Portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system

Abstract

Portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system, including photovoltaic panel, hand generator, battery, DC-DC converter and auxiliary circuit, auxiliary circuit includes photovoltaic diode, photovoltaic capacitor, photovoltaic resistance, converter inductance, converter capacitor, converter diode, converter switch, photovoltaic panel is connected with photovoltaic diode, photovoltaic diode is connected with photovoltaic capacitor, converter capacitor and converter switch in parallel, photovoltaic resistance is connected between photovoltaic diode and photovoltaic capacitor, converter inductance is connected between photovoltaic capacitor and converter switch, converter diode is connected between converter switch and converter capacitor, hand generator is connected on the battery, the application provides a kind of solar energy, mechanical energy and electric energy coupling power generation system, effectively solve the problem of outdoor or field trip energy acquisition inconvenience, easy to use, portable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation systems, and in particular relates to a portable optocoupler new energy power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern technology, mobile electrical and electronic devices are appearing more and more frequently in people's work and life, and the demand for portable power supplies is also increasing rapidly. How to conveniently obtain power outdoors has become an urgent problem to be solved. In response to the current shortage of portable small outdoor power supply devices, common solutions are: 1. Using batteries for power supply; 2. Converting solar energy into electricity.

[0003] Method 1: Using a storage battery as an outdoor power source is low-cost and convenient. However, the capacity of a storage battery is limited, and people often experience battery anxiety when the battery level drops below 50%.

[0004] Regarding Method 2: In recent years, with the wave of economic globalization sweeping the globe, energy and environmental protection issues have increasingly become topics of international concern, and international environmental cooperation is flourishing. Solar energy, as a new type of energy, is a green, clean, pollution-free, and inexhaustible renewable energy source, and is used in many small outdoor power supply devices.

[0005] However, since solar energy is an unstable and discontinuous energy source, it requires a large amount of energy storage equipment or a multi-energy complementary approach to ensure that the power generation system can provide a stable power supply when used in areas without power grids. This requirement is not suitable for outdoor portable mobile power devices.

[0006] Therefore, finding a portable, easily accessible, and sustainable power generation device for outdoor use is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a portable optocoupler new energy power generation system with simple structure and good performance.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a portable optocoupler new energy power generation system, including a photovoltaic panel, a hand-cranked generator, a storage battery, a rectifier circuit, a voltage regulator circuit, a charging circuit, and a large-capacity capacitor;

[0009] The output of the hand-cranked generator is connected to the rectifier circuit; the output of the photovoltaic panel and the rectifier circuit is connected to the charging circuit through the voltage regulator circuit. The charging circuit charges the battery, and a large-capacity capacitor is connected in parallel with the battery.

[0010] The voltage regulator circuit includes a DC-DC converter and auxiliary circuitry; the auxiliary circuitry includes photovoltaic diodes, photovoltaic capacitors, photovoltaic resistors, converter inductors, converter capacitors, converter diodes, and converter switches.

[0011] The photovoltaic diode is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic capacitor is connected in parallel with the photovoltaic diode;

[0012] The photovoltaic resistor is connected between the photovoltaic diode and the photovoltaic capacitor;

[0013] The converter switch is used to control the on / off state of the DC-DC converter, and the converter capacitor is connected in parallel with the battery;

[0014] The converter inductor is connected between the photovoltaic capacitor and the converter switch, and the converter diode is connected between the converter switch and the converter capacitor.

[0015] The charging circuit includes a rectifier circuit and a buck chopper circuit. The output of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input of the buck chopper circuit, and the output of the buck chopper circuit is connected to the battery through a commutation switch.

[0016] The step-down chopper circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a first inductor. The emitter of the first transistor is connected to the DC output terminal of the rectifier circuit. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, and the collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch transistor through the first inductor. The collector of the commutation switch transistor is connected to the battery. A central control module is connected to the base of the first transistor, and the output signal of the central control module controls whether the first transistor and the commutation switch transistor are turned on. A saturation circuit is connected to the base of the second transistor, and the output signal of the saturation circuit controls whether the second transistor is turned on.

