Adhesive tape for wrapping cables and use

Abstract

Adhesive tape for wrapping cables, consisting of a textile carrier and a pressure-sensitive adhesive in the form of a dried polymer dispersion applied to at least one side of the carrier, the polymer being composed of: (a) 70.0 to 90.0 wt.% n-butyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, wherein n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate are used in a ratio of 2:1 to 1:2, (b) 10.0 to 20.0 wt.% as monomer (b) one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, wherein at least 50.0 wt.% of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprise methyl methacrylate (c) 0 to 10.0 wt.% of another ethylenically unsaturated monomer other than monomer (b) (d) 0 to 5.0 wt.% of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function and the pressure-sensitive adhesive contains between 3 and 20 parts by weight of tackifier based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion, wherein the tackifiers have a softening point above 90 °C according to ASTM E28-99 (2009).

Description

The invention relates to an adhesive tape according to claims 1 to 11.For some time, adhesive tapes have been used in industry for producing cable harnesses. The adhesive tapes are used for bundling a multiplicity of electrical lines before installation or in an already mounted state, in order, for example, to reduce the space requirement of the line bundle by banding and additionally to achieve protective functions such as protection against mechanical and / or thermal stress.Common forms of adhesive tapes comprise film or textile supports which are generally coated on one side with pressure-sensitive adhesives. Adhesive tapes for enclosing elongate articles are known, for example, from EP 1 848 006 A2, DE 10 2013 213 726 A1 and EP 2 497 805 A1. Furthermore, adhesive tapes are disclosed in publications DE 10 2011 075 152 A1 and DE 10 2008 059 050 A1 which comprise pressure-sensitive adhesives based on a combination of polymers comprising n-butyl acrylate (nBA) and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2EHA), these polymers being combined with tackifiers.Adhesive tapes for cable sheathing are tested and classified in the automotive industry according to extensive standards works such as, for example, LV 312-1 "Protective Systems for Line Sets in Motor Vehicles, Adhesive Tapes; Test Guideline" (10 / 2009) as a common standard of the companies Daimler, Audi, BMW and People's Car or the Ford specification ES-XU5T-1A303-aa (Revision 09 / 2009) "Urinary Tape Performance Specification"). Hereinafter, these standards will be referred to as LV 312 and Ford specification, respectively, for short.The noise attenuation, the abrasion resistance and the temperature resistance of an adhesive tape are determined using defined test setups and test methods as described in detail in LV 312.Cable winding tapes are widely used with film and textile supports which are generally coated on one side with different PSAs.In addition to a series of requirements such as chemical compatibility, high bond strength, compatibility with changing substrates which are placed on adhesive tapes, uneven, uneven substrates must also be reliably bonded in the automotive industry by the cable strands, corrugated pipes and branches. This is accompanied by bending and tensile stress during production, installation and subsequent use in the engine compartment of an automobile or also in the body with constant bending stress during the opening of doors.Since the end of the adhesive tape is ideally bonded to its own rear side, a good immediate adhesive force (tack) must be present on this substrate so that the adhesive tape does not flag at the beginning. In order to permanently ensure flagging of free product, the anchoring on the substrate and the internal strength of the adhesive must be so pronounced that the adhesive bond also has occurred under the influence of stress (tensile and bending stress).When winding a cable set, the adhesive tape is bonded around the cable from not at all to completely overlapping, which generally has a small radius, so that the adhesive tape is very strongly curved. At the end of a winding section, the tape is usually predominantly wound onto its own rear side, so that the degree of overlap is virtually complete, similar to the conventional dosage form as an adhesive tape roll, where the adhesive is likewise bonded to its own rear side. During flagging, static forces act, for example, as a result of the bending stiffness of the carrier and the winding tension, which can lead to the open adhesive tape ends being set up in an undesired manner, similar to starting automatic unwinding. The flagging resistance is thus the ability of the adhesive to resist this static force.Flagging is understood to mean-in the case of an adhesive tape wound around a body-the tendency of an adhesive tape end to stand. The cause arises from the combination of the holding force by the adhesive, the stiffness of the support and the diameter of the cable set.The detection of the flagging resistance of wire harnessing (WH) cable winding tapes is carried out by the TFT method (threshold flagging time). A limit value of clearly more than 1000 min TFT, preferably more than 2000 min TFT, is defined as the target variable for a perfectly flagging-free fabric product.An alternative method is the SWAT method, as explained below.The adhesive tape is intended to protect the lines from damage caused by abrasion, for example at sharp edges. Therefore, in particular correspondingly robust carrier materials are used. The adhesive tapes are therefore classified into abrasion classes A to E according to LV 312.The cable insulation must not be brittle over a relatively long period of time due to the effect of the adhesive tape in combination with elevated temperature. According to LV 312, inter alia, a distinction is made here between four temperature classes T1 to T4, corresponding to 80° C. (also called temperature class A), 105° C. (also called temperature class B(105)), 125 ° C. (also called temperature class C) and 150° C. (also called temperature class D), to which the wound cables must withstand for more than 3000 h without embrittlement. It goes without saying that the temperature classes T3 and T4 place higher demands on the adhesive tape than the lower classes T1 and T2. The classification T1 to T4 is decided by the cable insulation material as well as by the pressure-sensitive adhesive and carrier type.Cable winding tapes with pressure-sensitive adhesives based on natural rubber usually exhibit good flagging resistance, but exhibit an increasing rolling force over the storage time, and above all at increasing temperatures. Moreover, they meet only the lower temperature classes for cable compatibility.Adhesive tapes based on synthetic rubbers (styrene block copolymers) behave similarly to SBS / SIS. Even the hydrogenated types are limited in temperature class.Furthermore, cable winding tapes with PSAs based on UV-coated polyacrylic esters are found. These meet the high temperature classes, but tend to flag off.The realization of adhesive tapes which can be easily rolled off (for cable banding) while simultaneously maintaining good adhesive properties represents a great challenge because both properties seem to be ruled out, since the essential criteria in the case of cable winding tapes which are adhesive on one side, the adapted rolling force and the sufficiently high adhesive force are in sharp contrast to one another. While good flow and anchoring behavior of the PSA is assumed for good bond strength values and a low flagging potential associated therewith, these criteria are rather detrimental to pleasant unwind behavior.In the case of adhesive tapes which have been produced from textile fabric backings, there is the risk that individual yarns, primarily the warp yarns, tear out of the adhesive tape-the so-called sheeting. Since the adhesive tape for transport is usually wound up completely overlapping on individual rolls in a certain width, it must first be unwound for processing before it can be applied to the cable. During this unwinding, the risk of individual warp threads tearing out is greatest. The tearing out of the threads complicates processing and can weaken the stability of the carrier and thus of the adhesive tape. Therefore, when a tear occurs, the broken threads must first be cut off before the unrolled adhesive tape and the remaining adhesive tape roll can be used further. This prevents rapid and effective processing.The flying is caused when the force acting on individual threads is higher than that which ensures the cohesion of the threads and thus of the fabric carrier. The cohesion of the threads of a woven adhesive tape and hence the weaving resistance are defined by the type of woven fabric (raw materials, production mode, finishing) and the nature of the adhesive applied.The staining resistance is quantified by measuring the force required to draw a defined amount of warp threads out of the backing of the coated adhesive tape.A limit value of 1,400 mN is defined as the target variable for a satisfactory and thus good product.The object of the present invention is to provide an adhesive tape which, despite easy unwindability, has good resistance to flagging and at the same time has good sheeting and which enables the particularly simple, inexpensive and rapid sheathing of elongate material such as cable sets in automobiles.This object is achieved by an adhesive tape as laid down in the main claim. The subject matter of the dependent claims is in this case advantageous developments of the adhesive tape and methods for applying the adhesive tape.Accordingly, the invention relates to an adhesive tape for wrapping cables, comprising a textile carrier and a PSA applied to at least one side of the carrier in the form of a dried and crosslinker-free polymer dispersion, the polymer being composed of: (a) 70.0 to 90.