Ultrasonic laser compound machining system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ultrasonic laser compound processing systems, including laser processing module, for processing workpiece;Ultrasonic cleaning module, including cleaning tank and ultrasonic wave component installed on cleaning tank, cleaning medium is loaded in the cleaning tank, workpiece is placed in the cleaning tank;Air curtain auxiliary module, for blowing out auxiliary gas to form laminar gas barrier on the surface of workpiece immersed in cleaning medium.The ultrasonic laser compound processing system of the utility model combines two parts of laser processing and ultrasonic cleaning, so that workpiece is immersed in cleaning medium, to utilize laser to process workpiece surface, air curtain auxiliary module is also added, to realize gas-liquid interface accurate reconstruction by high-pressure gas jet, establish local dry processing environment, effectively eliminate the interference of medium refractive index fluctuation to laser transmission, improve the laser processing quality of workpiece, while also can ensure the cleaning effect of workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of processing system technology, and in particular to an ultrasonic laser composite processing system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, ultrasonic-assisted laser composite processing technology generally adopts a cleaning-processing synchronous process architecture. Although it can effectively solve the problem of real-time removal of processing debris, it causes significant technical contradictions: First, the coupling effect of the high-frequency sound pressure field and the laser thermal field causes the workpiece positioning system to produce submicron-level vibration offset, which directly causes dynamic instability of the processing reference surface, resulting in non-uniform deformation of the processing surface and significantly reducing the surface forming quality. Second, the cavitation bubble collapse disturbance accompanying the laser processing process will induce unsteady fluctuations in hydrodynamics. This multiphase medium dynamic refraction effect not only destroys the stability of the processing environment, but also causes beam energy distribution distortion and focus drift, ultimately leading to the deterioration of processing accuracy.

[0003] It is worth noting that the current conventional technology using the fully immersion processing system has a double negative effect: on the one hand, the fully immersion solid-liquid coupling processing mode will cause significant laser energy attenuation and nonlinear refraction effect, which will cause uncontrollable disturbance to the beam transmission path and generate nonlinear optical loss, thus restricting further improvement of processing accuracy; on the other hand, the photothermal absorption characteristics and dynamic refractive index changes of the cleaning fluid medium will directly cause beam quality degradation and focusing characteristic attenuation, which will seriously restrict the realization of ultra-precision processing requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides an ultrasonic-laser composite processing system to systematically optimize the process defects existing in the ultrasonic-assisted laser composite processing system in the prior art, making the processing system more suitable for products and scenarios with requirements for workpiece cleanliness and stress sensitivity.

[0005] This utility model provides an ultrasonic-laser composite processing system, comprising: Laser processing modules are used to process workpieces; An ultrasonic cleaning module includes a cleaning tank and an ultrasonic component mounted on the cleaning tank. The cleaning tank contains a cleaning medium, and the workpiece is placed inside the cleaning tank. The air curtain auxiliary module is used to blow auxiliary gas onto the surface of a workpiece immersed in the cleaning medium to form a laminar gas barrier.

[0006] This invention relates to an ultrasonic-laser composite processing system that combines laser processing and ultrasonic cleaning. The workpiece is immersed in the cleaning medium to process its surface using a laser. An air curtain auxiliary module is also included to achieve precise reconstruction of the gas-liquid interface through a high-pressure gas jet, creating a localized dry processing environment. This effectively eliminates the interference of medium refractive index fluctuations on laser transmission, improves the quality of laser processing on the workpiece, and ensures the cleaning effect on the workpiece.

[0007] In some embodiments, a control module is also included, which is connected to the laser processing module, the ultrasonic component, and the air curtain auxiliary module to control the laser processing module and the ultrasonic component to not operate simultaneously, and to control the air curtain auxiliary module to operate synchronously with the laser processing module.

[0008] Therefore, by setting it up in this way, the execution timing of each module can be controlled by the control module, thereby constructing a multi-physics timing decoupling control strategy. This decomposes laser processing and ultrasonic cleaning into discrete process stages, which not only ensures the elimination of periodic stress in the heat-affected zone (HAZ), but also avoids mechanical-optical coupling interference in traditional synchronous processes.