[0017] The saturation circuit includes a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, and a saturation resistor; the emitter of the commutation switch transistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the first amplifier, and a reference voltage signal is input to the inverting input of the first amplifier; the output of the first amplifier is connected to the inverting input of the second amplifier through the saturation resistor, and the non-inverting input of the second amplifier is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch transistor; the output of the second amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input of the third amplifier, and a triangular wave signal is input to the inverting input of the third amplifier; the output of the third amplifier is connected to the base of the second transistor.

[0018] The charging circuit also includes a buffer circuit; the central control module includes an energy storage controller, and the voltage signal of the buck chopper circuit is transmitted to the signal input terminal of the energy storage controller; the output signal of the energy storage controller controls whether the first transistor and the commutation switch are turned on.

[0019] The buffer circuit includes a fourth amplifier, a fifth amplifier, a sixth amplifier, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a changeover switch, and a second inductor. The energy storage controller outputs a signal to control the conduction of the third transistor. The emitter of the third transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor. The collector of the third transistor is connected to the emitters of the fourth and fifth transistors through an inductor. The emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded. The emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded through a grounding capacitor. The non-inverting and inverting inputs of the fourth amplifier are both connected to the emitters of the commutation switch transistor. The output of the fourth amplifier is connected to the inverting input of the fifth amplifier. The non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier is connected to the collector of the third transistor. The non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input of the sixth amplifier. The inverting input of the sixth amplifier is connected to a triangular wave signal. The output of the sixth amplifier is connected to the bases of the fourth and fifth transistors through the first and second terminals of the changeover switch, respectively.

[0020] Light intensity sensors are installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel, and a first controller is connected to the light intensity sensors; the light intensity sensors collect light intensity signals and transmit the collected light intensity signals to the first controller.

[0021] Through the above technical solutions, the technical effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system of this utility model organically combines light energy and mechanical energy, effectively solving the problem of inconvenient access to electricity for outdoor or wilderness travel and impoverished areas; at the same time, the energy storage control unit can ensure the charging effect of the battery; 2. The capacitor connected in parallel on the battery can improve the battery's ability to discharge large currents instantaneously, and also extend the battery's service life and load-carrying capacity; 3. The charging circuit buffers the current, avoiding direct impact on the battery, and allows it to enter the battery smoothly, avoiding the impact of current fluctuations on the battery; 4. The installation unit enables the installation of photovoltaic panels, and at the same time, ensures that the photovoltaic panels track the sun, improving the amount of electricity converted by the photovoltaic panels. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is the circuit schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a high-pass filter circuit connected to the RC load.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the charging circuit.

[0025] Figure 4 This is the circuit schematic of the energy storage controller;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation unit structure;

[0027] Figure 6 The rectifier circuit outputs a random voltage.

[0028] Figure 7 The rectifier circuit outputs a random current.

[0029] Figure 8 In order to be in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The simulated charging voltage of the battery under voltage and current conditions;

[0030] Figure 9 In order to be in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The simulated charging current of the battery under voltage and current conditions.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hand-cranked generator structure in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of a hand-cranked generator. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Portable optocoupled new energy power generation system, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the system includes a photovoltaic panel 12, a hand-cranked generator, a battery, and a DC-DC converter. In use, the photovoltaic panel 12 can generate electricity independently, or, when sunlight is insufficient, the hand-cranked generator can generate electricity. The generated electricity is stored in the battery to supply the subsequent load RL. In this embodiment, the method of storing the electricity generated by the hand-cranked generator in the battery is understood by those skilled in the art. For example, for a DC-output hand-cranked generator, the generated DC electricity can be directly stored in the battery. If it is an AC-output hand-cranked generator, an AC-to-DC converter needs to be connected between the hand-cranked generator and the battery to convert the electricity to DC before storing it in the battery. In this embodiment, the battery supplies the subsequent load R... L When supplying power, the DC-DC converter can output electrical signals of different voltages, thereby supplying different loads R. L To ensure the battery's performance, a large-capacity capacitor is connected in parallel with it. This parallel capacitor enhances the battery's ability to discharge high currents instantaneously, while also extending its lifespan and load-carrying capacity. The specifications of this parallel capacitor are 470μF / 25V. In this embodiment, the large-capacity capacitor is not shown in the diagram; it is simply connected in parallel with the battery.

