A total station installation frame for coal mine roadway

Abstract

The utility model relates to a total station installation frame for coal mine roadway, including frame body, the lower frame middle part fixed connection of frame body has the lower support frame for depositing total station, its upper frame middle part fixed connection has the upper support frame, the upper support frame top surface middle part fixed connection has universal ball head no.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of TBM construction coal mine roadway measurement technology, and specifically relates to a total station installation frame for coal mine roadways. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for coal resources and the continuous improvement of mining intensity, more shallow coal seams have been mined, and coal mining is developing towards deeper strata. As the mining depth increases, the mechanical properties of the deep surrounding rock differ significantly from those of the shallow surrounding rock, leading to more engineering accidents and disasters. Modern coal mines have large-scale tunneling and rapid excavation speeds, thus requiring a new construction method that can be better applied to the rapid tunneling of coal mine roadways.

[0003] TBMs (Tower Boring Machines) are currently the most advanced tunnel excavation equipment, offering advantages such as high efficiency, safety, speed, and environmental friendliness, making them particularly suitable for coal mine roadway excavation. During TBM roadway construction, a total station serves as a guidance and monitoring system. Due to the relatively small excavation dimensions in coal mine roadways, the total station is typically suspended from the roadway roof. As the tunnel boring machine (TBM) advances, the confined excavation space, dust interference, and the TBM's equipment can affect the total station's line of sight, necessitating frequent repositioning of the total station (station switching). Furthermore, in some areas with high geothermal gradients, the internal temperature of the roadway can be high at greater depths; therefore, it is crucial to minimize the workload of personnel switching stations.

[0004] Existing total station suspension frames typically use expansion bolts and lifting lugs to connect to the roof of coal mine roadways. During installation, they cannot be better suited to the circular cross-sectional shape of coal mine roadways and different positions of the roof. At the same time, they cannot be better connected to the exposed bolts of anchor bolts that form different angles with the boundary of the coal mine roadway cross-section. As a result, the entire installation and leveling process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the labor intensity of the station-changing personnel is high. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome at least one of the aforementioned problems in the existing technology and to provide a total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways. The specific technical solution is as follows: This utility model provides a total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways, including a rectangular frame structure. The frame is detachably suspended from the roof of the roadway. A lower support frame for mounting the total station is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower frame, and an upper support frame is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper frame. A universal ball joint is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the upper support frame. A nut post is movably sleeved on the universal ball joint, and the nut post can be screwed to the exposed bolt of the anchor rod fixed to the roof of the roadway. The upper frame of the frame has vertically symmetrical lifting screws inserted through the two long sides. The four lifting screws are connected by a gear assembly that is correspondingly set on the frame. The top of the lifting screw is axially fixedly connected to a universal ball joint, and an anti-slip seat is movably sleeved on the universal ball joint. Horizontal bubble one and horizontal bubble two are respectively installed horizontally in the middle of the two adjacent sides of the lower frame.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, both the upper support and the lower support are "H" shaped structures.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower support frame has a vertically connected fixing screw at the center of its top surface for screwing and fixing to the base of the total station.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the gear assembly includes an adjusting handle that rotates laterally through the outer side of the top of the corresponding column of the frame. The inner end of the adjusting handle is axially fixedly connected to a bevel gear one, which meshes with a bevel gear two that is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the corresponding long side of the upper frame of the frame. The bevel gear two is driven and screwed to a corresponding lifting screw.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the lifting screw is connected to the top surface of the corresponding long side of the upper frame of the frame by a clamping screw that is axially screwed on it.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the exposed bolt of the anchor rod is connected to the top surface of the nut column by a clamping screw 2 screwed axially on it.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the first horizontal bubble and the second horizontal bubble are respectively horizontally installed on the middle of the outer side of the two adjacent sides of the lower frame of the frame by means of a matching mounting bracket.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the top surface of the anti-slip seat is provided with a toothed anti-slip groove with parallel concave and convex surfaces.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the bottom end of the lifting screw is axially connected to a limiting block.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. In the total station mounting frame of this utility model, the universal ball joint at the top of the upper support frame allows the nut column to rotate flexibly at multiple angles. The nut column can automatically adapt to different angles of the exposed bolts of the anchor rods on the roadway roof, eliminating the need for manual and laborious adjustment of the entire frame angle. The operator only needs to easily screw the nut column onto the anchor bolts to complete the connection of the main suspension points, which greatly simplifies the initial fixing steps and saves time and energy.

