A four-link rear drive solid axle suspension structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four connecting rod rear drive integral bridge type suspension structure, including integral drive axle, two upper control arms, two lower control arms, transverse stabilizer bar, two spiral composite springs and frame. Upper control arm and lower control arm are arranged on the both sides of drive axle respectively in symmetry, and are hinged with frame and drive axle respectively, form spatial four connecting rod guiding mechanism, transverse stabilizer bar is along vehicle transverse setting and is connected with drive axle and frame respectively, spiral composite spring sets up between drive axle and frame, and shock absorber is coaxial with spiral spring arrangement. The structure has improved rear axle guiding precision and transverse stability on the basis of reserving integral bridge carrying capacity, has improved braking and turning posture, and has improved ride smoothness and comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle chassis suspension technology, and more specifically to a four-link rear drive integral axle suspension structure. Background Technology

[0002] In vehicle chassis rear suspension technology, the rear-wheel-drive integral drive axle remains widely used in various vehicle platforms due to its simple structure, high load-bearing capacity, low manufacturing cost, and good durability. The integral drive axle rigidly connects the left and right wheels through the axle housing, enabling it to adapt to complex road conditions and load requirements.

[0003] Common forms of rear suspension for existing solid axles include leaf spring suspension and a combination structure of "coil spring + guide rod". Leaf springs provide elastic support while also having a certain guiding function, but their stiffness is generally high, and road vibrations are transmitted more directly, limiting comfort; inter-leaf friction results in insufficient filtering of small vibrations; the coupling of elasticity and guiding function makes solid axles prone to adverse attitude changes under conditions of encountering obstacles on one side or asymmetrical loads, affecting tire contact and handling stability.

[0004] Replacing leaf springs with coil springs separates the elastic element from the guiding mechanism, which can improve comfort. However, in some structures, the guiding mechanism is simplified, and the longitudinal, lateral, and attitude restraint capabilities of the solid axle are insufficient. Under conditions of rapid acceleration, emergency braking, or large lateral forces, the solid axle may experience irregular displacement or attitude changes, affecting vehicle braking and cornering stability, vehicle body posture consistency, and driving quality.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a four-link suspension structure based on a rear-drive integral drive axle. Through the reasonable arrangement of the upper and lower control arms and the lateral stabilizer bar, more precise constraints on the motion freedom of the integral axle can be achieved. In conjunction with the helical composite spring, a more easily matched elasticity and damping system can be formed, which can improve the vehicle's driving stability and ride comfort while maintaining the load-bearing and durability advantages of the integral axle. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem this utility model aims to solve is: under the premise of using an integral drive axle, by reasonably arranging the upper control arm, lower control arm, lateral stabilizer bar and helical composite spring to form a spatial four-bar linkage guide mechanism and a clear lateral positioning mechanism, the motion freedom of the integral drive axle is reasonably constrained, so that key kinematic parameters such as kingpin angle, instantaneous center of motion and roll center are kept within a reasonable range, thereby improving the vehicle's braking posture, roll characteristics and straight-line driving stability, while improving ride comfort.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A four-link rear-drive solid axle suspension structure, characterized in that it includes a solid drive axle, an upper control arm, a lower control arm, a stabilizer bar, a helical composite spring, and a vehicle frame; The axle housing of the integral drive axle is equipped with an upper control arm mounting bracket, a lower control arm mounting bracket, and a side mounting bracket. There are two upper control arms, which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the integral drive axle. One end of each upper control arm is hinged to the upper control arm frame support on the frame, and the other end is hinged to the upper control arm mounting bracket on the integral drive axle. There are two lower control arms, which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the integral drive axle. One end of each lower control arm is hinged to the lower control arm frame support on the frame, and the other end is hinged to the lower control arm mounting bracket on the integral drive axle. The lateral stabilizer bar is arranged laterally along the vehicle. One end is hinged to the lateral mounting bracket at the front of the integral drive axle via a bushing, and the other end is hinged to the lateral support on the frame via a connecting rod. There are two helical composite springs, which are arranged on both sides of the integral drive axle. The lower end of each helical composite spring is supported on a spring seat on the integral drive axle, and the upper end is supported on a spring seat on the vehicle frame. The two upper control arms and two lower control arms, together with the integral drive axle and frame, form a spatial four-bar linkage guiding mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the length of the lower control arm is greater than the length of the upper control arm, and the mounting height of the lower control arm on the frame is lower than the mounting height of the upper control arm on the frame.

