Marine battery photoelectric sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a marine storage battery photoelectric sensor, including upper casing and lower casing, the inside of upper casing is equipped with main control unit, and the outer surface is equipped with two CAN interfaces and power interface, lower casing is equipped with liquid level measuring unit, temperature sensor and laser density detection module, two CAN interfaces, power interface, liquid level measuring unit, temperature sensor and laser density detection module all are with main control unit electricity is connected, the lower casing is equipped with optical window, and liquid level measuring unit is located in optical window inside, the utility model can centrally synchronous acquisition voltage, temperature, electrolyte density and liquid level height four key parameters, through integrated CAN interface, support will all marine storage battery sensor carry out chain topology networking, carries out all -domain intelligent state monitoring, health evaluation and preventive maintenance to marine storage battery group.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of marine battery technology, and more specifically, to a marine battery photoelectric sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, lead-acid batteries remain the dominant technology in the marine battery field, with flooded lead-acid batteries dominating the low-to-mid-range marine market due to their low cost. Existing marine battery management systems (BMS) generally only monitor voltage and temperature, leaving electrolyte density and level—crucial for the state of health (SOH) of lead-acid batteries—to be manually monitored. Crew members must periodically open the batteries to use a density meter and level gauge, a process that is not only cumbersome (each measurement takes over 15 minutes) but also carries the risk of acid splashing in rough seas. More seriously, manual monitoring is typically only done monthly, failing to detect transient faults such as electrolyte stratification (uneven density) or exposed plates in a timely manner.

[0003] Traditional voltage-based estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of lead-acid batteries has an error rate as high as 20%, due to multiple interferences from temperature, aging, and charge / discharge current. While electrolyte density, the gold standard for reflecting SOC / SOH (with an accuracy of up to 95%), cannot be effectively utilized due to the lack of real-time sensors. Existing liquid level detection technologies (such as float-based systems) have a false alarm rate exceeding 40% when the ship is tilting, and foam and electrolyte viscosity can cause optical sensors to malfunction.

[0004] The fragmented, single-function sensors on the market (such as standalone voltmeters and level alarms) force crew members to switch between multiple interfaces, making data analysis impossible. For example, overcharging may simultaneously cause temperature rises, level drops, and density anomalies, but discrete devices struggle to capture such correlated risks. Furthermore, salt spray corrosion results in the average lifespan of non-marine grade sensors being less than 2 years, far below the 5-8 year design life of the battery itself.

[0005] These shortcomings collectively lead to high maintenance costs for marine batteries; therefore, it is necessary to provide a marine battery photoelectric sensor to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine battery photoelectric sensor that overcomes the aforementioned defects in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this utility model is: a marine battery photoelectric sensor, including an upper housing and a lower housing; the upper housing has a main control unit inside and two CAN interfaces and a power interface on its outer surface; the lower housing has a liquid level measuring unit, a temperature sensor and a laser density detection module; the two CAN interfaces, the power interface, the liquid level measuring unit, the temperature sensor and the laser density detection module are all electrically connected to the main control unit; the lower housing has an optical window, and the liquid level measuring unit is located inside the optical window.

[0008] Furthermore, the main control unit includes a main control chip and a FLASH memory, and the two CAN interfaces and the FLASH memory are all electrically connected to the main control chip.

[0009] Furthermore, the main control chip is an STM32F105 chip, which integrates an ADC module for battery voltage detection.

[0010] Furthermore, the laser density detection module includes a CMOS image processing unit, a CMOS sensor, and a laser. The laser is disposed at the bottom of the lower housing, and the CMOS image processing unit and the CMOS sensor are disposed within the upper housing. The CMOS image processing unit, the CMOS sensor, and the laser are all electrically connected to the main control chip, and the CMOS image processing unit and the CMOS sensor are electrically connected. The CMOS sensor is used to receive the laser light reflected by the electrolyte, and the CMOS image processing unit calculates the electrolyte density.

[0011] Furthermore, the CMOS image processing unit includes a first control chip and an SDRAM memory; the first control chip is electrically connected to the SDRAM memory; the first control chip is electrically connected to the CMOS sensor and the main control chip respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the first control chip is a GW1NR-9K chip, and the first control chip is connected to the main control chip through an SPI interface; the CMOS image processing unit is connected to the main control chip through an I2C interface.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is a DS18B20 model and is located at the bottom of the lower housing.

[0014] Furthermore, the liquid level measurement unit includes a second control chip, a linear image sensor, and an LED light source; the linear image sensor and the LED light source are both electrically connected to the second control chip, and the second control chip is electrically connected to the main control chip.

[0015] Furthermore, the second control chip is an STM32F105 chip, and the second control chip is connected to the main control chip via a serial port. The linear image sensor is a TCD1304DG linear image sensor.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper and lower housings are integrally molded from ABS plastic.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) This utility model can centrally and synchronously acquire four key parameters: voltage, temperature, electrolyte density and liquid level. Through the integrated CAN interface, it supports the chain topology networking of all marine battery sensors to perform full-domain intelligent status monitoring, health assessment and preventive maintenance of marine battery packs.