[0015] 2. In this utility model, the four lifting screws in the total station mounting frame are independently raised and lowered via corresponding gear assemblies; the universal ball joint at the top of the lifting screws is connected to the anti-slip abutment; operating the gear assembly allows for quick and sequential adjustment of the extension length of the four lifting screws, using the reaction force of the lifting screws to level the frame; combined with the indications of level bubble one and level bubble two, the entire frame can be efficiently and effortlessly leveled, significantly reducing operating steps and physical exertion. The universal ball joint allows the anti-slip abutment to adapt to different contact angles at different points on the tunnel roof; even if the tunnel roof has different circular cross-sectional shapes at different locations, the anti-slip abutment can still fit well against the tunnel roof, providing a stable auxiliary support point and enhancing the overall stability and adaptability of the frame.

[0016] 3. The rigid rectangular frame of the total station mounting frame of this utility model provides basic support, the lower support is used to fix the total station, and the upper support is used to fix the main suspension point; thus, it provides a stable and reliable mounting platform for the total station and ensures measurement accuracy.

[0017] 4. In the total station mounting frame of this utility model, horizontal bubble one and horizontal bubble two are installed at the middle of adjacent sides of the lower frame, forming a cross shape. This facilitates observation by personnel changing stations and provides clear and intuitive leveling status indications in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. When leveling using the lifting screw, the operator can simultaneously observe the bubbles in both directions, ensuring rapid leveling of the frame in two dimensions, avoiding repeated adjustments, and improving leveling efficiency and accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 The main structural view of this utility model is shown; Figure 3 This invention illustrates the structural diagram of the connection between the nut column and the exposed bolt of the anchor rod in this utility model. Figure 4 This invention shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the lifting screw and the anti-slip seat in this utility model; Figure 5 This diagram shows a demonstration of the operation of this utility model installed on the roof of a tunnel (I). Figure 6 The diagram shows a demonstration of the present invention installed on the roof of a tunnel (II).

[0019] The diagram shows: 1. Frame; 11. Upper support frame; 12. Lower support frame; 13. Fixing screw; 14. Mounting bracket; 2. Nut column; 21. Universal ball joint one; 3. Lifting screw; 31. Anti-slip seat; 311. Universal ball joint two; 312. Anti-slip groove; 32. Tightening screw one; 33. Limit block; 4. Gear assembly; 41. Bevel gear one; 42. Adjusting handle; 43. Bevel gear two; 5. Anchor bolt exposed bolt; 51. Tightening screw two; 6. Horizontal bubble one; 7. Horizontal bubble two; 8. Tunnel roof. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0021] Example To address at least one technical problem in the background art, the following total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways is provided: Combination Figures 1-6 As shown, a total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways includes a rectangular frame structure 1, which is detachably suspended from the roadway roof 8. A lower support frame 12 for mounting the total station is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower frame of the frame 1, and an upper support frame 11 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper frame. A universal ball joint 21 is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the upper support frame 11, and a nut column 2 is movably sleeved on the universal ball joint 21. The nut column 2 can be screwed to the exposed bolt 5 of the anchor rod fixed to the roadway roof 8. The two long sides of the upper frame of the frame 1 are vertically and symmetrically spaced with lifting screws 3. The four lifting screws 3 are connected by a gear assembly 4 that is correspondingly set on the frame 1 for lifting transmission. The top of the lifting screw 3 is axially fixedly connected to a universal ball joint 311, and an anti-slip seat 31 is movably sleeved on the universal ball joint 311. Horizontal bubble 1 6 and horizontal bubble 2 7 are respectively installed horizontally on the middle part of the two adjacent sides of the lower frame 1.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the universal ball joint 21 at the top of the upper support frame 11 in the total station installation frame allows the nut column 2 to rotate flexibly at multiple angles. The nut column 2 can automatically adapt to different angles of the exposed bolts 5 of the anchor bolts on the tunnel roof 8, without the need for manual labor to adjust the angle of the entire frame 1. The operator only needs to easily screw the nut column 2 onto the anchor bolts 5 to complete the connection of the main suspension points, which greatly simplifies the initial fixing steps and saves time and energy.

