A slope control blasting charge device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of blasting engineering, and particularly provides a slope control blasting charging device. The device comprises a cylindrical body, an adjusting assembly in sliding connection with the cylindrical body through a limiting plate, a hanging component arranged on a supporting body, and a charging device connected with the hanging component. The adjusting assembly is provided with a scale line, and precise positioning is realized through a plug-in groove on the limiting plate and a fastener. The charging device is provided with a triangular gap on the peripheral side, and can realize asymmetric charging. The utility model solves the problems of fixed charging position and uneven energy distribution of the traditional charging device through the adjustable structure and the scale indication, realizes accurate control of the charging position and directional release of the blasting energy, effectively improves the high large block rate and the excessive fragmentation of the rock mass in the slope blasting, and improves the blasting efficiency and the slope stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of blasting engineering technology, specifically to a slope control blasting charging device. Background Technology

[0002] In slope mining, blasting is a crucial step in fracturing rock masses. During construction, blasting holes must first be drilled, then explosives are loaded and detonated. Ideally, blasting should result in uniformly broken rock masses, facilitating removal, while simultaneously maintaining the flatness and stability of the slope surface.

[0003] However, two major problems often arise in actual blasting operations: First, the proportion of large blocks in the upper part of the slope is too high, requiring secondary crushing and increasing costs; second, excessive crushing of the lower rock mass not only wastes energy but may also damage the remaining rock mass, affecting the stability of the slope.

[0004] The root cause of this uneven fragmentation lies in the inherent defects of traditional charging methods and devices. While the currently widely used symmetrical coupling charging method is simple to operate, its energy is diffused spherically and uniformly, making precise control impossible based on the fragmentation requirements at different depths of the rock mass. Under complex geological conditions, uneven energy distribution in blasting directly leads to poor fragmentation results, often causing damage to the surrounding environment and structures.

[0005] To solve these problems, it is necessary to precisely adjust the charge quantity and determine the optimal charge position based on the lithological characteristics of different locations within the borehole. However, existing charging devices have significant limitations: first, they lack flexibility, and their fixed structure makes it difficult to adapt to the varying borehole parameters on site; second, their positioning accuracy is poor, making it impossible to intuitively determine the charge position within the borehole, thus affecting the achievement of the design effect; and third, it is difficult to arrange asymmetrical charge structures, which limits the directional control of blasting energy.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device that allows for flexible adjustment of the charge position, visual and controllable depth, and the realization of various asymmetric charge structures, in order to improve blasting quality and ensure construction safety and progress. Utility Model Content

[0007] This application provides a slope control blasting charging device to solve the technical problem that existing blasting charging methods cannot flexibly adjust the charging position and achieve asymmetric charging structure, resulting in uneven blasting energy distribution and poor fragmentation effect.

[0008] This application adopts the following technical solution: a slope control blasting charging device, comprising: A cylindrical body used for placement inside the borehole; The adjustment component is slidably connected to the cylindrical body via a limiting plate. The adjustment component includes a support body, a base plate, and scale lines for indicating position. A limiting plate is provided on the cylindrical body and is slidably connected to the bottom plate. The limiting plate includes a positioning plate and multiple insertion slots. Fasteners are used to secure the adjusting components and the cylindrical body; suspension components are slidably mounted on the support; and a loading device is suspended and connected to the suspension components.

[0009] Furthermore, the cylindrical body includes symmetrical, openable and closable loading doors.

[0010] Furthermore, the fasteners are inserted into the slots to fix the lateral position of the adjustment component and the limit plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the suspension components include the suspension body, suspension kit, knob, and suspension bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, the charge device includes a charge body, a connector, a detonating cord fastener, and a bracket for connection with the suspension frame.

[0013] Furthermore, triangular slits are provided on both horizontal sides of the charge body. Furthermore, the suspension component can be adjusted and positioned on the support body via scale lines.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple suspension components are connected to the support structure. Furthermore, the loading device is available in various specifications.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention achieves precise and visual adjustment of the charge position through the setting of adjustment components and a support body with scale lines. Operators can accurately position the charge height according to the rock characteristics at different depths of the blast hole through the scale indication, effectively solving the problem of uneven blasting energy distribution caused by poor positioning accuracy of traditional charging devices.

[0016] Secondly, this application achieves the technical effect of flexible arrangement of asymmetrical charging structure by setting suspension components and multi-specification charging devices. It utilizes the triangular gaps on both sides of the charging device to form energy guiding grooves, and combines the adjustable suspension method to achieve directional release of blasting energy, thereby improving the problems of high large block ratio and excessive fragmentation in slope blasting.