[0034] To ensure the normal operation of the above system, an auxiliary circuit is connected to the system, which includes a photovoltaic diode I. d Photovoltaic capacitor C1, photovoltaic resistor R sPhotovoltaic diode I d The positive and negative terminals are connected to the + and - terminals of the DC output terminal of photovoltaic panel 12, respectively. Photovoltaic capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with photovoltaic diode I. d The two ends; photovoltaic resistor R s Connected between the positive terminal of photovoltaic diode Id and photovoltaic capacitor C1, the photovoltaic capacitor C1 can filter out noise.

[0035] The photovoltaic resistor Rs is connected to a DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter is used to convert the voltage. The DC-DC converter is set according to the needs of the battery to achieve charging. Specifically, if the battery is 24V, then a DC-DC converter is needed to convert the voltage to below 24V. Otherwise, the voltage will be too high, resulting in excessive current, increased battery load, and affecting the battery's lifespan.

[0036] The DC-DC converter is connected to a converter switch S, a converter diode D, and a converter capacitor C2, which is connected in parallel to the battery.

[0037] The converter switch S is used to control the on / off state of the DC-DC converter, and the converter inductor L... bos A converter diode D is connected between the photovoltaic capacitor C1 and the converter switch S, and between the converter switch S and the converter capacitor C2. The converter diode D is configured to prevent reverse electrodynamic interference from superimposing on the input voltage when the converter switch S is off, thus avoiding a high-voltage spike across the converter switch S.

[0038] The hand-cranked generator is equipped with a rectifier circuit. The AC signal from the hand-cranked generator is converted into DC power by the rectifier circuit before being input into the battery. Of course, a filter circuit is also needed after the rectifier circuit. In other words, converting AC power to DC power requires a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit. Since this part is mature existing technology, this embodiment will not elaborate on this part; you only need to implement it according to existing technology. Of course, the hand-cranked generator can also be directly connected to an AC load R. L Give AC load R L Power supply. In this embodiment, in order to enable the battery to supply power to the AC load R... L To supply power, an inverter circuit needs to be connected to the battery to convert the DC power stored in the battery into AC power, which is then supplied to the AC load R. L The inverter circuit is a mature existing technology, and its specific composition will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0039] To ensure the AC load R L The effect of its use, under AC load R L An LC high-pass filter circuit is connected to the top to filter out low-frequency harmonics in the bidirectional converter. The specific connection method is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0040] To ensure efficient battery charging, a charging circuit is connected to the battery. This circuit includes a rectifier circuit and a buck chopper circuit. The output of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input of the buck chopper circuit, and the output of the buck chopper circuit is connected to the main circuit, which is connected to the battery via a commutation switch VT3. The DC power from the photovoltaic panel is stabilized by the rectifier circuit. Connecting a filter circuit and a voltage regulator circuit to the rectifier circuit is standard practice. If the DC waveform from the rectifier circuit is unstable, additional filter and voltage regulator circuits can be added before connecting the buck chopper circuit. Since adding filter and voltage regulator circuits to address unstable DC waveforms is a mature existing technology, this aspect will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment.

[0041] The step-down chopper circuit includes a first transistor VT2, a second transistor T3, and a first inductor. The emitter of the first transistor VT2 is connected to the DC output terminal of the rectifier circuit. The collector of the first transistor VT2 is connected to the emitter of the second transistor T3. The collector of the second transistor T3 is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch transistor VT3 through the first inductor. The collector of the commutation switch transistor VT3 is connected to the battery. A central control module is connected to the base of the first transistor VT2. The central control module outputs a signal to control whether the first transistor VT2 and the commutation switch transistor VT3 are turned on. A saturation circuit is connected to the base of the second transistor T3. The saturation circuit outputs a signal to control whether the second transistor T3 is turned on.

[0042] The saturation circuit includes a first amplifier U1, a second amplifier U2, a third amplifier U3, and a saturation resistor. The emitter of the commutation switch transistor VT3 is connected to the non-inverting input of the first amplifier U1, and a reference voltage signal is input to the inverting input of the first amplifier U1. The output of the first amplifier U1 is connected to the inverting input of the second amplifier U2 through the saturation resistor, and the non-inverting input of the second amplifier U2 is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch transistor VT3. The output of the second amplifier U2 is connected to the non-inverting input of the third amplifier U3, and a triangular wave signal is input to the inverting input of the third amplifier U3. The triangular wave signal can be output by a microcontroller. In practice, microcontroller-controlled triangular wave signal output is a mature existing technology, and the implementation method will not be described in detail in this embodiment. The output of the third amplifier U3 is connected to the base of the second transistor T3.