[0009] Preferably, the upper control arm and the lower control arm are arranged in a front-to-back interval in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle and spread outwards in the transverse plane of the vehicle. The length and installation position of the upper control arm and the lower control arm limit the range of variation of the kingpin inclination angle and kingpin camber angle of the integral drive axle within the suspension working stroke.

[0010] Preferably, the height of the stabilizer bar is located within the height range between the top of the integral drive axle and the bottom of the vehicle frame, and the stabilizer bar, together with the upper control arm and the lower control arm, defines the lateral position of the integral drive axle.

[0011] Preferably, the helical composite spring includes a helical spring and a shock absorber. The shock absorber is arranged along the axis of the helical spring and passes through the interior of the helical spring. The lower end of the helical spring is supported on a spring seat on the integral drive axle by a lower spring tray, and the upper end of the helical spring is supported on a spring seat on the vehicle frame by an upper spring tray.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the shock absorber is connected to the integral drive axle via the lower shock absorber support, and the upper end is connected to the vehicle frame via the upper shock absorber support.

[0013] Preferably, rubber sleeves or ball joints are provided at the connection points between the upper control arm and the lower control arm and the frame and the integral drive axle.

[0014] Preferably, a lateral mounting bracket is provided on the front side of the axle housing of the integral drive axle, and the lateral stabilizer bar is hinged to the integral drive axle through the lateral mounting bracket.

[0015] Preferably, the frame is provided with an upper control arm frame support, a lower control arm frame support, a lateral stabilizer bar frame support, and a helical composite spring seat, with the upper control arm, lower control arm, lateral stabilizer bar, and helical composite spring respectively mounted on their respective supports.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following advantages: An upper control arm and a lower control arm are respectively installed on both sides of the integral drive axle, forming a spatial four-bar linkage guiding mechanism. This mechanism constrains the longitudinal and lateral displacements of the integral axle, as well as unnecessary pitch and yaw rotations, retaining only small-angle rotations around the axle axis and vertical jump degrees of freedom. This makes the motion trajectory of the integral axle clear and controllable, improving vehicle handling stability. The lower control arm is longer than the upper control arm, and combined with a reasonable installation height and arrangement angle, it minimizes the changes in kingpin caster and kingpin inclination angles within the suspension's working stroke. This results in smoother changes in toe-in and track width, improving vehicle straight-line stability and steering wheel return performance. The lateral stabilizer bar is arranged laterally between the integral axle and the frame. Through its articulation with the integral drive axle and frame, it provides additional constraints on the lateral position and roll motion of the integral axle. This reduces braking pitch, acceleration pitch, and rear-end sway during braking and cornering, making vehicle roll characteristics easier to control. The helical composite spring adopts a compact structure with the helical spring and the through-hole shock absorber arranged coaxially. It offers flexible vertical stiffness matching and strong filtering ability for small vibrations, significantly improving ride comfort compared to traditional leaf spring suspensions. The overall structure is still based on an integral drive axle, retaining the advantages of strong load-bearing capacity, simple structure, and good adaptability to various working conditions. On this basis, through the combined action of the four-link guide and the lateral stabilizer bar, the suspension system balances on-road driving quality and driving experience while keeping costs and durability under control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the four-link rear drive integral bridge suspension structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the four-link rear-drive integral bridge suspension structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the four-link rear drive integral bridge suspension structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side view of the four-link rear-drive integral bridge suspension structure of this utility model.