[0017] Furthermore, the combination structure of the cylindrical body with the openable and closable charging door, the limiting plate and the plug-in slot in this application achieves the technical effect of rapid assembly and stable fixation of the device. The modular design adapts to various blast hole conditions, and the plug-in fastening mechanism ensures the stability of the charging position under blasting vibration environment, which greatly improves on-site construction efficiency and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only involve some embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0019] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the slope control blasting charging device of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the slope control blasting charging device of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the charging structure in the slope control blasting charging device of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension component in the slope control blasting charging device of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the charging device in the slope control blasting charging device of this application.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting plate in the slope control blasting charging device of this application.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Adjustment component; 11. Support body; 12. Base plate; 13. Scale lines; 2. Suspension components; 21. Suspension body; 22. Suspension kit; 23. Knob; 24. Suspension bracket; 3. Charger; 31. Charge body; 32. Connector; 33. Detonating cord fastener; 34. Hanger; 4. Limiting plate; 41. Positioning plate; 42. Insertion slot; 5. Cylindrical body; 51. Medication port; 6. Fasteners. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this patent document shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding “comprising” or “including” encompasses the element or object listed following “comprising” or “including” and its equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “inner,” and “outer” are used only to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. These terms are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0029] In mine slope blasting projects, traditional charging methods, due to their fixed charging positions and uniform energy distribution, are difficult to adapt to the rock fragmentation requirements at different depths of the blast hole. This leads to problems such as a high proportion of large blocks in the upper part of the slope and excessive fragmentation of the lower rock mass, which seriously affects blasting efficiency and slope stability.

[0030] This application provides a slope control blasting charging device, which solves key problems in the prior art such as the inability to adjust the charging position, the difficulty in realizing asymmetric charging, and the poor positioning accuracy. Example 1

[0031] refer to Figures 1 to 6 The slope control blasting charging device of this application mainly includes a cylindrical body 5, an adjusting component 1, a limiting plate 4, fasteners 6, a suspension component 2, and a charging device 3. The above components work together to achieve flexible adjustment of the charging position, convenient arrangement of the asymmetrical charging structure, and precise control of the charging depth. Moreover, the device adopts a modular design, which is convenient for on-site assembly and adjustment and can adapt to various borehole parameters and geological conditions.

[0032] The cylindrical body 5, serving as the foundation of the device, is placed inside the borehole, providing support and guidance. The adjusting assembly 1 is slidably connected to the cylindrical body 5 via a limiting plate 4, allowing the user to adjust the charge position vertically. The suspension component 2 is slidably mounted on the support body 11 of the adjusting assembly 1 and precisely positioned via scale lines 13, thereby suspending chargers 3 of different specifications. The limiting plate 4 and fasteners 6 are used to fix the position of the adjusting assembly 1, ensuring charge stability. The charger 3 is designed to be suspended, facilitating asymmetrical charging, such as concentrated charging on one side of the borehole or at a specific location, to directionally control the blast energy.

[0033] In this technical solution, by adjusting the sliding design of component 1 and suspension component 2, combined with the indication of scale line 13, fine-tuning and visual control of the charge position are achieved. This solves the problems of insufficient charging flexibility and poor positioning accuracy in traditional blasting devices. At the same time, the various specifications and suspension methods of the charger 3 allow users to customize the charging structure according to changes in rock type, avoiding energy waste or uneven fragmentation.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cylindrical body 5 is the base of the device, used to be placed directly inside the borehole. It is usually cylindrical, and its diameter can be adjusted according to the actual borehole. The cylindrical body 5 is preferably made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials (such as steel or engineering plastics) to enhance the stability of the device under harsh conditions such as complex mountainous terrain.

[0035] Furthermore, the cylindrical body 5 includes symmetrically designed, openable and closable charging doors 51. The charging doors 51 are connected to the main body of the cylindrical body 5 via hinges or sliding mechanisms and can be manually opened or closed. The symmetrical design of the charging doors 51 overcomes the limitation of traditional charging devices that make it difficult to adjust the charging position within the borehole. When the charging doors 51 are open, the user can directly access the borehole wall, facilitating the asymmetrical arrangement of the charging device 3 or inspection of the borehole condition; when closed, they provide protection, preventing debris from entering or the charging device from shifting.

[0036] During operation, the cylindrical body 5 is first inserted into the borehole and temporarily secured by an external fastener (not shown). Its inner wall slides against the base plate 12 of the adjusting assembly 1 to ensure the stability of the entire device within the borehole. The design of the charging door 51 of the cylindrical body 5 also allows for rapid adjustments under complex geological conditions. For example, when the borehole wall is uneven, the user can locally correct the charging position by opening the charging door 51, thereby optimizing the energy distribution. Example 2

[0037] See Figure 2 , Figure 3The adjusting component 1 is the core adjusting part of the device, and it is slidably connected to the cylindrical body 5 via the limiting plate 4. It includes a support body 11, a base plate 12, and scale lines 13. The support body 11 is usually a rod-shaped or plate-shaped structure that extends vertically and is used to support the suspension component 2. The base plate 12 is fixedly connected to the support body 11 and slides in cooperation with the positioning plate 41 of the limiting plate 4, allowing the adjusting component 1 to move up and down within the cylindrical body 5.

