A micro screw spring washer batch assembly array board device

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of part assembly, and particularly relates to a micro screw elastic washer batch assembly array plate device, a screw positioning array plate and a washer positioning array plate. The screw positioning array plate is provided with a plurality of array distributed screw holes for accommodating screw heads of screws. The washer positioning array plate comprises a washer bottom plate and a washer movable plate. The washer movable plate is provided with a plurality of array holes corresponding to positions of the screw holes, the array holes comprise a circular hole and a half long circular hole which are connected, the diameter of the circular hole is greater than that of the washer, and the diameter of the half long circular hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of a screw rod of the screw and less than that of the washer. The washer bottom plate is provided with a plurality of stepped holes corresponding to positions of the screw holes for accommodating the washer. The two sides of the washer bottom plate are provided with guide rails for sliding connection with the washer movable plate, and the two sides of the washer movable plate slide along the guide rails of the washer bottom plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of parts assembly, and specifically relates to a device for mass assembly of array plates using miniature screw spring washers. Background Technology

[0002] Screw-and-washer assembly involves sequentially attaching a spring washer and a flat washer to a screw to form a screw assembly. The screw provides the connection, the spring washer prevents loosening, and the flat washer distributes pressure; the combination of these three components effectively improves the stability and durability of the connection.

[0003] Our radar products, with their highly integrated design, extensively utilize miniature screws (GB818 screws in M1.6, M2, M2.5, and M3 specifications with diameters of 1.6mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, and 3mm; lengths of 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, and 10mm) for the assembly of various components. These miniature screws are small in size, and our existing method of assembling spring washers (manual, one-by-one assembly) suffers from numerous drawbacks, including operational difficulties, low efficiency, and a high risk of errors. Existing technologies, including manual operation, tooling-assisted operation, and automated equipment operation, all have limitations in efficiency, accuracy, or cost. These limitations are as follows:

[0004] (1) Manual operation:

[0005] The operator uses tweezers or fingers to sequentially slip the spring washers and flat washers onto the screws before tightening them. The advantages are high flexibility, suitable for our small-batch, multi-model production; the disadvantages are low efficiency, susceptibility to errors (such as overloading, omissions, and incorrect installations), and a high level of operator skill required.

[0006] (2) Tooling auxiliary operation

[0007] Specialized tooling is used to assist in the assembly of screws, spring washers, and flat washers. Utility model patent CN 104875011 A (A tooling and method for batch assembly of screws, spring washers, and flat washers) uses a special positioning plate to position the screws, spring washers, and flat washers before sequential assembly. The advantages are low tooling cost, flexible and convenient operation, and suitability for small-batch production; the disadvantages are the lack of longitudinal constraint on the spring washer positioning, resulting in unstable positioning, and the lack of guidance and correction for minor deviations in the screw array, affecting the normal assembly of the screws and spring washers.

[0008] (3) Automated equipment:

[0009] Existing automated gasket assembly machines use vibratory feeders and robotic arms to sequentially assemble spring washers. The advantages are high efficiency, low error rate, and suitability for mass production; the disadvantages are high equipment purchase and maintenance costs, poor compatibility with micro-screws, and the tendency for small washers to jam or fail to assemble.

[0010] Therefore, the above three existing operating methods have disadvantages in assembling spring washers for miniature screw fasteners:

[0011] Main disadvantage 1: (Manual) Low efficiency and prone to errors;

[0012] Main drawback 2: (Auxiliary tooling) The spring-loaded washer positioning is unstable and lacks screw row deviation correction function.

[0013] The third major drawback is that the micro screws (in automated equipment) have poor compatibility and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0014] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a miniature screw spring washer batch assembly array plate device, comprising: a screw positioning array plate and a washer positioning array plate;

[0015] The screw positioning array plate has multiple arrayed screw holes for accommodating screw heads.

[0016] Washer positioning array plate, including washer base plate and washer movable plate;

[0017] The washer movable plate has multiple array holes corresponding to the screw hole positions. The array holes include a connected circular hole and a semi-oblong hole. The diameter of the circular hole is larger than the diameter of the washer, and the diameter of the semi-oblong hole is greater than or equal to the screw shank diameter and less than the washer diameter.

[0018] The washer base plate has multiple stepped holes corresponding to the screw hole positions for accommodating the washer. The two sides of the washer base plate have guide rails for sliding connection with the washer movable plate. The two sides of the washer movable plate slide along the guide rails of the washer base plate.

