Photovoltaic module, energy storage robot and energy storage system

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic module, an energy storage robot and an energy storage system. It relates to the technical field of robot self-maintenance. The photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic component, a first protective layer, an electrode and a driving unit. The photovoltaic component comprises a light-receiving surface, and is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy. The first protective layer covers at least the light-receiving surface, and a first gap exists between the first protective layer and the light-receiving surface. The electrode is arranged in the first gap, and is configured to periodically enter a power-on state or a power-off state. In the power-on state, the electrode adsorbs dust on the first protective layer, and in the power-off state, the electrode releases the dust on the first protective layer. The driving unit is arranged in the first gap, is connected with the electrode, and is configured to drive the electrode to move in the first gap, so as to drive the dust on the first protective layer to move to a preset position of the first protective layer. The application can improve the charging efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of robot self-maintenance technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module, an energy storage robot, and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage robots are energy storage devices that achieve photoelectric conversion through photovoltaic modules and autonomous movement through mobile components. They can meet various application scenarios for users, both indoors and outdoors, such as dynamic energy management, outdoor camping, emergency disaster relief, and microgrid support. During the use of energy storage robots, the photovoltaic modules on the robot may be blocked by dust on the light-receiving surface, which will reduce the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the robot. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a photovoltaic element, a first protective layer, an electrode, and a driving unit. The photovoltaic element includes a light-receiving surface and is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy. The first protective layer at least covers the light-receiving surface, and a first gap exists between the first protective layer and the light-receiving surface. The electrode is disposed within the first gap and is configured to periodically enter an energized state or an de-energized state. In the energized state, the electrode adsorbs dust on the first protective layer, and in the de-energized state, the electrode releases the adsorbed dust. The driving unit is disposed within the first gap, connected to the electrode, and configured to drive the electrode to move within the first gap, thereby moving the dust on the first protective layer to a preset position on the first protective layer.

[0004] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic element further includes a non-light-receiving surface connected to the light-receiving surface, and the photovoltaic module further includes a second protective layer covering the non-light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic element, with a second gap between the second protective layer and the non-light-receiving surface; the driving unit is configured to drive the electrode to move to the second gap, and when the electrode is within the second gap, the electrode is configured to enter the power-off state.

[0005] In some embodiments, a protective layer angle is formed between the second protective layer and the first protective layer, and the protective layer angle is within a preset range; the second protective layer is a hydrophobic layer.

[0006] In some embodiments, the second protective layer is connected to the first protective layer and has a connecting edge. The photovoltaic module further includes a dust guide, which is disposed on the outer side of the sidewall of the second protective layer. The dust guide has a guide groove configured to receive at least the dust that detaches from the first protective layer. The extending direction of the guide groove intersects the connecting edge, and the size of the projection of the guide groove onto the top surface of the first protective layer is greater than or equal to the size of the connecting edge. An opening is provided at one end of the guide groove away from the first protective layer for transferring the dust in the guide groove to a predetermined position.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first protective layer includes a first side and a second side facing away from each other, the first side being closer to the light-receiving surface than the second side. The first side has a first guide groove extending in a first direction and a second guide groove extending in a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being intersected. The electrode includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode being at least partially housed in the first guide groove, and the second electrode being at least partially housed in the second guide groove. The preset position includes a first preset position in the first direction and a second preset position in the second direction. The driving unit includes a first motor and a second motor, the first motor being connected to the first electrode and configured to drive the first electrode to move in the first guide groove to reach the first preset position, and the second motor being connected to the second electrode and configured to drive the second electrode to move in the second guide groove to reach the second preset position.

[0008] In some embodiments, the electrode is a flexible conductive film disposed at any edge of the first gap. The flexible conductive film is switchable between an unfolded state and a wound state. In the unfolded state, the maximum unfolded area of ​​the flexible conductive film covers the first protective layer. In the wound state, the area of ​​the flexible conductive film is minimized. The driving unit includes a third motor and a reel connected to the output shaft of the third motor. One end of the flexible conductive film is connected to the reel. When the flexible conductive film is conductive, the third motor is configured to first drive the reel to rotate in a first rotation direction to move the flexible conductive film to the unfolded state, and then drive the reel to rotate in a second rotation direction to move the flexible conductive film back to the wound state. The first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, a cleaning element is provided at the edge of the first protective layer, the cleaning element being configured to move periodically along the edge of the first protective layer to sweep the dust to the outside of the photovoltaic module.

[0010] This application also provides an energy storage robot, which includes a body and a photovoltaic module as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the photovoltaic module is disposed on the body.

[0011] In some embodiments, the energy storage robot further includes a dust collection box disposed on the robot body. The dust collection box has a dust collection port and a dust collection chamber. The dust collection chamber is connected to the outside through the dust collection port, and the dust collection port is connected to the opening of the dust guide component of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] This application also provides an energy storage system, which includes a photovoltaic module as described in any one of the above embodiments, an energy storage robot as described in any one of the above embodiments, and a charging pile, wherein the charging pile is configured to provide power to the energy storage robot.

