewheeling diode (10-1) is connected in reverse parallel with one end of the coil of the relay KA (10-2) and connected to the collector c of the NPN transistor (9-2). The cathode of the freewheeling diode (10-1) and the other end of the coil of the relay KA (10-2) are both connected to the power supply (1). The normally open contact (10-3) of the relay KA (10-2) is connected in series with the alarm circuit (5).

7. The household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm circuit (5) includes a buzzer (5-1), a light-emitting diode (5-2), and a resistor (5-3), wherein the buzzer (5-1) is connected in parallel with the light-emitting diode (5-2) and the resistor (5-3) connected in series with each other.

8. The household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage comparator (7) is an LM393 type voltage comparator.

9. The household gas pipeline valve closure status monitoring and alarm device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The power supply (1) is switched on and off by a switch (2) connected in the circuit.

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