[0009] In some embodiments, the control module includes a timing controller electrically connected to the laser processing module, the ultrasonic component, and the air curtain auxiliary module.

[0010] Therefore, with this setup, the operation of the laser processing module and the ultrasonic components can be controlled by a timing controller.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic component is disposed at the bottom of the cleaning tank.

[0012] Therefore, this configuration can improve the cleaning effect of the ultrasonic components on the workpiece.

[0013] In some embodiments, a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the cleaning tank.

[0014] Therefore, this setup allows for the replacement of the cleaning medium within the cleaning tank via the drain outlet.

[0015] In some embodiments, the laser processing module includes a laser emitter, a reflector, and a lens, wherein the reflector and the lens are both disposed in the path of the laser emitted by the laser emitter.

[0016] Therefore, this setup enables laser processing of workpieces.

[0017] In some embodiments, the auxiliary gas includes a mixture of nitrogen and argon.

[0018] Thus, by setting it up in this way, a micron-scale metal nitride / oxide composite protective layer can be generated on the processed surface through the in-situ reaction of the specific gas component with the molten pool, thereby achieving dual functional coupling.

[0019] In some embodiments, the air curtain auxiliary module includes at least two sets of air blowing components, which are evenly distributed around the processing position of the laser processing module.

[0020] Therefore, this setup ensures the quality of the laminar gas barrier formed at the processing location of the laser processing module.

[0021] In some embodiments, the air outlet of the air blowing assembly faces the machined surface of the workpiece, and the air blowing angle of the air outlet is set at an angle of 60°-75° with the machined surface of the workpiece.

[0022] Therefore, this setup ensures the quality of the laminar gas barrier formed at the processing location of the laser processing module.

[0023] In some embodiments, the auxiliary gas blown out by the air curtain auxiliary module is a compressed gas with a pressure of 0.3 MPa to 0.6 MPa.

[0024] Therefore, this setup ensures the quality of the laminar gas barrier formed at the processing location of the laser processing module. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an ultrasonic laser composite processing system according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to one embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Laser processing module; 11. Laser emitter; 12. Reflector; 13. Lens; 2. Ultrasonic cleaning module; 21. Cleaning tank; 22. Ultrasonic component; 23. Steel plate; 24. Cleaning medium; 25. Drain port; 3. Control module; 4. Workpiece; 5. Air curtain auxiliary module; 51. Air blowing component. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "center," "middle," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" to indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings is solely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Features defined with "first" and "second" are used to distinguish feature names and do not have special meanings. Furthermore, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising" or "including" include not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The terminology used herein is generally that commonly used by those skilled in the art; in case of any discrepancy with commonly used terminology, the terminology used herein shall prevail.

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates the overall structural composition of an ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to one embodiment of this utility model, with reference to... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a laser processing module 1, an ultrasonic cleaning module 2, and an air curtain auxiliary module 5.

[0035] The ultrasonic cleaning module 2 is used to perform ultrasonic cleaning on the workpiece 4. The ultrasonic cleaning module 2 includes a cleaning tank 21 and an ultrasonic component 22 mounted on the cleaning tank 21. The cleaning tank 21 contains a cleaning medium 24, and the workpiece 4 to be processed is placed inside the cleaning tank 21 to achieve cleaning of the workpiece 4. The cleaning medium 24 can be a commonly used medium in the prior art, such as a water-based cleaning agent, a semi-aqueous cleaning agent, or an organic solvent cleaning agent. The mounting position of the ultrasonic component 22 on the cleaning tank 21 is preferably set at the same position as the workpiece 4 within the cleaning tank 21. For example, refer to... Figure 1 As shown, the workpiece 4 can be placed at the bottom of the cleaning tank 21. The bottom of the cleaning tank 21 is set as a steel plate 23 or the cleaning tank 21 is made of steel, which helps to improve the vibration transmission effect. The liquid level of the cleaning medium 24 is equal to or higher than the processing surface of the workpiece 4. Then the ultrasonic component 22 can be installed at the bottom outside the cleaning tank 21 to ensure the quality of ultrasonic cleaning of the workpiece 4.