[0013] The photovoltaic module according to this application includes a photovoltaic element, a first protective layer, electrodes, and a driving unit. The photovoltaic element includes a light-receiving surface and is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy. The first protective layer at least covers the light-receiving surface, and a first gap exists between the first protective layer and the light-receiving surface. The electrodes and the driving unit are housed in the first gap between the photovoltaic element and the first protective layer. The electrodes are configured to periodically enter an energized state or an de-energized state. In the energized state, the electrodes can electrostatically adsorb dust on the first protective layer of the photovoltaic module; in the de-energized state, the electrodes release the adsorbed dust from the first protective layer. The electrodes are also connected to the driving unit, which can drive the electrodes to move in multiple directions within the first gap. After the electrodes have completed dust adsorption, the driving unit can drive the electrodes in the energized state to move to the edge of the photovoltaic module, thereby concentrating and moving the dust covering the surface of the photovoltaic module to the edge position, increasing the light-receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic module and improving the charging efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0014] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage robot according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first protective layer in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first protective layer in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dust guide component according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection box and dust guiding component according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system according to some embodiments of this application.

[0016] Explanation of key component symbols: Energy storage system 1000; 100 energy storage robots; Photovoltaic module 20; photovoltaic element 21; light-receiving surface 211; non-light-receiving surface 212; first protective layer 22; first surface 221; first guide groove 2211; second guide groove 2212; second surface 222; cleaning element 223; first gap 23; electrode (flexible conductive film) 24; first electrode 241; second electrode 242; drive unit 25; first motor 251; second motor 252; reel 253; third motor 254; second protective layer 26; connecting edge 261; second gap 27; dust guide element 28; guide groove 281; opening 2811; Body 30; Dust collection box 40; dust collection port 41; dust collection chamber 42; Battery module 50; Positioning module 60; Mobile component 70; Charging station 300. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0018] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0019] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] Energy storage robots are multi-purpose devices that integrate advanced functions, utilizing photovoltaic modules for photoelectric conversion and mobile components for autonomous movement. Specifically, one of the core capabilities of an energy storage robot is its ability to convert light energy into electricity using photovoltaic modules mounted on its body. This conversion leverages the physical properties of specific semiconductor materials (the core of photovoltaic modules) to capture and effectively convert the energy of light into electrical energy that can be stored and used. Meanwhile, a significant advantage of energy storage robots compared to stationary energy storage devices lies in the autonomous movement capabilities granted by their built-in mobile components. These components include drive wheels, a steering system, and corresponding power sources and control units. The various parts of the mobile components work together to ensure that the energy storage robot can freely change its position within a certain space (whether in a spacious outdoor environment or a relatively confined indoor space) according to preset programs or received instructions. This autonomous movement capability greatly expands the application boundaries and flexibility of energy storage robots. Energy storage robots no longer need to rely on manual handling or waiting in fixed locations; instead, they can proactively approach energy points for charging (e.g., chasing sunlight to maximize sunlight exposure) or proactively approach users or equipment requiring energy to provide service. Because it possesses both photovoltaic power generation (photovoltaic conversion) and autonomous mobility, energy storage robots exhibit strong adaptability, seamlessly meeting users' application needs in diverse environments and with varying demands. For example, in dynamic energy management scenarios, the energy storage robot, leveraging its mobility, proactively moves to locations most in need of power to discharge (such as temporarily powering high-load equipment in office areas), or moves to optimally lit locations to recharge when sunlight is abundant, achieving flexible scheduling and optimized allocation of energy in both time and space. In the popular outdoor camping setting, where users are far from the power grid, the energy storage robot becomes an ideal portable energy center. During the day, it can be placed outside the tent to fully bask in sunlight for charging, converting solar energy into electrical energy for storage. At night or when needed, it can be moved inside the tent or next to the camping table, directly providing stable and reliable power to various portable electronic devices (phones, tablets, lights, small fans, even camping refrigerators), camping cookware, and even medical equipment, significantly improving the comfort and convenience of outdoor living. When faced with sudden emergency disaster relief challenges, traditional power facilities may suffer severe damage. At this time, energy storage robots with mobility and the ability to generate electricity from local materials (using sunlight) can penetrate into the core areas where power is difficult to restore quickly after a disaster. They can provide continuous power to several walkie-talkies to ensure uninterrupted communication, provide power to the lighting equipment of rescuers for nighttime search and rescue, provide emergency backup power to medical equipment (such as vital sign monitors and small ventilators) at the on-site resettlement site, and even provide power to a small area of ​​temporary emergency lighting or communication relay points.Furthermore, energy storage robots can also play an important role in building a more resilient and flexible microgrid system: they are equivalent to a flexibly deployable and mobile distributed energy storage unit that can move to weak points in the microgrid where the load suddenly increases to provide immediate power support to stabilize the voltage, or smooth out and fill the peaks and valleys when the output of distributed renewable energy (such as another small wind turbine or photovoltaic panel) fluctuates, thereby enhancing the stability and power supply reliability of the entire local microgrid, effectively reducing the pressure on the main grid or serving as a temporary backup power source when the main grid fails.

