Red-blue combined coaxial laser device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of red blue coaxial laser device, including infrared light laser, N blue light laser and beam combiner, infrared light laser is connected with beam combiner by infrared light transmission optical fiber, N blue light laser is connected with beam combiner by N blue light transmission optical fiber respectively;Beam combiner includes first incident optical fiber, N second incident optical fiber and coaxial composite optical fiber, the core of first incident optical fiber is connected with coaxial composite optical fiber, N second incident optical fiber is connected with the outer cladding of coaxial composite optical fiber;Infrared light transmission optical fiber is connected with first incident optical fiber, N blue light transmission optical fiber is connected with N second incident optical fiber one-to-one corresponding;N is the integer greater than or equal to 1.The utility model provides a kind of red blue coaxial laser device, can realize the coaxial output of blue light and infrared light, transmission energy is high, improve processing effect, and simple structure, small size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser device technology, specifically relating to a red-blue composite coaxial laser device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of laser processing and manufacturing technology and the increasing market demand in application fields, the use of laser powder bed fusion forming (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) technology, which uses a finely focused laser spot to directly melt 53-micron powder to achieve metallurgical bonding, has placed higher demands on processing accuracy and surface quality. In particular, with the application of laser additive manufacturing of high-reflectivity materials for parts, the processing technology has put forward new requirements for equipment performance.

[0003] Existing commercial welding and forming equipment generally uses 1064nm infrared lasers as the processing light source. However, highly reflective materials such as gold, silver, and copper have very high reflectivity to this wavelength of laser light, making it difficult for powder materials to obtain sufficient input energy. During the forming process, the laser cannot continuously melt the metal powder material, leading to defects such as pores and severely affecting the overall performance of the processed parts. Furthermore, when using infrared lasers as an energy source, high laser power and low scanning speed are usually used to ensure sufficient input energy, resulting in low forming efficiency, increased manufacturing costs, and energy waste. Simultaneously, after focusing, the infrared laser spot diameter is approximately 50 micrometers. During the forming process, the heat-affected zone caused by the spot is relatively large, causing powder adhesion to the surface of the processed parts, affecting forming accuracy and surface roughness. Compared to infrared lasers, highly reflective materials such as gold, silver, and copper have significantly improved absorption rates for short-wavelength lasers. For example, pure copper's absorption rate of 450nm blue light increases to 65%. This high absorption rate allows for uniform heating of the material, resulting in a stable molten pool, which in turn manifests as a significant improvement in processing quality. Meanwhile, in existing blue laser welding experiments, regardless of the surface condition of the copper, blue lasers improve the stability of the molten pool, produce smooth, spatter-free welds, and maintain good conductivity. Furthermore, the increased absorption significantly reduces energy consumption. Therefore, additive manufacturing using a combination of blue and infrared lasers is a significant method that solves the challenges of additive manufacturing highly reflective materials such as gold, pure silver, and others.

[0004] In patent application CN114012111A, entitled "A Blue Light and Infrared Dual-Wavelength Coaxial Composite Laser Additive Manufacturing Device and Method," two laser light sources of different wavelengths, blue light and infrared light, are used. After collimation and focusing, the two wavelength beams are transmitted in spatial light. Then, a beam combiner is used to combine the two wavelength beams, and the process is performed using a scanning galvanometer. In patent application CN115570267A, entitled "A Blue Laser-Infrared Laser Composite Welding Device and Method Based on Powder Materials," a blue laser and an infrared laser are used. The two wavelength laser beams are collimated by a collimation module and then transmitted into a beam combiner module. After combining the two wavelength beams, they enter a focusing module to achieve coaxial system processing. The two technical solutions mentioned above can only ensure that the two wavelength beams are combined in space through the beam combining device, but cannot guarantee that the two wavelength beams are truly concentric and coaxial. This leads to problems such as deviations in the focusing position of laser spots of different wavelengths. Because the laser beams are transmitted on different axes, the energy distribution is also uneven, resulting in increased losses, reduced efficiency, and the inability to achieve high-precision welding and processing effects, which seriously affects the overall performance of the processed parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a red-blue composite coaxial laser device that can realize coaxial output of blue light and infrared light, with high transmission energy, improved processing effect, and simple structure and small size.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this utility model provide a red-blue composite coaxial laser device, comprising an infrared laser, N blue lasers, and a beam combiner. The infrared laser is connected to the beam combiner via an infrared light transmission fiber, and the N blue lasers are each connected to the beam combiner via N blue light transmission fibers. The beam combiner includes a first incident fiber, N second incident fibers, and a coaxial composite fiber. The first incident fiber is connected to the core of the coaxial composite fiber, and the N second incident fibers are connected to the cladding of the coaxial composite fiber. The infrared light transmission fiber is connected to the first incident fiber, and the N blue light transmission fibers are connected one-to-one with the N second incident fibers. N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model embodiment, the core diameter of the coaxial composite optical fiber is 20 micrometers.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model embodiment, the thickness of the outer cladding of the coaxial composite optical fiber is 200, 400, 600, 800 or 1000 micrometers.

