Rail transit moving train roof fire sensing system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rail transit motion train roof fire perception system, including straight line monitoring section, encircle monitoring section and control unit, the control unit is located inside train, and with straight line monitoring section with encircle monitoring section electricity is connected, straight line monitoring section is fixed in the train top of one side of a plurality of monitoring target, encircle monitoring section is along the edge distribution of each monitoring target, and with straight line monitoring section together all monitoring target is surrounded. The utility model has the beneficial effects that adopt temperature sensing fiber as monitoring sensing equipment, and with the advantage such as distributed temperature measurement, has the advantage in train roof fire perception and preliminary positioning, realizes key equipment full coverage with " lead " character shape distribution, saves the cost, promotes the accuracy, avoids the cross breakage, prolongs the temperature sensing fiber life, and the heat is transmitted with the metal base, improves the monitoring sensitivity, and the fire perception is faster, and the positioning is more accurate, and the installation groove increases the contact area, and the air temperature measurement is considered with the car body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fire monitoring technology for rail transit vehicles, and in particular relates to a fire sensing system on the roof of a rail transit train. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, for fire detection in urban subway trains, detection equipment is usually installed inside the carriages, stations, or tunnels. There are very few systems that can accurately detect and locate fires on the exterior of high-speed trains, and the means of preventing fire risks to key equipment on the roof of trains in engineering are relatively insufficient.

[0003] Fire detection on the roof of moving trains faces unique environmental challenges: continuous high-speed airflow generated by the train's high-speed operation; high-intensity electromagnetic interference caused by the sliding contact between the pantograph and the overhead contact line; vibration caused by track irregularities; and high requirements for the installation location and size of equipment due to safety considerations for track clearance. These factors collectively constitute insurmountable application barriers for traditional fire detection technologies. Existing fire sensing equipment installed in fixed scenarios (such as stations and tunnels) reveals a series of shortcomings when directly transferred to the roof of moving trains.

[0004] Due to high-speed airflow and train piston wind, traditional smoke detectors are prone to smoke particles being rapidly dispersed by the airflow, preventing them from accumulating near the detector. Additionally, the presence of particulate matter within the tunnel further complicates fire detection. Electromagnetic interference makes thermocouples and other detection devices susceptible to signal interference, causing temperature data drift. Photodiodes in smoke detectors may also experience false triggering due to electromagnetic pulses. Vehicle vibrations affect the optical collimation requirements of some detectors, necessitating daily manual calibration and significantly increasing maintenance costs. Furthermore, safety restrictions related to clearance limits the installation of larger detection devices on the roof.

[0005] Therefore, we need to design a fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train includes a linear monitoring section, a surround monitoring section, and a control unit. The control unit is located inside the train and is electrically connected to the linear monitoring section and the surround monitoring section. The linear monitoring section is fixed to one side of the train roof of several monitoring targets. The surround monitoring section is distributed along the edge of each monitoring target and together with the linear monitoring section surrounds all the monitoring targets.

[0008] Preferably, the surrounding monitoring section is fixed to the top of the train in a "bow" shape, forming a "lead" - shaped structure with the linear monitoring section, and the monitoring targets are respectively located within the area enclosed by the linear monitoring section and the surrounding monitoring section.

[0009] With such a setting, the "bow" - shaped surrounding monitoring section can flexibly adapt to the contours of different monitoring targets. Especially when there are multiple scattered or irregularly shaped targets on the top of the train, it can achieve a tight surrounding through bending adaptation; and it forms a "lead" - shaped structure with the linear monitoring section, enabling the linear section and the surrounding section to form an orderly enclosed space, which can achieve complete coverage of key equipment. The temperature measurement points are arranged around the key equipment, ensuring that each monitoring target is within the monitoring range, reasonably utilizing the space on the top of the train, avoiding monitoring blind spots caused by chaotic layout of the monitoring section, and also avoiding the situation where the temperature - sensing optical fiber and the base cross in the "grid" - shaped arrangement. This avoids friction damage or fracture at the crossing point due to the vibration of the train during operation, thereby affecting the service life of the temperature - sensing optical fiber. Moreover, the "lead" - shaped arrangement has clear wiring, can save costs, and improve the accuracy of monitoring.