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, where n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate are used in a ratio of 2:1 to 1:2, (b) 10.0 to 20.0% by weight as monomer (b) one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, wherein at least 50.0% by weight of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprise methyl methacrylate (c) 0 to 10.0% by weight of a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer (d) different from monomer (b) 0 to 5.0% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function.According to the invention, the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises between 3 and 20 parts by weight of tackifier, based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion, the tackifiers having a softening point above 90° C. in accordance with ASTM E28-99 (2009).According to the invention, n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate are used simultaneously, namely in a ratio of 2:1 to 1:2, preferably in a ratio of 1.25:1 to 1:1.25, particularly preferably in a ratio of 1:1.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, crosslinkers are added to the PSA, i.e. compounds capable of crosslinking.As used herein, the term cross-linker means chemical compounds capable of linking molecular chains together to form three-dimensional cross-linked structures from the two-dimensional structures via formation of intermolecular bridges.Crosslinkers are those-in particular bi- or polyfunctional, usually low molecular weight-compounds which can react under the chosen crosslinking conditions with suitable-in particular functional-groups of the polymers to be crosslinked, thus link two or more polymers or polymer sites to one another (form "bridges") and thus create a network of the polymer to be crosslinked or the polymers to be crosslinked. This generally leads to an increase in cohesion.Typical examples of crosslinkers are chemical compounds which have two or more identical or different functional groups within the molecule or at the two molecule ends and can consequently crosslink molecules of identical or else different structures with one another. In addition, a cross-linking agent can react with the reactive monomer or reactive resin as defined above without causing polymerization in the actual sense. This is because, in contrast to the activator, as described above, a crosslinking agent can be incorporated into the polymer network.In addition to the acrylate polymers listed, additives such as light stabilizers or aging inhibitors can additionally be added to the PSA in the amounts mentioned below, in addition to residual monomers which may be present. In particular, no further polymers such as elastomers are present in the PSA, i.e. the polymers of the PSA consist only of the monomers (a) to (b) or (a) to (d) in the stated quantitative ratios.Suitable monomers (b) and monomer (c) are advantageously alkyl (meth)acrylates, preferably C 1- to C 20- alkyl (meth)acrylates with the exception of the monomers forming (a), aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, α-methylstyrene and vinyltoluene, C 1- to C 10- hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as, in particular, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids containing up to 20 carbon atoms such as vinyl acetate or vinyl laurate, vinyl ethers of alcohols containing up to 10 carbon atoms such as vinyl methyl ether or vinyl isobutyl ether, vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride or vinylidene dichloride, Acid amides such as acrylamide or methacrylamide and unsaturated hydrocarbons having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propene, butadiene, isoprene, 1-hexene or 1-octene.Ethyl acrylate is particularly preferred according to the invention.At least 50.0% by weight of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers (monomer (b) and optionally monomer (c)) are methyl methacrylate, preferably at least 70.0% by weight, more preferably at least 75.0% by weight, particularly preferably 100% by weight.Suitable monomers (d) are advantageously, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and / or maleic anhydride.Preference is given to (meth)acrylic acid of the formula I, where R is 3= H or CH 3 and preference is given to using the mixture of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid if appropriate. Acrylic acid is particularly preferred.According to a particularly preferred variant, the polymer has the following composition: (a) 77.5 to 82.5 wt. %, preferably 79.5 to 80.5 wt. % of n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, wherein n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate are used in a ratio of 2:1 to 1:2, preferably 1.25:1 to 1:1.25, (b) 5.0 to 15.0 wt. %, preferably 8.0 to 12.0 wt. % of methyl methacrylate (c) 4.0 to 12.0 wt. %, preferably 5.0 wt. % to 9.0 wt. % of in particular vinyl ester (d) 0.5 to 3.5 wt. %, preferably 1.0 wt. % to 3.0 wt. % of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride functionMonomer (c) can also be selected from the group of vinyl esters of carboxylic acids containing up to 20 carbon atoms, such as vinyl acetate or vinyl laurate, or vinyl ethers of alcohols containing up to 10 carbon atoms, such as vinyl methyl ether or vinyl isobutyl ether.The polymer dispersion is prepared by the process of emulsion polymerization of said components. Descriptions of this method can be found, for example, in "Emulsion Polymerization and Emulsion Polymers" by Peter A. Lovell and Mohamed S. EI-Asser-Wiley-VCH 1997-ISBN 0-471-96746-7 or in EP 1 378 527 B1.In the polymerization, it cannot be ruled out that not all monomers are converted to polymers. It is obvious that the residual monomer content should be as low as possible.Preference is given to providing adhesives comprising the polymer dispersion having a residual monomer content of less than or equal to 1% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 0.5% by weight (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion).The adhesive is a pressure-sensitive adhesive, i.e. an adhesive which already allows a permanent bond with almost all substrates under relatively weak pressure and can be detached from the substrate again after use substantially without residue. A pressure-sensitive adhesive has a permanently pressure-sensitive adhesive effect at room temperature, i.e. has a sufficiently low viscosity and a high tack, so that it wets the surface of the respective adhesive base even at low pressure. The bondability of the adhesive is based on its adhesive properties and the redetachability is based on its cohesive properties.In order to achieve pressure-sensitively adhesive properties, the adhesive must be at the processing temperature above its glass transition temperature in order to have viscoelastic properties. Since the cable harness winding takes place at normal ambient temperature (approximately between 15° C. and 25° C.), the glass transition temperature of the PSA formulation is preferably below + 15° C., determined by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) in accordance with DIN 53 765 at a heating rate of 10 K / min.The glass transition temperature of the acrylate copolymers can be estimated from the glass transition temperatures of the homopolymers and their relative proportions according to the equation of Fox).In order to obtain polymers, for example pressure-sensitive adhesives or heat-sealing compositions, having desired glass transition temperatures, the quantitative composition of the monomer mixture is advantageously chosen such that, according to an equation (G1), the composition is determined analogously to the Fox equation (compare T. G. Fox, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 1956, 