A phased array antenna radome

Abstract

The utility model belongs to antenna shielded enclosure technical field especially is a kind of phased array antenna shielded enclosure, including the box hollow shell with the opening of bottom surface, the wave-absorbing layer that is adhered to the inner chamber upper portion of shell and the heat dissipation opening being set in shell, still include controller, the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of shell inside and the shutter assembly for controlling the opening degree of heat dissipation opening installed on shell, the operation of shutter assembly is controlled according to this temperature signal by controller, to adjust the opening degree of heat dissipation opening, the temperature inside electromagnetic shielding cavity is monitored by temperature sensor, and the opening degree of shutter assembly is adjusted by controller, solve the problem that traditional shielded enclosure heat dissipation efficiency is low, temperature fluctuation is big;When detecting bad weather, controller forces to close shutter assembly, prevent rainwater / snow from invading shielded enclosure inside, avoid circuit short circuit or corrosion risk, combine humidity sensor, automatically reduce heat dissipation opening degree in high humidity environment, prevent moisture from entering cavity and cause electronic component to be damped failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of antenna shielding technology, specifically relating to a phased array antenna shielding cover. Background Technology

[0002] Phased array antennas generate high-intensity radio frequency (RF) signals during operation and are also susceptible to external electromagnetic interference (such as from radar, communication base stations, and industrial equipment). If this interference enters the antenna, it will degrade the signal quality received / transmitted, affecting communication or radar detection accuracy. In military or aerospace fields, this can lead to serious consequences (such as target loss or command errors). Therefore, installing a shield on the outside of the phased array antenna can absorb and reflect electromagnetic waves through an absorbing layer, blocking external interference from entering the cavity, preventing signal leakage inside the antenna, avoiding interference with surrounding equipment, protecting internal components, improving system reliability, and also preventing dust, moisture, and foreign objects from entering, reducing the risk of component wear or short circuits. Therefore, heat dissipation vents can be opened on the shield to provide air convection channels to expel heat from the cavity to the external environment. However, traditional shields have the following drawbacks: 1. Some shielding covers ventilate through pre-set fixed openings, but cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the ambient temperature, resulting in insufficient heat dissipation at high temperatures and excessive ventilation at low temperatures. In addition, traditional heat dissipation openings can easily lead to electromagnetic leakage inside the antenna while ensuring heat dissipation.

[0003] 2. Lack of multi-sensor collaborative control: To address the problems associated with fixed-opening heat dissipation vents, existing technologies have added temperature sensors to monitor the temperature inside the shielding cover in real time. The opening of the heat dissipation vent is adjusted based on the internal temperature of the shielding cover. However, adjustment by a single temperature sensor cannot cope with complex environmental conditions such as rain, snow, and high humidity. For example, existing solutions cannot close the heat dissipation vent in time during heavy rain or snow, which can easily lead to rain and snow intrusion and damage to the internal circuitry. In high humidity environments, controlling the heat dissipation vent solely through temperature signals can easily cause moisture condensation, leading to the failure of electronic components. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a phased array antenna shielding cover to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This utility model provides a phased array antenna shield, including a box-shaped hollow shell with an opening on the bottom surface, an absorbing layer bonded to the upper part of the shell cavity for absorbing electromagnetic interference signals and suppressing electromagnetic leakage, and a heat dissipation vent on the shell. The key feature is that it further includes a controller, a temperature sensor for detecting the internal temperature of the closed electromagnetic shielding cavity formed by the shell and the antenna array, and a gate assembly mounted on the shell. The gate assembly is used to adjust the opening of the heat dissipation vent while suppressing electromagnetic leakage. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller and provides a signal of the internal temperature of the electromagnetic shielding cavity to the controller. The controller controls the operation of the gate assembly based on the temperature signal, dynamically adjusting the opening of the heat dissipation vent while suppressing electromagnetic leakage.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a rain and snow sensor installed on the outside of the housing, the rain and snow sensor being electrically connected to the controller for providing the controller with a signal of real-time weather information, and the controller controlling the operation of the gate assembly based on the real-time weather information detected by the rain and snow sensor.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a humidity sensor, which is mounted on the housing and electrically connected to the controller for detecting the humidity inside the electromagnetic shielding cavity; wherein the controller controls the operation of the gate assembly based on the humidity signal detected by the humidity sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the gate assembly includes a gate, and multiple sets of the gates are arranged sequentially along the length of the heat dissipation vent, with the beginning and end of two adjacent gates overlapping in a direction perpendicular to the length of the heat dissipation vent; and an adjusting component, including a support frame hinged to the gate and a power component for driving the gate to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, the heat dissipation vent includes a first heat dissipation vent, which is located in the lower middle part of the side wall of the housing; and a second heat dissipation vent, which is disposed opposite to the first heat dissipation vent and forms a forced convection path with the first heat dissipation vent.

