Cylindrical grinding machine using split dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel frame structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of cylindrical grinding machine, disclose a kind of cylindrical grinding machine using split type dynamic static pressure grinding wheel frame structure, by the bearing of the spindle supported in grinding wheel frame is two split units with independent oil inlet structure, effectively take into account many-sided advantage, solve the core contradiction of small cylindrical grinding machine. It includes bed, and there is workstation on the bed, and headstock and tailstock are equipped on the workstation, and there is grinding wheel frame on the bed in workstation side, and grinding wheel spindle and bearing are equipped inside grinding wheel frame;Bearing has two and is split type and is arranged in the inside of grinding wheel frame, and two bearings commonly support grinding wheel spindle, and independent oil inlet structure is equipped in two bearings, to supply the oil liquid generated by static pressure generator to enter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cylindrical grinding machine technology, and more specifically, to a cylindrical grinding machine using a split dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel head structure. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in the field of precision machining, the external cylindrical grinding machine's grinding wheel spindle support structure directly determines the machine's machining accuracy, stability, and service life, and is a key component affecting the grinding quality of workpieces.

[0003] Currently, the spindle support structures of small-sized cylindrical grinding machines on the market are mainly divided into two categories: one is the use of traditional integrated hydrostatic bearings. Although this type of bearing can achieve good spindle support performance through the superposition of hydrostatic oil film and hydrodynamic effect, due to its integrated design, the machining process requires high-precision forming and oil circuit integration of complex internal cavities. This not only places extremely high demands on machining equipment and processes, resulting in large material losses and high manufacturing costs, but also has a large overall size, making it difficult to fit into the compact installation space of small-sized cylindrical grinding machines, thus limiting its application scenarios. The other type is the use of ordinary rolling bearings. Although this type of bearing is lower in cost and easier to install, due to its own structural characteristics, the spindle rotation accuracy is poor, and radial runout is difficult to control effectively, directly affecting the roundness of the workpiece. At the same time, its radial rigidity is weak, and it cannot effectively absorb the vibration generated during grinding, which easily leads to errors such as ripples and scratches on the workpiece surface. In addition, the contact friction between the rolling elements and the raceway is prone to wear, resulting in a short service life, high maintenance and replacement frequency, and poor long-term economic efficiency. In actual production, users of small-scale cylindrical grinding machines require equipment with high machining accuracy and stability to meet the grinding needs of precision parts, while also hoping to control manufacturing and subsequent maintenance costs and adapt to the limited installation space in the production workshop. However, neither of the existing two types of grinding wheel head spindle support structures can simultaneously achieve economy, space adaptability, and machining reliability: integrated hydrostatic bearings, although high in performance, are expensive and bulky, while ordinary rolling bearings, although low in cost and small in size, have insufficient performance. The contradiction between the two has become a major bottleneck restricting the development of small-scale cylindrical grinding machines towards high efficiency and high precision. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, and to propose an external cylindrical grinding machine using a split dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel frame structure.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: An external cylindrical grinding machine using a split-type hydrostatic grinding wheel head structure includes a bed, a worktable on the bed, a headstock and a tailstock on the worktable, a grinding wheel head on one side of the worktable on the bed, and a grinding wheel spindle and bearings inside the grinding wheel head; there are two bearings, which are separately arranged inside the grinding wheel head, and the two bearings jointly support the grinding wheel spindle, and each of the two bearings has an independent oil inlet structure to allow oil generated by the hydrostatic generator to enter.

[0006] Furthermore, the above-mentioned solution includes an oil cavity located within the bearing cavity, with a right-side oil sealing strip and a left-side oil sealing strip on both sides of the oil cavity, and the oil cavity is connected to an oil inlet hole for supplying oil.

[0007] Furthermore, the above scheme includes six oil chambers that are equally distributed within the bearing cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above scheme, the oil cavity is involute in shape, and the center of its base circle coincides with the center of the bearing.

[0009] Furthermore, the above scheme is further improved by stating that the oil cavity is deepest at the oil inlet and gradually decreases in depth along the rotation direction, reaching zero depth at point A.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above scheme, the oil generated by the hydrostatic generator enters the oil chamber through the oil inlet, and when the oil rotates together with the grinding wheel spindle in the direction of rotation, the pressure of the oil on the grinding wheel spindle increases to form dynamic pressure.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention, by designing the bearings supporting the spindle within the grinding wheel holder as two separate units with independent oil inlets, significantly reduces processing and material costs compared to traditional integrated hydrostatic bearings, requires less installation space, and is suitable for small-sized cylindrical grinding machines. Compared to ordinary rolling bearings, it significantly improves spindle rotation accuracy and radial rigidity. At the same time, individual bearings are easy to maintain and replace, and independent oil circuits enhance fault resistance. It effectively balances economy, space adaptability, ease of maintenance, and processing quality and efficiency, resolving the core contradictions related to small-sized cylindrical grinding machines. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the grinding wheel spindle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bearing; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the oil inlet hole; The components are: 1. Bed; 2. Worktable; 3. Headstock; 4. Tailstock; 5. Grinding wheel head; 51. Grinding wheel spindle; 52. Bearing; 521. Oil chamber; 522. Right side oil sealing band; 523. Left side oil sealing band; 524. Oil inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. The present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: An external cylindrical grinding machine using a split-type dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel head structure, see attached figure. Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 As shown, the machine includes a bed 1, a worktable 2 on the bed 1, a headstock 3 and a tailstock 4 on the worktable 2; a grinding wheel head 5 is provided on one side of the worktable 2 on the bed 1, through which the workpiece can be ground. The grinding wheel head 5 contains a grinding wheel spindle 51 and bearings 52. This structure is a common technical means in existing cylindrical grinding machines, and will not be described in detail here. The improvement of this invention lies in that there are two bearings 52, which are separately arranged inside the grinding wheel head 5, and the two bearings 52 jointly support the grinding wheel spindle 51. In addition, each of the two bearings 52 has an independent oil inlet structure to allow oil generated by the hydrostatic generator to enter.