1, 123) gives the desired T G- value for the polymer.The glass transition temperature is necessarily increased by about 5 to 40 K, depending on the amount of addition, compatibility and softening temperature, by the optional addition of tackifiers.Acrylate copolymers having a glass transition temperature of not more than 0° C. are therefore preferred.With a weight per unit area of the adhesive of 30 g / m 2 on a 23 μm polyester film as carrier, the polymers according to the invention have an adhesive strength to steel of at least 1.0 N / cm according to ASTM D330.According to the general understanding of the skilled worker, an "tackifier resin" is understood to mean an oligomeric or polymeric resin which increases the autoadhesion (tack, inherent tackiness) of the PSA compared with the PSA which does not comprise any tackifier resin but is otherwise identical.The use of tackifiers to increase the adhesive strengths of PSAs is known in principle. This effect is also obtained when between 3 and 20 parts by weight (corresponding to ≤20 parts by weight) or preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight of tackifier, based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion, are added to the adhesive. Preferably, 5 to 12, more preferably 6 to 10, parts by weight of tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion) is further added.Tackifier resins having a softening point above 100° C. in accordance with ASTM E28-99 (2009) are preferred.Tackifiers, also referred to as tackifier resins, are in principle all known classes of substance suitable. Tackifiers are, for example, hydrocarbon resins (for example polymers based on unsaturated C 5- or C 9- monomers), terpene-phenol resins, polyterpene resins based on raw materials such as, for example, α- or β-pinene, aromatic resins such as coumarone-indene resins or resins based on styrene or α-methylstyrene such as rosin and its secondary products, for example disproportionated, dimerized or esterified rosin, for example reaction products with glycol, glycerol or pentaerythritol, just to name a few. Preference is given to resins without readily oxidizable double bonds, such as terpene-phenol resins, aromatic resins and, more preferably, resins which are prepared by hydrogenation, such as, for example, hydrogenated aromatic resins, hydrogenated polycyclopentadiene resins, hydrogenated rosin derivatives or hydrogenated polyterpene resins.Preference is given to resins based on terpenephenols and rosin esters.Particular preference is given to resins based on terpenephenols and rosin esters having a softening point above 100° C. in accordance with ASTM E28-99 (2009). The resins are advantageously used in dispersion form. They can thus be mixed with the polymer dispersion in a finely divided manner without problems.To further improve the cable compatibility, the adhesive formulation may optionally be blended with light stabilizers or primary and / or secondary aging inhibitors.Antioxidants which can be used are products based on sterically hindered phenols, phosphites, thiosynergists, sterically hindered amines or UV absorbers.Primary antioxidants such as, for example, Irganox 1010 or Irganox 254, alone or in combination with secondary antioxidants such as, for example, Irgafos TNPP or Irgafos 168, are preferably used.The antioxidants can be used in any combination with one another, mixtures of primary and secondary antioxidants in combination with light stabilizers such as, for example, Tinuvin 213 exhibiting particularly good anti-ageing effect.Anti-aging agents in which a primary antioxidant is combined with a secondary antioxidant in one molecule have proven to be especially advantageous. These antioxidants are cresol derivatives whose aromatic ring is substituted at any two different sites, preferably in the ortho- and meta-position to the OH group, by thioalkyl chains, it also being possible for the sulfur atom to be connected via one or more alkyl chains to the aromatic ring of the cresol building block. The number of carbon atoms between the aromatic and the sulfur atom may be between 1 and 10, preferably between 1 and 4. The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl side chain may be between 1 and 25, preferably between 6 and 16. Particular preference is given here to compounds of the type 4,6-bis(dodecylthiomethyl)-o-cresol, 4,6-bis(undecylthiomethyl)-o-cresol, 4,6-bis(decylthiomethyl)-o-cresol, 4,6-bis(nonylthiomethyl)-o-cresol or 4,6-bis(octylthiomethyl)-o-cresol. Such antioxidants are offered, for example, by Firm Ciba Geigy under the name Irganox 1726 or Irganox 1520.The amount of added anti-ageing agent or anti-ageing agent package should be in a range between 0.1 and 10 parts by weight, based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion, preferably in a range between 0.2 and 5 parts by weight, based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion, particularly preferably in a range between 0.5 and 3 parts by weight, based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion.The dosage form is preferably in the form of a dispersion for particularly simple miscibility with the adhesive dispersion. Alternatively, liquid antioxidants can also be incorporated directly into the dispersion, wherein the incorporation step should also be followed by a service life for a few hours in order to enable homogeneous distribution in the dispersion or absorption of the antioxidant into the dispersion particles. A further alternative is the addition of an organic solution of the anti-ageing agents into the dispersion.Suitable concentrations are in the range from 0.1 to 8, preferably 0.1 to 5, parts by weight, based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion.To improve the processing properties, the adhesive formulation may further be blended with customary process auxiliaries such as rheology additives (thickeners), defoamers, de-blowers, wetting agents or flow control agents. Suitable concentrations range from 0.1 up to 5 parts by weight based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion.In principle, a distinction is made between organic and inorganic rheology additives.The organic thickeners in turn split up into two essential principles of action: (i) the thickening of the aqueous phase, i.e. non-associating, and (ii) the association of thickener molecule with particles, in part with inclusion of the stabilizers (emulsifiers). Representatives of the first (i) group of substances are water-soluble polyacrylic acids and polyacrylic acids which form polyelectrolytes with a large hydrodynamic volume in the basic medium. The skilled person also briefly designates this as ASE (alkali swellable emulsion). They are distinguished by high static shear viscosities and high shear dilution. Another class of substances are the modified polysaccharides, in particular cellulose ethers such as carboxymethylcellulose, 2-hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethyl-2-hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose, 2-hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, 2-hydroxyethylethylcellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, 2-hydroxybutylmethylcellulose. In addition, this class of substances includes less widely used polysaccharides such as starch derivatives and special polyethers.The active group of the (ii) associative thickeners are in principle block copolymers having a water-soluble middle block and hydrophobic end blocks, the end blocks interacting with the particles or themselves and thus forming a space network with inclusion of the particles. Typical representatives are familiar to the skilled worker as HASE (hydrophobically modified alkali swellable emulsion), HEUR (hydrophobically modified ethylene oxide urethanes) or HMHEC (hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose). In the case of the HASE thickeners, the central block is an ASE, the end blocks are usually long, hydrophobic alkyl chains coupled via polyethylene oxide bridges. In the case of HEUR, the water-soluble middle block is a polyurethane, in the case of HMHEC a 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose. The non-ionic HEUR and HMHEC in particular are largely insensitive to pH.Depending on the structure, the associative thickeners bring about more or less Newton's (shear rate-independent) or pseudoplastic (shear-liquifying) flow behavior. They sometimes also exhibit a thixotropic character, i.e. they exhibit not only a shear force dependence of the viscosity but also a time dependence.The inorganic thickeners are usually sheet silicates of natural or synthetic origin, examples being hectorites and smectites. In contact with water, the individual layers dissolve from one another. Due to different charges on surfaces and edges of the platelets, they form a space-filling card house structure at rest, resulting in high at rest