[0038] Scale lines 13 are engraved on the surface of the support body 11 to indicate the suspension position of the charge device 3. The scale lines 13 are typically in centimeters or millimeters and cover the entire length of the support body 11, allowing users to precisely adjust the charge height according to the borehole depth and rock type requirements. For example, in slope blasting, where the upper rock mass is harder and requires concentrated charging, the user can position the charge device 3 at a higher position using the scale lines 13; where the lower rock mass is softer, the charge position can be lowered to avoid excessive fragmentation. The design of the scale lines 13 solves the problem of poor positioning accuracy and enables visual control of the charge depth.

[0039] Furthermore, the sliding mechanism of the adjusting component 1 is achieved through the limiting plate 4. The sliding connection between the base plate 12 and the positioning plate 41 is made of a low-friction material (such as a polytetrafluoroethylene coating) to ensure smooth adjustment. The user can manually push or use a tool to move the adjusting component 1 until the scale line 13 indicates the desired position, and then fix it with the fastener 6. This design improves the flexibility of the device and adapts to different borehole depths and charging strategies.

[0040] See Figure 6 A limiting plate 4 is disposed on the cylindrical body 5, serving as a guide and fixing mechanism for the adjusting component 1. It includes a positioning plate 41 and multiple insertion slots 42. The positioning plate 41 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical body 5, typically installed by welding or bolting, and its surface slides in contact with the base plate 12, limiting the lateral movement of the adjusting component 1 and ensuring smooth vertical sliding.

[0041] The insertion slots 42 are distributed longitudinally along the limiting plate 4, providing insertion points for the fasteners 6. The insertion slots 42 are typically rectangular or circular holes with uniform spacing, for example, one slot every 0.5 cm, corresponding to the intervals of the scale lines 13. When the adjusting component 1 is adjusted to the target position, the user inserts the fasteners 6 (such as bolts or pins) into the corresponding insertion slots 42, passing through the base plate 12, thereby locking the relative position of the adjusting component 1 and the cylindrical body 5.

[0042] The design employing the plug-in slot 42 enhances the reliability and adaptability of the device. During blasting, vibration may cause the charge to shift, but through the cooperation of multiple plug-in slots 42 and fasteners 6, the device can withstand high impact loads and maintain the stability of the charge position. Furthermore, the plug-in slots 42 allow for quick adjustments; users can change the charge height without disassembling the entire device, significantly improving on-site efficiency.

[0043] Fastener 6 is used to fix the adjusting assembly 1 and the cylindrical body 5, and is usually a bolt, pin or snap-fit ​​structure. Its working principle is to be inserted into the insertion slot 42 of the limiting plate 4 and combined with the base plate 12 of the adjusting assembly 1 to form a mechanical lock.

[0044] As an optional embodiment of this application, the fastener 6 can be a bolt with a handle, which can be manually tightened by the user without additional tools. The bolt head is provided with an anti-loosening washer to prevent loosening due to vibration.

[0045] Inaccurate charge placement often leads to uneven energy distribution. This device, however, utilizes the cooperation of fastener 6 and the insertion slot 42. Fastener 6, through the insertion slot 42, fixes the lateral position, ensuring the stability of the adjustment component 1 after adjustment. This solves the problem of charge misalignment caused by insecure fixing in traditional charging devices, thus guaranteeing the precise release of blasting energy. Example 3

[0046] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The suspension component 2 is slidably mounted on the support body 11 of the adjustment assembly 1 for suspending the drug delivery device 3. It includes a suspension body 21, a suspension kit 22, a knob 23, and a suspension frame 24. The suspension body 21 is the main body and is connected to the support body 11 through a sliding fit. The suspension kit 22 is wrapped around the support body 11 and usually adopts a sleeve or slider structure, allowing the suspension component 2 to move up and down along the support body 11.

[0047] Knob 23 is used to fix the position of the suspension component 2. When the suspension component 2 moves to the target position indicated by the scale line 13, the user tightens the knob 23 to make the suspension kit 22 clamp the support body 11 and prevent slippage. The knob 23 may adopt a threaded mechanism, which generates clamping force by rotation to ensure that it does not shift under blasting vibration.

[0048] The suspension bracket 24 connects to the hanger 34 of the charge device 3, typically in a hook or ring shape, facilitating quick installation and removal of the charge device 3. The suspension component 2 is adjusted and positioned via the scale line 13, enabling fine-tuning of the charge position. This design also allows users to connect multiple charge devices 3 to the support body 11, achieving multi-point, multi-layer charging. For example, in complex rock formations, users can install multiple suspension components 2 on the support body 11, each suspending one charge device 3, forming an asymmetrical charging structure. This allows for adjustment of the charge quantity according to different rock types, making the blasting energy more closely match actual needs.