[0036] The cleaning tank 21 can be an open-top tank or a closed tank, as long as it provides space for the operation of other modules and does not affect their working conditions. The specific structure of the cleaning tank 21 is not limited in this invention. Additionally, in some possible embodiments, a drain port 25 can be provided at the bottom of the cleaning tank 21 to drain the cleaning medium 24 from the tank, facilitating the replacement of the cleaning medium 24 within the tank.

[0037] The laser processing module 1 is used to process the workpiece 4. Exemplarily, the laser processing module 1 may include a laser emitter 11, a reflector 12, and a lens 13. The reflector 12 and lens 13 are both positioned along the path of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 11 to adjust the laser's output path and control the laser beam, allowing the laser beam to be projected onto the surface of the workpiece 4 for processing. Since the workpiece 4 is placed inside the cleaning tank 21, the laser processing module 1 can be positioned at the top of the cleaning tank 21 in the overall system to process the workpiece 4 from the top of the cleaning tank 21. In other embodiments, the laser processing module 1 may include only the emitter 11, or only the emitter 11 and the lens 13.

[0038] The air curtain auxiliary module 5 is used to continuously blow auxiliary gas onto the surface of the workpiece 4 during the processing of the workpiece 4 by the laser processing module 1, so as to form a laminar gas barrier.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the auxiliary gas blown out by the gas curtain auxiliary module 5 can be a mixture of nitrogen and argon. This allows for the in-situ reaction of this specific gas composition with the molten pool, generating a micron-scale metal nitride / oxide composite protective layer on the processed surface, thus achieving dual-functional coupling.

[0040] Specifically, the air curtain auxiliary module 5 includes an air blowing assembly 51, which is used to blow out auxiliary gas. The air blowing assembly 51 includes an air inlet pipe and an air outlet. The air inlet pipe is connected to a gas supply device to supply gas, and the air outlet is a structure for blowing out auxiliary gas, which is positioned towards the processing surface of the workpiece 4. In some possible embodiments, at least two sets of air blowing assemblies 51 can be provided, and they can be evenly distributed around the processing position of the laser processing module 1, thereby ensuring the formation quality of the laminar gas barrier formed at the processing position of the laser processing module 1.

[0041] Furthermore, the blowing assembly 51 can be configured such that the blowing angle of the blowing outlet is set at a 60°-75° angle to the processing surface of the workpiece 4. Further, the air curtain auxiliary module 5 can be configured to blow out compressed gas at a pressure of 0.3 MPa-0.6 MPa. This configuration further ensures the formation quality of the laminar gas barrier at the processing position of the laser processing module 1.

[0042] For example, refer to Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The arrangement of the laser processing module 1 and the ultrasonic cleaning module 2 in the ultrasonic-laser hybrid processing system of this invention is illustrated schematically. (Refer to...) Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the cleaning tank 21 is an open-top structure. The workpiece 4 is placed at the bottom of the cleaning tank 21, which contains a cleaning medium 24. The distance between the liquid level of the cleaning medium 24 and the top of the cleaning tank 21 is 35mm, ensuring that the cleaning medium 24 completely submerges the surface of the workpiece 4, allowing the workpiece 4 to be fully immersed in the cleaning medium 24, with the surface of the workpiece 4 to be processed facing the top of the cleaning tank 21. The ultrasonic component 22 is configured as an ultrasonic transducer, located on the outer side of the bottom of the cleaning tank 21, and three sets are provided. A drain port 25 is also provided on one side of the bottom of the cleaning tank 21 to drain the cleaning medium 24 from the cleaning tank 21, thus replacing the cleaning medium 24 within the cleaning tank 21. The laser processing module 1 is arranged at the top of the cleaning tank 21, and includes a laser emitter 11, a reflector 12, and a lens 13. The reflector 12 and lens 13 are positioned along the light output path of the laser emitter 11, allowing the laser emitted by the laser emitter 11 to enter the cleaning medium 24 from the top of the cleaning tank 21 to process the surface of the workpiece 4. The air inlet of the air curtain auxiliary module 5 is also positioned at the top of the cleaning tank 21. The air curtain auxiliary module 5 has two sets of air blowing components 51, both extending into the cleaning medium 24, with the air outlets of the air blowing components 51 set at a 60° angle to the processed surface of the workpiece 4. The two sets of air blowing components 51 are symmetrically arranged around the processing position of the laser processing module 1, and can move with the processing position of the laser processing module 1 to continuously blow air onto the surface of the workpiece 4 during processing, forming a laminar gas barrier.