shear viscosities up to yield points. Upon shear, the card house structure collapses and a marked drop in shear viscosity is observed. Depending on the charge, concentration and geometric dimensions of the platelets, the structure may take some time, so that it is also possible to achieve thixotropy with such inorganic thickeners.Some of the thickeners can be stirred directly into the adhesive dispersion or some of them are advantageously pre-diluted or pre-dispersed in water beforehand.Suppliers of thickeners are, for example, OMG Borchers, Omya, Byk Chemie, Dow Chemical Company, Evonik, Rockwood or Cointing Chemie.Fillers (reinforcing or non-reinforcing) such as silicon dioxides (spherical, needle-shaped, platelet-shaped or irregular like the pyrogenic silicas), glass as solid or hollow spheres, microballoons, calcium carbonates, zinc oxides, titanium dioxides, aluminum oxides or aluminum oxide hydroxides can serve both for adjusting the processability and also the adhesive properties. Suitable concentrations range from 0.1 to 20 parts by weight based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion.In a preferred embodiment, the adhesive formulation according to the invention has an adhesive force to steel of at least 2.0 N / cm (at an adhesive mass basis weight of about 100 g / m 2 to polyester fabric as carrier according to the example) in accordance with ASTM D330.Suitable supports according to the invention are textile supports and particularly preferably woven fabrics, in particular polyester woven fabrics.The backing material for the adhesive tape can be any known textile backing such as knits, laid scrims, tapes, braids, tuft fabrics, felts, woven fabrics (comprising plain weave, twill weave and atlas weave), knitted fabrics (comprising warp knit and knit) or nonwovens, where "nonwoven" is to be understood as meaning at least textile planar structures according to EN 29092 (1988), and stitch-bonded nonwovens and similar systems.Particularly advantageous is an adhesive tape in which a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or a knitted fabric is used as the carrier. Such supports are described, for example, in WO 2015 / 004190 A1.Spacer fabrics and knitted fabrics with lamination can also be used. Spacer fabrics of this type are disclosed in EP 0 071 212 B1. Spacer fabrics are mat-shaped layered bodies with a cover layer made of a fiber or filament fleece, a backing layer and individual or tufts of holding fibers present between these layers, which are needled through the particle layer distributed over the surface of the layered body and connect the cover layer and the backing layer to each other. As an additional, but not required feature, according to EP 0 071 212 B1, particles of inert rock, such as sand, gravel or the like, are present in the retaining fibers.The holding fibers needled through the particle layer hold the cover layer and the backing layer at a distance from each other and are bonded to the cover layer and the backing layer.Suitable nonwovens are particularly consolidated staple fiber nonwovens, but also filament, meltblown and spunbonded nonwovens, which are usually additionally to be consolidated. Mechanical, thermal and chemical consolidation are known as possible consolidation methods for nonwovens. If, in the case of mechanical consolidations, the fibers are usually held together purely mechanically by swirling of the individual fibers, by meshing of fiber bundles or by sewing in additional threads, adhesive (with binder) or cohesive (free of binder) fiber-fiber bonds can be achieved by thermal and chemical methods. These can be restricted exclusively or at least predominantly to fibre nodes with suitable formulation and process control, so that a stable, three-dimensional network is nevertheless formed in the fleece while maintaining the loose, open structure.Nonwovens have proven to be particularly advantageous which are consolidated in particular by oversewing with separate threads or by mesh.Such consolidated nonwovens are produced, for example, on stitch-bonded machines of the "Malimo" type from Karl Mayer, formerly Malimo, and can be obtained, inter alia, from Techtex GmbH. A mali batt is characterized in that a cross-fiber batt is consolidated by forming stitches of fibers of the batt. As the support, a kunit or multiknit nonwoven fabric can be further used. A spun-knit nonwoven fabric is characterized in that it results from the processing of a longitudinally oriented nonwoven fabric into a planar structure which has stitches on one side and stitches on the other, but has neither threads nor prefabricated planar structures. Such a nonwoven is also produced for a long time, for example on stitch-bonded machines of the "Malimo" type from Karl Mayer. A further characteristic feature of this fleece is that it can absorb high tensile forces in the longitudinal direction as a longitudinal fibre fleece. A multiknit nonwoven is characterized in comparison with the kunit nonwoven in that the nonwoven experiences consolidation by puncturing on both sides with needles both on the top side and on the bottom side. As a starting product for a multiknit, one or two unidirectionally meshed nonwoven pile fabrics produced by the Kunit process are generally used. In the end product, both nonwoven fabric top sides are formed into a closed surface by fiber mesh and are connected to one another by virtually perpendicular fibers. The additional introducible of further pierceable sheet materials and / or spreadable media is provided. Finally, stitch-bonded webs are also suitable as a precursor for forming a cover according to the invention and an adhesive tape according to the invention. A stitched nonwoven is formed from a nonwoven material having a plurality of seams running parallel to one another. These seams are formed by sewing in or stitch-knitting continuous textile threads. For this type of nonwoven, stitch-bonded machines of the "Malimido" type are known from Karl Mayer.Needle-punched fleeces are also particularly suitable. In needle punch fleece, a fibrous web becomes a sheet structure with the aid of barbed needles. By alternating puncturing and pulling out of the needles, the material is consolidated on a needle bar, whereby the individual fibers become entangled to form a solid sheet structure. The number and embodiment of the needling points (needle shape, penetration depth, double-sided needling) decide on the strength and strength of the fiber structures, which are usually light, air-permeable and elastic.Furthermore, a staple fiber fleece which is preconsolidated in the first step by mechanical processing or which is a wet fleece which has been laid hydrodynamically, wherein between 2 wt. % and 50 wt. % of the fibers of the fleece are fusible fibers, in particular between 5 wt. % and 40 wt. % of the fibers of the fleece.Such a nonwoven is characterized in that the fibers are wet laid or, for example, a staple fiber nonwoven is preconsolidated by forming meshes of fibers of the nonwoven by needle punching, sewing, air and / or water jet processing. In a second step, heat setting takes place, the strength of the nonwoven being increased again by the melting or fusing of the fusible fibers.For the use according to the invention of nonwovens, the adhesive consolidation of mechanically preconsolidated or wet-laid nonwovens is of particular interest, it being possible for this to take place via addition of binder in solid, liquid, foamed or pasty form. In principle dosage forms are widely possible, for example solid binders as powders for showering in, as a film or as a grid or in the form of binding fibers. Liquid binders can be applied dissolved in water or organic solvents or as a dispersion. For adhesive bonding, binder dispersions are predominantly chosen: thermosetting plastics in the form of phenol or melamine resin dispersions, elastomers as dispersions of natural or synthetic rubbers or mostly dispersions of thermoplastics such as acrylates, vinyl acetates, polyurethanes, styrene-butadiene systems, PVC and the like and copolymers thereof. In the normal case, these are anionic or non-ionogenically stabilized dispersions, but cationic dispersions may also be advantageous in special cases.The manner of applying the binder can be carried out according to the prior art and can be found, for example, in standard works of coating or of nonwoven technology such as "Nonwovens" (Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1982) or "Textile technology-Nonwoven Production" (Arguerenzer Klebsige Textil, Eschborn, 1996).For mechanically presolidified nonwovens which already have sufficient bond strength, one-sided spray application of a binder is appropriate in order to specifically change surface properties.In addition to the economy of handling the binder, the energy requirement for drying is also significantly