[0049] See Figure 5The charge 3 is suspended and connected to the suspension member 2, and is used to hold the explosive and detonating cord. It includes a charge body 31, a connector 32, a detonating cord fixing member 33, and a bracket 34. The charge body 31 is the main container, usually cylindrical or rectangular, made of blast-resistant material, and filled with explosive. The charge body 31 has triangular slits on both horizontal sides. These slits can act as energy guiding channels, concentrating energy to release in a specific direction during blasting, achieving an asymmetric blasting effect.

[0050] The explosive charge 31 has triangular slits on both horizontal sides. This structural design is based on the principles of blast stress wave propagation and rock fracture mechanics. At the moment of detonation, the extremely high pressure generated by the explosive acts on the inner wall of the charge body 31. The tip of the triangular slit constitutes a typical "stress concentrator," where the stress is amplified sharply, far exceeding the stress value on other smooth surfaces of the charge body. This artificially created stress concentration precisely guides the direction of the release of explosive energy, causing cracks to preferentially initiate and propagate directionally from the triangular slit.

[0051] Unlike traditional smooth-walled explosive charges that produce irregular radial cracks, this device, through symmetrically arranged triangular slits, can form two dominant, highly directional initial cracks. Under the high-pressure "wedge-in" action of the explosive gas, these initial cracks will continue to extend preferentially along a preset direction (i.e., towards the apex of the triangular slit), converting part of the blasting energy from ineffective, uniform spherical shock waves into effective, directional fracture energy. By aligning the triangular slits of the explosive charge 3 towards the hard rock area at the top of the slope that needs to be fractured, the blasting energy can be concentrated on the target rock mass, significantly increasing its degree of fragmentation; at the same time, the impact and damage to the rock mass facing away from the slits (such as the soft rock at the bottom or the slope body that needs to be preserved) will be correspondingly reduced, effectively solving the energy mismatch problem of "large blocks at the top and excessive fragmentation at the bottom".

[0052] The connector 32 is used to connect multiple charge units 3 to form a series or parallel charge structure. For example, in a long borehole, the user can connect multiple charge units 3 through the connector 32 for unified detonation. The detonating cord fastener 33 is usually a clip or strap, used to secure the detonating cord and ensure reliable detonation.

[0053] The bracket 34 works in conjunction with the suspension frame 24 to suspend the charge device 3. The bracket 34 is designed to be adjustable, for example, by adjusting the angle of the charge device 3 via a hinge, to further optimize energy distribution. The charge device 3 is available in various specifications, such as different sizes or charges, to meet various blasting requirements. Users can select the appropriate specification based on the borehole diameter and rock hardness, and quickly change it via the suspension component 2.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a triangular slit is provided on the periphery of the loading device 3. These fissures create stress concentration during blasting, guiding the cracks to propagate in a predetermined direction, thereby controlling the direction and extent of fragmentation. This solves the problem of uneven fragmentation caused by uniform energy diffusion during blasting, and is suitable for controlled blasting on slopes to protect the rock mass structure on one side from damage.

[0055] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A slope control blasting charging device, characterized in that, include: The cylindrical body (5) is used to be placed inside the borehole; The adjustment component (1) is slidably connected to the cylindrical body (5) via the limiting plate (4). The adjustment component (1) includes a support body (11), a base plate (12), and a scale line (13) for indicating position. A limiting plate (4) is provided on the cylindrical body (5) and is slidably connected to the bottom plate (12). The limiting plate (4) includes a positioning plate (41) and multiple insertion slots (42). Fastener (6) for securing the adjusting assembly (1) and the cylindrical body (5); The suspension component (2) is slidably mounted on the support body (11); The loading device (3) is suspended and connected to the suspension member (2).

2. The slope control blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical body (5) includes a symmetrical, openable and closable loading door (51).

3. The slope control blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener (6) fixes the lateral position of the adjusting component (1) and the limiting plate (4) by inserting it into the insertion slot (42).

4. The slope control blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension component (2) includes a suspension body (21), a suspension kit (22), a knob (23), and a suspension bracket (24).

5. A slope control blasting charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The charger (3) includes a charge body (31), a connector (32), a detonating cord fixing member (33), and a bracket (34) for connecting to the suspension frame (24).

6. A slope control blasting charging device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charge body (31) has triangular slits on both horizontal sides.

7. The slope control blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension component (2) can be adjusted and positioned on the support (11) via the scale line (13).

8. A slope control blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (11) is connected to a plurality of the suspension components (2).

9. A slope control blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading device (3) is available in various specifications.

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