[0043] In some possible implementations, the ultrasonic-laser composite processing system of this invention may further include a control module 3. The control module 3 is connected to the laser processing module 1, the ultrasonic component 22, and the air curtain auxiliary module 5 simultaneously to control the laser processing module 1 and the ultrasonic component 22 to operate at different times, and to control the air curtain auxiliary module 5 to operate synchronously with the laser processing module 1. This configuration enables the construction of a multi-physics temporal decoupling control strategy, decomposing laser processing and ultrasonic cleaning into discrete process stages. This ensures both the periodic stress elimination of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and avoids the mechanical-optical coupling interference in traditional synchronous processes. Furthermore, the synchronous operation of the air curtain auxiliary module and the laser processing module allows for the formation of a laminar gas barrier on the surface of the workpiece 4 during the processing of the workpiece 4 by the laser processing module 1. High-pressure gas jets are used to precisely reconstruct the gas-liquid interface, establishing a localized dry processing environment. This effectively eliminates the interference of medium refractive index fluctuations on laser transmission, ensuring the processing quality during laser processing.

[0044] Specifically, control module 3 can be implemented using a timing controller. The timing controller is electrically connected to the laser emitter 11 of the laser processing module 1, and also electrically connected to the ultrasonic component 22 and the air curtain auxiliary module 5, thereby controlling the operation of the laser processing module 1, the ultrasonic component 22, and the air curtain auxiliary module 5. Specifically, when controlling the operation of the laser processing module 1 and the ultrasonic component 22, it can be implemented by first starting the laser processing module 1, then turning it off for a delay, and then starting the ultrasonic component 22 to perform ultrasonic cleaning of the workpiece 4. For example, its operation can be controlled according to the following timing sequence: Start the laser processing module 1 to process workpiece 4 and continue running for the first preset time; Turn off laser processing module 1 and wait for the second preset time; The ultrasonic component 22 is activated to clean the workpiece 4 and continues to run for a third preset time.

[0045] By controlling the operation of the laser processing module 1 and the ultrasonic component 22 in the above manner, complete separation of laser processing and ultrasonic cleaning is achieved. Specifically, a delay waiting process is added before the ultrasonic component 22 operates, allowing ultrasonic cleaning to proceed only after the thermal impact caused by laser processing has stabilized and the residual energy generated by laser processing has dissipated. This design ensures the cleaning effect of ultrasonic cleaning while balancing the quality of laser processing with the cleaning effect of ultrasonic cleaning.

[0046] Specifically, in some possible implementations, the first preset time for the aforementioned timing control during execution can be set to... The second preset time is set to td , The third preset time is set to t u , ,in, f The laser pulse frequency; t system The inherent delay of the system; coefficient k =0.2~0.5.

[0047] In the above implementation, the overall timing control design is based on the laser pulse frequency of the laser processing module 1. Laser pulse frequency f If it is the number of pulses emitted per second, then... It is the period of a single laser pulse, as described in the above embodiments. The laser can be continuously output until the processing is completed. For example, such as... f =1000Hz, then =0.001s, meaning the laser completes the processing in 1ms. After that, the laser processing module is turned off and a delay is performed.

