Method for producing a molded part

Abstract

Method for producing a molded part (10) comprising a decorative layer (11) with a front side (12) designed as a visible side and a rear side (13) opposite the front side (12), an opaque and / or opaque layer (14) arranged on the back (13) of the decorative layer (11), and a carrier (16) arranged on a rear side (15) of the opaque and / or opaque layer (14) and which is at least partially transparent or translucent, wherein at least one opening (17) extends through the decorative layer (11) and through the opaque and / or opaque layer (14), wherein the opening(s) (17) are provided for displaying a symbol on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), wherein a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering filling material (18) is introduced into the opening(s) (17), wherein the filling material (18) only partially fills the opening(s) (17) and thus one or more depressions (20) are formed on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), so that the surface (21) of the filling material (18) and the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) lie in different planes and / or a haptically perceptible difference is formed between the filling material (18) and the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), the method comprising the steps of: - providing a decorative material intended for forming the decorative layer (11) with a front side (12) designed as a visible side and a rear side (13) opposite the front side (12), - Attaching or applying the opaque and / or opaque layer (14) to the back (13) of the decorative layer (11), - Applying a transparent or translucent carrier material to the back (15) of the opaque and / or opaque layer (14) to form the carrier (16), - introducing at least one opening (17) into the decorative layer (11) from the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) through the opaque and / or opaque layer (14) such that the opening(s) (17) represent a symbol on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), - Filling the opening(s) (17) with a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering filling material (18), wherein the filling material (18) is introduced into the opening(s) (17), wherein the filling material (18) only partially fills the opening(s) (17) and thus one or more depressions (20) are formed on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), so that the surface (21) of the filling material (18) and the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) lie in different planes and / or a haptically perceptible difference is formed between the filling material (18) and the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), wherein the decorative layer (11) is a wood veneer, characterized in that to form the one or more depressions (20), the opening(s) (17) are first filled with filler material (18) up to a maximum of the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), and then the decorative layer (11) is caused to swell, so that the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) is raised above the surface (21) of the filler material (18) as a result of the swelling, so that the filler material (18) subsequently only partially fills the opening(s) (17), wherein a plurality of depressions (20) are formed on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11).

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a molded part, in particular a decorative part and / or cladding part designed as a molded part for a vehicle interior.The molded part to be produced comprises a decorative layer having a front side designed as a visible side and a rear side opposite the front side, an opaque and / or opaque layer arranged on the rear side of the decorative layer, and a carrier arranged on a rear side of the opaque and / or opaque layer and transparent or translucent at least in sections. At least one aperture extends through the decorative layer and through the opaque and / or opaque layer, wherein the aperture or apertures are provided for the purpose of displaying a symbol on the front side of the decorative layer. In each case a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering filler material is introduced into the aperture or apertures.The symbol is preferably one or more function symbols or geometries or shape-following lines, which are to be displayed on the visible side of the decorative layer of the molded part. Furthermore, the symbol can also be one or more letters, fonts, characters or other design elements.Such a molded part is known, for example, from DE 20 20 2017 104 082 U1, in particular molded parts with integrated design elements are known. However, the requirements placed on such molded parts always increase.In the molded part to be produced, it is to be provided that the filling material only partially fills the aperture or apertures and thus one or more depressions are formed on the front side of the decorative layer, so that the surface of the filling material and the front side of the decorative layer lie in different planes and / or a haptically detectable difference is formed between filling material and front side of the decorative layer.Regarding the prior art, reference is also made to DE 10 2012 002 650 B4, DE 10 2016 217 949 A1, DE 10 2014 005 288 A1, DE 10 2016 120 421 A1 and DE 20 2015 103 830 U1.In particular, optical design elements are desired on the one hand for illustrating or displaying a symbol or other design on the molding surface in order to make it recognizable, in particular in poor or weak lighting conditions. On the other hand, the symbol should also be positionable for a user in poor or weak lighting conditions without the user having to look at the symbol. For example, this plays an important role if the symbol indicates the position of switches, buttons or further input units in the vehicle, and a driver wishes to actuate them without diverting the gaze from the road.The invention is based on the object of specifying a novel method for producing a molded part, in which a symbol can be localized both optically and non-optically for a user.