[0043] In this embodiment, the charging circuit further includes a buffer circuit; the central control module includes an energy storage controller U7, and the voltage and current signals of the main circuit are transmitted to the signal input terminal of the energy storage controller U7; the output signal of the energy storage controller U7 controls the conduction or cutoff of the first transistor VT2 and the commutation switch VT3. The method of the microcontroller outputting a signal to the base of the transistor to turn it on or off is a mature existing technology. In this embodiment, the signal output pins PB7 and PB6 of the energy storage controller U7 are used to connect the first transistor and the commutation switch, respectively.

[0044] Here, the buffer circuit includes a fourth amplifier U4, a fifth amplifier U5, a sixth amplifier U6, a third transistor VT1, a fourth transistor T4, a fifth transistor T5, a changeover switch SW1, and a second inductor; the energy storage controller U7 outputs a signal to control the conduction of the third transistor VT1, the emitter of the third transistor VT1 is connected to the collector of the first transistor VT2; the collector of the third transistor VT1 is connected to the emitters of the fourth transistor T4 and the fifth transistor T5 through an inductor; the emitter of the fourth transistor T4 is grounded; the emitter of the fifth transistor T5 is grounded through a grounding capacitor; the... The non-inverting and inverting inputs of the fourth amplifier U4 are both connected to the emitter of the commutation switch transistor VT3. The output of the fourth amplifier U4 is connected to the inverting input of the fifth amplifier U5. The non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier U5 is connected to the collector of the third transistor VT1. The non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier U5 is connected to the non-inverting input of the sixth amplifier U6. The inverting input of the sixth amplifier U6 is connected to a triangular wave signal. The output of the sixth amplifier U6 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor T4 and the base of the fifth transistor T5 through the first and second terminals of the changeover switch SW1, respectively.

[0045] The energy storage controller U7 used in this embodiment is a mature existing technology, and a microcontroller (model STMF32103) can be directly used, so it will not be described in detail here. The microcontroller's acquisition of voltage and current signals is also a mature existing technology. A first voltage sensor is directly connected to the circuit where the voltage signal is to be acquired, and the signal output terminal of the first voltage sensor is connected to the microcontroller. Similarly, a current sensor is directly connected to the circuit where the current signal is to be acquired, and the signal output terminal of the current sensor is connected to the microcontroller.

[0046] Among them, the microcontroller's acquisition of voltage signals through voltage sampling circuits and current signals through current sampling circuits are both mature existing technologies, and the implementation method is as follows:

[0047] Connect current sensor J1 on the main line. The current sensor J1 is a Hall current sensor, manufactured by Beijing Senshe Electronics Co., Ltd., model CHK-Y4. The signal output terminal of the current sensor J1 is connected to the signal input terminal (pin PB0) of the energy storage controller U7.

[0048] Simultaneously, a first voltage sensor J2 is connected to the main line. The first voltage sensor J2 is a voltage transmitter manufactured by Beijing Senshe Electronics Co., Ltd., model CHZ-VP. The signal output terminal of the first voltage sensor J2 is connected to the signal input terminal (pin PB1) of the energy storage controller U7. Among them, the PB0 and PB1 pins of the microcontroller can receive analog signals and convert them into digital signals.

[0049] During operation, due to the large fluctuations in the generator's output voltage and power, the electrical signal first enters the rectifier circuit for further rectification to prevent AC signals from mixing with the DC signal. After rectification, the electrical signal enters the buck chopper circuit for buck chopping, outputting a stable voltage signal. The buck-chopped signal is then sent to the energy storage controller U7. If the voltage signal is too low, the energy storage controller U7 outputs a signal that directly disconnects the commutator switch VT3. If the voltage signal exceeds the minimum threshold, the commutator switch VT3 is in the on state, and the voltage signal enters the first amplifier U1. After being compared with the reference voltage signal, it passes through the second amplifier U2 and the third amplifier U3 before entering the main circuit again to achieve compensation.

[0050] If the current signal exceeds the minimum threshold, the commutator switch VT3 is also in the on state. The current signal will enter the first amplifier U1, be compared with the reference voltage signal, and then pass through the second amplifier U2 and the third amplifier U3 in sequence. By changing the triangular wave signal of the third amplifier U3, the current signal is amplified. After amplification, the current signal enters the main circuit again to achieve compensation.