[0010] Preferably, the heat dissipation vent includes a first heat dissipation vent located in the lower middle part of the side wall of the housing, for the entry of outside air into the electromagnetic shielding cavity; and a second heat dissipation vent located on the central axis of the top of the housing, forming a natural convection path perpendicular to the first heat dissipation vent, for the discharge of heat accumulated inside the electromagnetic shielding cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the controller can also automatically optimize the opening of the heat dissipation vent based on the combined signals from the temperature sensor, rain and snow sensor, and humidity sensor, thereby achieving coordinated control of multiple environmental parameters.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By using a temperature sensor to monitor the internal temperature of the electromagnetic shielding cavity in real time, and a controller to dynamically adjust the opening of the gate assembly, the invention effectively solves the problems of low heat dissipation efficiency and large temperature fluctuations in traditional shielding covers. While suppressing electromagnetic leakage, it ensures the stable performance of the phased array antenna in high-temperature environments. When severe weather is detected, the controller forcibly closes the gate assembly to prevent rain / snow from entering the shielding cover, avoiding the risk of short circuits or corrosion. Combined with a humidity sensor, it automatically reduces the opening of the heat dissipation vents in high-humidity environments to prevent moisture from entering the cavity and causing electronic components to fail due to moisture, significantly improving the environmental adaptability and service life of the equipment. Multi-sensor collaborative control enhances the system's intelligence level. By integrating comprehensive signals from temperature, rain / snow, and humidity sensors, the controller achieves intelligent collaborative control of multiple environmental parameters. For example, it prioritizes heat dissipation in high-temperature conditions, immediately locks the system in rain / snow, and provides moderate ventilation in high-humidity conditions, avoiding the limitations of single-sensor control and significantly improving the response speed and accuracy of the heat dissipation system. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gate in the closed state according to the first embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gate in the open state according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an isometric three-dimensional structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point A in this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the housing and phased antenna array of this utility model in their installed and used state. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the housing and phased antenna array of this utility model in their installed and used state. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Heat dissipation vent; 3. Electromagnetic shielding cavity; 4. Temperature sensor; 5. Rain and snow sensor; 6. Gate assembly; 7. Gate; 8. Adjusting component; 9. Support frame; 10. Power component; 11. First heat dissipation vent; 12. Second heat dissipation vent; 13. Pin. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model in any way.

