Prestressed self-balancing column-free stair load-bearing system

Abstract

The application relates to a prestressed self-balancing column-free stair bearing system, which belongs to the technical field of stair structures and comprises stone steps, the rear side of the stone steps being fixedly connected with a stair body through bolts; the stair body comprises first and second sub-stairs, the number of steps of the first and second sub-stairs is three, the first and second sub-stairs are combined to form a stair group, the number of the stair groups is several, and the several stair groups are connected in a spiral mode to form the stair body. The prestressed self-balancing design and the modular spiral connection structure effectively improve the bearing stability and deformation resistance of the stair system, the mechanical trigger type alarm device is used to realize safety monitoring without external power supply, the reliability of long-term use is ensured, the maintenance cost is reduced, the stair system is detachable and reusable, and the stair system is suitable for building environments with high safety and sustainability requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of staircase structures, and in particular to a prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional staircase structures, especially in designs with large spans and no central column support, staircases often cannot effectively offset the deformation caused by lateral loads, resulting in insufficient stability and loosening of connection nodes over long-term use. Furthermore, existing staircases lack effective real-time monitoring methods for structural condition, and daily maintenance relies on manual inspections, which is inefficient and poses safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system.

[0004] This application provides a prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system, which adopts the following technical solution: A prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system includes stone steps, the rear side of which is fixedly connected to the staircase body by bolts. The staircase body includes a first sub-staircase and a second sub-staircase, both of which have three steps. The first and second sub-staircases are combined to form a staircase group, and there are several staircase groups. These staircase groups are connected in a spiral to form the staircase body. The left side of the first sub-staircase is a wall.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a first connecting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third step of the first sub-staircase, and a first mounting groove is provided through the left side of the first connecting frame. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first step of the second sub-staircase, and the surface of the fixing plate is slidably connected to the frame wall of the first connecting frame. An alarm is fixedly connected to the wall, and the number of the alarms is the same as the number of the staircase group.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the right side of the alarm is provided with a second connecting frame, which is connected to the wall by screws. A tenon and mortise groove is provided through the left side of the fixing plate. The left and right sides of the bottom of the third step of the first sub-staircase are fixedly connected with connecting plates. A fixed sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate, and the surface of the fixed sliding plate is slidably connected to the groove wall of the first mounting groove.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the surface of the fixed sliding plate is slidably connected to the groove wall of the tenon groove, a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed sliding plate, a spring is provided between the limiting plate and the connecting plate, the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the inner side of the limiting plate and the outer side of the connecting plate respectively, a threaded hole is opened on the fixing plate and the first connecting frame, a fixing bolt is threaded into the threaded hole, a grid sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second connecting frame, and a switch is provided on the right side of the alarm.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a movable plate is spot-welded to the surface of the fixing bolt, the left side of the movable plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the grid slide plate, and the switch is located at the bottom of the grid slide plate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, there is one welding point between the movable plate and the fixing bolt, and the movable plate will fall off when the fixing bolt moves.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the load-bearing beam of the staircase body is pre-applied with axial pressure by a hydraulic device before installation, so that a reverse force field is formed after the steps are installed to counteract the lateral load deformation.

[0011] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects of a prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system: This application effectively improves the load-bearing stability and deformation resistance of the staircase system through prestressed self-balancing design and modular spiral connection structure. At the same time, it uses a mechanically triggered alarm device to achieve safety monitoring without external power supply, which not only ensures the reliability of long-term use, but also reduces maintenance costs. It is also detachable and reusable, making it suitable for building environments with high requirements for safety and sustainability. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is the overall floor plan of the staircase in this application; Figure 2 This application Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the central staircase; Figure 3 This application Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the middle and bottom structure; Figure 4 This application Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the fixed component structure; Figure 5 This application Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the alarm component structure.