[0019] (2) This utility model uses the 12-bit ADC module of the STM32F105 chip of the main control unit for voltage detection, eliminating the need for an external voltage detection module, reducing circuit board space and fault points, and improving reliability.

[0020] (3) This utility model emits a laser beam through the lens of the laser, and the reflected light path is acquired by a CMOS sensor. Through normalization calculation by the CMOS image processing unit, the boundary line position can be dynamically tracked in a swaying ship environment using a boundary line position dynamic tracking algorithm.

[0021] (4) The laser density detection module of this utility model can reduce the influence of liquid turbidity or bubbles in the electrolyte on the detection accuracy and improve the detection effect.

[0022] (5) The temperature sensor of the DS18B20 of this utility model can maintain a stable reading in the environment of large temperature difference and high humidity in the ship cabin, thus avoiding false triggering of temperature control protection.

[0023] (6) The liquid level measuring unit of this utility model detects the reflected light of the liquid surface through an optical window without contact. The sensor is physically isolated from the electrolyte, which improves the service life of the sensor. Furthermore, the crystallization and impurity deposition of the electrolyte do not affect the optical path, and the maintenance cycle is greatly extended.

[0024] (7) The linear image sensor of this invention captures the light intensity distribution of the entire liquid surface, reduces the impact of ship swaying on the detection results, and improves the detection accuracy when the ship is swaying.

[0025] (8) The ABS plastic of this utility model has a relatively low and stable shrinkage rate within the normal operating temperature range. The inside of the shell can accurately accommodate the photoelectric sensor element, ensuring its accurate positioning and reliable operation. The interface size with the battery cover or other components is stable, which is conducive to achieving reliable sealing and preventing battery liquid or external moisture from entering. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein...

[0027] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is the right view of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is the hardware architecture of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the usage state of this utility model.

[0032] 1. Upper housing; 2. Lower housing; 2-1. Optical window; 3. Main control unit; 3-1. Main control chip; 3-2. FLASH memory; 4. CAN interface; 5. Power interface; 6. Liquid level measurement unit; 6-1. Second control chip; 6-2. Linear image sensor; 6-3. LED light source; 7. Temperature sensor; 8. CMOS image processing unit; 8-1. First control chip; 8-2. SDRAM memory; 9. CMOS sensor; 10. Laser. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0039] (Example 1)

[0040] Currently, marine batteries are mainly lead-acid batteries, which require real-time monitoring of battery status. However, existing battery photoelectric sensors have a high false alarm rate when facing ship tilting. Therefore, a marine battery photoelectric sensor is proposed.

[0041] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A marine battery photoelectric sensor includes an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2. The upper housing 1 houses a main control unit 3 internally and two CAN interfaces 4 and a power interface 5 on its outer surface. The lower housing 2 houses a liquid level measurement unit 6, a temperature sensor 7, and a laser density detection module. The two CAN interfaces 4, the power interface 5, the liquid level measurement unit 6, the temperature sensor 7, and the laser density detection module are all electrically connected to the main control unit 3. The lower housing 2 has an optical window 2-1. The photoelectric sensor can be directly charged using a battery through the power interface 5. The two CAN interfaces 4 enable a chain-like topology network of all marine battery sensors, allowing for comprehensive intelligent status monitoring, health assessment, and preventative maintenance of the marine battery pack.

[0042] Further details can be found here. Figure 4 The main control unit 3 includes a main control chip 3-1 and a FLASH memory 3-2. Both the two CAN interfaces 4 and the FLASH memory 3-2 are electrically connected to the main control chip 3-1. The main control chip 3-1 is an STM32F105 chip, which integrates an ADC module for battery voltage detection. This eliminates the need for an external voltage detection module, reducing circuit board space and potential failure points, and improving reliability.

[0043] Further details can be found here. Figure 4 The liquid level measuring unit 6 is located inside the optical window 2-1. The liquid level measuring unit 6 includes a second control chip 6-1, a linear image sensor 6-2, and an LED light source 6-3. The linear image sensor 6-2 and the LED light source 6-3 are both electrically connected to the second control chip 6-1, which in turn is electrically connected to the main control chip 3-1. The first control chip 8-1 is a GW1NR-9K chip, and it is connected to the main control chip 3-1 via an SPI interface. The CMOS image processing unit 8 is connected to the main control chip 3-1 via an I2C interface.

[0044] The second control chip 6-1 is an STM32F105 chip. The second control chip 6-1 is connected to the main control chip 3-1 through a serial port. The linear image sensor 6-2 is a TCD1304DG linear image sensor.

[0045] The liquid level measurement unit 6 detects reflected light from the liquid surface non-contactly through the optical window 2-1. The sensor is physically isolated from the electrolyte, completely avoiding electrode corrosion and extending the sensor's lifespan. Electrolyte crystallization and impurity deposition do not affect the optical path, significantly extending the maintenance cycle. The linear image sensor captures the entire distribution of reflected light intensity across the liquid surface, providing non-single-point detection. This ensures high detection accuracy even when the liquid surface tilts due to ship movement.