[0022] 1-Integral drive axle, 2-Upper control arm, 3-Lower control arm, 4-Stabilizer bar, 5-Coil composite spring, 6-Frame. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Example

[0025] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a four-link rear-drive solid axle suspension structure includes a solid drive axle 1, two upper control arms 2, two lower control arms 3, a stabilizer bar 4, two helical composite springs 5, and a frame 6. The axle housing of the solid drive axle 1 is equipped with upper control arm mounting brackets, lower control arm mounting brackets, and lateral mounting brackets for corresponding connections with the upper control arms 2, lower control arms 3, and stabilizer bars 4.

[0026] The frame 6 serves as the rear load-bearing structure of the vehicle. Upper control arm frame supports, lower control arm frame supports, stabilizer bar frame supports, and upper spring seats for the helical composite springs are installed on the left and right longitudinal or transverse beams of the frame 6. Two upper control arms 2 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the integral drive axle 1. One end of each upper control arm 2 is hinged to the frame 6, and the other end is hinged to the upper control arm mounting bracket of the integral drive axle 1. Two lower control arms 3 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the integral drive axle 1. One end of each lower control arm 3 is hinged to the frame 6, and the other end is hinged to the lower control arm mounting bracket of the integral drive axle 1. The two upper control arms 2 and the two lower control arms 3, together with the integral drive axle 1 and the frame 6, form a spatial four-bar linkage guiding mechanism, constraining the motion freedom of the integral drive axle 1, ensuring that the integral drive axle 1 maintains a small-angle rotation around the axle axis and vertical oscillation relative to the frame 6 during suspension operation.

[0027] In this embodiment, the length of the lower control arm 3 is greater than the length of the upper control arm 2, and the mounting height of the lower control arm 3 on the frame 6 is lower than the mounting height of the upper control arm 2 on the frame 6. The lengths, mounting point heights, and included angles of the upper control arm 2 and the lower control arm 3 are matched and set so that the kingpin inclination angle and kingpin pitch angle of the integral drive axle 1 remain within a preset range during vertical jump. In the static design position, the kingpin inclination angle can be approximately 11.6°, and the kingpin pitch angle can be approximately 6.3°.

[0028] The lateral stabilizer bar 4 is arranged laterally along the vehicle. One end of it is hinged to the lateral mounting bracket at the front of the integral drive axle 1 via a bushing, and the other end is hinged to the frame 6 via a connecting rod. The height of the lateral stabilizer bar 4 is within the height range between the integral drive axle 1 and the frame 6. It works in conjunction with the upper control arm 2 and the lower control arm 3 to limit the lateral position and roll attitude of the integral drive axle 1.

[0029] Two helical composite springs 5 ​​are respectively arranged on both sides of the integral drive axle 1. The lower end of each helical composite spring 5 is supported on a spring seat on the integral drive axle 1, and the upper end is supported on a spring seat on the frame 6. The helical composite spring 5 includes a helical spring and a shock absorber. The shock absorber is arranged along the axis of the helical spring and passes through the interior of the helical spring, forming a coaxial and compact structure.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the geometric arrangement of the upper control arm 2, lower control arm 3, and lateral stabilizer bar 4 ensures that the instantaneous center of the integral drive axle 1 is located in the area in front of the axle, forming a reasonable spatial relationship with the vehicle's center of gravity. During braking, the braking force is transmitted to the frame 6 through the integral drive axle 1 and the upper and lower control arms 2 and 3, and the torque relationship suppresses the tendency of the rear of the vehicle to lift up. During cornering, the roll center height under the action of lateral force is within a reasonable range, and the vehicle produces a moderate roll.