[0016] When a phased array antenna is working, its internal electronic components generate a large amount of heat (e.g., the power consumption of a TR module can reach tens to hundreds of watts). If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will lead to performance degradation (high temperature will cause semiconductor material parameters to drift, such as reduced gain and increased noise), shortened lifespan (accelerated solder joint aging, substrate deformation, and even thermal runaway, such as capacitor explosion); and system shutdown (in extreme cases, it may trigger the overheat protection mechanism, causing the antenna to stop). Therefore, opening a heat dissipation vent 2 on the shielding cover can provide an air convection channel to dissipate the heat inside the cavity to the external environment. Existing phased array antenna shielding covers mainly include a box-shaped hollow shell 1 with an opening on the bottom surface, an absorbing layer bonded to the upper part of the inner cavity of the shell 1 for absorbing electromagnetic interference signals and suppressing electromagnetic leakage, and a heat dissipation vent 2 opened on the shell 1. The absorbing layer uses a carbonyl iron powder and ferrite composite absorbing material with a thickness of 2-5mm, achieving a reflection loss ≤-20dB in the 1-18GHz frequency band, through gradient impedance The anti-matching layer optimizes broadband absorption performance. An air dielectric spacer (distance H adjustable) is retained between the absorbing layer and the bottom of the housing 1. The VSWR is reduced by utilizing the multi-reflection interference effect, and the beam pointing accuracy is improved. The housing 1 is usually made of metal materials, such as aluminum alloy or copper alloy, which can attenuate external electromagnetic interference and internal radiation leakage by using reflection and absorption mechanisms. The opening size of the shielding cover is completely consistent with the outline of the antenna array. For square antenna arrays, the shielding cover is square, and for curved antenna arrays, the shielding cover is also arc-shaped. In use, the housing 1 is fixed to the bracket of the antenna array with bolts or screws. Conductive epoxy resin is applied to the joints to fill the small gaps. Of course, other methods can also be used for fixing, such as magnetic connection or conductive tape bonding. When the antenna is working, the heat in the electromagnetic shielding cavity 3 formed by the shielding cover and the antenna array is discharged along the heat dissipation port 2 to prevent the internal temperature of the cavity from exceeding the tolerance limit of the components. The above is an introduction to the existing phased array antenna shielding cover.

[0017] As can be seen from the above, existing phased array antenna shields have the following defects in use: 1. Some shields ventilate through a fixed-opening heat dissipation vent 2, but cannot dynamically adjust according to the ambient temperature, resulting in insufficient heat dissipation at high temperatures and excessive ventilation at low temperatures; 2. Lack of multi-sensor collaborative control: To solve the problem of the fixed-opening heat dissipation vent 2, the existing technology adds a temperature sensor to detect the temperature inside the shield in real time and adjusts the opening of the heat dissipation vent according to the internal temperature of the shield. However, adjustment by a single temperature sensor cannot cope with complex environmental conditions such as rain, snow, and high humidity. For example, the existing solution cannot close the heat dissipation vent 2 in time during heavy rain or snow, which can easily lead to rain and snow intrusion and damage to the internal circuits; in high humidity environments, controlling the heat dissipation vent 2 solely through the temperature signal can easily cause moisture condensation, leading to the failure of electronic components. Based on the above problems, this utility model adopts the following improvement method to solve them.