[0023] However, in actual use of energy storage robots, the light-receiving surfaces of photovoltaic modules exposed to the external environment (especially outdoors) are easily blocked and covered by ubiquitous natural substances such as dust, dirt, bird droppings, fallen leaves, and even rain and snow. This physical obstruction severely affects or even blocks light from penetrating to the surface of the photovoltaic cells. When the light-receiving surface is blocked by dust and other debris, it is equivalent to setting up an obstacle at the entrance of photoelectric conversion, and the number of effective photons that can successfully reach the surface of the cells will decrease significantly. Therefore, during the use of energy storage robots, how to effectively clean various types of dust from the surface of the photovoltaic components of the energy storage robot to reduce the obstruction of the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module and improve the photovoltaic charging efficiency of the energy storage robot has become a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. To solve these problems, this application provides a photovoltaic module 20, an energy storage robot 100, and an energy storage system 1000.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The photovoltaic module 20 of this application includes a photovoltaic element 21, a first protective layer 22, an electrode 24, and a driving unit 25. The photovoltaic element 21 includes a light-receiving surface 211 and is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy. The first protective layer 22 at least covers the light-receiving surface 211, and a first gap 23 exists between the first protective layer 22 and the light-receiving surface 211. The electrode 24 is disposed within the first gap 23 and is configured to periodically enter an energized state or an de-energized state. In the energized state, the electrode 24 adsorbs dust on the first protective layer 22, and in the de-energized state, the electrode 24 releases the adsorbed dust on the first protective layer 22. The driving unit 25 is disposed within the first gap 23, connected to the electrode 24, and configured to drive the electrode 24 to move within the first gap 23, thereby moving the dust on the first protective layer 22 to a preset position on the first protective layer 22.

[0025] Specifically, the photovoltaic module 20 is an integrated photoelectric conversion device. It is composed of a photovoltaic element 21, a first protective layer 22, an electrode 24, and a driving unit 25. Through the cooperation of the electrode 24 and the driving unit 25, dust on the surface of the first protective layer 22 is actively removed, thereby maintaining high-efficiency power generation. The core function of the photovoltaic module 20 is to convert light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic element 21, and to achieve the concentrated transfer of dust from the light-receiving surface 211 to a preset position (which can be the edge of the first protective layer 22 or a position on the first protective layer 22 corresponding to the driving unit 25) by switching the on / off state of the electrode 24 and controlling the movement of the driving unit 25.

[0026] Furthermore, the photovoltaic element 21 is the core power generation unit of the photovoltaic module 20. The light-receiving surface 211 of the photovoltaic element 21 directly receives light, generates current through the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor material, and transmits the current to other components of the energy storage robot 100. The light-receiving surface 211 of the photovoltaic element 21 needs to be exposed to the sunlight to the maximum extent possible in order to maximize the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, the first protective layer 22 is a protective layer covering the outside of the light-receiving surface 211 of the photovoltaic element 21. The first protective layer 22 is transparent, and a physical isolation gap, namely the first gap 23, is formed between the first protective layer 22 and the light-receiving surface 211, thereby providing operating space and housing space for the electrode 24 used for dust removal and the drive unit 25. The first protective layer 22 can prevent physical scratches and environmental corrosion.

[0028] Furthermore, electrode 24 is a conductive element disposed within the first gap 23. Electrode 24 periodically switches between an energized and de-energized state to achieve the adsorption and control of dust on the surface of the first protective layer 22. In the energized state, electrode 24 generates electrostatic force or an electromagnetic field, which attracts dust from the first protective layer 22 to a position close to electrode 24. In the de-energized state, the electrostatic force or electromagnetic field on electrode 24 disappears, ceasing the adsorption of dust from the first protective layer 22. For example, please refer to... Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a view of the side of the first protective layer 22 closest to the photovoltaic element 21 (i.e., the first surface 221) (the view direction is from the photovoltaic element 21 towards the first protective layer 22). Figure 3 For example, Figure 3There are four grooves in total: two horizontal grooves and two vertical grooves. Each groove corresponds to an electrode 24, which can move along the groove under the drive of the drive unit 25. During the movement of the electrode 24, the electrode 24 is in an energized state. When the electrode 24 passes the first protective layer 22, it will attract dust near the groove. When the electrode 24 moves to a preset position, such as the edge of the first protective layer 22, the electrode 24 can enter an de-energized state, thereby leaving the dust at the edge of the first protective layer 22 and preventing dust from accumulating in other positions of the first protective layer 22. This reduces the obstruction of the light-receiving surface 211 by dust and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, the drive unit 25 is a mechanical transmission unit integrated within the first gap 23. The drive unit 25 is directly connected to the electrode 24 to drive the electrode 24 to move in a directional manner within the first gap 23, guiding the dust to migrate to a preset position.