[0046] Furthermore, the temperature sensor 7 is a DS18B20 model temperature sensor and is located at the bottom of the lower housing 2. The DS18B20 temperature sensor can maintain a stable reading even in environments with large temperature differences and high humidity inside the ship's cabin, avoiding false triggering of the temperature control protection.

[0047] Furthermore, the laser density detection module includes a CMOS image processing unit 8, a CMOS sensor 9, and a laser 10. The laser 10 is located at the bottom of the lower housing 2, and the CMOS image processing unit 8 and the CMOS sensor 9 are located in the upper housing 1. The CMOS image processing unit 8, the CMOS sensor 9, and the laser 10 are all electrically connected to the main control chip 3-1, and the CMOS image processing unit 8 and the CMOS sensor 9 are electrically connected.

[0048] The CMOS image processing unit 8 includes a first control chip 8-1 and an SDRAM memory 8-2; the first control chip 8-1 is electrically connected to the SDRAM memory 8-2; the first control chip 8-1 is electrically connected to the CMOS sensor 9 and the main control chip 3-1 respectively; the first control chip 8-1 is a GW1NR-9K chip, and the first control chip 8-1 is connected to the main control chip 3-1 through an SPI interface; the CMOS image processing unit 8 is connected to the main control chip 3-1 through an I2C interface.

[0049] Laser 10 emits a laser beam through a lens, and CMOS sensor 9 receives the laser beam reflected by the electrolyte. CMOS image processing unit 8 calculates the electrolyte density. Through normalization calculation by the CMOS image processing unit, a dynamic tracking algorithm for the boundary line position can be used in a swaying ship environment.

[0050] Furthermore, the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 are integrally molded from ABS plastic. ABS plastic has a relatively low and stable shrinkage rate within the normal operating temperature range, and the interior of the housing can precisely accommodate the photoelectric sensor element, ensuring its accurate positioning and reliable operation; the interface dimensions with the battery cover or other components are stable, which is conducive to achieving reliable sealing and preventing the intrusion of battery fluid or external moisture.

[0051] This embodiment can centrally and synchronously acquire four key parameters: voltage, temperature, electrolyte density, and liquid level. Through the integrated CAN interface, it supports the chain-like topology networking of all marine battery sensors, enabling intelligent status monitoring, health assessment, and preventive maintenance of marine battery packs.

[0052] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A marine battery photoelectric sensor, characterized in that: It includes an upper housing (1) and a lower housing (2); the upper housing (1) is equipped with a main control unit (3) inside and two CAN interfaces (4) and a power interface (5) on its outer surface; the lower housing (2) is equipped with a liquid level measuring unit (6), a temperature sensor (7) and a laser density detection module; the two CAN interfaces (4), the power interface (5), the liquid level measuring unit (6), the temperature sensor (7) and the laser density detection module are all electrically connected to the main control unit (3); the lower housing (2) is equipped with an optical window (2-1), and the liquid level measuring unit (6) is located inside the optical window (2-1).

2. The marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control unit (3) includes a main control chip (3-1) and a FLASH memory (3-2). The two CAN interfaces (4) and the FLASH memory (3-2) are both electrically connected to the main control chip (3-1).

3. A marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main control chip (3-1) is an STM32F105 chip, which integrates an ADC module for battery voltage detection.

4. A marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser density detection module includes a CMOS image processing unit (8), a CMOS sensor (9), and a laser (10). The laser (10) is located at the bottom of the lower housing (2), and the CMOS image processing unit (8) and the CMOS sensor (9) are located in the upper housing (1). The CMOS image processing unit (8), the CMOS sensor (9), and the laser (10) are all electrically connected to the main control chip (3-1). The CMOS image processing unit (8) and the CMOS sensor (9) are electrically connected. The CMOS sensor (9) is used to receive the laser reflected by the electrolyte, and the CMOS image processing unit (8) calculates the electrolyte density.

5. A marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The CMOS image processing unit (8) includes a first control chip (8-1) and an SDRAM memory (8-2); the first control chip (8-1) is electrically connected to the SDRAM memory (8-2); the first control chip (8-1) is electrically connected to the CMOS sensor (9) and the main control chip (3-1) respectively.

6. A marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first control chip (8-1) is a GW1NR-9K chip, and the first control chip (8-1) is connected to the main control chip (3-1) through the SPI interface; the CMOS image processing unit (8) is connected to the main control chip (3-1) through the I2C interface.

7. A marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (7) is a DS18B20 temperature sensor and is located at the bottom of the lower housing (2).

8. A marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid level measuring unit (6) includes a second control chip (6-1), a linear image sensor (6-2), and an LED light source (6-3); the linear image sensor (6-2) and the LED light source (6-3) are both electrically connected to the second control chip (6-1), and the second control chip (6-1) is electrically connected to the main control chip (3-1).

9. A marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second control chip (6-1) is an STM32F105 chip. The second control chip (6-1) is connected to the main control chip (3-1) via a serial port. The linear image sensor (6-2) is a TCD1304DG linear image sensor.

10. A marine battery photoelectric sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper shell (1) and lower shell (2) are integrally molded from ABS plastic.

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