[0010] Preferably, both the linear monitoring section and the surrounding monitoring section include a linear base. The linear fixing base is fixed to the top of the train through an adhesive layer. An installation groove is formed along the extending direction on the top of the linear base, and a temperature - sensing optical fiber is fitted in the installation groove. A fixing buckle is detachably arranged on the installation groove, and an elastic pressing layer is arranged inside the fixing buckle, and the elastic pressing layer is in contact with the temperature - sensing optical fiber.

[0011] With such a setting, the adhesive fixing method does not require drilling holes in the top of the train, which can not only firmly fix the base but also avoid damaging the top structure of the train, while simplifying the installation process; the installation groove provides a stable accommodation space for the temperature - sensing optical fiber. Through the installation groove, the contact area between the temperature - sensing optical fiber and the top of the train can be increased, changing the connection between the temperature - measuring optical fiber and the top of the train from "line contact" to "surface contact", improving the monitoring speed and accuracy, and at the same time reducing the influence of external friction and collision on the optical fiber; the detachable fixing buckle is convenient for the installation, maintenance and replacement of the temperature - sensing optical fiber, reducing the maintenance cost; the elastic pressing layer can closely contact the optical fiber, ensuring the heat conduction efficiency between the optical fiber and the heat source, enhancing the temperature - sensing sensitivity, and at the same time reducing the damage to the optical fiber caused by vibration and extrusion through elastic buffering, extending its service life.

[0012] Preferably, an elbow base is further arranged on the surrounding monitoring section, and the elbow base on the surrounding monitoring section and the linear base are connected by a connecting frame.

[0013] Set up like this, the surrounding monitoring section needs to be bent and distributed along the edge of the monitoring target. The setting of the elbow base can adapt to the installation requirements of the bent part, ensure the smooth transition of the optical fiber at the turning point, and avoid the optical fiber from breaking due to forced bending; the connecting frame firmly connects the elbow base and the straight base, ensuring the structural integrity of the two at the bent connection, preventing the connection from loosening due to the vibration during the train operation, and ensuring the overall stability of the monitoring section.

[0014] Preferably, first connecting blocks are provided at both ends of the straight monitoring section, second connecting blocks are provided at both ends of the elbow base, positioning grooves are provided on the side walls of the first connecting block and the second connecting block, the connecting frame is of a "C" - shaped structure, and positioning blocks are respectively and fixedly provided on a set of opposite inner walls thereof. When the straight base and the elbow base are connected by the connecting frame, the first connecting block and the second connecting block are located inside the connecting frame, and the positioning blocks are located inside the positioning grooves.

[0015] Set up like this, the "C" - shaped connecting frame can wrap the first and second connecting blocks from the outside, enhancing the tightness of the connection; the cooperation between the positioning block and the positioning groove realizes the precise positioning of the straight base and the elbow base, avoiding deviation during installation, ensuring the continuity of the optical fiber at the connection, and preventing damage to the temperature - sensing optical fiber due to misalignment; at the same time, it also makes the connection operation more convenient, and through the guiding effect of the positioning groove and the positioning block, the assembly efficiency is improved.

[0016] Preferably, a number of fixing grooves are respectively and spaced apart on the side walls of the straight base on both sides of the installation groove, clamping grooves are provided on the inner walls of the fixing grooves, the fixing buckle is of a "C" - shaped structure, and hooks are respectively and fixedly provided on a set of opposite inner walls thereof, and the elastic pressing layer is fixedly provided on the other inner wall. When both ends of the fixing buckle are respectively inserted into the fixing grooves, the hooks will be inserted into the clamping grooves.

[0017] Set up like this, the cooperation between the hook and the clamping groove makes the fixing buckle and the base form a firm connection, preventing the fixing buckle from falling off due to vibration during the train operation, ensuring that the optical fiber is always in a stable installation state; the design of the "C" - shaped fixing buckle enables it to be quickly inserted into or pulled out of the fixing groove, facilitating the maintenance or replacement of the optical fiber; the elastic pressing layer can continuously apply an appropriate pressure to the optical fiber after the fixing buckle is installed, not only ensuring the close fit between the optical fiber and the base to improve the temperature - sensing effect, but also avoiding damaging the optical fiber due to excessive pressure; the spaced - apart fixing grooves can flexibly select the fixing positions according to the length of the optical fiber, adapting to the requirements of different monitoring scenarios.