[0019] Preferably, the diameter of the screw hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the screw head; the diameter of the screw hole is less than or equal to the length of the diagonal of the screw head cross section. Specifically, a longitudinal cross section along the screw axial direction is made, and the smallest cross section that can accommodate the screw head is selected, the length of which is the length of the diagonal of the screw head cross section.

[0020] Preferably, the screw positioning array plate has at least two guide pins distributed diagonally, the washer base plate has guide holes that are positioned with the guide pins, and the washer movable plate has guide elongated holes.

[0021] Preferably, the stepped hole includes a large-diameter blind hole and a small-diameter through hole penetrating the large-diameter blind hole. The stepped surface formed by the small-diameter through hole of the large-diameter blind hole is used to place the washer, and the small-diameter through hole is used to accommodate the positioning screw.

[0022] Preferably, the distance between the center of the round hole and the center of half of the elongated hole is equal to the distance between the axes of the guide pin at the two extreme positions of the guide elongated hole.

[0023] Preferably, the washer positioning array plate includes a spring washer positioning array plate and a flat washer positioning array plate.

[0024] Preferably, both the screw holes and the array holes have chamfers.

[0025] Significantly improved efficiency: By adopting batch operation methods, efficiency is improved by at least 85% compared to traditional manual operation, greatly reducing manual assembly time.

[0026] The anti-misassembly design is accurate and reliable: the "matching hole" structure enables the directional positioning of the spring flat washer, effectively avoiding misassembly problems and achieving 100% assembly accuracy.

[0027] Cost and flexibility advantages: self-processing, low cost; simple operation, personnel can become proficient in operation after 10 minutes of training.

[0028] Optimized positioning stability: The spring-loaded washer provides omnidirectional positioning, ensuring a stable and reliable positioning state.

[0029] Screw array guidance optimization: The integrated "conical guide" automatically corrects screw row deviations, greatly improving the smoothness of screw assembly and spring-loaded washers. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the composition of a batch assembly array board device using micro-sized screw spring washers;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a screw positioning array plate;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a spring washer positioning array plate;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a flat washer positioning array plate;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the screw positioning array plate (1).

[0035] Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the spring washer base plate (2.1).

[0036] Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of the flat washer base plate (3.1).

[0037] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of the movable panel (2.2 or 3.2).

[0038] Figure 9 This is a partial schematic diagram of the guide rail (2.5 or 3.5).

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a washer being inserted into a screw.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram after the gaskets are assembled. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] This technical solution addresses the problems of low efficiency and error-proneness in manual assembly of micro-sized screws and spring washers by designing a batch assembly array plate device for micro-sized screws and spring washers. The device comprises a screw positioning array plate, a spring washer positioning array plate, and a flat washer positioning array plate. Screws, spring washers, and flat washers are arranged and positioned using matching holes designed in the three positioning array plates. The spring washer and flat washer array plates, after being flipped, are superimposed onto the screw positioning array plate via guide pins (for quick docking between the screw positioning array plate and the spring washer array plate) and guide conical openings (for correcting screw row deviations and guiding the screw row to smoothly pass through the spring washer or flat washer array plate), thus achieving the goal of batch assembly of screws and spring washers.

[0043] Screw positioning array board:

[0044] The screw positioning array plate consists of a screw array base plate and guide pins. The screw array base plate has nearly one hundred to two hundred screw matching holes arranged in a matrix (the number is adjusted according to the diameter of the screws), which mainly serve to arrange and position the screws. The guide pins play a positioning and guiding role when the spring washer array plate, flat washer array plate and screw array plate are stacked and combined.

[0045] Spring washer positioning array plate:

[0046] The spring washer positioning array plate consists of a spring washer array base plate, a movable plate, a guide rail, and positioning blocks. The base plate has nearly one hundred to two hundred matching holes for spring washers of varying sizes, adjusted according to their diameter. These holes primarily serve to position and arrange the spring washers. The movable plate acts as a spring washer baffle, featuring the same number of combination holes as the spring washers. Each combination hole consists of a round hole and a semi-oblong hole. The oblong hole has a chamfered back, allowing the spring washer to be positioned within the matching hole. When the round hole end of the combination hole moves onto the spring washer, the spring washer is released from the round hole end, completing the assembly with the screw. The guide rail guides and positions the movable plate, allowing it to move back and forth within the guide rail groove. The positioning blocks, also called limit blocks, restrict the movement distance of the movable plate. When the movable plate enters the guide rail and pushes against the positioning block until it collides with the edge of the spring washer array plate, it indicates that the movable plate is in place, i.e., the position where the oblong hole end of the combination hole seals the spring washer.