[0009] As a further improvement to this embodiment of the present invention, N is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model embodiment, the output power of the infrared laser is 10 to 10000W.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model embodiment, the output power of the blue laser is 10-3000W.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model embodiment, the N second incident optical fibers are evenly distributed around the first incident optical fiber.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model embodiment, the end face of the blue light transmission optical fiber is coated with a blue light anti-reflection film.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model embodiment, the end face of the infrared light transmission optical fiber is coated with an infrared light anti-reflection film.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model embodiment, it also includes a controller, which is connected to the infrared laser and the blue laser.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects: This utility model provides a red-blue composite coaxial laser device that combines infrared light emitted by an infrared laser and blue light emitted by a blue laser through a coaxial composite optical fiber and outputs them coaxially. The blue light can improve the absorption rate of the material to the laser and reduce the laser power loss. At the same time, the infrared light is used to improve the processing efficiency. By obtaining a beam with a smaller focused spot diameter, it can be used for high-precision processing of highly reflective metals, achieving high-precision and deep-penetration processing effects and reducing processing defects. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the beam combiner.

[0018] The diagram includes: infrared laser 1, blue laser 2, beam combiner 3, first incident fiber 31, second incident fiber 32, coaxial composite fiber 33, fiber core 331, outer cladding 332, infrared transmission fiber 4, blue transmission fiber 5, controller 6, laser processing device 7, and workpiece to be processed 8. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] This utility model provides a red-blue composite coaxial laser device, such as... Figure 1As shown, the assembly includes an infrared laser 1, N blue lasers 2, and a beam combiner 3. The infrared laser 1 is connected to one end of the beam combiner 3 via an infrared light transmission fiber 4, and the N blue lasers 2 are each connected to one end of the beam combiner 3 via N blue light transmission fibers 5. Figure 2 As shown, the combiner 3 includes a first incident fiber 31, N second incident fibers 32, and a coaxial composite fiber 33. The coaxial composite fiber 33 includes a core 331 surrounded by an outer cladding 332. The first incident fiber 31 is connected to the core 331 at one end of the coaxial composite fiber, and the N second incident fibers 32 are connected to the outer cladding 332 at the same end of the coaxial composite fiber. An infrared light transmission fiber 4 is connected to the first incident fiber 31, and the N blue light transmission fibers 5 are connected one-to-one with the N second incident fibers 32. The other end of the combiner 3 is connected to a laser processing device 7, which is used to process the workpiece 8 using a laser.

[0021] Preferably, the output power of the infrared laser 1 is 10–10000W, and the output power of the blue laser 2 is 10–3000W.

[0022] The infrared laser 1 can be a 10 kW continuous fiber laser source, model YLS-10000-U, from IPG Industries, USA, with adjustable output power and a maximum output power of 10000W; or a fiber laser, model YLS-2000-SM-WC, from IPG Industries, USA, with a maximum output power of 2000W; or a fiber laser, model YLR-3000-UK, from IPG Industries, USA, with a maximum output power of 3000W. The blue laser 2 can be a blue semiconductor laser of model SLDLM-0450A-3000042-AA from Jiangsu Xilis Laser Photonics Technology Co., Ltd., with adjustable output power and a maximum output power of 3000W; or a blue semiconductor laser of model SLDLM-0450A-0800022-AA from Jiangsu Xilis Laser Photonics Technology Co., Ltd., with a maximum output power of 800W; or a blue semiconductor laser of model SLDLM-0450-0600022-AA from Jiangsu Xilis Laser Photonics Technology Co., Ltd., with a maximum output power of 600W.

[0023] N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Preferably, N is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. The specific number of blue lasers is determined according to the processing requirements. For example, when welding two T2 copper seams with a thickness of 1-3mm, four 600W blue lasers and one 2000W infrared laser are used. When welding a single 4mm thick T2 copper and 304 stainless steel seam, six 800W blue lasers and one 3000W infrared laser are used.

[0024] In the above embodiment, infrared laser 1 emits infrared light, which sequentially passes through infrared light transmission fiber 4 and first incident fiber 31 to reach the core 331 of coaxial composite fiber 33, and propagates axially along the coaxial composite fiber 33 within the core 331. Six blue lasers 2 emit blue light, which sequentially passes through blue light transmission fiber 5 and second incident fiber 32 to reach the outer cladding 332 of coaxial composite fiber 33, diffuses circumferentially within the outer cladding 332, and propagates axially along the coaxial composite fiber 33. Thus, in the radial direction of coaxial composite fiber 33, blue light is located on the outer ring, and infrared light is located in the center, achieving coaxial output of blue and infrared light.