[0023] In this total station mounting frame, four lifting screws 3 are independently raised and lowered via corresponding gear assemblies 4. The top universal ball joint 311 of each lifting screw 3 connects to an anti-slip support 31. Operating the gear assembly 4 allows for quick and sequential adjustment of the extension length of the four lifting screws 3, using the reaction force of the lifting screws 3 to level the frame 1. Combined with the indications of the first and second leveling bubbles 6 and 7, the entire frame 1 can be efficiently and effortlessly leveled, significantly reducing operational steps and physical exertion. The universal ball joint 311 allows the anti-slip support 31 to adapt to different contact angles at different points on the tunnel roof 8. Even if the tunnel roof 8 has different circular cross-sectional shapes at different locations, the anti-slip support 31 can still fit well against the tunnel roof 8, providing a stable auxiliary support point and enhancing the overall stability and adaptability of the frame 1.

[0024] The rigid rectangular frame 1 of the total station mounting frame provides basic support, the lower support 12 is used to fix the total station, and the upper support 11 is fixedly connected to the main suspension point; thus, it provides a stable and reliable installation platform for the total station and ensures measurement accuracy.

[0025] In this total station mounting frame, horizontal bubble 6 and horizontal bubble 7 are installed at the midpoint of adjacent sides of the lower frame 1, forming a cross shape. This facilitates observation by personnel changing stations and provides clear and intuitive leveling status indications in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. When leveling using the lifting screw 3, the operator can simultaneously observe the bubbles in both directions, ensuring rapid leveling of frame 1 in both dimensions, avoiding repeated adjustments, and improving leveling efficiency and accuracy.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, both the upper support 11 and the lower support 12 are "H" shaped structures.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, this "H"-shaped structure is composed of a central web and left and right crossbars. Under the premise of ensuring the required strength and rigidity, the "H"-shaped structure can effectively reduce its own weight while meeting the mechanical performance requirements, which facilitates the reduction of the physical burden on operators when moving between stations.