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.The method according to the invention for producing the abovementioned shaped part comprises the steps:providing a decorative material provided for forming the decorative layer, having a front side configured as a visible side and a rear side opposite the front side,applying or applying the opaque and / or opaque layer to the rear side of the decorative layer,attaching, in particular injection molding and / or attaching, for example adhering, a transparent or translucent carrier material, in particular plastic, to the rear side of the opaque and / or opaque layer in order to form the carrier, in particular the plastic carrier,introducing at least one aperture into the decorative layer from the front side of the decorative layer as far as through the light-impermeable and / or opaque layer, in such a way that the aperture or apertures represent a symbol on the front side of the decorative layer,filling the aperture or apertures with a transparent or translucent and / or light-diffusing filling material, wherein the filling material is introduced into the aperture or apertures in such a way that the filling material only partially fills the aperture or apertures and thus one or more depressions are formed on the front side of the decorative layer, such that the surface of the filling material and the front side of the decorative layer lie in different planes and / or a haptically perceptible difference is formed between filling material and the front side of the decorative layer, wherein the decorative layer is a wood veneer, and for forming the one or more depressions the aperture or apertures are first filled with filling material up to the maximum of the front side of the decorative layer, and the decorative layer is subsequently made to swell, such that the front side of the decorative layer is lifted beyond the surface of the filling material as a result of the swelling, such that the filling material then only partially fills the aperture or apertures, wherein a plurality of depressions are formed on the front side of the decorative layer.An advantage of the method according to the invention is in particular that a haptic which was not realizable with previously known methods can be realized on the front side of the decorative layer.Preferably, the aperture or apertures are introduced into the decorative layer and the opaque and / or opaque layer by means of lasers.According to a particularly preferred embodiment variant of the method, at least one light source for illuminating and / or transilluminating the aperture or apertures and / or the filling material, preferably in the region of the at least one aperture, is integrated in the material of the carrier or arranged in a recess in the carrier or on a rear side or in a side region of the carrier.It can be provided that a protective lacquer is applied to the front side of the decorative layer before the introduction of the at least one aperture or before the filling of the aperture or apertures with filling material, in particular in such a way that the front side of the protective lacquer and the surface of the filling material to be provided lie in different planes after the later filling of the aperture or apertures with the filling material. Alternatively, the protective varnish can also be applied to the front side of the decorative layer after the introduction of the at least one aperture or after the filling of the aperture or apertures with filling material. In all variants, a protective lacquer is applied to the front side of the decorative layer in particular in such a way that a haptically perceptible difference remains between the filling material and the front side of the decorative layer.The advantages of the molded part produced using the method according to the invention lie in particular in the fact that the symbol can be sensed both visually and haptically in relation to the decorative layer, so that a localization of the symbol is possible for a user both visually and non-visually.The molded part produced by the method according to the invention can be further developed or configured as follows:It can be provided that a plurality of apertures are formed, wherein both completely filled apertures with projecting length and partially filled apertures are formed as a depression.According to a preferred embodiment variant, it is provided that the molded part has at least one light source for illuminating and / or transilluminating the aperture or apertures and / or the filling material, wherein the light source is integrated in the material of the carrier, preferably in the region of the at least one aperture, or is arranged in a recess in the carrier or on a rear side or in a side region of the carrier.The opaque and / or opaque layer may comprise nonwoven and / or adhesive or may be a nonwoven-adhesive composite.Alternatively, the opaque and / or opaque layer can also comprise or be a printing layer and / or a film and / or an adhesive layer and / or a laminating material.The carrier is preferably designed as a plastic carrier, in particular molded-on or injection-molded by injection molding. The plastic carrier can also be formed separately and connected to the opaque and / or opaque layer by means of joining, for example adhesive bonding.It is preferably provided that the filling material is a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering paint, and / or comprises a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering paint.According to one embodiment variant, a protective lacquer is applied to the front side of the decorative layer in such a way that a haptically detectable difference remains between the filling material and the front side of the decorative layer. In particular, the surface of the filling material and the front side of the protective varnish lie in different planes, so that a haptically perceptible difference remains between filling material and the front side of the decorative layer provided with the protective varnish.Furthermore, it can be provided that the depression has a depth of between 0.001 and 0.9 mm, preferably between 0.01 and 0.1 mm, with respect to the front side of the decorative layer.The protective lacquer preferably has a layer thickness in the micrometer range. Particularly preferably, the layer thickness of the protective lacquer is smaller than the height of the protrusion.The invention is also explained in more detail below with regard to further features and advantages on the basis of the description of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the appended schematic drawings. Figure shows FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a molded part which is not produced by a method according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a molded part which is produced by a method according to the invention.Corresponding parts and components are each denoted by the same reference numerals.FIGS. 1 and 2 each show an exemplary embodiment of a decorative part and / or cladding part configured as a molded part 10 for a vehicle interior. FIG. 1 shows a molded part 10 not produced by a method according to the invention, whereas FIG. 2 shows a molded part 10 produced by a method according