[0025] Preferably, the core 331 of the coaxial composite fiber 33 has a diameter of 20 micrometers. The thickness of the outer cladding 332 of the coaxial composite fiber 33 is 200, 400, 600, 800, or 1000 micrometers. If an 800W blue laser is used, a coaxial composite fiber 33 with an outer cladding 332 thickness of 200 micrometers will produce the best processing results. Alternatively, coaxial composite fibers 33 with an outer cladding 332 thickness of 400, 6000, 800, or 1000 micrometers can also be used.

[0026] Preferably, N second incident optical fibers 32 are evenly distributed around the first incident optical fiber 31, that is, the second incident optical fibers 32 are evenly connected around the outer cladding of the coaxial composite optical fiber. When blue light reaches the coaxial composite optical fiber along the second incident optical fibers 32, it enters the outer cladding of the coaxial composite optical fiber evenly.

[0027] Preferably, the end face of the blue light transmission fiber 5 is coated with a blue light anti-reflection film to increase the output transmittance of blue light.

[0028] Preferably, the end face of the infrared light transmission fiber 4 is coated with an infrared light anti-reflection film to increase the output transmittance of infrared light.

[0029] Preferably, the red-blue composite coaxial laser device in this embodiment further includes a controller 6, which is connected to the infrared laser 1 and the blue laser 2. The controller 6 is used to control the turning on and off of the infrared laser 1 and the blue laser 2.

[0030] When welding copper materials using the red-blue composite coaxial laser device described in the above embodiment, the output end of the coaxial composite fiber is connected to the welding head via a QBH fiber optic connector. The output beam of the coaxial composite fiber consists of an inner ring of infrared light and an outer ring of blue light. The combined beam is shaped and focused inside the welding head, with the focal point located on the upper surface of the material. The controller first activates the blue laser at 800 watts, and after approximately 30 milliseconds, activates the infrared laser at 2000 watts. Since copper has a high absorption rate of blue light, the blue light irradiates the copper surface, preheating and expanding the molten pool. Then, the infrared light welds the material according to the designed welding path. The two focused beams are coaxial and in the same position, ensuring no deviation between the preheating and processing positions. The blue light preheating expands the molten pool, increasing the copper's absorption rate of infrared light, thereby improving welding efficiency and increasing the penetration depth by 1.6 times. Compared to welding copper with pure infrared light, the welding speed is increased by 3 to 4 times to achieve the same penetration depth.

[0031] The red-blue composite coaxial laser device described in the above embodiment combines the infrared light emitted by an infrared laser and the blue light emitted by a blue laser through a coaxial composite optical fiber, and outputs them coaxially, achieving coaxial processing of the central infrared light and the outer ring blue light. Blue light preheats and expands the molten pool, while infrared light melts and processes the material, ensuring no deviation between the preheating and processing positions. This reduces the power of the infrared laser required for processing the same material, resulting in a spatter-free process, a pore-free processing area, and a small heat-affected zone—comparable to current infrared welding methods. Furthermore, the red-blue composite coaxial laser device in this embodiment has a simple structure, small size, high transmission energy, and allows for separate control of the parameters of the infrared and blue lasers, achieving high-precision, deep-penetration processing and reducing processing defects.

[0032] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A red-blue composite coaxial laser device, characterized in that, The device includes an infrared laser (1), N blue lasers (2), and a beam combiner (3). The infrared laser (1) is connected to the beam combiner (3) through an infrared light transmission fiber (4), and the N blue lasers (2) are connected to the beam combiner (3) through N blue light transmission fibers (5). The beam combiner (3) includes a first incident fiber (31), N second incident fibers (32), and a coaxial composite fiber (33). The first incident fiber (31) is connected to the core (331) of the coaxial composite fiber, and the N second incident fibers (32) are connected to the outer cladding (332) of the coaxial composite fiber. The infrared light transmission fiber (4) is connected to the first incident fiber (31), and the N blue light transmission fibers (5) are connected to the N second incident fibers (32) in a one-to-one correspondence; N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

2. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core (331) of the coaxial composite optical fiber (33) has a diameter of 20 micrometers.

3. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the outer cladding (332) of the coaxial composite optical fiber (33) is 200, 400, 600, 800 or 1000 micrometers.

4. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The N is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

5. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output power of the infrared laser (1) is 10 to 10000W.

6. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output power of the blue laser (2) is 10 to 3000W.

7. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The N second incident optical fibers are evenly distributed around the first incident optical fiber.

8. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the blue light transmission fiber (5) is coated with a blue light anti-reflection film.

9. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the infrared light transmission fiber (4) is coated with an infrared light anti-reflection film.

10. The red-blue composite coaxial laser device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a controller (6), which is connected to an infrared laser (1) and a blue laser (2).

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