[0051] If the voltage signal is too high, the energy storage controller U7 outputs a signal to activate the buffer circuit, thus buffering the current and preventing it from directly impacting the battery. This allows the current to flow smoothly into the battery, avoiding the impact of current fluctuations on the battery.

[0052] In this embodiment, the commutator switch VT3 and the buffer circuit are turned on together, which is a case of simultaneous buffering and charging; when the commutator switch is turned off and the buffer circuit is turned on, it is a case of buffering on and charging off; the saturation circuit is used to compensate for current and voltage.

[0053] See Tables 1, 2 and 3 for details.

[0054] To ensure that the photovoltaic panel 12 receives maximum light intensity, it is mounted on an installation unit. During implementation, the installation unit facilitates the installation and movement of the photovoltaic panel 12. The installation unit includes a base 14 and a connecting seat 16. A vertically mounted rotary motor 15 is installed on the base 14. The output shaft of the rotary motor 15 is connected to the connecting seat 16, so that when the rotary motor 15 operates, it drives the connecting seat 16 to rotate horizontally.

[0055] A swing motor 13 is provided on the connecting base 16. The output shaft of the swing motor 13 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 12. The swing motor 13 is set horizontally. Under the action of the swing motor 13, the photovoltaic panel 12 will swing up and down in the horizontal direction.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, light intensity sensors are installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 12. The light intensity sensors collect light intensity signals and transmit the collected light intensity signals to the first controller. The first controller outputs a signal to control the rotation of the rotary motor 15. The rotary motor 15 drives the photovoltaic panel 12 to rotate in the horizontal direction, so that the photovoltaic panel 12 finds the position with the maximum light intensity.

[0057] The first controller finds the location of maximum light intensity based on the fact that the position with the largest average value of the light intensity signals collected by the two light intensity sensors on both sides is the location of maximum light intensity. Finding the location of the maximum average value based on the two light intensity signals is a mature existing technology and will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment.

[0058] Meanwhile, a second voltage sensor is connected to the current output terminal of the photovoltaic panel 12. The second voltage sampling circuit collects the voltage signal and transmits the collected voltage signal to the first controller. The first controller outputs a signal according to the received signal to control the operation of the swing motor 13. The swing motor 13 will drive the photovoltaic panel 12 to rotate up and down.

[0059] During operation, the second voltage sensor collects voltage signals and transmits the collected voltage signals to the first controller. The first controller outputs a signal to make the swing motor 13 work, causing the photovoltaic panel 12 to swing up and down. When the voltage signal of the second voltage sensor continues to increase, the swing motor 13 continues to drive the photovoltaic panel 12 to rotate until the voltage signal remains constant. When the voltage signal decreases, the first controller outputs a signal to drive the photovoltaic panel 12 to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0060] During implementation, the first controller first uses the signal from the light intensity sensor to make the rotary motor rotate to find the position with the maximum light intensity, and then uses the voltage signal to make the swing motor swing and rotate to the position with the maximum output voltage in the vertical direction.

[0061] A light intensity sensor collects light signals and transmits the collected light signals to a first controller. The first controller outputs a signal to an LED circuit based on the collected light signals. The LED circuit includes a red LED and a green LED. The first controller outputs a signal to drive the red LED and the green LED to light up. When the light intensity is insufficient, the red LED lights up; when the light intensity is sufficient, the green LED lights up.

[0062] The first controller used can be a microcontroller (model STMF32103). The microcontroller controls the operation of the motor according to the received signal, so that the output shaft of the motor rotates. This is a mature existing technology, and a motor driver chip (model L298N) can be used directly.

[0063] The portable optocoupler new energy power generation system described in this utility model organically combines light energy and mechanical energy, effectively solving the problem of inconvenient access to electricity for outdoor or wilderness travel and impoverished areas; at the same time, the energy storage control unit can ensure the charging effect of the battery.

[0064] The power generation method using the aforementioned portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system includes the following steps:

[0065] Place the photovoltaic panel 12 in sunlight;

[0066] The photovoltaic panel 12 generates electricity under the action of sunlight. During use, the light intensity sensor collects light intensity signals, and the voltage sampling circuit collects voltage signals. Based on the light intensity signals and voltage signals, the photovoltaic panel 12 rotates in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively, thereby tracking the sunlight and ensuring maximum solar energy reception.