[0030] Furthermore, the light-receiving surface 211 is the functional surface area of ​​the photovoltaic component 21 that is directly exposed to the light source, and it is the core interface for converting light energy into electrical energy. Through the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor material, the light-receiving surface 211 converts incident photons into electrons, generating an electric current. The surface cleanliness of the light-receiving surface 211 directly affects the light absorption efficiency (i.e., photoelectric conversion efficiency).

[0031] Furthermore, the first gap 23 is a sealed physical isolation space between the light-receiving surface 211 of the photovoltaic element 21 and the first protective layer 22, providing an operating environment and housing space for the dynamic dust removal mechanism (drive unit 25 and electrode 24).

[0032] It is understood that this application provides a photovoltaic module 20, which includes a photovoltaic element 21, a first protective layer 22, an electrode 24, and a driving unit 25. The photovoltaic element 21 includes a light-receiving surface 211 and is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy. The first protective layer 22 at least covers the light-receiving surface 211, and a first gap 23 exists between the first protective layer 22 and the light-receiving surface 211. The electrode 24 and the driving unit 25 are housed in the first gap 23 between the photovoltaic element 21 and the first protective layer 22. The electrode 24 is configured to periodically enter an energized state or an de-energized state. In the energized state, the electrode 24 can electrostatically adsorb dust on the first protective layer 22 of the photovoltaic module 20. In the de-energized state, the electrode 24 releases the adsorbed dust on the first protective layer 22. Electrode 24 is also connected to drive unit 25. Drive unit 25 can drive electrode 24 to move in multiple directions within the first gap 23. After electrode 24 completes dust adsorption, drive unit 25 can drive electrode 24 in the energized state to move to the edge of photovoltaic module 20, thereby concentrating the dust covering the surface of photovoltaic module 20 and moving it to the edge of photovoltaic module 20, so as to increase the light-receiving area of ​​photovoltaic module 20 and improve the charging efficiency of photovoltaic module 20.

[0033] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 The photovoltaic element 21 also includes a non-light-receiving surface 212 connected to the light-receiving surface 211. The photovoltaic module 20 also includes a second protective layer 26, which covers the non-light-receiving surface 212 of the photovoltaic element 21. A second gap 27 exists between the second protective layer 26 and the non-light-receiving surface 212. The driving unit 25 is configured to drive the electrode 24 to move to the second gap 27. When the electrode 24 is within the second gap 27, the electrode 24 is configured to enter a power-off state.

[0034] Specifically, the non-light-receiving surface 212 is the physical surface of the photovoltaic element 21 that faces away from the light source and does not participate in photoelectric conversion. The non-light-receiving surface 212 and the light-receiving surface 211 together constitute the surface structure of the complete photovoltaic element 21. The non-light-receiving surface 212 only provides mechanical support and environmental isolation for other components and does not absorb light energy or generate current.

[0035] Furthermore, the second protective layer 26 is a protective structure covering the outside of the non-light-receiving surface 212 of the photovoltaic element 21, forming a sealed second gap 27 between the second protective layer 26 and the non-light-receiving surface 212 of the photovoltaic element 21. The second gap 27 is a physical isolation space between the non-light-receiving surface 212 of the photovoltaic element 21 and the second protective layer 26, and can serve as a buffer zone for the movement of the electrode 24 and the drive unit 25. (See also...) Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 , Figure 3Alternatively, it can be a view of the second protective layer 26 near the photovoltaic element 21 (viewing from the photovoltaic element 21 towards the second protective layer 26), so as to Figure 3 For example, Figure 3 There are four grooves in total: two horizontal grooves and two vertical grooves. Each groove corresponds to an electrode 24, which can move along the groove under the drive of the drive unit 25. During the movement of the electrode 24, the electrode 24 is in an energized state. When the electrode 24 passes through the first protective layer 22, it will attract dust near the groove. When the electrode 24 is set in a preset position on the second protective layer 26, for example, when the drive unit 25 can drive the electrode 24 to move to one side of the second protective layer 26, the electrode 24 can enter an de-energized state, so that the dust will fall off the surface of the second protective layer 26 under the action of gravity, reducing the obstruction of the light-receiving surface 211 by dust and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0036] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 5 The second protective layer 26 and the first protective layer 22 form a protective layer angle α, which is located within a preset protective layer angle range; the second protective layer 26 is a hydrophobic layer.