[0028] When the total station is placed on the lower support 12, the weight of the instrument will cause the lower support 12 to tend to bend downwards. The upper support 11 bears the tensile force from the nut column 2 and the anchor bolt 5. The web of the "H"-shaped structure provides the main bending stiffness, which can effectively resist this bending deformation, prevent the support frame from excessively deflecting and sinking or arching, and ensure the stability of the total station mounting base.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a fixing screw 13 for screwing and fixing to the base of the total station is vertically connected to the middle of the top surface of the lower support frame 12.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed screw 13 can facilitate the disassembly and fixing of the total station.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the exposed bolt 5 of the anchor rod is connected to the top surface of the nut column 2 by a clamping screw 51 axially screwed on it, which is pressed in the opposite direction.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping screw 2 51 can prevent the nut column 2 from loosening after it is tightened and connected to the exposed bolt 5 of the anchor rod.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal bubble 6 and the horizontal bubble 7 are respectively horizontally mounted on the middle of the outer side of the two adjacent sides of the lower frame of the frame 1 by means of the mounting bracket 14 that is adapted to them.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontal bubble 6 and the horizontal bubble 7 are extended outward, which makes it convenient to observe whether the frame 1 is in a horizontal state during use.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the top surface of the anti-slip seat 31 is provided with a toothed anti-slip groove 312 with parallel concave and convex surfaces.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface of the anti-slip seat 31 has parallel toothed anti-slip grooves 312, which can effectively ensure that the anti-slip seat 31 and the roadway roof 8 do not move.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the bottom end of the lifting screw 3 is axially connected to a limiting block 33.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit block 33 can prevent the lifting screw 3 from accidentally detaching from the frame 1.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the gear assembly 4 includes an adjusting handle 42 that rotates laterally through the outer side of the top of the corresponding column of the frame 1. A bevel gear 41 is axially fixedly connected to the inner end of the adjusting handle 42. The bevel gear 41 meshes with a bevel gear 43 that is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the corresponding long side of the upper frame of the frame 1. The bevel gear 43 is driven by a lifting screw 3 that is inserted therein.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjusting handle 42 is horizontally rotatable and connected to the outer side of the top of the column of the frame 1, allowing the operator to adjust the handle 42 horizontally from the side. Through the 90-degree meshing transmission of bevel gear 1 41 and bevel gear 2 43, the horizontal rotational motion is converted into the vertical rotational motion of bevel gear 2 43. The operator no longer needs to laboriously tilt their head back and raise their hands to directly turn the vertical lifting screw 3 from a high position, as in the traditional method. Now, the screw can be driven to rise and fall easily by horizontally rotating the adjusting handle 42 from a convenient and natural height and posture; adjusting the handle 42 reduces the labor intensity of personnel at the changing station.

[0041] Each lifting screw 3 is equipped with an independent gear assembly 4, meaning each adjustment point has its own dedicated, easily accessible adjusting handle 42. The operator does not need to change tools or positions; simply operating the corresponding four corner adjusting handles 42 sequentially, and observing the states of the leveling bubbles 6 and 7, allows for the leveling of the entire frame 1. The lifting height of each point can be controlled independently without affecting each other.

[0042] Bevel gear 1 (41) meshes with bevel gear 2 (43), which is then screwed onto the lifting screw 3. The bevel gear meshing ensures smooth transmission, reliably transferring rotational motion to the lifting screw 3, enabling smooth and unobstructed lifting movements and preventing wobbling or sudden drops. To prevent the lifting screw 3 from rotating in tandem, it can be manually held while the bevel gear pair is rotating, allowing for better lifting and lowering displacement.

[0043] The bevel gear pair and the thread of the lifting screw have a certain frictional resistance. After the adjustment handle 42 is stopped, the position of the lifting screw 3 can be well maintained and locked, preventing unexpected changes in the support height due to vibration or slight external force, and ensuring the stability of the frame 1 after leveling.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the lifting screw 3 is connected to the top surface of the corresponding long side of the upper frame of the frame 1 by a clamping screw 32 axially screwed on it.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping screw 32 can prevent the lifting screw 3 from loosening, and make the anti-slip seat 31 firmly press against the roadway roof 8.

[0046] Working principle and usage process of this utility model: In use, firstly, remove the anchor bolts to expose the anchor bolts, and screw the second clamping screw 51 onto the exposed anchor bolt 5. Then, tighten the nut column 2 onto the exposed anchor bolt 5. Next, reverse the clamping screw 51 to firmly press the nut column 2, ensuring that the nut column 2 will not loosen during use. Adjust the frame 1 to a position where it is visible from both the front and back. Then, turn the corresponding adjusting handle 42 to raise the four lifting screws 3 respectively. Adjust each anti-slip seat 31. Position the frame against the tunnel roof 8, parallel to it. Observe the positions of the horizontal bubbles 6 and 7. When a bubble deviates to one side, turn the lifting adjustment handle 42 to lower the lifting screw 3 on that side and raise the lifting screw 2 on the other side. Repeatedly observe the positions of the two horizontal bubbles until the bubbles are in the middle and all four lifting screws 3 are firmly against the tunnel roof 8 through the anti-slip seat 31, keeping the frame 1 stable and level. Finally, tighten all the clamping screws 32 to prevent the lifting screws 3 from loosening. When disassembling the frame 1, loosen the clamping screws 32, turn the lifting adjustment handle 42 to lower the lifting screws 3, and then unscrew the nut column 2 and the clamping screws 31.