[0018] Preferably, the materials of the straight base and the elbow base are both aluminum alloy materials, and the bonding layer is a single - component RTV thermal conductive silicone.

[0019] With such a setting, using aluminum alloy as the material for the straight base and elbow base has the advantages of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, etc. It can not only reduce the overall weight of the device, but also ensure that the base has sufficient structural strength to adapt to various environments during train operation. It also has excellent thermal conductivity, improving the monitoring sensitivity. The one-component RTV thermal conductive silicone as the bonding layer not only has good bonding effect and can firmly fix the base on the train roof, but also has good thermal conductivity, which is conducive to heat transfer and will not affect the temperature perception of the temperature-sensitive optical fiber. At the same time, it also has certain weather resistance and can maintain stable bonding performance in the complex environment on the train roof.

[0020] The advantages and positive effects of the present utility model are as follows: 1. The present utility model uses a temperature-sensitive optical fiber as the monitoring and sensing device. With its advantages of distributed temperature measurement, anti-electromagnetic interference, real-time monitoring, high-precision temperature measurement, accurate positioning, corrosion resistance and anti-vibration, and full-area coverage, it has advantages in train roof fire perception and preliminary positioning.

[0021] 2. Through the "guide" - shaped distribution, the present utility model can achieve complete coverage of key equipment. The temperature measurement points are around the key equipment, which not only ensures that each monitoring target is within the monitoring range, but also can reasonably utilize the space on the train roof, avoiding monitoring blind spots caused by chaotic layout in the monitoring section. Moreover, the overall wiring is clear, which can save costs and improve the accuracy of monitoring. At the same time, it eliminates the situation of the intersection of the temperature-sensitive optical fiber and the base caused by the "well" - shaped layout method, avoiding friction damage or fracture at the intersection due to the vibration of the train during operation, and extending the service life of the temperature-sensitive optical fiber.

[0022] 3. By transferring heat through the metal base, the present utility model can quickly transfer the roof temperature to the temperature-sensitive optical fiber, improving the monitoring sensitivity. At the same time, the installation groove on the base can increase the contact area between the temperature-sensitive optical fiber and the base. The lower half surface is heated to monitor the vehicle body temperature, and the upper half part measures the air temperature. Compared with only measuring the air temperature, the speed of fire perception is faster and the positioning is more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure on the train roof of the present utility model; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the straight base and the elbow base of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the temperature-sensing optical fiber and the linear base after installation of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting frame structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing buckle structure of this utility model.

[0025] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows: 1. Train; 2. Air conditioning unit; 3. Pantograph; 4. Electrical components; 51. Linear monitoring section; 52. Surround monitoring section; 53. Control unit; 501. Linear base; 502. Adhesive layer; 503. Fixing groove; 504. Slot; 505. Mounting groove; 506. Temperature sensing fiber optic cable; 507. Fixing buckle; 508. Hook; 509. Elastic pressure layer; 510. Elbow base; 511. Connecting frame; 512. Positioning block; 513. First connecting block; 514. Second connecting block; 515. Positioning groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1: As Figures 1-5As shown in the figure, a roof fire perception system for a rail transit moving train includes a linear monitoring section 51, a surrounding monitoring section 52, and a control unit 53. The control unit 53 is located inside the train 1 and is electrically connected to the linear monitoring section 51 and the surrounding monitoring section 52. The linear monitoring section 51 is fixed on the top of the train 1 on one side of several monitoring targets. The monitoring targets are the air-conditioning units 2, pantographs 3, electrical components 4, etc. located on the top of the train 1. The surrounding monitoring section 52 is distributed along the edges of each monitoring target and, together with the linear monitoring section 51, surrounds all the monitoring targets. Both the linear monitoring section 51 and the surrounding monitoring section 52 include a linear base 501. The linear fixing base is fixed on the top of the train 1 through an adhesive layer 502, providing stable support for the entire monitoring section. An installation groove 505 is opened along the extending direction on the top of the linear base 501. A temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 is fitted in the installation groove 505. The shape of the installation groove 505 is adapted to the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 to ensure that the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 can be laid in a straight line direction. In this embodiment, the WT-GL-101 type micro-probe optical fiber is used. A fixing buckle 507 is detachably arranged on the installation groove 505. An elastic pressing layer 509 is arranged inside the fixing buckle 507. The elastic pressing layer 509 is in contact with the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506. By using the contact between the elastic pressing layer 509 and the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506, the fixing of the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 is achieved, and at the same time, the deformation of the elastic pressing layer 509 adapts to the laying state of the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506, avoiding damage to the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 caused by hard extrusion, and ensuring the close contact between the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 and the installation groove 505.