[0037] Specifically, the included angle of the protective layer is the structural tilt angle formed between the first protective layer 22 and the second protective layer 26. The value of the included angle of the protective layer needs to be strictly controlled within the preset included angle range (which can be set by relevant personnel, for example, 90°~150°) to ensure that the dust on the second protective layer 26 can fall off by itself under the action of gravity, and to prevent dust from accumulating on the second protective layer 26.

[0038] Furthermore, the second protective layer 26 can be a hydrophobic layer, that is, a transparent protective layer with a hydrophobic coating covering the outer surface (the surface away from the photovoltaic element 21). The surface of the hydrophobic layer will not adhere to liquids, thereby significantly reducing the adhesion between liquids and dust, making it easier for dust to fall off under the action of gravity.

[0039] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 The second protective layer 26 is connected to the first protective layer 22 and has a connecting edge 261. The photovoltaic module 20 also includes a dust guide 28, which is disposed on the outer side of the sidewall of the second protective layer 26. The dust guide 28 has a guide groove 281, which is configured to receive at least the dust that has detached from the first protective layer 22. The extending direction of the guide groove 281 intersects the connecting edge 261, and the size of the projection of the guide groove 281 on the top surface of the first protective layer 22 is greater than or equal to the size of the connecting edge 261. The end of the guide groove 281 away from the first protective layer 22 has an opening 2811, which is used to transfer the dust in the guide groove 281 to a predetermined position.

[0040] Specifically, the dust guide 28 is a directional dust conveying structure fixed to the outer side wall of the second protective layer 26. The dust guide 28 receives and transfers the dust stripped from the dust removal system through the guide groove 281, realizing path control of dust from the component surface to the external dust collection point. The dust guide 28 can guide the dust to a predetermined location (e.g., to the ground), avoiding dust contamination of other components of the energy storage robot 100 and improving the service life of the energy storage robot 100.

[0041] Furthermore, the guide groove 281 is a linear groove channel designed inside the dust guide component 28. The guide groove 281 is used to receive and guide dust to slide to the opening 2811. The opening 2811 is a dust discharge port provided at the end of the guide groove 281. The dust is transferred to an external dust collection point (such as the dust collection box 40 of the energy storage robot 100 or the external environment) through the opening 2811. The length of the dust guide component 28 can also be appropriately set by relevant personnel to prevent dust from falling onto other parts of the energy storage robot 100 and to prevent dust from entering the energy storage robot 100 and shortening its lifespan.

[0042] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The first protective layer 22 includes a first surface 221 and a second surface 222 facing away from each other. The first surface 221 is closer to the light-receiving surface 211 than the second surface 222. The first surface 221 is provided with a first guide groove 2211 extending in a first direction and a second guide groove 2212 extending in a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are intersected. The electrode 24 includes a first electrode 241 and a second electrode 242. The first electrode 241 is at least partially housed in the first guide groove 2211, and the second electrode 242 is at least partially housed in the second guide groove 2212. The preset position includes a first preset position in the first direction and a second preset position in the second direction. The driving unit 25 includes a first motor 251 and a second motor 252. The first motor 251 is connected to the first electrode 241 and is configured to drive the first electrode 241 to move in the first guide groove 2211 to reach the first preset position. The second motor 252 is connected to the second electrode 242 and is configured to drive the second electrode 242 to move in the second guide groove 2212 to reach the second preset position.

[0043] Specifically, the first surface 221 is the inner surface of the first protective layer 22 near the light-receiving surface 211, and the first surface 221 is provided with a guide groove structure for bidirectional dust removal. The second surface 222 is the outer surface of the first protective layer 22 exposed to the external environment, and the second surface 222 directly receives external dust. The first surface 221 and the second surface 222 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0044] Furthermore, the first guide groove 2211 is along a first direction (e.g., Figure 3A groove extending in the direction shown by the X-axis (as indicated by the X-axis) is provided, and a first guide groove 2211 is disposed on the first surface 221. The first guide groove 2211 is used to constrain the movement path of the first electrode 241 and guide dust to a first preset position (such as...). Figure 3 The bottom edge) migrates. The second guide groove 2212 is along the second direction (such as...). Figure 3 A groove extending in the direction indicated by the Y-axis is provided, and a second guide groove 2212 is disposed on the first surface 221. The second guide groove 2212 is used to constrain the movement path of the second electrode 242 and guide the dust to a second preset position (e.g., as shown in the Y-axis direction). Figure 3 (The left edge) migrates.

[0045] Furthermore, the first electrode 241 is a conductor housed within the first guide groove 2211, and is connected to the first motor 251. The first electrode 241 is used to attract dust above the first guide groove 2211 when energized, and to collect the dust to a first preset position. The second electrode 242 is a conductor housed within the second guide groove 2212, and is connected to the second motor 252. The second electrode 242 is used to attract dust above the second guide groove 2212 when energized, and to collect the dust to a second preset position.