[0047] Flat washer positioning array plate:

[0048] The flat washer positioning array plate consists of a flat washer array base plate, a movable plate, guide rails, and positioning blocks. The functions of each module are the same as those of the spring washer positioning array plate.

[0049] a. Invert screws 1.2 inside screw positioning array plate 1: Screws are scattered on the screw positioning array plate. Because the center of gravity of the screws is biased towards the screw head, the screw head automatically slides into the hole and is arranged in an inverted matrix by sieving the screw array plate.

[0050] b. Place the spring washer in the stepped hole of the spring washer base plate 2.1: Scatter the spring washer on the spring washer positioning array plate. By sieving the spring washer array plate, the spring washer is separated and slides into the hole. The spring washer movable plate 2.2 is pushed forward through the groove of the first guide rail 2.5 until the first positioning block 2.3 is pressed tightly. At this time, the first positioning block 2.3 is located at the bottom of the spring washer positioning array plate 2.

[0051] c. After step b is tightened, the spring washer positioning array plate 2 is rotated 180°. At this time, the first positioning block 2.3 is located at the top. By aligning the first guide hole 2.6 on the spring washer base plate 2.1 with the guide pin 1.1 on the screw positioning array plate 1, the spring washer positioning array plate 2 is pressed onto the screw positioning array plate 1, so that all the screws 1.2 in the screw positioning array plate pass through the spring washer placed in the spring washer positioning array plate 2. Then, the spring washer movable plate 2.2 is pulled outward until the guide pin 1.1 on the screw positioning array plate 1 collides with the first positioning elongated hole 2.4 on the spring washer movable plate 2.2 and is positioned. At this time, the spring washer will fall from the spring positioning array plate 2 into the screw positioning array plate 1.

[0052] d. Remove the spring washer positioning array plate 2 upwards to complete the spring washer assembly.

[0053] e. Place the flat washer in the stepped hole of the flat washer base plate 3.1, and operate it according to the operation method of the spring washer. Finally, remove the flat washer positioning array plate 3 upwards to complete the installation of the flat washer.

[0054] Shape and Function Introduction

[0055] a Screw Positioning Array Plate 1

[0056] Screw positioning array plate 1 is composed of Figure 5 The blind hole array shown is composed of holes whose spacing is determined by the hole array within the spring washer movable plate 2.2 or the flat washer movable plate 3.2. The hole openings are chamfered to facilitate the automatic sliding of the screw head into the hole by gravity. The diameter of the blind hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the screw head to ensure that the screw head can move freely within the blind hole.

[0057] Spring washer base plate 2.1 is made of Figure 6 The stepped hole array shown is composed of holes whose spacing is determined by the hole array within the spring washer movable plate 2.2 or the flat washer movable plate 3.2. The beveled openings facilitate the sliding of the spring washer into the holes. The bottom is a through hole with a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the spring washer but larger than the nominal diameter of the screw 1.2. This ensures that the spring washer will not fall out while allowing the screw 1.2 to pass through normally. The depth of the stepped holes is determined by the thickness of the spring washer, and it must be ensured that two spring washers cannot be inserted at the same time.

[0058] Flat washer base plate 3.1 is made of Figure 7 The stepped hole array shown is similar in shape and function to the spring washer base plate 2.1, except that the size of the hole is determined by the flat washer, the bottom through hole is the same size as the spring washer base plate 2.1, and the depth of the stepped hole is determined by the thickness of the flat washer. It is necessary to ensure that two flat washers cannot be inserted at the same time.

[0059] The spring washer movable plate 2.2 and the flat washer movable plate 3.2 are arrays of holes consisting of a round hole and a semi-oblong hole, such as... Figure 8 As shown on the reverse side, the size of the hole is determined based on the outer diameter of the spring washer or flat washer, requiring that the spring washer and flat washer can pass through the round hole but not through the semi-oblong hole. The hole spacing L between the round hole and the semi-oblong hole should preferably be twice the nominal diameter of screw 2.1, and the hole spacing of the first positioning elongated hole 2.4 is also L. This ensures that when the semi-oblong hole on the reverse side of the movable plate 2.2 or 3.2 is aligned with the washer, the washer cannot pass through the hole, and when the round hole is aligned with the washer, the washer can pass through the hole. Simultaneously, the opening of the semi-oblong hole on the front side is chamfered to facilitate the alignment of the spring washer positioning array plate 2 or the flat washer positioning array plate 3 with the screw positioning array plate, providing guidance and correction for the screw 2.1 during assembly. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 8 .