[0029] As the core processing component, the control unit 53 uses a Brillouin centimeter-level distributed optical fiber temperature measurement host of model BLY-FT100. This optical fiber temperature measurement host includes four temperature measurement channels and can connect four optical fibers at the same time. The minimum temperature measurement size of each optical fiber is 100 mm, and the temperature measurement range is -200~700°C. It is arranged inside the train 1 to avoid interference from the external environment to signal processing. It receives the monitoring signals of the linear monitoring section 51 and the surrounding monitoring section 52 through electrical connection. The linear monitoring section 51 establishes a basic monitoring line from one side of the monitoring target, and the surrounding monitoring section 52 extends along the edge. The two together form a closed monitoring range, ensuring that all monitoring targets are under monitoring coverage, so that the monitoring data can be fed back to the control unit 53 in real time.

[0030] The surrounding monitoring section 52 is fixed on the top of the train 1 in a "bow" shape and forms a "lead" shape structure with the linear monitoring section 51. The monitoring targets are respectively located in the area surrounded by the linear monitoring section 51 and the surrounding monitoring section 52.

[0031] The "bow" - shaped design of the surrounding monitoring section 52 enables it to adapt to the edge trends of different monitoring targets and adjust the fitting degree with the edges of each monitoring target through bending; the straight monitoring section 51 serves as a straight - line basis and is spliced with the "bow" - shaped surrounding monitoring section 52 into a "lead" - shaped structure. By utilizing the difference in the extension directions of the two, the monitoring target is limited within the enclosed area. The bent part of the "bow" - shaped section and the straight part of the straight monitoring section 51 form a multi - angle monitoring surface, ensuring that the fire situation at any position within the area can be captured by the monitoring components of the corresponding section.

[0032] The straight monitoring section 51 and the surrounding monitoring section 52 can be arranged in a single - line form or in a double - line parallel arrangement. In the double - line parallel state, they can form a complement to ensure the comprehensiveness of monitoring.

[0033] An elbow base 510 is also provided on the surrounding monitoring section 52. The elbow base 510 on the surrounding monitoring section 52 and the straight base 501 are connected by a connecting frame 511.

[0034] The surrounding monitoring section 52 needs to be bent along the edge of the monitoring target. The elbow base 510 is used to achieve the steering transition of the monitoring section and cooperate with the straight base 501 to form a complete surrounding path; the connecting frame 511, as a connecting component, fixes the elbow base 510 and the straight base 501 to ensure the connection stability at the bending part, enabling the temperature - sensing optical fiber 506 to smoothly transition through the connection part of the elbow base 510 and the straight base 501, and avoiding breakage or loosening at the turning point.

[0035] It should be noted that when the turning angle of the elbow base 510 is less than 90 degrees, the radius of the elbow base 510 is not less than 60 mm. When the turning angle of the elbow base 510 is not less than 90 degrees, the radius of the elbow base 510 needs to be greater than 60 mm.