reduced in this type of procedure. Since no squeezing rollers are required and the dispersions predominantly remain in the upper region of the nonwoven, undesired hardening and stiffening of the nonwoven can be largely prevented.For sufficient adhesive consolidation of the nonwoven carrier, binder in the order of magnitude of from 1% to 50%, in particular from 3% to 20%, based on the weight of the nonwoven is generally to be added.The binder can be added already during nonwoven production, during mechanical presolidification or else in a separate process step, it being possible for this process to be carried out in-line or off-line. After the addition of binder, a state must be temporarily created for the binder in which it becomes adhesive and adhesively connects the fibers-this can be achieved during the drying of dispersions, for example, but also by heating, with further possible variations being provided by applying extensive or partial pressure. The binder can be activated in known drying channels, but with a suitable choice of binder it can also be activated by means of infrared radiation, UV radiation, ultrasound, radio-frequency radiation or the like. For the later end use, it is expedient, but not absolutely necessary, for the binder to have lost its tackiness after the end of the nonwoven production process. It is advantageous that volatile components such as fiber auxiliaries are removed by thermal treatment and a nonwoven with favorable fogging values is thus formed, so that when a low-fogging adhesive is used, an adhesive tape with particularly favorable fogging values can be produced, and the covering also thus exhibits a very low fogging value.Fogging (see DIN 75201 A) is understood to mean the effect that low molecular mass compounds can outgas from the adhesive tapes and condense on cold parts under unfavourable conditions. This can impair the view through the windshield, for example.A further special form of adhesive bonding is that the binder is activated by partial dissolution or partial swelling. In principle, the fibers themselves or mixed-in special fibers can also assume the function of the binder. However, since solvents of this type are problematic or problematic in terms of their handling from an environmental point of view for most polymeric fibers, this method is rather rarely used.Advantageously and at least in regions, the carrier can have a smooth-ground surface on one or both sides, preferably in each case a smooth-ground surface over the entire surface. The smooth-ground surface may be machined, as is explained in detail, for example, in EP 1 448 744 A1.Furthermore, the support can be calendared in a rolling mill for compaction. Preferably, the two rollers run in opposite directions and at the same circumferential speed, so that the carrier is pressed and compacted.If the peripheral speed of the rollers differs, the support is additionally ground smooth.The support is preferably a woven fabric, more preferably a polyester woven fabric. Particularly preferred fabrics are constructed as follows:• The number of filaments in the chain is from 10 to 60 / cm• The number of filaments in the weft is from 10 to 40 / cm• the warp threads have a yarn weight of between 40 and 400 dtex, in particular between 44 and 330 dtex, particularly preferably 167 dtex• the weft threads have a yarn weight of between 40 and 660 dtex, in particular between 44 and 400 dtex, particularly preferably of 167 dtexAccording to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the number of threads in the chain is 40 to 50 / cm, preferably 44 / cm.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the number of threads in the weft is 18 to 22 / cm, preferably 20 / cm.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fabric is a polyester fabric. Further possibilities are polyamide fabric, viscose fabric and / or a mixed fabric made of the materials mentioned.More preferably, the thickness of the fabric is not more than 300 μm, particularly preferably 170 to 230 μm, very particularly preferably 190 to 210 μm. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the carrier has a weight per unit area of up to 200 g / m 2 preferably 100 to 150 g / m 2.The starting materials for the backing material for the adhesive tape are, in particular, (chemical) fibers (staple fiber or continuous filament) made of synthetic polymers, also referred to as synthetic fibers, made of polyester, polyamide, polyimide, aramid, polyolefin, polyacrylonitrile or glass, (chemical) fibers made of natural polymers such as cellulosic fibers (viscose, modal, lyocell, cupro, acetate, triacetate, cellulon), such as rubber fibers, such as vegetable egg white fibers and / or such as animal egg white fibers and / or natural fibers made of cotton, sisal, flax, silk, hemp, linen, coco or wool. However, the present invention is not limited to the materials mentioned, but rather, it is possible, as recognized by the person skilled in the art without having to be carried out by the inventor, to use a large number of further fibers for producing the carrier. Furthermore, yarns made from the indicated fibers are also suitable.In fabrics or laid scrims, individual filaments can be made from a mixed yarn, i.e., they can have synthetic and natural constituents. As a rule, however, the warp threads and the weft threads are each embodied in a single type. The warp threads and / or the weft threads can each consist only of synthetic threads or only of threads of natural raw materials, i.e. be of the same type.The yarns or threads of the fabrics may be filaments. For the purposes of this invention, a filament is understood to mean a bundle of parallel, straight individual fibers / individual filaments, also often referred to in the literature as multifilament. If appropriate, this fiber bundle can be consolidated by twisting itself, then the filaments are referred to as spun or twisted. Alternatively, the fiber bundle can be consolidated by swirling with compressed air or water jet. In the following, only the term filament is used in general terms for all these embodiments. The filament may be textured or smooth and point-consolidated or unconsolidated.Polyester is preferably used as material for the textile carrier because of the excellent ageing resistance and the excellent media resistance to chemicals and operating agents such as oil, petrol, antifreeze and the like. Furthermore, polyester has the advantage that it leads to a very abrasion-resistant and temperature-resistant carrier, which is of particular importance for the specific application for bundling cables in automobiles and, for example, in the engine compartment. According to one embodiment of the invention, a PET fleece or a PET fabric is used as carrier.Advantageously, the basis weight of the textile carrier is between 30 g / m 2 and 300 g / m 2 further advantageously between 50 g / m 2 and 200 g / m 2, particularly advantageously between 50 g / m 2 and 150 g / m 2, very particularly advantageously between 70 g / m 2 and 130 g / m 2.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesive composition, after application to the backing, has penetrated into the backing to an extent of more than 10%, preferably more than 25%, more preferably more than 50%. A numerical value of 25% for example means that the adhesive has penetrated over a layer thickness of 25% of the thickness of the textile carrier, i.e. in the case of a carrier having a thickness of 100 μm over a layer thickness of 25 μm within the carrier, namely beginning from the surface of the carrier on which the adhesive is coated and in the perpendicular direction to the plane spanned by the longitudinal or transverse direction.A laminate of the textile carrier and film or plastic layer applied at least on one side of the textile carrier is preferred. Furthermore, films or plastic layers can be applied to the upper and lower sides of the textile carrier. The application can be effected by lamination or by extrusion. Preference is given to a variant in which textile support is provided on the underside with a film which is provided on the other side with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.Suitable film or plastic materials are films such as, for example, PP, PE, polyester, PA, PU or PVC. The films themselves can in turn consist of a plurality of individual layers, for example of layers coextruded to form a film.Preferred are polyolefins, but copolymers of ethylene and polar monomers such as styrene, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate or acrylic acid are also included. It may be a homopolymer such as HDPE, LDPE, MDPE or a copolymer of ethylene and another olefin such as propene, butene, hexene or octene (for example LLDPE, VLLDE). Also suitable are polypropylenes (for example polypropylene homopolymers, polypropylene random copolymers or polypropylene