[0031] In this embodiment, the upper control arm 2, the lower control arm 3, the frame 6, and the integral drive axle 1 can be connected by rubber sleeves or ball joints; the diameter and stiffness of the lateral stabilizer bar 4, the spring stiffness of the helical composite spring 5, and the damping parameters of the shock absorber can be selected according to the axle load of the whole vehicle and the target matching requirements.

[0032] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A four-link rear-drive solid axle suspension structure, characterized in that, Includes an integral drive axle (1), upper control arm (2), lower control arm (3), lateral stabilizer bar (4), helical composite spring (5), and frame (6); The axle housing of the integral drive axle (1) is provided with an upper control arm mounting bracket, a lower control arm mounting bracket and a lateral mounting bracket; There are two upper control arms (2), which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the integral drive axle (1). One end of each upper control arm (2) is hinged to the upper control arm frame support on the frame (6), and the other end is hinged to the upper control arm mounting bracket on the integral drive axle (1). There are two lower control arms (3), which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the integral drive axle (1). One end of each lower control arm (3) is hinged to the lower control arm frame support on the frame (6), and the other end is hinged to the lower control arm mounting bracket on the integral drive axle (1). The lateral stabilizer bar (4) is arranged laterally along the vehicle. One end is hinged to the lateral mounting bracket at the front of the integral drive axle (1) via a bushing, and the other end is hinged to the lateral support on the frame (6) via a connecting rod. There are two helical composite springs (5), which are arranged on both sides of the integral drive axle (1). The lower end of each helical composite spring (5) is supported on the spring seat on the integral drive axle (1), and the upper end is supported on the spring seat on the frame (6). The two upper control arms (2) and the two lower control arms (3) together with the integral drive axle (1) and the frame (6) form a spatial four-bar linkage guide mechanism.

2. The four-link rear-drive solid axle suspension structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the lower control arm (3) is greater than the length of the upper control arm (2), and the installation height of the lower control arm (3) on the frame (6) is lower than the installation height of the upper control arm (2) on the frame (6).

3. The four-link rear-drive solid axle suspension structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper control arm (2) and the lower control arm (3) are arranged in a front-to-back interval in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle and spread outward in the transverse plane of the vehicle. The length and installation position of the upper control arm (2) and the lower control arm (3) limit the range of variation of the kingpin caster angle and kingpin inclination angle of the integral drive axle (1) within the suspension working stroke.

4. The four-link rear-drive integral axle suspension structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the lateral stabilizer bar (4) is within the height range between the top of the integral drive axle (1) and the bottom of the frame (6). The lateral stabilizer bar (4), together with the upper control arm (2) and the lower control arm (3), defines the lateral position of the integral drive axle (1).

5. The four-link rear drive integral axle suspension structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The helical composite spring (5) includes a helical spring and a shock absorber. The shock absorber is arranged along the axis of the helical spring and passes through the interior of the helical spring. The lower end of the helical spring is supported on a spring seat on the integral drive axle (1) by a lower spring tray, and the upper end of the helical spring is supported on a spring seat on the frame (6) by an upper spring tray.

6. The four-link rear drive integral axle suspension structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the shock absorber is connected to the integral drive axle (1) through the lower support of the shock absorber, and the upper end is connected to the frame (6) through the upper support of the shock absorber.

7. The four-link rear drive integral axle suspension structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rubber sleeves or ball joints are provided at the connection points between the upper control arm (2) and the lower control arm (3) and the frame (6) and the integral drive axle (1).

8. The four-link rear drive integral axle suspension structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lateral mounting bracket is provided on the front side of the axle housing of the integral drive axle (1), and the lateral stabilizer bar (4) is hinged to the integral drive axle (1) through the lateral mounting bracket.

9. The four-link rear-drive solid axle suspension structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (6) is provided with an upper control arm frame support, a lower control arm frame support, a lateral stabilizer bar frame support and a helical composite spring seat. The upper control arm (2), the lower control arm (3), the lateral stabilizer bar (4) and the helical composite spring (5) are respectively installed on the corresponding supports.

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