to the invention.The molded part 10 comprises a decorative layer 11 designed as a wood veneer with a front side 12 designed as a visible side and a rear side 13 opposite the front side 12, an opaque and / or opaque layer 14 made of an adhesive-nonwoven composite arranged on the rear side 13 of the decorative layer 11, and a plastic carrier 16 arranged on a rear side 15 of the opaque and / or opaque layer 14 and transparent or translucent at least in sections.A plurality of apertures 17 extend through the decorative layer 11 and through the opaque and / or opaque layer 14, wherein the apertures 17 are provided on the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 for the purpose of displaying a symbol, for example a function symbol.In each case a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering filling material 18 is introduced into the apertures 17. The filling material 18 is a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering lacquer.According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, which is not produced by a method according to the invention, the filling material 18 completely fills the apertures 17 and furthermore forms protrusions 19 on the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11, which protrusions protrude beyond the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11, such that the surface 21 of the filling material 18 and the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 lie in different planes and / or a haptically detectable difference is formed between the filling material 18 and the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11. The protrusions 19 preferably have a height between 0.01 and 0.5 mm with respect to the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11.According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 produced by a method according to the invention, the filling material 18 only partially fills the apertures 17, wherein depressions 20 are therefore formed on the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11, such that the surface 21 of the filling material 18 and the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 lie in different planes and / or a haptically detectable difference is formed between the filling material 18 and the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11. The depressions 20 preferably have a depth of between 0.01 and 0.1 mm with respect to the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11.According to both exemplary embodiments, a light source 22 is provided for illuminating and / or transilluminating the aperture or apertures 17 and / or the filling material 18, wherein the light source 22 is arranged in the region of the apertures 17 on a rear side 23 of the carrier 16.Both according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 and according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the symbol formed by the apertures 17 can be sensed both visually and haptically, for example by backlighting.FIGS. 1 and 2 show that a protective lacquer 24 is applied to the front side of the decorative layer 11, wherein the surface 21 of the filling material 18 and the front side 25 of the protective lacquer 24 lie in different planes, so that a haptically perceptible difference remains between filling material 18 and the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 provided with the protective lacquer 24.The protective varnish 24 preferably has a layer thickness in the micrometer range. Particularly preferably, the layer thickness of the protective varnish 24 according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 is smaller than the height of the protrusions 19.A method for producing the molded part 10 will be described below by way of example.First, a decorative material provided for forming the decorative layer 11 is provided, having a front side 12 designed as a visible side and a rear side 13 opposite the front side 12.Subsequently, the light-opaque and / or opaque layer 14 is attached, in particular glued, to the rear side 13 of the decorative layer 11.A transparent or translucent carrier material is then injection-molded onto the rear side 15 of the light-opaque and / or opaque layer 14 in order to form the carrier 16.The basic component for producing the molded part 10 is now produced.In order to produce the molded part 10 according to the exemplary embodiment not produced according to the invention according to FIG. 1, a masking, in particular a masking film, is now applied to the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 in order to form the protrusions 19, wherein the masking has a layer thickness of at least the height of the protrusions 19 to be provided.The masking has either apertures already corresponding to the apertures 17 to be provided, or the apertures 17 are also introduced into the masking during the subsequent introduction into the decorative layer 11 and the light-opaque and / or opaque layer 14.In a next step, the apertures 17 are introduced into the decorative layer 11 from the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 as far as through the light-impermeable and / or opaque layer 14, by means of lasers in such a way that the apertures 17 represent a symbol to be provided or desired on the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11.In a further step, the apertures 17 are filled with a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering filling material 18 made of paint, wherein the filling material 18 is introduced into the aperture or apertures 17 in such a way that the apertures 17 are completely filled with filling material 18 at least as far as the front side of the masking.The masking is then removed, with protrusions 19 of the filling material 18 remaining on the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11, which protrude beyond the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11, so that the surface 21 of the filling material 18 and the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 lie in different planes and / or a haptically detectable difference is formed between the filling material 18 and the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11.It can be provided that before the removal of the masking, the front side of the masking and the surface 21 of the filling material 18 are ground or ground in order to realize clear edges of the filling material 18 after the removal of the masking.In order to produce the molded part 10 produced by the method according to the invention according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, wood veneer is first used as decorative layer 11 during the production of the above-described basic