block copolymers).The film preferably has a thickness of 12 μm to 100 μm, more preferably 28 to 50 μm, in particular 35 μm. The film may be colored and / or transparent.Finally, the adhesive tape may have a covering material with which the one or the two adhesive layers are covered until use. All materials detailed above are also suitable as cover materials.Preferably, a non-linting material is used, such as a plastic film or a well-sized, long-fiber paper.If it is desired that the adhesive tape described should have a flame retardancy of the nature, this can be achieved by adding flame retardants to the backing and / or to the adhesive composition. These may be organobromo compounds, if required with synergists such as antimony trioxide, although red phosphorus, organophosphorous, mineral or intumescent compounds such as ammonium polyphosphate are preferably used alone or in conjunction with synergists with respect to the absence of halogen in the adhesive tape.The adhesive application, based on the adhesive tape surface, is preferably between 40 and 160 g / m 2, preferably between 60 and 130 g / m 2, more preferably between 80 and 100 g / m 2.The general term "adhesive tape" in the sense of this invention comprises all planar structures such as films or film sections extended in two dimensions, tapes with extended length and limited width, tape sections and the like, ultimately also diecuts or labels.The adhesive tape thus has a longitudinal extent and a width extent. The adhesive tape also has a thickness running perpendicular to both expansions, the width expansion and longitudinal expansion being many times greater than the thickness. The thickness is as uniform as possible over the entire area extent of the adhesive tape determined by length and width, preferably exactly the same.The adhesive tape is present in particular in web form. A path is understood to mean an object whose length is many times greater than the width and the width is designed to remain approximately preferably exactly the same along the entire length. The adhesive tape can be produced in the form of a roll, i.e. rolled onto itself in the form of an Archimedes spiral.A backing lacquer can be applied to the back of the adhesive tape in order to advantageously influence the rolling properties of the adhesive tape wound to form the Archimedes spiral. This reverse-side lacquer can be provided for this purpose with silicone or fluorosilicone compounds and with polyvinylstearylcarbamate, polyethyleneiminestearylcarbamide or organofluorine compounds as abhesive substances.The adhesive may be applied in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape in the form of a strip which has a smaller width than the backing of the adhesive tape. Depending on the case of use, a plurality of parallel strips of the adhesive can also be coated on the carrier material.The position of the strip on the carrier is freely selectable, an arrangement directly at one of the edges of the carrier being preferred.The adhesive is preferably applied over the full area of the backing.On the adhesive coating of the carrier, at least one strip of a cover can be provided, which strip or strips extend in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape and which strip or strips cover between 20% and 90% of the adhesive coating.Preferably, the strip covers a total of between 50% and 80% of the adhesive coating. The degree of coverage is selected depending on the application and the diameter of the cable set. The percentages given are based on the width of the strips of the cover with respect to the width of the support.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, exactly one strip of the cover is present on the adhesive coating.The position of the strip on the adhesive coating is freely selectable, an arrangement directly on one of the longitudinal edges of the carrier being preferred. This results in an adhesive strip extending in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape, which ends with the other longitudinal edge of the carrier. If the adhesive tape is used to sheath a cable harness by guiding the adhesive tape around the cable harness in a helical movement, the cable harness can be sheathed in such a way that the adhesive composition of the adhesive tape is bonded only to the adhesive tape itself, while the article does not come into contact with any adhesive.The thus sheathed wire harness has very high flexibility due to the lack of fixation of the wires by any adhesive. Its bending ability during installation--especially also in narrow passages or sharp bends--is thus significantly increased.If a certain fixing of the adhesive tape on the material is desired, the sheathing can be effected in such a way that one part of the adhesive tape is bonded to the adhesive tape itself and another part is bonded to the material.According to another advantageous embodiment, the strip is applied centrally on the adhesive coating, so that two adhesive strips extending at the longitudinal edges of the carrier in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape are produced.For the secure and economic application of the adhesive tape in said helical movement around the cable harness and against the resulting protective covering slipping, the two adhesive strips present in each case on the longitudinal edges of the adhesive tape are advantageous, in particular if one, which is usually narrower than the second strip, serves as a fixing aid and the second, wider strip serves as a closure. In this way, the adhesive tape is bonded to the cable in such a way that the cable set is secured against slipping and nevertheless is of flexible design.In addition, there are embodiments in which more than one strip of the cover is applied to the adhesive coating. If only one strip is mentioned, the person skilled in the art would understand that a plurality of strips can also cover the adhesive coating at the same time.The production process of the adhesive tape according to the invention is exhausted in the coating of the carrier directly with the dispersion in one or more operations carried out successively. In the case of textile supports, the untreated textile can be coated directly or by the transfer process. Alternatively, the textile can be pretreated with a coating (with any desired film-forming substance composed of solution, dispersion, melt and / or radiation-curing), in order then to be provided with the PSA directly or in the transfer process in a subsequent working step.The coating units used are the customary ones: wire doctor, doctor blade, roll coating, die coating, double chamber doctor blade, multiple cascade die.Owing to the positive properties described, the adhesive tape can be used outstandingly for insulating and winding wires or cables.Furthermore, it is advantageously suitable for sheathing elongate material, such as in particular cable sets in motor vehicles, wherein the adhesive tape can be guided in a helical line around the elongate material or the elongate material can be sheathed in the axial direction by the tape.Finally, the concept of the invention also comprises the use of an adhesive tape according to the invention for enveloping an elongate article. Preferably, the elongated material is a cable set.Owing to the excellent suitability of the adhesive tape, it can be used in a casing which consists of a covering in which the self-adhesive adhesive tape is present at least in one edge region of the covering, which adhesive tape is bonded to the covering in such a way that the adhesive tape extends over one of the longitudinal edges of the covering, and more particularly preferably in an edge region which is narrow in comparison with the width of the covering.Such a product and optimized embodiments thereof are disclosed in EP 1 312 097 A1. EP 1 300 452 A2, DE 102 29 527 A1 and WO 2006 108 871 A1 describe further developments for which the adhesive tape of the invention is likewise very well suitable. The adhesive tape of the invention can likewise be used in a process as disclosed in EP 1 367 608 A2. Finally, EP 1 315 781 A1 and DE 103 29 994 A1 describe embodiments of adhesive tapes of the type also possible for the adhesive tape of the invention.More preferably, the adhesive tape does not destroy the same when bonded to cables with PVC sheathing and to cables with polyolefin sheathing if a composite of cables and adhesive tape according to LV 312 is stored at temperatures above 100° C. and up to 3000 h and then the cables are bent around a mandrel.The adhesive tape of the invention is very suitable for winding cables, can be easily unwound for simple processing, exhibits no or only slight flagging and sheeting, and exhibits no cable embrittlement even at the high temperature classes T3 and T4 over 3000 hours.The invention also includes a sheathed elongate material, such as in