[0060] The guide rails 2.5 or 3.5 inside the spring washer positioning array plate 2 and the flat washer positioning array plate 3 have the same function. Here, we will only take the first guide rail 2.5 inside the spring washer positioning array plate 2 as an example for explanation.

[0061] The first guide rail 2.5 is mainly used as a guide and positioning device for the movable plate 2.2 of the spring washer. The movable plate can move back and forth within the groove of the first guide rail 2.5, but cannot move up and down. Figure 3 As shown, when the spring washers cover the spring washer base plate 2.1, the spring washer movable plate 2.2 embedded in the first guide rail 2.5 can be pushed to seal or restrict the spring washers in the stepped hole of the spring washer base plate 2.1, and at the same time push away the excess spring washers until the first positioning block 2.3 is positioned and stops, thus completing the preparation of the spring washers.

[0062] f. Assembly principle of washers

[0063] Similarly, the installation method for spring washers and flat washers using screws 1.2 is the same; only the installation method for spring washers is described here.

[0064] After stopping at the first positioning block 2.3 in step e above, rotate the spring washer positioning array plate 2 180° and press it onto the screw positioning array plate 1 through the first guide hole 2.6 and guide pin 1.1, as follows. Figure 1 As shown, the spring washer movable plate 2.1 is then pulled outward by the first positioning block 2.3, so that the guide pin 1.1 collides with the first positioning elongated hole 2.4 from one side to the other. At this time, the washer slides from the semi-elongated hole to the round hole and falls from the round hole of the spring washer positioning array plate 2, and is fitted into the root of the screw 1.2, completing the assembly of all spring washers in the spring washer array plate 2. The spring washer array plate 2 can then be removed by moving it upward.

[0065] After the washers in the spring washer array plate 2 and the flat washer array plate 3 are sequentially installed into the screw array plate 1, the screw 1.2 with the spring washer and flat washer installed is placed upside down in the screw array plate. The device can be used to apply thread-locking agent to the thread section of the screw 1.2.

[0066] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for mass assembly of array plates using miniature screw spring washers, characterized in that, include: Screw positioning array plate and washer positioning array plate; The screw positioning array plate has multiple arrayed screw holes for accommodating screw heads. Washer positioning array plate, including washer base plate and washer movable plate; The washer movable plate has multiple array holes corresponding to the screw hole positions. The array holes include a connected circular hole and a semi-oblong hole. The diameter of the circular hole is larger than the diameter of the washer, and the diameter of the semi-oblong hole is greater than or equal to the screw shank diameter and less than the washer diameter. The washer base plate has multiple stepped holes corresponding to the screw hole positions for accommodating the washer. The two sides of the washer base plate have guide rails for sliding connection with the washer movable plate. The two sides of the washer movable plate slide along the guide rails of the washer base plate.

2. The device for mass assembly of array plates using miniature screw spring washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the screw hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the screw head; the diameter of the screw hole is less than or equal to the length of the diagonal of the screw head cross-section, where the diagonal of the screw head cross-section is the diagonal of the smallest rectangular cross-section in the longitudinal direction that accommodates the screw head.

3. The device for mass assembly of array plates using miniature screw spring washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screw positioning array plate has at least two guide pins distributed diagonally, the washer base plate has guide round holes that are positioned with the guide pins, and the washer movable plate has guide elongated holes.

4. The device for mass assembly of array plates using miniature screw spring washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stepped hole includes a large-diameter blind hole and a small-diameter through hole that penetrates the large-diameter blind hole. The stepped surface formed by the small-diameter through hole in the large-diameter blind hole is used to place the washer, and the small-diameter through hole is used to accommodate the positioning screw.

5. The device for mass assembly of array plates using miniature screw spring washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the center of the round hole and the center of half of the oblong hole is equal to the distance between the axes of the guide pin when it is in the two extreme positions of the guide oblong hole.

6. The device for mass assembly of array plates using miniature screw spring washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The washer positioning array plate includes a spring washer positioning array plate and a flat washer positioning array plate.

7. The device for mass assembly of array plates using miniature screw spring washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both screw holes and array holes have chamfers.

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