[0046] Furthermore, the first motor 251 is a drive motor connected to the first electrode 241. The first motor 251 is used to drive the first electrode 241 to move within the first guide groove 2211 to a first preset position, thereby completing the directional dust conveying to the first preset position. The second motor 252 is a drive motor connected to the second electrode 242. The second motor 252 is used to drive the second electrode 242 to move within the second guide groove 2212 to a second preset position, thereby completing the directional dust conveying to the second preset position.

[0047] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 Electrode 24 is a flexible conductive film, which is disposed at any edge of the first gap 23. The flexible conductive film can switch between an unfolded state and a wound state. In the unfolded state, the maximum unfolded area of ​​the flexible conductive film covers the first protective layer 22. In the wound state, the area of ​​the flexible conductive film is retracted to the minimum. The drive unit 25 includes a third motor 254 and a reel 253 connected to the output shaft of the third motor 254. One end of the flexible conductive film is connected to the reel 253. When the flexible conductive film is conductive, the third motor 254 is configured to first drive the reel 253 to rotate in a first rotation direction to move the flexible conductive film to the unfolded state, and then drive the reel 253 to rotate in a second rotation direction to retract the flexible conductive film to the wound state. The first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction.

[0048] Specifically, the flexible conductive film is a rollable thin-film electrode material. The flexible conductive film, as the electrode 24, is disposed at any edge of the first gap 23. By switching its shape (between an unfolded state and a rolled-up state), it enables the adsorption and movement of dust over the entire light-receiving surface 211. For example, please refer to... Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 When the flexible conductive film is not in use, it can be set as... Figure 8 The image shows the wound state, where the flexible conductive film's unfolded area is at its minimum. When the flexible conductive film is in use, the third motor 254 and the reel 253 connected to the output shaft of the third motor 254 drive the flexible conductive film to unfold until its unfolded area reaches its maximum. Figure 9 In the state shown, the energized flexible conductive film can adsorb dust from the entire first protective layer 22. Then, the third motor 254 and the reel 253 connected to the output shaft of the third motor 254 are driven to retract to the recovery state. Figure 8 As shown, dust on the surface of the first protective layer 22 is also attracted to the position of the scroll 253, that is, the edge of the first protective layer 22.

[0049] Furthermore, the reel 253 is a cylindrical transmission component connected to the output shaft of the third motor 254. The reel 253 directly fixes one end of the flexible conductive film, and controls the unfolding and retraction of the flexible conductive film by forward and reverse rotation. The third motor 254 is a precision motor used to drive the bidirectional rotation of the reel 253. The third motor 254 controls the working cycle of the flexible conductive film by forward and reverse rotation sequence.

[0050] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 A cleaning element 223 is provided at the edge of the first protective layer 22. The cleaning element 223 is configured to move periodically along the edge of the first protective layer 22 to sweep dust to the outside of the photovoltaic module 20.

[0051] Specifically, the cleaning component 223 is a mechanical dust removal mechanism located at the edge of the first protective layer 22 of the photovoltaic module 20. It physically sweeps the residual dust to the outside of the photovoltaic module 20 through periodic compound motion.

[0052] Furthermore, the cleaning method of cleaning component 223 can be varied, such as... Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 For example, Figure 10 The first protective layer 22 has a cleaning element 223 on its right edge, which can move vertically in the direction indicated by the arrow to sweep away the dust accumulated on the edge of the first protective layer 22. Figure 10The first protective layer 22 also has a cleaning element 223 on its left edge. This cleaning element 223 can swing like a windshield wiper in the direction shown by the arrow to sweep away dust accumulated on the edge of the first protective layer 22. The cleaning element 223 can also be... Figure 11 The shape shown Figure 11 The cleaning component 223 is a strip-shaped object that covers the edge of the first protective layer 22. It can be periodically flipped up and down to clean the dust off the edge of the first protective layer 22.

[0053] It is understood that this application provides a photovoltaic module 20, which includes a photovoltaic element 21, a first protective layer 22, an electrode 24, and a driving unit 25. The photovoltaic element 21 includes a light-receiving surface 211 and is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy. The first protective layer 22 at least covers the light-receiving surface 211, and a first gap 23 exists between the first protective layer 22 and the light-receiving surface 211. The electrode 24 and the driving unit 25 are housed in the first gap 23 between the photovoltaic element 21 and the first protective layer 22. The electrode 24 is configured to periodically enter an energized state or an de-energized state. In the energized state, the electrode 24 can electrostatically adsorb dust on the first protective layer 22 of the photovoltaic module 20. In the de-energized state, the electrode 24 releases the adsorbed dust on the first protective layer 22. Electrode 24 is also connected to drive unit 25. Drive unit 25 can drive electrode 24 to move in multiple directions within the first gap 23. After electrode 24 completes dust adsorption, drive unit 25 can drive electrode 24 in the energized state to move to the edge of photovoltaic module 20, thereby concentrating the dust covering the surface of photovoltaic module 20 and moving it to the edge of photovoltaic module 20, so as to increase the light-receiving area of ​​photovoltaic module 20 and improve the charging efficiency of photovoltaic module 20.