particular a cable set, sheathed with an adhesive tape according to the invention, and a vehicle comprising such a sheathed elongate material.According to one embodiment of the invention, the elongate material is a cable harness which comprises a bundle of a plurality of cables such as 3 to 1000 cables, preferably 10 to 500 cables, in particular between 50 and 300 cables.The adhesive tape is to be explained in more detail below with reference to a plurality of figures without wishing to cause any restriction whatever kind of restriction.They show FIG. 1 shows the adhesive tape in lateral section, FIG. 2 shows a detail of a cable harness which is composed of a bundle of individual cables and which is sheathed with the adhesive tape according to the invention, and FIG. 3 shows an advantageous application of the adhesive tape.FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view (cross section) of the adhesive tape which consists of a fabric backing 1 to which a layer of a self-adhesive coating 2 based on an acrylate dispersion is applied on one side.The adhesive has penetrated 20% into the carrier, which brings about optimum anchoring and at the same time improves the hand tearability of the carrier.FIG. 2 shows a detail of a cable harness which is composed of a bundle of individual cables 7 and which is sheathed with the adhesive tape 11 according to the invention. The adhesive tape is guided around the cable harness in a helical movement.The section of the cable harness shown shows two windings I and II of the adhesive tape. Further windings would extend to the left; these are not shown here.In a further embodiment for a sheathing, two tapes 60, 70 according to the invention equipped with an adhesive are laminated to one another with their adhesives added (preferably by 50% in each case), so that a product is obtained, as is illustrated in FIG. 3.ExamplesOutline of the ExamplesThe adhesive tape of the invention is described below in a preferred embodiment by way of example, without wishing to subject the invention to any restriction.Comparative examples are also given in which unsuitable adhesive tapes are shown.To illustrate the invention, exemplary adhesive tapes were prepared according to the following scheme:The pressure-sensitive adhesive dispersions were adjusted to a viscosity of about 1000 Pa*s at a shear rate of 0.01 s -1 by stirring in a polyurethane associative thickener (Borchigel 0625, OMG Borchers) (measured with cone / plate geometry in the rotational mode using a DSRC 200 N rheometer from Rheometric Scientific).A polyester fabric (fineness of fiber 167 dtex, number of threads of warp 43 1 / cm, number of threads of weft 25 1 / cm) was coated with the thickened exemplary adhesive dispersion using a film draw device in such a way that, after drying in a circulating air oven at 85° C. for 5 minutes, an adhesive mass surface weight of 90 g / m 2 resulted.Judgment criteriaThe criteria for an adhesive tape suitable for use for wrapping cables are• Flagging resistance according to the SWAT test• Cable compatibility according to LV 312 with respect to embrittlement and discoloration• Sheeting according to the test given belowPerformance of the TestsUnless expressly stated otherwise, the measurements are measured under a test climate of 23±1° C. and 50±5% rel. The drying is carried out under moist air.Measurement of Flagging Resistance by the SWAT MethodThe SWAT test is used to examine the flagging behavior of adhesive tapes after they have been wound spirally around a cable.The test is carried out under standard climate (23±1° C. and 50±5% rel. Humidity) and 40° C. The elevated temperature simulates the more difficult requirements during transport.For the test, a 19 mm wide adhesive tape is used. This is wound manually around an ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) sheathed cable having a diameter of 1 mm four times (1440°) without additional pressure. The adhesive tape is cut with scissors.It is assumed that an average 5 mm long flag remains if the adhesive tape end is not pressed down.A total of seven windings are made around the cable.The flags are measured after three days, ten days and 30 days under standard climate with the aid of a ruler. This is shown in FIG. 4. the absolute flagging value is calculated by subtracting 5 mm from the actually measured length of the flag.In FIG. 4, the flagging value is therefore 23 mm (28 mm-5 mm).The flagging value indicated as a result is the result of the average value of the flagging values of the seven windings. Analogously, the test is carried out at 40° C. in conventional drying cabinets.The adhesive tape of the invention is evaluated below at 40° C. in a drying cabinet by the SWAT method specified.A value of ≤10 mm is considered a lower limit value for resistance to deflagrating.Mean values <5 are given the rating 2, mean values from 5 to 10 are given the rating 1 and mean values >10 are given the rating 0.Measurement of cable compatibility of cables with a T3-PVC insulation is based on LV 312Cables with T3 PVC insulation are not tested in the LV 312. The measurement is carried out analogously to the measurement method specified in LV 312. The measurements are carried out at 125 °C (T 3) in each case.EmbrittlementIn this case, an absence of embrittlement after 3000 h at 150° C. during bending around a mandrel having a diameter of 2 mm is considered to be cable-compatible and is rated with the rating "2". If the sample embrittles, the pattern becomes "0".DiscolorationIn this case, the absence of discolorations or the occurrence of marginal discolorations after 3000 h at 150° C. is considered to be very cable-compatible and is rated as Rating 2. Clearly visible, but not too dark discolorations can optionally be classified as sufficiently compatible and obtain the rating "1". Black or dark brown discolorations are considered not cable-compatible and are designated "0".Measurement of AdhesivenessTo measure the bond strength of the pure dispersions, spreads of the adhesives were first prepared. For this purpose, the dispersions were applied to a PET film (polyethylene terephthalate) having a thickness of 23 μm and doctored off with a film-drawing device in such a way that, after drying for 5 minutes at 105° C., an adhesive mass surface weight of 30 g / m 2 resulted in a circulating-air drying cabinet.Strips of 20 mm width and 25 cm length were cut out of this sheet with a cutter.For the measurement of the adhesive force of the formulations with resin, spreads were drawn on polyester fabric as described above and likewise cut into strips of 20 mm width and 25 cm length using a cutter. Bond strength to steel was measured according to ASTM D330.Measurement of Glass Transition TemperaturesThe glass transition temperatures were determined on a DSC 204 F1 "Phönix" dynamic differential calorimeter instrument from Netzsch, Germany, in 25 μl aluminum crucibles with a perforated lid under a nitrogen atmosphere (20 ml / min gas flow). The sample weight was 8±1 mg. The samples were measured twice from -140° C. to 200° C. at a heating rate of 10 K / min. The 2nd heating curve was evaluated. The method is based on DIN 53 765.Dynamic Viscosity MeasurementViscosity measurement is carried out with a rheometer of the type DSR 200 N from Rheometric Scientific at room temperature and in the rotation mode at a shear rate of 0.01 s -1 with a cone-plate system with a diameter of 50 mm.Measurement of Sheeting Resistance by the Tear-Open MethodThe method of continuing to tear warp threads is used to examine the weaving behavior of the adhesive tapes.For the test, an adhesive tape 19 mm wide is used, a weight per unit area of 90 g / m 2 of a pressure-sensitive adhesive being applied to a polyester fabric (48 warp threads per cm and 23 weft threads per cm, in each case polyester threads having a thread weight of 167 dtex). From this adhesive tape, a sample having a length of 10 cm is cut off. By means of a pair of forceps, five warp threads of a length of 3 cm are released from the composite at one end on one side. The released five warp threads are twisted into each other. Subsequently, for reinforcement, a rectangular cardboard having a thickness of 0.3 mm, a length of 6 cm and a width of 3 cm is bonded to the side of the adhesive tape which carries the adhesive. The cardboard is positioned on the adhesive tape in such a way that the cardboard projects only on the long side of the adhesive tape on which no warp threads have been triggered. The distance to the long side on which the warp threads have been released should be exactly 3 mm. The distance to the short side on which no warp yarns have been released should be exactly 1 cm, so that the opposite side of the board lies in line with the beginning of the released warp yarns (see Fig. 5).The adhesive tape is then clamped in a CRE tensile testing machine (Zwick), which