Adjustable pile drilling guide device for rotary drilling rig

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of drilling guiding, specifically relates to an adjustable foundation pile drilling guiding device suitable for rotary drilling rig, including upper sleeve and drill rod, the drill rod sets up inside upper sleeve, and the upper end of drill rod is connected with the rotary output end of rotary drilling rig through universal joint, the lower extreme of upper sleeve is provided with lower sleeve, the inner wall lower extreme of lower sleeve is fixedly connected with sealing layer, be provided with ball head between upper sleeve and lower sleeve, the middle part of ball head is provided with through -hole for making drill rod pass, the outer wall middle part of ball head is fixedly connected with lower disc, the outer wall middle part of upper sleeve is fixedly connected with upper disc, the lower extreme of upper disc and the upper extreme of lower disc all are fixedly connected with a plurality of bearing seats. Compared with prior art, the application solves the problem that the guiding device lacks adjustability in prior art, which leads to the need to disassemble and replace the whole guiding device when replacing the drill rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drilling guidance technology, and in particular to an adjustable pile drilling guidance device adapted to rotary drilling machines. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary drilling rigs, as a highly efficient and environmentally friendly pile foundation drilling equipment, are widely used in the construction of cast-in-place piles for high-rise buildings, bridges, subways, and other projects in urban construction. Their working principle involves driving the drill bit to rotate and cut the soil and rock through a drill rod. A telescopic drill rod is used to periodically lift the drill bit to the outside of the hole to unload the soil, thus forming a pile hole that meets design requirements. During construction, to ensure the verticality of the pile hole and prevent excessive hole inclination due to drill rod swaying or uneven ground, a pile drilling guide device is usually installed on the upper part of the drill rod near the forearm of the rotary drilling rig. The core function of this device is to straighten and guide the drill rod, constraining its radial displacement, thereby ensuring a straight and accurate drilling trajectory.

[0003] However, existing pile drilling guidance devices have obvious limitations. Their inner diameter is usually fixed and can only be used with drill rods of a single outer diameter. In actual construction, in order to meet the requirements of different pile diameters and geological conditions, rotary drilling rigs need to frequently change drill rods of different diameters. Whenever the drill rod is changed, due to the lack of adjustability of the existing guidance device, the construction personnel have to disassemble and replace the entire guidance device as well. This process is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also significantly reduces construction efficiency. At the same time, it also increases the number and cost of equipment configuration and reduces the versatility and ease of use of the guidance device itself.

[0004] Furthermore, we disclose an adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to rotary drilling rigs to meet the practical needs of existing guide devices that lack adjustability, which requires the entire guide device to be disassembled and replaced when changing drill rods. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to propose an adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to rotary drilling rigs, so as to solve the problem that the lack of adjustability of the guide device in the prior art leads to the need to disassemble and replace the entire guide device when changing the drill rod.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig, comprising an upper sleeve and a drill rod. The drill rod is disposed inside the upper sleeve, and its upper end is connected to the rotary output end of the rotary drilling rig via a universal joint. A lower sleeve is provided at the lower end of the upper sleeve, and a sealing layer is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the lower sleeve. A ball joint is provided between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the ball joint for the drill rod to pass through. The middle of the outer wall of the ball joint is fixedly connected to the lower sleeve. The upper sleeve is fixedly connected to a lower plate, and an upper plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the upper sleeve. Multiple bearing seats are fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper plate and the upper end of the lower plate. The upper bearing seats on the upper plate correspond to the upper bearing seats on the lower plate. The hydraulic cylinders are evenly distributed at the lower end of the upper plate. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the bearing seat on the upper plate. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the bearing seat on the lower plate. An adjustment component is provided on the ball head. The adjustment component is used to limit the drill rod and adapt to its different diameters.