[0036] First connection blocks 513 are provided at both ends of the straight monitoring section 51, and second connection blocks 514 are provided at both ends of the elbow base 510. Positioning grooves 515 are provided on the side walls of the first connection blocks 513 and the second connection blocks 514. The connecting frame 511 is of a "C" - shaped structure, and positioning blocks 512 are respectively and fixedly provided on a set of opposite inner walls thereof. When the straight base 501 and the elbow base 510 are connected by the connecting frame 511, the first connection blocks 513 and the second connection blocks 514 are located within the connecting frame 511, and the positioning blocks 512 are located within the positioning grooves 515. The first connecting block 513 and the second connecting block 514 serve as the connecting ends of the straight base 501 and the elbow base 510 respectively. The positioning grooves 515 on the side walls thereof cooperate with the positioning blocks 512 of the connecting frame 511; the "C" - shaped structure of the connecting frame 511 wraps the first connecting block 513 and the second connecting block 514. By inserting the positioning blocks 512 into the positioning grooves 515, the precise docking of the two is achieved, restricting the relative displacement after connection, ensuring that the straight base 501 and the elbow base 510 maintain a preset angle after connection, and providing a structural basis for the continuous laying of the temperature - sensing optical fiber 506. On the side walls of the straight base 501 on both sides of the installation groove 505, a number of fixing grooves 503 are respectively arranged at intervals. On the inner wall of the fixing groove 503, a clamping groove 504 is provided. The fixing buckle 507 is of a "C" - shaped structure, and on a set of opposite inner walls thereof, hooks 508 are respectively fixedly arranged. The elastic pressing layer 509 is fixedly arranged on the other inner wall. When the two ends of the fixing buckle 507 are respectively inserted into the fixing grooves 503, the hooks 508 will be inserted into the clamping grooves 504. The fixing groove 503 is adapted to the "C" - shaped structure of the fixing buckle 507. When the two ends of the fixing buckle 507 are inserted into the fixing grooves 503, the hooks 508 and the clamping grooves 504 form a clamping connection, realizing the mechanical locking of the fixing buckle 507 and the straight base 501. One is arranged every 200 mm on the straight base 501. The other inner wall of the fixing buckle 507 contacts the temperature - sensing optical fiber 506 through the elastic pressing layer 509. Under the locking effect of the hooks 508 and the clamping grooves 504, the elastic pressing layer 509 generates continuous pressure to fix the temperature - sensing optical fiber 506 in the installation groove 505. The fixing grooves 503 arranged at intervals can select the corresponding positions to install the fixing buckle 507 according to the laying length of the temperature - sensing optical fiber 506, realizing segmented fixation. The materials of the straight base 501 and the elbow base 510 are both aluminum alloy materials, and the bonding layer 502 is a single - component RTV heat - conductive silica gel. The straight base 501 and the elbow base 510 made of aluminum alloy material have sufficient structural strength to support the laying of the temperature - sensing optical fiber 506 and reduce the weight of the overall device; as the bonding layer 502, the single - component RTV heat - conductive silica gel, on the one hand, firmly connects the base to the top of the train 1, and on the other hand, its heat - conductive performance can ensure that the temperature change on the top of the train 1 can be transmitted to the temperature - sensing optical fiber 506, avoiding the influence of heat insulation of the bonding layer 502 on the monitoring accuracy. And the weather resistance of the silica gel can adapt to the temperature and humidity changes on the top of the train 1, balancing the heat conductivity, bonding reliability, weather resistance and anti - vibration ability, adapting to the harsh environment of the train roof, ensuring the efficient heat transfer between the optical fiber base and the roof, and at the same time avoiding the falling off or performance attenuation during long - term use, and ensuring the connection stability.

[0037] Working process of this embodiment: During operation, the device is in a standby state. The linear monitoring section 51 and the surrounding monitoring section 52 are fixed on the top of the train 1 through their respective linear bases 501, elbow bases 510 and connecting frames 511: The linear base 501 and the elbow base 510 are fixedly pasted on the top of the train 1 through the bonding layer 502. The elbow base 510 is connected to the linear base 501 through the connecting frame 511. The positioning block 512 of the connecting frame 511 is embedded in the positioning groove 515 of the first connecting block 513 and the second connecting block 514 to ensure the stable connection between the two; The temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 is laid along the installation groove 505 of the linear base 501 and the elbow base 510. After the fixing buckle 507 is inserted into the fixing groove 503, the hook 508 is snapped into the card slot 504 to achieve locking. The elastic pressing layer 509 tightly presses the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 to make it closely fit with the installation groove 505, ensuring the smoothness of the temperature conduction path; The control unit 53 is inside the train 1 and receives the basic signals transmitted back by the linear monitoring section 51 and the surrounding monitoring section 52 in real time through electrical connection. When a fire breaks out in the monitoring target, the heat first spreads around. The base made of aluminum alloy and the single-component RTV thermal conductive silicone bonding layer 502 do not hinder the heat conduction, ensuring that the temperature signal sensed by the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 truly reflects the fire temperature. The cooperation between the hook 508 of the fixing buckle 507 and the card slot 504 and the positioning structure of the connecting frame 511 respectively ensure the stability of the connection between the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 and the base, avoiding the loosening or displacement of the optical fiber caused by the vibration of the train 1 during operation and ensuring the continuous signal transmission; The fitting of the elastic pressing layer 509 ensures that the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 always maintains an effective thermal contact with the heat source, guaranteeing the monitoring sensitivity. Moreover, the enclosed area formed by the "Yin" - shaped structure ensures that no matter whether the heat spreads from the side or the edge of the monitoring target, it will be captured by the corresponding temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506. After the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 senses the temperature change, its internal optical properties, such as optical attenuation, phase, etc., change, and this change will be transmitted by the temperature-sensitive optical fiber 506 to the optical fiber temperature measurement host.