[0013] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Stone steps; 2. Staircase body; 201. First sub-staircase; 202. Second sub-staircase; 203. Alarm; 204. First connecting frame; 205. Fixing bolt; 206. Moving plate; 207. Fixing plate; 208. Mortise and tenon groove; 209. First mounting groove; 210. Fixing slide plate; 212. Limiting plate; 213. Spring; 214. Connecting plate; 215. Switch; 216. Second connecting frame; 217. Cross-shaped slide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0015] See Figure 1-5 A prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system includes stone steps 1, with a staircase body 2 bolted to the rear side of the stone steps 1; the staircase body 2 includes a first sub-staircase 201 and a second sub-staircase 202, both having three steps, and the first sub-staircase 201 and the second sub-staircase 202 are combined to form a staircase group, the number of which is several, and the several staircase groups are spirally connected to form the staircase body 2, with a wall on the left side of the first sub-staircase 201; before installation, the load-bearing beam of the staircase body 2 is pre-applied with axial pressure by a hydraulic device, so that after the steps are installed, a reverse force field is formed to counteract the lateral load deformation. This application, based on architectural design drawings, determines the number and spiral angle of staircase groups. The staircase body 2 is composed of multiple staircase groups spirally connected. Each staircase group includes a first sub-staircase 201 and a second sub-staircase 202. The rear side of the stone steps 1 is pre-fixed to the staircase frame with high-strength bolts to ensure the stability and load-bearing capacity of the first staircase group. During the factory prefabrication stage, the load-bearing beams are made of steel or composite materials, and axial prestress is applied through a hydraulic device. The prestress value is determined according to the calculated load to form a reverse force field to counteract the lateral load deformation during future use. After prestressing is completed, the load... The heavy beams are transported to the construction site. During installation, the left side of the first sub-staircase 201 is first fixed to the wall with expansion bolts to ensure its verticality and horizontality. Then, the second sub-staircase 202 is aligned with the first sub-staircase 201 and initially connected through the first connecting frame 204 and the fixing plate 207. The first connecting frame 204 is located at the bottom of the third step of the first sub-staircase 201, and its first mounting groove 209 slides with the fixing plate 207. The fixing plate 207 is fixed to the bottom of the first step of the second sub-staircase 202. At this stage, temporary support frames are used to maintain structural stability and avoid pre-compression loss. During installation, workers need to check the pre-compression state of the spring 213. The spring 213 is located between the limiting plate 212 and the connecting plate 214, providing initial elastic support to ensure that the fixing slide plate 210 can be smoothly inserted into the tenon groove 208. Finally, the fixing bolts 205 are screwed in through the threaded holes to complete the mechanical connection of the staircase assembly.

[0016] A first connecting frame 204 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third step of the first sub-staircase 201. A first mounting groove 209 is opened through the left side of the first connecting frame 204. A fixing plate 207 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first step of the second sub-staircase 202. The surface of the fixing plate 207 is slidably connected to the frame wall of the first connecting frame 204. An alarm 203 is fixedly connected to the wall. The number of alarms 203 is the same as the number of staircases. A second connecting frame 216 is provided on the right side of the alarm 203. The second connecting frame 216 is connected to the wall by screws. A tenon groove 208 is opened through the left side of the fixing plate 207. A connecting plate 214 is fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the bottom of the third step of the first sub-staircase 201. A fixing slide plate 210 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate 214. The surface of the fixing slide plate 210 is slidably connected to the groove wall of the first mounting groove 209. The surface of the fixed sliding plate 210 is slidably connected to the groove wall of the tenon groove 208. A limiting plate 212 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed sliding plate 210. A spring 213 is provided between the limiting plate 212 and the connecting plate 214. The two ends of the spring 213 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the limiting plate 212 and the outer side of the connecting plate 214, respectively. A threaded hole is provided on the fixed plate 207 and the first connecting frame 204. A fixing bolt 205 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. A grid sliding plate 217 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second connecting frame 216. A switch 215 is provided on the right side of the alarm 203. A movable plate 206 is spot-welded to the surface of the fixing bolt 205. The left side of the movable plate 206 is fixedly connected to the right side of the grid sliding plate 217. The switch 215 is located at the bottom of the grid sliding plate 217. There is only one welding point between the movable plate 206 and the fixing bolt 205. The movable plate 206 will fall off when the fixing bolt 205 moves. The second connecting frame 216 is fixed with screws, enabling real-time monitoring and safety maintenance. The alarm triggering process begins during daily use. When the staircase is subjected to excessive load, lateral deformation may cause the fixing bolt 205 to loosen. Since the fixing bolt 205 has a movable plate 206 spot-welded to its surface, and the welding point is only a single weak point, a slight displacement of the bolt will cause the movable plate 206 to fall off. The movable plate 206 is fixedly connected to the grid sliding plate 217. Its fall will cause the grid sliding plate 217 to slide within the second connecting frame 216. Pressing down on the switch 215, a normally open micro switch located at the bottom of the grid sliding plate 217, will send an electrical signal to the alarm once triggered. 203. Alarm 203 emits an audible and visual alarm to remind users or maintenance personnel to check in a timely manner. Maintenance personnel manually simulate load events monthly to check the alarm response time and replace any loose moving plates 206. The elastic performance of spring 213 needs to be tested annually. Its compressive force is measured to ensure that it still provides sufficient cushioning to prevent false alarms. If the alarm is triggered, the system will automatically record event data to facilitate the analysis of load patterns and the prediction of maintenance needs. This application converts mechanical loosening into an electrical signal alarm, which can achieve passive monitoring without an external power supply. This application can prevent structural failure and extend the life of stairs. It is suitable for high-rise buildings or public spaces and reduces the cost of manual inspection. In this application, when the service life is reached or an upgrade is required, the disassembly process follows the reverse operation to ensure safety and reusability. First, the power to the relevant area is turned off to prevent the alarm 203 from being triggered falsely. The bolts are rotated counterclockwise using a torque wrench. Since the spot-welded movable plate 206 may have fallen off during previous use, care must be taken to avoid damaging the threaded holes. After the bolts are removed, the sliding connection between the fixing plate 207 and the first connecting frame 204 is released. The compression spring 213 pushes the limiting plate 212 with a tool, causing the fixing slide plate 210 to slide out of the tenon groove 208 and the first mounting groove 209, thereby separating the first sub-staircase 201 and the second sub-staircase 202. The sliding design of the connecting plate 214 and the fixing slide plate 210 allows for smooth disassembly without cutting or violent operation. The screws of the second connecting frame 216 are loosened, and the alarm 203 and the grid slide plate 217 assembly are moved. The bolts of the stone steps 1 are then removed, and the steps can be replaced or recycled individually.