[0007] Preferably, the drill pipe is equipped with an inclination sensor, and the hydraulic cylinder is electrically connected to the inclination sensor on the drill pipe via a controller.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting flange is fixedly connected to the upper sleeve, and the upper sleeve is installed at the front end of the rotary drilling rig via the connecting flange.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of connecting brackets are fixedly connected at even intervals to the lower end of the outer wall of the upper sleeve, and the lower ends of the plurality of connecting brackets are fixedly connected to the lower sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a rotating frame rotatably connected to the upper part of the ball head. A plurality of actuating rods are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating frame at uniform intervals. A plurality of limiting modules are uniformly spaced inside the rotating frame. A plurality of opening slots are uniformly spaced inside the ball head. The number of opening slots is the same as the number of limiting modules, and the limiting modules are located in the opening slots.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting module includes a connecting rod fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating frame, a telescopic rod slidably connected to one end of the connecting rod near the drill rod, and a ball bearing engaged and rotatably connected to one end of the telescopic rod near the drill rod.

[0012] Preferably, a compression spring is fixedly connected to the end face of the connecting rod near the telescopic rod, and the end of the compression spring away from the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected to a slider, and the lower surface of the opening slot is inclinedly provided with a guide groove, and the slider is slidably connected to the guide groove.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This adjustable pile drilling guide device, adapted to rotary drilling rigs, enables rapid adaptation to drill rods of different diameters through its adjustable components. Specifically, the operator only needs to rotate the rotating frame to simultaneously drive the ball bearings in multiple limit modules to move radially via a lever, thereby changing the distance between the ball bearings and the drill rod surface or the preload. This design allows one guide device to adapt to various drill rods within a certain diameter range, eliminating the cumbersome operation of replacing the entire device when changing drill rods with traditional fixed inner diameter guide devices. This not only greatly improves the convenience and efficiency of construction and reduces auxiliary operation time, but also significantly reduces the equipment purchase and storage costs caused by the need to equip multiple specifications of guide devices, improving the equipment's versatility and economy.

[0015] This adjustable pile drilling guide device, adapted for rotary drilling rigs, employs an angle adjustment system consisting of an upper sleeve, a lower sleeve, and a ball-head hinge structure driven by a hydraulic cylinder. Combined with an inclination sensor and controller on the drill rod, it forms an active, real-time verticality correction closed-loop control system. During operation, the inclination sensor continuously monitors the drill rod's posture. Once deviation is detected, the controller instructs the corresponding hydraulic cylinder to actuate, pushing the ball head to deflect, thereby causing the lower sleeve and drill rod to fine-tune their angles, achieving dynamic correction. This active intervention mechanism effectively suppresses drill rod tilting caused by uneven geological conditions or abnormal drill bit stress, precisely controlling the pile hole verticality deviation to a low level. This is significantly superior to traditional guide devices that only provide passive limiting and cannot actively correct deviations, fundamentally ensuring the vertical accuracy and hole quality of pile drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the ball head of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating frame of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the telescopic rod of this utility model; Figure 7This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide groove of this utility model.

[0018] The diagram is marked as follows: 1. Upper sleeve; 2. Connecting flange; 3. Drill rod; 4. Upper plate; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Ball head; 7. Lower sleeve; 8. Connecting frame; 9. Bearing seat; 10. Lower plate; 11. Sealing layer; 12. Rotating frame; 13. Ball bearing; 14. Actuating rod; 15. Telescopic rod; 16. Connecting rod; 17. Compression spring; 18. Slider; 19. Guide groove; 20. Opening groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this utility model should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this utility model do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, an adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig is disclosed. The core of this device includes an upper sleeve 1, a lower sleeve 7, and a hinged structure connected by a ball joint 6. The upper end of the upper sleeve 1 is fixed to the rotary drilling rig's forearm via a connecting flange 2. The lower end of the lower sleeve 7 forms a dynamic seal with the drill rod 3 via a sealing layer 11. The upper end of the drill rod 3 is connected to the output end of the rotary drilling rig via a universal joint, and the lower end extends into the borehole. During operation, the upper sleeve 1 is first installed onto the rotary drilling rig's forearm via the connecting flange 2. The drill rod 3 passes through the through hole of the ball joint 6 and is then connected to the universal joint. When the drill rod 3 deviates due to uneven geological conditions, to achieve precise control of the drill rod 3's verticality, the analog signal output from the tilt sensor in this device is first amplified and filtered by a signal conditioning circuit to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and meet the input range requirements of the analog-to-digital converter. The conditioned analog signal is then amplified and filtered. The analog signal is sampled and quantized by the ADC module of the microcontroller (MCU) or programmable logic controller (PLC) and converted into a digital quantity. This digital quantity is read by the controller (such as PLC) and compared and judged with a preset verticality threshold. If a deviation is detected, the controller calculates the correction amount according to the preset logic and outputs a digital or analog control signal to the hydraulic cylinder 5 drive circuit. The drive circuit amplifies the control signal to a level sufficient to drive the hydraulic cylinder 5 to move, thereby pushing the ball head 6 to deflect and realizing the real-time correction of the drill rod 3's attitude. The entire signal processing flow—from sensor signal acquisition, conditioning, analog-to-digital conversion, to the controller's logic judgment and signal output, and finally to the action of the actuator hydraulic cylinder 5—constitutes a closed-loop control system, ensuring that the drill rod 3 can dynamically maintain a vertical attitude during drilling.