[0014] In its specific implementation, this invention splits the bearing 52 supporting the grinding wheel spindle 51 within the grinding wheel holder 5 into two separate units with independent oil inlet structures. During operation, a hydrostatic generator supplies oil to the two bearings 52 independently. During the low-speed / start-up phase, a hydrostatic oil film is formed to prevent dry friction between the grinding wheel spindle 51 and the bearing 52. During the high-speed grinding phase, the dynamic pressure effect generated by the oil movement enhances the rigidity of the oil film. The two bearings 52 work together to achieve stable support for the spindle. Compared with the traditional integrated hydrostatic spindle, this invention significantly reduces processing and material costs and is suitable for the compact space of small cylindrical grinding machines. Compared with ordinary rolling bearings 52, it significantly improves the spindle rotation accuracy (controlling radial runout and ensuring workpiece roundness) and radial rigidity (absorbing grinding vibration and reducing surface errors). Furthermore, the maintenance and replacement of a single bearing 52 is convenient, and the independent oil circuit enhances the ability to resist failure. This invention can meet the high-efficiency and high-quality grinding requirements of small cylindrical grinding machines at low cost, taking into account both economy and processing reliability.

[0015] For the above scheme, please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 3 and attached Figure 4As shown, the oil inlet structure includes six oil chambers 521 equally distributed in the inner cavity of the bearing 52. The oil chambers 521 are respectively provided with a right-side oil sealing strip 522 and a left-side oil sealing strip 523 on both sides to seal the oil chambers 521. The oil chambers 521 are connected to an oil inlet hole 524 for oil to enter. The oil chambers 521 are involute in shape, and the center of their base circle coincides with the center of the bearing 52. The oil chambers 521 are the deepest at the oil inlet and gradually decrease in depth along the direction of rotation, reaching zero depth at point A.

[0016] During operation, the oil generated by the hydrostatic generator enters the oil chamber 521 through the oil inlet 524. Under the action of friction, the oil and the grinding wheel spindle 51 rotate together in the direction of rotation. As the size of the oil chamber 521 gradually decreases, the pressure of the oil on the grinding wheel spindle 51 increases, forming dynamic pressure. The design of the six-part involute-shaped oil chamber 521 makes the oil distribution more uniform and the dynamic pressure effect more stable. The right-side sealing oil band 522 and the left-side sealing oil band 523 ensure the oil film sealing to prevent pressure leakage. With the independent oil inlet of the separate bearing 52, it not only enhances the rotational accuracy and rigidity of the grinding wheel spindle 51 to improve workpiece quality, but also adapts to the cost and space limitations of small-sized cylindrical grinding machines. Furthermore, the individual oil chamber 521 and bearing 52 are easy to maintain, further improving the reliability and efficiency of processing.

[0017] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The descriptions of the above embodiments and specifications are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cylindrical grinding machine using a split-type dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel head structure, comprising a bed (1), a worktable (2) on the bed (1), a headstock (3) and a tailstock (4) on the worktable (2), and a grinding wheel head (5) on one side of the worktable (2) on the bed (1), wherein a grinding wheel spindle (51) and a bearing (52) are disposed inside the grinding wheel head (5); characterized in that: There are two bearings (52) that are separately installed inside the grinding wheel frame (5), and the two bearings (52) jointly support the grinding wheel spindle (51). Each of the two bearings (52) has an independent oil inlet structure to allow the oil generated by the hydrostatic generator to enter.

2. The cylindrical grinding machine using a split-type dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet structure includes an oil cavity (521) located inside the bearing (52). The oil cavity (521) has a right-side oil sealing strip (522) and a left-side oil sealing strip (523) on both sides. The oil cavity (521) is connected to an oil inlet hole (524) for oil to enter.

3. The cylindrical grinding machine using a split-type dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel head structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil chamber (521) has six chambers, which are equally distributed in the inner cavity of the bearing (52).

4. A cylindrical grinding machine using a split-type dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil cavity (521) is involute in shape, and the center of its base circle coincides with the center of the bearing (52).

5. A cylindrical grinding machine using a split-type dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil cavity (521) is deepest at the oil inlet and gradually shrinks along the rotation direction, reaching zero depth at point A.

6. A cylindrical grinding machine using a split-type dynamic and static pressure grinding wheel head structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oil generated by the hydrostatic generator enters the oil chamber (521) through the oil inlet (524), and when the oil rotates together with the grinding wheel spindle (51) in the direction of rotation, the pressure of the oil on the grinding wheel spindle (51) increases to form dynamic pressure.

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