Elastomeric article

Abstract

Elastomeric article (1) with - a rubber matrix (2) as well as - components (3) vulcanized into and / or onto the rubber matrix (2), in particular reinforcing elements, - an adhesive system by which the vulcanized and / or bonded components (3) are connected to the rubber matrix (2), characterized in that the article (1) has an adhesive system which has the following features, namely before vulcanization - components coated with adhesion promoter to be vulcanized in and / or onto the skin (3), - a raw rubber matrix (2) surrounding the components (3) to be vulcanized in and / or onto the adhesive layer (4), - Nanotetrapods (5) embedded in the adhesion promoter layer (4), which protrude from the adhesion promoter layer (4) with at least several arms (6) and engage in the surrounding raw rubber matrix (2), wherein, after vulcanization, the components (3) to be vulcanized in and / or onto are firmly connected to each other both by the chemical bond formed during vulcanization and by the form-fitting interaction of the nanotetrapods (5) with the surface of the components (3) to be vulcanized in and / or onto and the rubber matrix (2), characterized in that the elastic article (1) is an air spring bellows or a vehicle pneumatic tire or a power transmission belt or a conveyor belt or an elastic membrane or an elastic fluid line.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an elastomeric article with a rubber matrix and components, in particular reinforcing elements, vulcanized into and / or onto the rubber matrix, with an adhesive system by which the vulcanized components are connected to the rubber matrix.

[0002] Such products, for example air springs, pneumatic car tires, or power transmission belts, have been known and used for a long time. The reinforcing materials embedded in the rubber matrix, such as textile fabrics, metallic thread constructions, or similar materials, primarily serve to transmit the forces acting on the products, since the rubber matrix itself, due to its elastic properties, is usually not sufficiently capable of doing so.

[0003] Since the aforementioned articles are mostly subject to elastic alternating stress, particular attention must be paid to good adhesion between the rubber matrix and the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto it, otherwise premature failure of the articles may occur.

[0004] To enable or improve adhesion between the rubber matrix and the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto the rubber matrix, it is known to coat the components with adhesion promoters before embedding them in the rubber matrix. These promoters ensure good anchoring of the components to be vulcanized in and onto the rubber matrix during vulcanization. This anchoring is based primarily on a chemical, rather than a form-fit, bond.

[0005] Such holding systems are disclosed in DE 10 2008 037 417 A1, EP 2 594 414 A1 or US 4,218,349 B1.

[0006] EP 2782103 A1 describes a magnet wire, in particular copper magnet wire, used for winding bodies such as coils. The wire consists of a winding wire completely encased in a primary insulation made of a magnet polymer. Additionally, the outer surface of this primary insulation is partially coated with a secondary insulation made of an impregnating polymer. To ensure reliable adhesion between the two insulating layers, an adhesion promoter layer is used, or the adhesion promoter is integrated directly into the insulating materials.

[0007] German patent DE 10 2007 030 980 A1 describes a stator for electric drive motors that enables an optimized winding arrangement. The stator has several teeth separated by slots, which are surrounded by a multi-strand winding. The coils partially overlap and each encloses at least two stator teeth. The windings run in two radially offset slot regions, which allows for a compact and uniform arrangement.

[0008] German patent DE 10 2013 106 529 A1 describes a process for manufacturing winding bodies with enamelled wire, in which the adhesion between the insulation layers is improved. The winding wire is first completely coated with a primary insulation made of enamel polymer. Subsequently, the surface of this primary insulation undergoes plasma activation to increase its surface energy and enable a reliable bond to further layers. A secondary insulation made of impregnating polymer is then applied, optionally using an adhesion promoter layer.

[0009] JIN, X [et. Al.]; Joining the un-joinable; Adhesion between low surface energy polymers using tetrapodal ZnO linkers (advanced materials, 2012, DOI: 10.1002 / adma201201780) reveals microscale ZnO tetrapods as staples for joining poorly adhering polymers such as Teflon and silicone.

[0010] A process developed at Kiel University enables the joining of two materials that are otherwise impossible or only insufficiently bondable, such as Teflon and silicone, through a purely form-fit effect. The development was published in the journal Produktion, issue 37 / 2012.

[0011] For this purpose, a predetermined quantity of so-called nanotetrapods is embedded in the respective component. Nanotetrapods are tetrapod-shaped crystals, in this case made of zinc oxide, with a size ranging from several nanometers to a few micrometers.