[0048] The time set during the delay waiting period t d Half the processing time of laser processing module 1, plus t system In this module, half of the processing time of laser processing module 1 is an empirical half-cycle buffer. This buffer, based on experience, allows time for material thermal diffusion and plasma dissipation in workpiece 4, preventing premature ultrasonic intervention from interfering with the laser processing. t system This refers to the inherent latency of the system, namely the response time of hardware devices (such as laser transformer signal transmission, circuit delays, etc.) and the synchronization time of software instructions. These times are fundamental delays that the devices themselves cannot eliminate. This setting of the latency ensures... t d It can fully cover the process of laser processing's influence dissipation and the equipment's own response delay. This design ensures that when the ultrasonic wave is activated, the physical processes of laser processing (such as thermal effects and plasma) have stabilized, avoiding mutual interference between the two energy fields.

[0049] The set time during the ultrasonic cleaning stage t uThe delay time is 0.2-0.5 times that of the laser-processed material. This design is a simplified engineering approach. Since the time required to ensure the material's stability after laser processing has been considered during the delay phase, the ultrasonic cleaning of workpiece 4 does not require a long time. This ultrasonic cleaning time design effectively removes laser processing residues, such as slag and debris, while avoiding over-cleaning of workpiece 4 and potential damage to its material. The laser processing-delay-ultrasonic cleaning process described above can be repeated to complete the processing of workpiece 4.

[0050] The above example is only one control method of the ultrasonic-laser hybrid machining system of this utility model, which can further improve the processing quality and accuracy, and meet the requirements of ultra-precision machining of workpiece 4. Specifically, the control method of the ultrasonic-laser hybrid machining system of this utility model can also be implemented through other control methods, and this utility model does not limit this to any particular method.

[0051] This invention relates to an ultrasonic-laser composite processing system that combines laser processing and ultrasonic cleaning. The workpiece 4 is immersed in the cleaning medium 24 to process the surface of the workpiece 4 using laser. At the same time, an air curtain auxiliary module 5 is added to achieve precise reconstruction of the gas-liquid interface through high-pressure gas jets, establish a local dry processing environment, effectively eliminate the interference of medium refractive index fluctuations on laser transmission, improve the laser processing quality of the workpiece 4, and at the same time ensure the cleaning effect of the workpiece 4.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic-laser composite processing system, characterized in that, include: A laser processing module (1) is used to process workpiece (4); The ultrasonic cleaning module (2) includes a cleaning tank (21) and an ultrasonic component (22) installed on the cleaning tank (21). The cleaning tank (21) contains a cleaning medium (24), and the workpiece (4) is placed in the cleaning tank (21). An air curtain auxiliary module (5) is used to blow auxiliary gas onto the surface of a workpiece (4) immersed in a cleaning medium (24) to form a laminar gas barrier.

2. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control module (3), which is connected to the laser processing module (1), the ultrasonic component (22) and the air curtain auxiliary module (5) to control the laser processing module (1) and the ultrasonic component (22) to not operate at the same time, and to control the air curtain auxiliary module (5) to operate synchronously with the laser processing module (1).

3. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module (3) includes a timing controller, which is electrically connected to the laser processing module (1), the ultrasonic component (22), and the air curtain auxiliary module (5).

4. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic component (22) is disposed at the bottom of the cleaning tank (21).

5. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the cleaning tank (21) is provided with a drain port (25).

6. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser processing module (1) includes a laser emitter (11), a reflector (12) and a lens (13), and the reflector (12) and the lens (13) are both arranged on the path of the laser emitted by the laser emitter (11).

7. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary gas includes a mixture of nitrogen and argon.

8. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air curtain auxiliary module (5) includes at least two sets of air blowing components (51), which are evenly distributed around the processing position of the laser processing module (1).

9. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air blowing outlet of the air blowing assembly (51) faces the machined surface of the workpiece (4), and the air blowing angle of the air blowing outlet is set at an angle of 60°-75° with the machined surface of the workpiece (4).

10. The ultrasonic-laser composite processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary gas blown out by the air curtain auxiliary module (5) is a compressed gas with a pressure of 0.3 MPa to 0.6 MPa.

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