[0018] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a phased array antenna shield, based on existing technology, has a gate assembly 6 installed on the housing 1 to control the opening of the heat dissipation vent 2. The heat dissipation vent 2 includes a first heat dissipation vent 11 and a second heat dissipation vent 12. Therefore, the gate assembly 6 can also be divided into a first gate assembly 6 and a second gate assembly 6. The first gate assembly 6 is used to control the opening of the first heat dissipation vent 11, and the second gate assembly 6 is used to control the opening of the second heat dissipation vent 12. Both the first gate assembly 6 and the second gate assembly 6 include multiple gates 7 and adjusting components 8, such as... Figures 1-3As shown, multiple gate plates 7 are arranged sequentially along the length of the heat dissipation vent 2, and the ends of two adjacent gate plates 7 overlap in a direction perpendicular to the length of the heat dissipation vent 2. Initially, the multiple gate plates 7 are parallel to the heat dissipation vent 2, with the ends of two adjacent gate plates 7 overlapping, thus closing the heat dissipation vent 2. When the adjusting member 8 drives the gate plates 7 to rotate, the gate plates 7 form a certain angle with the housing 1, opening the heat dissipation vent 2. At this time, the ends of two adjacent gate plates 7 still partially overlap in a direction perpendicular to the length of the heat dissipation vent 2 (compared to the initial state, the area of ​​the overlapping portion of the ends of two adjacent gate plates 7 is relatively reduced). Since the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna array mainly propagate in approximately straight lines in free space, the overlapping ends of two gate plates 7 can reduce electromagnetic leakage of the antenna array while ensuring the unobstructed flow of the heat dissipation vent 2. The adjusting member 8 includes a support frame 9 hinged to the gate plates 7 and a mechanism for driving the gate plates 7. The power component 10 (which can be a servo motor or stepper motor) drives the gate 7 to rotate. The gate 7 is mounted on the support frame 9 and hinged to the support frame 9 via a pin 13. The power component 10 is installed at one end of the pin 13 to drive the gate 7 to rotate along the pin 13. Simultaneously, a temperature sensor 4 is installed inside the closed electromagnetic shielding cavity 3 formed by the housing 1 and the antenna array. This temperature sensor 4 can be a high-precision platinum resistance thermometer (PT100) or thermocouple sensor to monitor the internal temperature of the electromagnetic shielding cavity 3 in real time, with an error ≤ ±0.5℃. This temperature sensor 4 is connected to the controller to provide the controller with a signal of the internal temperature of the electromagnetic shielding cavity 3. The controller controls the operation of the gate assembly 6 based on this temperature signal to adjust the opening of the heat dissipation vent 2. Specifically, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4 is higher than a first preset threshold, the opening of the gate 7 is gradually increased to increase the ventilation volume of the heat dissipation vent 2. Figure 2 As shown, there are three gates 7 at each of the two heat dissipation vents 2. All three gates 7 can be opened to increase the ventilation volume of the heat dissipation vents 2. That is, by controlling the power component 10, the gates 7 are rotated 45 degrees away from the heat dissipation vent 2. At this time, the heat dissipation vent 2 is in the maximum open state, which ensures heat dissipation while suppressing electromagnetic leakage. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4 is lower than the second preset threshold, the opening of the gates 7 is gradually reduced to reduce the ventilation volume. The gates 7 in the two heat dissipation vents 2 can be kept at an angle of less than or equal to 30 degrees with the housing 1. One or both gates 7 in the two heat dissipation vents 2 can also be closed at the same time to reduce the ventilation volume of the heat dissipation vent 2, thereby reducing the probability of dust or other foreign objects entering under the premise of safe heat dissipation.

[0019] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-5As shown, this is the first embodiment of the present invention. A first heat dissipation vent 11 is located in the lower middle part of the side wall of the housing 1. A second heat dissipation vent 12 is disposed opposite to the first heat dissipation vent 11, forming a forced convection path with the first heat dissipation vent 11. Combined with an external fan or an internal airflow circulation device, the heat dissipation capacity of high-power devices can be significantly improved, meeting the heat dissipation requirements of high-power phased array antennas. Figure 8 As shown, this is the second embodiment of the present invention. The first heat dissipation vent 11 is located in the lower middle part of the side wall of the housing 1, and the second heat dissipation vent 12 is located on the top central axis of the housing 1, forming a natural convection path perpendicular to the first heat dissipation vent 11. This utilizes the principle of rising hot air to accelerate the dissipation of heat from the cavity, making it suitable for static or low-power scenarios. To prevent rain and snow from entering the electromagnetic shielding cavity 3 along the heat dissipation vent 2, a rain and snow sensor 5 and a humidity sensor are installed on the outside of the housing 1. Both the rain and snow sensor 5 and the humidity sensor are electrically connected to the controller to provide real-time weather information and air humidity signals. The controller can automatically optimize the opening of the heat dissipation vent 2 based on the combined signals from the temperature sensor 4, the rain and snow sensor 5, and the humidity sensor, achieving coordinated control of multiple environmental parameters. Specifically, when the rain and snow sensor 5 detects that it is raining or snowing, the controller will automatically adjust the opening of the heat dissipation vent 2. When it snows and the humidity sensor detects a humidity level higher than a preset threshold, combined with the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor 4, if the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4 is higher than the first preset threshold, the controller controls the second gate assembly 6 to operate, that is, controls the power component 10 to rotate at a certain angle, causing the gate 7 to flip towards the side closer to the second heat dissipation vent 12 until the gate 7 is parallel to the housing 1, closing the second heat dissipation vent 12 and keeping the first heat dissipation vent 11 open, thus ensuring heat dissipation while reducing the entry of moisture; if the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4 is lower than the second preset threshold, the controller controls the first gate assembly 6 to operate, driving the gate 7 to flip, to close the first heat dissipation vent 11 or to open the first heat dissipation vent 11 by one-third, while simultaneously controlling the second gate assembly 6 to operate, closing the second heat dissipation vent 12, further reducing the entry of moisture.