[0038] After receiving the signal, the optical fiber temperature measurement host will analyze the data: When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined as a fire, and then the warning mechanism is activated, such as sounding an alarm, triggering the linkage signal of the fire extinguishing device, etc.

[0039] The above has described an embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the application of the present invention should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train, characterized in that: It includes a straight monitoring section (51), a surrounding monitoring section (52) and a control unit (53). The control unit (53) is located inside the train (1) and is electrically connected to the straight monitoring section (51) and the surrounding monitoring section (52). The straight monitoring section (51) is fixed on one side of the top of the train (1) of several monitoring targets. The surrounding monitoring section (52) is distributed along the edge of each monitoring target and together with the straight monitoring section (51) surrounds all the monitoring targets.

2. The fire detection system on the roof of a rail transit train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding monitoring section (52) is fixed on the top of the train (1) in a "bow" shape and forms a "drawing" - shaped structure with the straight monitoring section (51). The monitoring targets are respectively located in the area enclosed by the straight monitoring section (51) and the surrounding monitoring section (52).

3. A fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the straight monitoring section (51) and the surrounding monitoring section (52) include a straight base (501). The straight base (501) is fixed on the top of the train (1) through an adhesive layer (502). An installation groove (505) is opened along the extending direction on the top of the straight base (501). A temperature - sensitive optical fiber (506) is fitted in the installation groove (505). A fixing buckle (507) is detachably arranged on the installation groove (505). An elastic pressing layer (509) is arranged on the inner side of the fixing buckle (507), and the elastic pressing layer (509) is in contact with the temperature - sensitive optical fiber (506).

4. A fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train according to claim 3, characterized in that: An elbow base (510) is further arranged on the surrounding monitoring section (52). The elbow base (510) on the surrounding monitoring section (52) and the straight base (501) are connected by a connecting frame (511).

5. A fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train according to claim 4, characterized in that: First connecting blocks (513) are arranged at both ends of the straight monitoring section (51). Second connecting blocks (514) are arranged at both ends of the elbow base (510). Positioning grooves (515) are arranged on the side walls of the first connecting blocks (513) and the second connecting blocks (514). The connecting frame (511) is in a "C" - shaped structure, and positioning blocks (512) are respectively and fixedly arranged on a pair of opposite inner walls thereof. When the straight base (501) and the elbow base (510) are connected by the connecting frame (511), the first connecting blocks (513) and the second connecting blocks (514) are located inside the connecting frame (511), and the positioning blocks (512) are located inside the positioning grooves (515).

6. A fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train according to claim 3, characterized in that: A number of fixing grooves (503) are respectively and spaced apart on the side walls of the straight base (501) on both sides of the installation groove (505). A clamping groove (504) is opened on the inner wall of the fixing groove (503). The fixing buckle (507) is in a "C" - shaped structure, and clamping hooks (508) are respectively and fixedly arranged on a pair of opposite inner walls thereof. The elastic pressing layer (509) is fixedly arranged on the other inner wall. When both ends of the fixing buckle (507) are inserted into the fixing grooves (503), the clamping hooks (508) will be inserted into the clamping grooves (504).

7. A fire detection system for the roof of a rail transit train according to claim 4, characterized in that: The straight base (501) and the elbow base (510) are both made of aluminum alloy, and the adhesive layer (502) is a single-component RTV thermally conductive silicone.

Images