[0022] This design achieves active vertical adjustment of the drill rod 3 in three-dimensional space through the ball joint 6 hinge structure and hydraulic cylinder 5 drive, solving the problem that traditional fixed guide devices cannot adapt to the dynamic deflection of the drill rod 3. The omnidirectional rotation characteristic of the ball joint 6 allows the lower sleeve 7 to deflect ±5° in any direction. The stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is designed to be 150mm, and the thrust is not less than 5kN, ensuring that it can overcome the lateral force of the drill rod 3 in hard rock formations. The sealing layer 11 is made of wear-resistant rubber with a thickness of 10mm and a Shore hardness of 70A, preventing mud from entering the interior of the upper sleeve 1 and extending the service life of the device. Experimental data shows that this structure can control the verticality deviation of the pile hole within 0.1%, that is, a maximum deviation of 10mm at a depth of 10m, which is better than the 0.5% deviation standard of traditional guide devices.

[0023] The adjustment assembly includes a rotating frame 12, a lever 14, and three limiting modules evenly distributed inside the ball head 6. The limiting modules are set in the opening slot 20. When the rotating frame 12 rotates, the limiting modules move in the opening slot 20. Each limiting module consists of a connecting rod 16, a telescopic rod 15, a ball bearing 13, and a compression spring 17. The lower end of the telescopic rod 15 is slidably connected to the inclined guide groove 19 through a slider 18. The inclination angle of the guide groove 19 is 30°, which converts the rotational motion of the rotating frame 12 into the radial linear motion of the ball bearing 13. When it is necessary to adapt to drill rods 3 of different diameters, the operator rotates the lever 14 to drive the rotating frame 12 to rotate. At this time, the slider 18 slides along the guide groove 19, pushing the telescopic rod 15 to move radially. The compression spring 17 provides a preload of 10 to 50 N to ensure that the ball bearing 13 and the surface of the drill rod 3 are elastically fitted to avoid rigid impact. The ball bearing 13 is made of tungsten carbide and the surface is polished to a roughness Ra≤0.4μm to reduce friction loss.

[0024] This module enables rapid adaptation to the diameter of drill rod 3 without the need to replace the guide device components. The inclined design of the guide groove 19 converts circumferential rotation into radial displacement with an adjustment accuracy of ±1mm. The spring preload can counteract the vibration of drill rod 3. Experiments show that within the range of drill rod 3 rotation speed of 0-30r / min, the gap between ball bearing 13 and drill rod 3 remains ≤0.5mm, effectively suppressing the swing of drill rod 3.

[0025] The upper plate 4 and the lower plate 10 are welded to the outer walls of the upper sleeve 1 and the ball head 6, respectively. Four bearing seats 9 are symmetrically installed on each plate. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 5 are hinged to the bearing seats 9 by pins. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder diameter of 50mm, a stroke of 100mm, and a response time of <0.5s. The tilt sensor model is SCA100T with an accuracy of ±0.1°. It is installed on the upper end of the drill rod 3 and electrically connected to a PLC controller such as Siemens S7-1200. When the sensor detects that the drill rod 3 is tilted, the controller calculates the required correction amount and drives the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 5 to extend or retract. For example, if the drill rod 3 is tilted by 0.5° in the positive X-axis direction, the hydraulic cylinder 5 in the negative X-axis direction extends and the hydraulic cylinder 5 in the positive direction retracts, forming a force couple to correct the tilt angle.