[0020] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0021] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For those skilled in the art, several improvements, modifications, or changes can be made without departing from the principles of this utility model, and the above technical features can also be combined in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A phased array antenna shield, comprising a box-shaped hollow shell (1) with an opening on its bottom surface, an absorbing layer bonded to the upper part of the inner cavity of the shell (1) for absorbing electromagnetic interference signals and suppressing electromagnetic leakage, and a heat dissipation vent (2) opened on the shell (1), characterized in that: It also includes a controller, a temperature sensor (4) for detecting the internal temperature of the closed electromagnetic shielding cavity (3) formed by the housing (1) and the antenna array, and a gate assembly (6) installed on the housing (1). The gate assembly (6) is used to adjust the opening of the heat dissipation port (2) while suppressing electromagnetic leakage. The temperature sensor (4) is electrically connected to the controller and is used to provide the controller with a signal of the internal temperature of the electromagnetic shielding cavity (3). The controller controls the operation of the gate assembly (6) according to the temperature signal and dynamically adjusts the opening of the heat dissipation port (2) while suppressing electromagnetic leakage.

2. The phased array antenna shielding cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rain and snow sensor (5) installed on the outside of the housing (1), which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to provide the controller with a signal of real-time weather information. The controller controls the operation of the gate assembly (6) based on the real-time weather information detected by the rain and snow sensor (5).

3. The phased array antenna shielding cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a humidity sensor, which is installed on the housing (1) and electrically connected to the controller for detecting the humidity inside the electromagnetic shielding cavity (3); wherein the controller controls the operation of the gate assembly (6) based on the humidity signal detected by the humidity sensor.

4. The phased array antenna shielding cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gate assembly (6) includes: The gate (7) is provided in multiple sets. The multiple sets of gate (7) are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the heat dissipation port (2), and the beginning and end of two adjacent gates (7) overlap in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the heat dissipation port (2). The adjusting component (8) includes a support frame (9) hinged to the gate (7) and a power component (10) for driving the gate (7) to flip.

5. A phased array antenna shielding cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation port (2) includes: The first heat dissipation vent (11) is located in the lower middle part of the side wall of the housing (1); The second heat dissipation port (12) is set opposite to the first heat dissipation port (11) and forms a forced convection path with the first heat dissipation port (11).

6. The phased array antenna shielding cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation port (2) includes: The first heat dissipation port (11) is located in the lower part of the side wall of the shell (1) for the outside air to enter the electromagnetic shielding cavity (3). The second heat dissipation vent (12) is located on the top center axis of the housing (1) and forms a natural convection path in the vertical direction with the first heat dissipation vent (11) for the discharge of heat accumulated inside the electromagnetic shielding cavity (3).

7. A phased array antenna shield according to any one of claims 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The controller can also automatically optimize the opening of the heat dissipation port (2) based on the combined signals of the temperature sensor (4), the rain and snow sensor (5) and the humidity sensor, so as to achieve coordinated control of multiple environmental parameters.

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