is equipped with 6 cm wide clamping clamps. The tensile testing machine is characterized in that the lower clamping clamp is stationary while the other is moving at constant speed during testing, and in that its load frame does not exhibit any deflection. In this case, exactly the cardboard which was applied to the adhesive tape to reinforce it is clamped into the lower clamping jaws. The previously released and twisted threads are clamped to the outer edge of the upper jaws. For this purpose, the distance between the two effective clamping points of the testing device is exactly 1 cm before the beginning of the measurement. The tensile testing machine is then moved exactly 3.5 cm apart at a constant speed of 5 cm / min (see FIG. 6 ). As a result, a force is applied to the released threads. This is introduced at the beginning of the measurement at a right angle to the longitudinal side of the adhesive tape.During the measurement, the force in millinewtons is determined, which must be used for further separating the five warp threads. The force changes over the duration of the measurement also because of the changing draw-out angle of the threads. For comparison between different adhesive tapes, the maximum force required (peak value) is used. The tear value as a measure of the Fraying resistance reported as a result is the result of the average of the maximum tear force from measurements on five samples. Product samples which are positively evaluated from the point of view of the customers and are not noticeable in the flying have values of at least 1400 mN as the maximum value for the tear-out force.Composition of the Example Polymer DispersionsTo illustrate the concept of the invention, polymer dispersions having the following comonomer composition were tested:Comparative Example 1930034Comparative Example 25100472Comparative Example 3098,5001,5Comparative Example 4096004Comparative Example 54141891Comparative Example 636441253Comparative Example 738421082Example 14840552Example 24141891Example 336441253Example 438421082Comparative Example 84840552Comparative Example 935358184Comparative Example 104141891A12-Ethylhexyl acrylateA2n-Butyl acrylateB1Methyl methacrylateB2 and Cethylenically unsaturated monomer (vinyl ester)D. DAcrylic acidThese polymer dispersions were tested with different results with the following comonomer compositionComparative Example 110030Rosin esterSnowtack 100G96Comparative Example 210020Rosin esterSnowtack 782G72Comparative Example 31000x x x x x x xx x x x x x xx x x x x x xComparative Example 410015Rosin esterIcactack 107093Comparative Example 51000x x x x x x xx x x x x x xx x x x x x xComparative Example 61002,5Rosin esterEmultrol E18582Comparative Example 71004Rosin esterSnowtack 110X105Example 11005Rosin esterAquatac 260098Example 21007,5Rosin esterSnowtack 110X105Example 310010Terpene phenolSnowtack TP600G100Example 410015Terpene phenolTSR1009X50112Comparative Example 810017,5Rosin esterAquatac 260098Comparative Example 910022Rosin esterEmultrol E18582Comparative Example 1010028Rosin esterSnowtack 100G96The test results are shown below:Comparative Example 1235000Comparative Example 2118000Comparative Example 3211002Comparative Example 4113000Comparative Example 5011002Comparative Example 6112002Comparative Example 7113002Example 1214502Example 2215002Example 3216002Example 4217002Comparative Example 8118001Comparative Example 9123000Comparative Example 10130000tesa® 51026116002For an adhesive tape suitable for use for cable sheathing, all three test criteria are essential. Examples 1 to 4 show an adhesive tape which corresponds to the concept of the invention, but the comparative examples are unsuitable. The commercially available cable adhesive tape tesa® 51026 also does not meet all criteria. tesa® 51026 is a polyester fabric adhesive tape for cable winding. It consists of a polyester fabric having a weight per unit area of 125 to 135 g / m 2 and an adhesive layer of 80 to 100 g / m 2. Warp and weft yarns have the same yarn weight of about 167 dtex.

Claims

Adhesive tape for wrapping cables, consisting of a textile carrier and of a pressure-sensitive adhesive applied to at least one side of the carrier in the form of a dried polymer dispersion, wherein the polymer is composed of: (a) 70.0 to 90.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, wherein n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate are used in a ratio of 2:1 to 1:2, (b) 10.0 to 20.0% by weight as monomer (b) one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, where at least 50.0% by weight of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprise methyl methacrylate (c) 0 to 10.0% by weight of a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer (d) different from monomer (b) 0 to 5.0% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function and the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises between 3 and 20 parts by weight of tackifier, based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion, where the tackifiers have a softening point above 90° C. in accordance with ASTM E28-99 (2009).Adhesive tape according to Claim 1, characterized in that n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate are used in a ratio of from 1.25:1 to 1:1.25, preferably in a ratio of 1:1.Adhesive tape according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the tackifiers have a softening point above 100°C in accordance with ASTM E28-99 (2009).Adhesive tape according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the monomers (b) and monomer (c) used are alkyl (meth)acrylates, preferably C 1- to C 20- alkyl (meth)acrylates with the exception of the monomers forming (a), aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, α-methylstyrene and vinyltoluene, C 1- to C 10- hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as, in particular, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids containing up to 20 carbon atoms, such as vinyl acetate or vinyl laurate, vinyl ethers of alcohols containing up to 10 carbon atoms, such as vinyl methyl ether or vinyl isobutyl ether, vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride or vinylidene dichloride, The unsaturated hydrocarbons used are acid amides such as acrylamide or methacrylamide and unsaturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, such as ethylene, propene, butadiene, isoprene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, especially ethyl acrylate.Adhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and / or maleic anhydride are used as monomer (d).Adhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that from 5 to 15 parts by weight of tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion), preferably from 5 to 12, more preferably from 6 to 10 parts by weight of tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion), are added to the adhesive.Adhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glass transition temperature of the pressure-sensitive adhesive is below + 15°C, determined by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) in accordance with DIN 53 765 at a heating rate of 10 K / min.Adhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the PSA has an adhesive force to steel of at least 2.0 N / cm at a basis weight of the adhesive of 100 g / m 2 on polyester fabric as carrier according to ASTM D330.Adhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier is a textile carrier, preferably a nonwoven material or a woven fabric, in particular a polyester woven fabric.Adhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier is woven fabric, preferably a polyester woven fabric, and is further preferably constructed as follows: • the number of threads in the warp is 10 to 60 / cm • the number of threads in the weft is 10 to 40 / cm • the warp threads have a yarn weight between 40 and 400 dtex, in particular between 44 and 330 dtex, particularly preferably of 167 dtex • the weft threads have a yarn weight between 40 and 660 dtex, in particular between 44 and 400 dtex, particularly preferably of 167 dtexAdhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the textile carrier, preferably a nonwoven, is provided on the underside with an applied film, the film being arranged between the textile carrier and the adhesive.Use of an adhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims for enveloping elongate material, wherein the adhesive tape is guided around the elongate material in a helical line.Use of an adhesive tape according to at least one of the preceding claims for enveloping elongate material, wherein the elongate material is enveloped by the tape in the axial direction.Use of an adhesive tape according to at least one of Claims 12 or 13 for sheathing elongate material, wherein the elongate material is located in a vehicle.

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