component.Subsequently, after the production of the base component, a plurality of apertures 17 are introduced into the decorative layer 11 from the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 as far as through the light-opaque and / or opaque layer 14, by means of lasers in such a way that the apertures 17 represent a symbol on the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11.To form the depressions 20, the apertures 17 are first filled up to the maximum of the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 with a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering filler material 18 made of paint, and the decorative layer 11 is then made to swell by washing or vapor deposition, so that the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 rises beyond the surface 21 of the filler material 18 as a result of the swelling, wherein the filler material 18 then only partially fills the apertures 17. In this way, depressions 20 are formed on the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11, with the result that the surface 21 of the filling material 18 and the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 lie in different planes and / or a haptically perceptible difference is formed between filling material 18 and front side 12 of the decorative layer 11.During the production of the molded parts 10 according to both exemplary embodiments, a light source 22 for illuminating and / or transilluminating the apertures 17 and / or the filling material 18 is arranged in the region of the apertures 17, on a rear side 23 of the carrier 16.Before the apertures 17 are introduced or before the apertures 17 are filled with filling material 18, a protective lacquer 24 is applied to the front side 12 of the decorative layer 11 in such a way that the front side 25 of the protective lacquer 24 and the surface 21 of the filling material 18 to be provided lie in different planes after the apertures 17 are later filled with the filling material 18.List of reference characters10 Molded part 11 Decorative layer 12 Front side 13 Rear side 14 Opaque and / or opaque layer 15 Rear side 16 Carrier 17 Aperture 18 Filler material 19 Protrusion 20 Depression 21 Surface 22 Light source 23 Rear side 24 Protective varnish 25 Front side

Claims

Method for producing a shaped part (10) comprising a decorative layer (11) having a front side (12) formed as a visible side and a rear side (13) opposite the front side (12), an opaque and / or opaque layer (14) arranged on the rear side (13) of the decorative layer (11), and a carrier (16) arranged on a rear side (15) of the opaque and / or opaque layer (14) and transparent or translucent at least in sections, wherein at least one aperture (17) extends through the decorative layer (11) and through the opaque and / or opaque layer (14), wherein the aperture or apertures (17) are provided for displaying a symbol on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), wherein a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering filler material (18) is respectively introduced into the aperture or apertures (17), wherein the filling material (18) only partially fills the aperture or apertures (17) and thus one or more depressions (20) are formed on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), such that the surface (21) of the filling material (18) and the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) lie in different planes and / or a haptically detectable difference is formed between the filling material (18) and the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), wherein the method comprises the steps of: - providing a decorative material provided for forming the decorative layer (11), having a front side (12) formed as a visible side and a rear side (13) opposite the front side (12), - applying or applying the light-impermeable and / or opaque layer (14) to the rear side (13) of the decorative layer (11), attaching a transparent or translucent carrier material to the rear side (15) of the opaque and / or opaque layer (14) for forming the carrier (16), introducing at least one aperture (17) into the decorative layer (11) from the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) as far as through the opaque and / or opaque layer (14) in such a way that the aperture or apertures (17) represent a symbol on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), filling the aperture or apertures (17) with a transparent or translucent and / or light-scattering filling material (18), wherein the filling material (18) is introduced into the aperture or apertures (17), wherein the filling material (18) only partially fills the aperture or apertures (17) and thus one or more depressions (20) are formed on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), such that the surface (21) of the filling material (18) and the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) lie in different planes and / or a haptically detectable difference is formed between filling material (18) and the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), wherein the decorative layer (11) is a wood veneer, characterized in that, in order to form the one or more depressions (20), the aperture or apertures (17) are initially filled with filling material (18) up to a maximum of the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11), and the decorative layer (11) is subsequently made to swell, such that the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) is lifted beyond the surface (21) of the filling material (18) by the swelling, such that the filling material (18) then only partially fills the aperture or apertures (17), wherein a plurality of depressions (20) are formed on the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11).Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the aperture or apertures (17) are introduced into the decorative layer (11) and the light-opaque and / or opaque layer (14) by means of lasers.Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one light source (22) for illuminating and / or transilluminating the aperture or apertures (17) and / or the filling material (18), preferably in the region of the at least one aperture (17), is integrated in the material of the carrier (16) or is arranged in a recess in the carrier (16) or on a rear side (23) or in a side region of the carrier (16).Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a protective lacquer (24) is applied to the front side (12) of the decorative layer (11) before the introduction of the at least one aperture (17) or before the filling of the aperture or apertures (17) with filling material (18).

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