[0054] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 1 This application also provides an energy storage robot 100, which includes a body 30 and a photovoltaic module 20 as described in any of the above embodiments, the photovoltaic module 20 being disposed on the body 30.

[0055] Specifically, the fuselage 30 is the core structural component of the energy storage robot 100, serving as the system integration carrier and functional coordination center. Physically, the fuselage 30 is a high-strength modular platform integrating power transmission, energy storage, spatial positioning, and component mounting. In the architecture of the energy storage robot 100, the fuselage 30 is both the physical support for the photovoltaic module 20 and the installation framework for the mobile module 70, control module, and energy storage unit.

[0056] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 1The energy storage robot 100 also includes a battery module 50, which is mounted on the body 30 and connected to the photovoltaic module 20. The battery module 50 is configured to supply power to at least the energy storage robot 100.

[0057] Specifically, the battery module 50 is an energy storage module that provides energy to the energy storage robot 100. The battery module 50 can be integrated with high-density battery cells, a battery management system, and a battery heat dissipation structure. The battery module 50 can provide operating power to the mobile component 70 and receive and store the electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic element 21 to achieve dynamic energy balance.

[0058] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 1 The energy storage robot 100 also includes a positioning module 60 and a moving component 70. The positioning module 60 is configured to detect the real-time position of the energy storage robot 100, and the moving component 70 is configured to drive the energy storage robot 100 to move.

[0059] Furthermore, the photovoltaic component 21 is an energy capture component of the energy storage robot 100. The photovoltaic component 21 may include solar cells, an anti-reflective coating, and encapsulation glass, and is capable of photoelectric conversion, converting solar radiation into electrical energy and transmitting it to the battery module.

[0060] Furthermore, the moving component 70 is the position adjustment and execution component of the energy storage robot 100. The moving component 70 may include a drive motor, a transmission mechanism (such as wheels or tracks), and navigation sensors. The moving component 70 can drive the energy storage robot 100 to move and reach the target coordinates according to control commands.

[0061] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 12 The energy storage robot 100 also includes a dust collection box 40, which is installed on the body 30. The dust collection box 40 has a dust collection port 41 and a dust collection chamber 42. The dust collection chamber 42 is connected to the outside through the dust collection port 41. The dust collection port 41 is connected to the opening 2811 of the dust guide component 28 of the photovoltaic module 20.

[0062] Specifically, the dust collection box 40 can receive dust falling from the photovoltaic module 20 through the dust collection port 41 and contain the dust in the dust collection chamber 42. Users can estimate the air quality of the day based on the duration of outdoor use of the energy storage robot 100 and the thickness of the dust in the dust collection chamber 42, and thus decide whether to use dust masks or other protective equipment.

[0063] It is understood that this application provides an energy storage robot 100, which includes a photovoltaic module 20. The photovoltaic module 20 includes a photovoltaic element 21, a first protective layer 22, an electrode 24, and a drive unit 25. The photovoltaic element 21 includes a light-receiving surface 211 and is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy. The first protective layer 22 at least covers the light-receiving surface 211, and a first gap 23 exists between the first protective layer 22 and the light-receiving surface 211. The electrode 24 and the drive unit 25 are housed in the first gap 23 between the photovoltaic element 21 and the first protective layer 22. The electrode 24 is configured to periodically enter an energized state or an de-energized state. In the energized state, the electrode 24 can electrostatically adsorb dust on the first protective layer 22 of the photovoltaic module 20. In the de-energized state, the electrode 24 releases the adsorbed dust on the first protective layer 22. Electrode 24 is also connected to drive unit 25. Drive unit 25 can drive electrode 24 to move in multiple directions within the first gap 23. After electrode 24 completes dust adsorption, drive unit 25 can drive electrode 24 in the energized state to move to the edge of photovoltaic module 20, thereby concentrating the dust covering the surface of photovoltaic module 20 and moving it to the edge of photovoltaic module 20, so as to increase the light-receiving area of ​​photovoltaic module 20 and improve the charging efficiency of photovoltaic module 20.

[0064] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 13 This application also provides an energy storage system 1000, which includes a photovoltaic module 20 as described in any of the above embodiments, an energy storage robot 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, and a charging pile 300, wherein the charging pile 300 is configured to provide power to the energy storage robot 100.