[0026] The coordinated operation of multiple hydraulic cylinders 6 achieves high-precision closed-loop control, with a correction response time of less than 2 seconds. The connecting frame 8, consisting of 3 units, is evenly distributed at the lower end of the upper sleeve 1 and is welded with channel steel to enhance the stability between the upper and lower sleeves and prevent excessive deflection of the ball head 6. Field tests show that in granite strata, the system has a 98% success rate in correcting the drill rod 3 from deflection to a vertical state, which is 40% higher than without a guide device.

[0027] The sealing layer 11 at the lower end of the inner wall of the lower sleeve 7 is made of polyurethane composite material with a thickness of 12mm, forming a labyrinth-type sealing structure. This design allows the drill rod 3 to remain sealed when deflected, preventing mud from entering the rotating part of the ball head 6. The gap between the sealing layer 11 and the drill rod 3 is designed to be 2mm, which can still effectively seal when the drill rod 3 has a maximum deflection angle of 5°. In addition, the surface of the ball head 6 is coated with a molybdenum disulfide lubricating coating with a friction coefficient of <0.05, ensuring flexible rotation.

[0028] The sealing layer 11 reduces the maintenance frequency. Experiments show that no mud leakage occurred after 200 hours of continuous operation. The rolling contact method of the ball 13 reduces frictional power consumption.

[0029] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0030] This utility model is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig, comprising an upper sleeve (1) and a drill rod (3), wherein the drill rod (3) is disposed inside the upper sleeve (1), and the upper end of the drill rod (3) is connected to the rotary output end of the rotary drilling rig via a universal joint, characterized in that: The lower end of the upper sleeve (1) is provided with a lower sleeve (7). A sealing layer (11) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the lower sleeve (7). A ball head (6) is provided between the upper sleeve (1) and the lower sleeve (7). A through hole is opened in the middle of the ball head (6) for the drill rod (3) to pass through. A lower plate (10) is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the ball head (6). An upper plate (4) is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the upper sleeve (1). The lower end of the upper plate (4) and the upper end of the lower plate (10) are both fixedly connected. Multiple bearing seats (9) are connected. The bearing seats (9) on the upper plate (4) correspond to the bearing seats (9) on the lower plate (10). The hydraulic cylinders (5) are evenly distributed at the lower end of the upper plate (4). One end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (9) on the upper plate (4). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (9) on the lower plate (10). An adjustment component is provided on the ball head (6). The adjustment component is used to limit the drill rod (3) and adapt to its different diameters.

2. The adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclination sensor is installed on the drill rod (3), and the hydraulic cylinder (5) is electrically connected to the inclination sensor on the drill rod (3) through a controller.

3. The adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting flange (2) is fixedly connected to the upper sleeve (1), and the upper sleeve (1) is installed at the front end of the rotary drilling rig through the connecting flange (2).

4. The adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the outer wall of the upper sleeve (1) is fixedly connected with multiple connecting brackets (8) at even intervals, and the lower ends of the multiple connecting brackets (8) are fixedly connected to the lower sleeve (7).

5. An adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a rotating frame (12) rotatably connected to the upper part of the ball head (6). Multiple actuating rods (14) are fixedly connected at even intervals on the upper surface of the rotating frame (12). Multiple limiting modules are evenly spaced inside the rotating frame (12). Multiple opening slots (20) are evenly spaced inside the ball head (6). The number of opening slots (20) is the same as the number of limiting modules. The limiting modules are located in the opening slots (20).

6. The adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting module includes a connecting rod (16) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating frame (12). The end of the connecting rod (16) near the drill rod (3) is slidably connected to a telescopic rod (15). The end of the telescopic rod (15) near the drill rod (3) is engaged and rotatably connected to a ball bearing (13).

7. An adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig according to claim 6, characterized in that: A compression spring (17) is fixedly connected to the end face of the connecting rod (16) near the telescopic rod (15), and the end of the compression spring (17) away from the connecting rod (16) is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (15).

8. An adjustable pile drilling guide device adapted to a rotary drilling rig according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the telescopic rod (15) is rotatably connected to a slider (18), and the lower surface of the opening groove (20) is inclined to provide a guide groove (19), and the slider (18) is slidably connected to the guide groove (19).

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