[0047] This invention connects the nut column 2 to the exposed anchor bolt 5. The four lifting screws 3 simplify and facilitate leveling of the frame 1. Simultaneously, the anti-slip grooves 312 on the surface of the four anti-slip seats 3 increase friction with the tunnel roof 8, making the frame 1 more stably suspended on the tunnel roof 8. Compared to existing total station suspension frames that have strict requirements on the angle of the exposed anchor bolt 5 and are inconvenient to install, this invention is suitable for exposed anchor bolts 5 at various angles, and is applicable to various excavation sections and various roof fracture conditions. Furthermore, since only the nut column 2 needs to be connected to the exposed anchor bolt 5, the remaining fixing and leveling operations only require operation of the lifting screws 3, greatly reducing the labor intensity of station-changing personnel, improving station-changing operability, saving time, and increasing work efficiency, thereby improving the work efficiency of TBM construction. Two horizontal bubble levels are installed on the two adjacent sides of the lower frame of the frame 1. When the frame 1 is in operation, the operator can more easily observe the horizontal state of the frame 1, ensuring accuracy and precision during the measurement process.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways, comprising a rectangular frame structure (1) detachably suspended from the roadway roof (8), characterized in that: The frame (1) has a lower support frame (12) for placing a total station fixedly connected to the middle of the lower frame, and an upper support frame (11) fixedly connected to the middle of the upper frame. A universal ball head (21) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the upper support frame (11). A nut column (2) is movably sleeved on the universal ball head (21). The nut column (2) can be screwed to the exposed bolt (5) of the anchor rod fixed on the roof plate (8) of the roadway. The upper frame (1) has vertically symmetrical lifting screws (3) inserted through the two long sides of the frame. The four lifting screws (3) are connected by a gear assembly (4) that is correspondingly set on the frame (1) for lifting transmission. The top of the lifting screw (3) is axially fixedly connected to a universal ball joint (311), and an anti-slip seat (31) is movably sleeved on the universal ball joint (311). The frame (1) has two horizontally installed bubble 1 (6) and bubble 2 (7) on the middle of the two adjacent sides of the lower frame.

2. The total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper support frame (11) and the lower support frame (12) are "H" shaped structures.

3. A total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower support frame (12) has a vertically connected fixing screw (13) at the center of its top surface for screwing and fixing to the base of the total station.

4. A total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear assembly (4) includes an adjusting handle (42) that rotates laterally through the outer side of the top of the corresponding column of the frame (1). The inner end of the adjusting handle (42) is axially fixedly connected to a bevel gear (41). The bevel gear (41) meshes with a bevel gear (43) that is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the corresponding long side of the upper frame of the frame (1). The bevel gear (43) is driven by a lifting screw (3) that is inserted therein.

5. A total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting screw (3) is connected to the top surface of the corresponding long side of the upper frame of the frame (1) by a clamping screw (32) screwed axially on it.

6. A total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exposed bolt (5) of the anchor rod is connected to the top surface of the nut column (2) by a clamping screw (51) axially screwed on it and clamped in the opposite direction.

7. A total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal bubble one (6) and the horizontal bubble two (7) are respectively installed horizontally on the middle of the outer side of the two adjacent sides of the lower frame of the frame (1) by means of the matching mounting bracket (14).

8. A total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the anti-slip seat (31) is provided with a toothed anti-slip groove (312) with parallel concave and convex surfaces.

9. A total station mounting frame for coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the lifting screw (3) is axially connected to a limit block (33).

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