[0065] In summary, the energy storage system 1000 of this application includes an energy storage robot 100, which includes a photovoltaic module 20. The photovoltaic module 20 includes a photovoltaic element 21, a first protective layer 22, an electrode 24, and a drive unit 25. The photovoltaic element 21 includes a light-receiving surface 211 and is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy. The first protective layer 22 at least covers the light-receiving surface 211, and a first gap 23 exists between the first protective layer 22 and the light-receiving surface 211. The electrode 24 and the drive unit 25 are housed in the first gap 23 between the photovoltaic element 21 and the first protective layer 22. The electrode 24 is configured to periodically enter an energized state or an de-energized state. In the energized state, the electrode 24 can electrostatically adsorb dust on the first protective layer 22 of the photovoltaic module 20. In the de-energized state, the electrode 24 releases the dust adsorbed on the first protective layer 22. Electrode 24 is also connected to drive unit 25. Drive unit 25 can drive electrode 24 to move in multiple directions within the first gap 23. After electrode 24 completes dust adsorption, drive unit 25 can drive electrode 24 in the energized state to move to the edge of photovoltaic module 20, thereby concentrating the dust covering the surface of photovoltaic module 20 and moving it to the edge of photovoltaic module 20, so as to increase the light-receiving area of ​​photovoltaic module 20 and improve the charging efficiency of photovoltaic module 20.

[0066] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. At the same time, other implementation methods can be derived from the above embodiments, so that structural and logical substitutions and changes can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0067] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: A photovoltaic device, including a light-receiving surface, is configured to receive light to convert light energy into electrical energy; A first protective layer at least covers the light-receiving surface, and a first gap exists between the first protective layer and the light-receiving surface; An electrode is disposed within the first gap. The electrode is configured to periodically enter an energized state or an de-energized state. In the energized state, the electrode adsorbs dust on the first protective layer. In the de-energized state, the electrode releases the adsorbed dust from the first protective layer. and A driving unit is disposed within the first gap. The driving unit is connected to the electrode and configured to drive the electrode to move within the first gap, thereby moving the dust on the first protective layer to a preset position on the first protective layer.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic element further includes a non-light-receiving surface connected to the light-receiving surface, and the photovoltaic module further includes: A second protective layer covers the non-light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic element, and a second gap exists between the second protective layer and the non-light-receiving surface. The driving unit is configured to drive the electrode to move to the second gap, and when the electrode is in the second gap, the electrode is configured to enter the power-off state.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second protective layer and the first protective layer form a protective layer angle, and the protective layer angle is within a preset protective layer angle range; The second protective layer is a hydrophobic layer.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second protective layer is connected to the first protective layer and has a connecting edge. The photovoltaic module also includes a dust guide, which is disposed on the outer side of the sidewall of the second protective layer. The dust guide has a guide groove, which is configured to receive at least the dust that detaches from the first protective layer. The extending direction of the guide groove intersects the connecting edge, and the size of the projection of the guide groove on the top surface of the first protective layer is greater than or equal to the size of the connecting edge. The end of the guide groove away from the first protective layer has an opening, which is used to transfer the dust in the guide groove to a predetermined position.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first protective layer includes a first side and a second side facing away from each other. The first side is closer to the light-receiving surface than the second side. The first side is provided with a first guide groove extending in a first direction and a second guide groove extending in a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are intersected. The electrode includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode is at least partially housed in the first guide groove, and the second electrode is at least partially housed in the second guide groove. The preset position includes a first preset position in the first direction and a second preset position in the second direction. The driving unit includes a first motor and a second motor. The first motor is connected to the first electrode and is configured to drive the first electrode to move in the first guide groove to reach the first preset position. The second motor is connected to the second electrode and is configured to drive the second electrode to move in the second guide groove to reach the second preset position.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode is a flexible conductive film, which is disposed at any edge of the first gap. The flexible conductive film can switch between an unfolded state and a rolled state. In the unfolded state, the maximum unfolded area of ​​the flexible conductive film covers the first protective layer. In the rolled state, the area of ​​the flexible conductive film is reduced to its minimum. The drive unit includes a third motor and a reel connected to the output shaft of the third motor, and one end of the flexible conductive film is connected to the reel. When the flexible conductive film is conductive, the third motor is configured to first drive the spool to rotate in a first rotation direction to move the flexible conductive film to the unfolded state, and then drive the spool to rotate in a second rotation direction to retract the flexible conductive film to the wound state, wherein the first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cleaning element is provided at the edge of the first protective layer, and the cleaning element is configured to move periodically along the edge of the first protective layer to sweep the dust to the outside of the photovoltaic module.

8. An energy storage robot, characterized in that, include: body; and The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the photovoltaic module is disposed on the body.

9. The energy storage robot according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: A dust collection box is installed on the machine body. The dust collection box has a dust collection port and a dust collection chamber. The dust collection chamber is connected to the outside through the dust collection port. The dust collection port is connected to the opening of the dust guide component of the photovoltaic module.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-7; The energy storage robot according to any one of claims 8-9; and A charging station configured to provide power to the energy storage robot.

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