[0067] (2) Select a hand-cranked generator according to the light intensity; a hand-cranked generator can be used to supplement the light intensity in the initial stage and when the light intensity is insufficient; a hand-cranked generator can also be used alone when there is no light.

[0068] (3) The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel 12 and the hand-cranked generator enters the charging circuit, and the charging circuit determines whether to input the electrical energy into the storage battery for storage.

[0069] (4) During the charging process, component balancing control is performed among multiple battery packs. Among them, balancing control of multiple battery packs during charging to achieve balanced charging is a mature existing technology, which is described in CN106532829A, entitled "Two-level balancing control circuit, system and control strategy for charging and discharging of storage battery packs". This embodiment will not elaborate on this technical solution.

[0070] In step (3), the determination of the charging circuit is based on the following table, where Table 1 gives the control strategy; Table 2 gives the parameter value range; and Table 3 gives the working status.

[0071] Table 1 Control Strategy

[0072]

[0073] Table 2 Parameter Value Range

[0074]

[0075] Table 3 Working Status

[0076]

[0077] Based on the parameter value range given in Table 2, find the corresponding control strategy in Table 1. Based on the control strategy found in Table 1, find the corresponding working state in Table 3.

[0078] In Table 2, In represents the threshold current, which is a pre-defined value.

[0079] To verify the control effect of this charging circuit, and to simulate power fluctuations caused by random light intensity, two random inputs are used: current and voltage, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown. The input voltage value is manually set to fluctuate within the normal range of 0-3s, too high in 3-6s, too low in 6-8s, within the normal range of 8-10s, too low in 10-11s, and returns to the normal range of 11-13s. The input current value fluctuates within the normal range of 0-1s, too low in 1-2s, too high in 2-4s, within the normal range of 4-5s, too low in 5-6s, within the normal range of 6-7s, too high in 7-9s, too low in 9-11s, and returns to the normal range of 11-13s. Based on the simulation results, as... Figure 9 and Figure 10 The changes in charging voltage and charging current during the simulation phase are presented; from Figure 8 and Figure 9 It can be seen that a stable charging process can only be carried out when the voltage and current are normal, thus protecting the battery. The simulation results show that the entire charging process effectively reduces the impact of random fluctuations on battery charging, achieving the design requirements of a stable and continuous process. It also demonstrates temporary energy storage under low light intensity, improving light energy utilization.

[0080] Addressing the limitations of current portable power generation devices in terms of functionality and applicability, our team proposes a power generation system that couples solar, mechanical, and electrical energy. This innovative system connects a planetary gear transmission system to a photovoltaic panel 12, enabling it to rotate and oscillate according to varying sunlight intensity at different times of day. This effectively solves the problem of inconvenient access to electricity for outdoor or wilderness travel and in impoverished areas. Furthermore, by employing multi-field cross-coupling experiments, we optimized the photovoltaic coupling system, exploring the matching and coupling relationships of multifunctional parameters among the energy transfer subsystems—solar energy, mechanical energy, electrical energy, and energy storage—to improve the overall energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic system.

[0081] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the hand-cranked generator in this example is improved, and the hand-cranked generator provided in this example is more efficient than the ordinary hand-cranked generator.

[0082] Among them, such as Figure 11 As shown, the hand-cranked generator includes a housing 4, with an upper end cover 2 and a lower end cover 7 at both ends of the housing 4. A positioning pin 5 is provided between the upper end cover 2 and the housing 4, thereby fixing the upper end cover 2 and the housing 4 through the positioning pin 5. At the same time, a protective cover 1 is provided on the outside of the upper end cover 2, and the protective cover 1 is fixed to the upper end cover 2 by bolts 3.

[0083] A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted at the center of the housing 4, and an outer rotor 6-2 is connected to the rotating shaft. A stator is located inside the outer rotor 6-2, and the stator includes a stator core 9-1 and a stator winding 9-2. A connecting ring 8 is provided on the stator, and the stator is fixedly connected to the housing 4 through the connecting ring 8, thereby fixing the stator. This embodiment creatively places the rotor on the outside and the stator on the inside of the rotor.