[0012] These tetrapods, or rather their arms, protrude at least partially from the surface of the respective components and, upon contact between two such equipped parts, form a kind of Velcro fastener. This creates a certain adhesive force between the components, based solely on the interlocking of the protruding tetrapod arms. However, this method relies on the fact that at least as many tetrapod arms as possible protrude from the surface of the components. This behavior is undesirable in the aforementioned elastomeric articles.

[0013] The invention is based on the objective of improving the aforementioned article in such a way that the adhesion between the rubber matrix and components to be vulcanized in and / or onto is improved, particularly with regard to a form-fit component.

[0014] This task is solved by the article having an adhesive system which has the following characteristics, namely: before vulcanization - Components coated with adhesion promoter to be vulcanized in and / or onto the skin, - a raw rubber matrix surrounding the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto, - Nanotetrapods embedded in the adhesion promoter layer, which protrude from the adhesion promoter layer with at least several arms and engage in the surrounding raw rubber matrix, where, after vulcanization, the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto are firmly connected to each other both by the chemical bond formed during vulcanization and by the form-fitting interaction of the nanotetrapods with the surface of the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto the rubber matrix.

[0015] In this way, an adhesive system is formed which, due to the effect of the tetrapods to interlock and interlock in a haphazard manner, in addition to the chemical bonding of the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto the rubber matrix via the adhesion promoter layer, also has a form-fitting connection between the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto the rubber matrix.

[0016] The advantage of this adhesive system is that the form-fit component creates additional adhesive force, so that the article has a higher level of security against unwanted separation of the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto the rubber matrix.

[0017] The elastic article is an air spring bellows or a vehicle pneumatic tire or a power transmission belt or a conveyor belt or an elastic membrane or an elastic fluid line.

[0018] For the aforementioned components, the safety against unintentional separation between the rubber matrix and the components to be vulcanized in and / or onto the rubber matrix is ​​also improved.

[0019] An exemplary embodiment is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

[0020] It shows Fig. Figure 1 shows a section of an elastomeric article 1 according to the invention in its unvulcanized state. The article 1 comprises a rubber matrix 2, a component 3 to be vulcanized in and / or onto, an adhesion promoter layer 4, and nanotetrapods 5, wherein the nanotetrapods 5 are embedded in the adhesion promoter layer 4 such that arms 6 of the tetrapods 5 interlock in a random manner within the adhesion promoter layer 4 and also project at least partially into the surrounding rubber matrix 2.

[0021] The Fig.Figure 2 shows the same article 1 in its vulcanized state. The rubber matrix 2 is firmly and inseparably bonded to the component 3, with the adhesion promoter layer 4 being incorporated into the rubber matrix 2 through the vulcanization process. The tetrapods 5 are interlocked with both the surface 7 of the component 3 and the rubber matrix 2. The adhesion between the rubber matrix 2 and the component 3 is based, on the one hand, on the chemical bond between the surface 7 of the component 3 and the rubber matrix 2, and on the other hand, on the form-fitting interlocking of the tetrapods 5 with the surface 7 and the rubber matrix 2. Reference symbol list 1 Elastomeric article 2 Rubber matrix 3 Component to be vulcanized in and / or onto 4. Bonding layer 5 Nanotetrapods 6 arms of the tetrapods 4 7 Surface of component 3

Claims

Elastomeric article (1) comprising: - a rubber matrix (2) and - components (3), in particular reinforcing elements, vulcanized into and / or onto the rubber matrix (2), - an adhesive system by which the vulcanized components (3) are connected to the rubber matrix (2), characterized in that the article (1) has an adhesive system which has the following features: - components (3) to be vulcanized into and / or onto the rubber matrix (2) coated with an adhesion promoter prior to vulcanization, - a raw rubber matrix (2) surrounding the components (3) to be vulcanized into and / or onto the rubber matrix (4) and the adhesion promoter layer (4), - nanotetrapods (5) embedded in the adhesion promoter layer (4), which project from the adhesion promoter layer (4) with at least several arms (6) and engage in the surrounding raw rubber matrix (2),wherein, after vulcanization, the components (3) to be vulcanized in and / or onto are firmly connected to each other both by the chemical bond formed during vulcanization and by the form-fitting interaction of the nanotetrapods (5) with the surface of the components (3) to be vulcanized in and / or onto and the rubber matrix (2), characterized in that the elastic article (1) is an air spring bellows or a vehicle pneumatic tire or a power transmission belt or a conveyor belt or an elastic membrane or an elastic fluid line.

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