[0017] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system, characterized in that: Includes stone steps (1), and the back side of the stone steps (1) is fixedly connected to the stair body (2) by bolts; The staircase body (2) includes a first sub-staircase (201) and a second sub-staircase (202). Both the first sub-staircase (201) and the second sub-staircase (202) have three steps. The first sub-staircase (201) and the second sub-staircase (202) are combined to form a staircase group. There are several staircase groups. Several staircase groups are connected in a spiral to form the staircase body (2). The left side of the first sub-staircase (201) is a wall.

2. The prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting frame (204) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third step of the first sub-staircase (201). A first mounting groove (209) is provided through the left side of the first connecting frame (204). A fixing plate (207) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first step of the second sub-staircase (202). The surface of the fixing plate (207) is slidably connected to the frame wall of the first connecting frame (204). An alarm (203) is fixedly connected to the wall. The number of alarms (203) is the same as the number of the staircase group.

3. The prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alarm (203) has a second connecting frame (216) on its right side. The second connecting frame (216) is connected to the wall by screws. The left side of the fixing plate (207) has a tenon groove (208) through it. The bottom left and right sides of the third step of the first sub-staircase (201) are fixedly connected to the connecting plate (214). The inner wall of the connecting plate (214) is slidably connected to the fixing slide plate (210). The surface of the fixing slide plate (210) is slidably connected to the groove wall of the first mounting groove (209).

4. The prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the fixed sliding plate (210) is slidably connected to the groove wall of the tenon groove (208). A limiting plate (212) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed sliding plate (210). A spring (213) is provided between the limiting plate (212) and the connecting plate (214). The two ends of the spring (213) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the limiting plate (212) and the outer side of the connecting plate (214), respectively. A threaded hole is provided on the fixed plate (207) and the first connecting frame (204). A fixing bolt (205) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. A grid sliding plate (217) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second connecting frame (216). A switch (215) is provided on the right side of the alarm (203).

5. A prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the fixing bolt (205) is spot-welded with a movable plate (206), the left side of the movable plate (206) is fixedly connected to the right side of the grid slide plate (217), and the switch (215) is located at the bottom of the grid slide plate (217).

6. A prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is one welding point between the movable plate (206) and the fixing bolt (205).

7. A prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before installation, the load-bearing beam of the stair body (2) is pre-applied with axial pressure by a hydraulic device so that the steps form a reverse force field after installation to counteract the lateral load deformation.

8. A prestressed self-balancing column-free staircase load-bearing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moving plate (206) will fall off when the fixing bolt (205) moves.

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