[0084] The spindle 10 is rotatably mounted on the mounting housing 20. The mounting housing 20 is provided with a handle 17, which is horizontally positioned. A vertically positioned connecting rod 19 is connected to the handle 17. The connecting rod 19 is connected to the spindle 10 through a three-stage gear transmission module 18.

[0085] When in operation, turning the handle 17 drives the connecting rod 19, which in turn drives the three-stage gear transmission module 18 to rotate the main shaft 10. The main shaft 10 then drives the outer rotor 6-2 to rotate, thereby generating current in the stator and achieving hand-cranked power generation. The same amount of electricity requires less force, resulting in better performance.

Claims

1. A portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system, characterized in that: This includes photovoltaic panels, hand-cranked generators, storage batteries, rectifier circuits, voltage regulator circuits, charging circuits, and large-capacity capacitors; The output of the hand-cranked generator is connected to the rectifier circuit; the output of the photovoltaic panel and the rectifier circuit is connected to the charging circuit through the voltage regulator circuit. The charging circuit charges the battery, and a large-capacity capacitor is connected in parallel with the battery.

2. The portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulator circuit includes a DC-DC converter and auxiliary circuitry; the auxiliary circuitry includes photovoltaic diodes, photovoltaic capacitors, photovoltaic resistors, converter inductors, converter capacitors, converter diodes, and converter switches. The photovoltaic diode is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic capacitor is connected in parallel with the photovoltaic diode; The photovoltaic resistor is connected between the photovoltaic diode and the photovoltaic capacitor; The converter switch is used to control the on / off state of the DC-DC converter, and the converter capacitor is connected in parallel with the battery; The converter inductor is connected between the photovoltaic capacitor and the converter switch, and the converter diode is connected between the converter switch and the converter capacitor.

3. The portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a rectifier circuit and a buck chopper circuit. The output of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input of the buck chopper circuit, and the output of the buck chopper circuit is connected to the battery through a commutation switch.

4. The portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step-down chopper circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a first inductor. The emitter of the first transistor is connected to the DC output terminal of the rectifier circuit. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, and the collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch transistor through the first inductor. The collector of the commutation switch transistor is connected to the battery. A central control module is connected to the base of the first transistor, and the output signal of the central control module controls whether the first transistor and the commutation switch transistor are turned on. A saturation circuit is connected to the base of the second transistor, and the output signal of the saturation circuit controls whether the second transistor is turned on.

5. The portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The saturation circuit includes a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, and a saturation resistor; the emitter of the commutation switch transistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the first amplifier, and a reference voltage signal is input to the inverting input of the first amplifier; the output of the first amplifier is connected to the inverting input of the second amplifier through the saturation resistor, and the non-inverting input of the second amplifier is connected to the emitter of the commutation switch transistor; the output of the second amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input of the third amplifier, and a triangular wave signal is input to the inverting input of the third amplifier; the output of the third amplifier is connected to the base of the second transistor.

6. The portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charging circuit also includes a buffer circuit; the central control module includes an energy storage controller, and the voltage signal of the buck chopper circuit is transmitted to the signal input terminal of the energy storage controller; the output signal of the energy storage controller controls whether the first transistor and the commutation switch are turned on.

7. The portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer circuit includes a fourth amplifier, a fifth amplifier, a sixth amplifier, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a changeover switch, and a second inductor. The energy storage controller outputs a signal to control the conduction of the third transistor. The emitter of the third transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor. The collector of the third transistor is connected to the emitters of the fourth and fifth transistors through an inductor. The emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded. The emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded through a grounding capacitor. The non-inverting and inverting inputs of the fourth amplifier are both connected to the emitters of the commutation switch transistor. The output of the fourth amplifier is connected to the inverting input of the fifth amplifier. The non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier is connected to the collector of the third transistor. The non-inverting input of the fifth amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input of the sixth amplifier. The inverting input of the sixth amplifier is connected to a triangular wave signal. The output of the sixth amplifier is connected to the bases of the fourth and fifth transistors through the first and second terminals of the changeover switch, respectively.

8. The portable photoelectric coupling new energy power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A light intensity sensor is installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel, and a first controller is connected to the light intensity sensor; the light intensity sensor collects the light intensity signal and transmits the collected light intensity signal to the first controller.

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