Safety belt device
The seat belt device uses inductor coils and optimized coil placement to transmit power and signals to the belt tongue, addressing the challenge of integrating electronics in three-point seat belts without fixed anchor points, ensuring reliable operation and reduced mechanical stress.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing seat belt systems face challenges in efficiently transmitting electrical power and signals to movable parts, such as the belt tongue, especially in three-point seat belts without fixed anchor points, which complicates the integration of electronic components and requires additional microswitches for buckled status detection.
A seat belt device with a belt buckle and belt tongue featuring inductor coils for contactless power and signal transmission, allowing for independent operation of retractors and eliminating the need for additional microswitches by optimizing coil placement and using electrical contacts for secure power and signal transfer.
Enables efficient, contamination-resistant transmission of electrical power and signals to the belt tongue, supporting electronic components like microphones and airbag deployment, while simplifying the design and reducing mechanical stress on connectors.
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Abstract
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a safety belt device having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
[0002] Seat belt devices can incorporate various electrical or electronic components, such as microphones, for additional functions. These components require a continuous power supply. Connecting a microphone to a seat belt is known, for example, from DE 10 2005 002 865 B3.
[0003] With three-point seat belts, one end of the seat belt is usually attached to a fastening element, mostly called an anchor plate, on a vehicle or the vehicle seat, where the necessary electrical conductors can be easily connected.
[0004] Furthermore, DE 10 2019 103 460 A1 discloses a safety belt device with an electronic device in which energy is inductively transferred to a corresponding receiving unit in the webbing via a transmitting unit arranged outside the webbing. To compensate for the position of the webbing during use, several offset coils can be used as transmitting and / or receiving units.
[0005] From DE 11 2016 002 497 T5, a seat belt system is known comprising a seat belt, a tongue that can slide on the seat belt, and a buckle that receives and locks the tongue in an attached state. A primary coil is included in the buckle, and at least one secondary coil is included in the tongue.
[0006] Furthermore, US Patent 2007 / 0182534A discloses a system for determining whether a seat belt is correctly fastened. When the seat belt buckle is engaged, an electrical circuit is closed, activating a series of lights integrated into the seat belt fabric.
[0007] DE 10 2019 113 893 A1 discloses a safety belt for motor vehicles, comprising a webbing consisting of at least one layer of fabric and an electronic device arranged in or on the webbing, which includes a transmitter that is designed to emit electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the non-visible wavelength range.
[0008] Against this background, the invention is based on the objective of providing a safety belt device which enables improved transmission of electrical power and / or signals to a movable part of a safety belt device.
[0009] According to the invention, a safety belt device with the features of claim 1 is proposed to solve the problem. Further preferred developments can be found in the dependent claims, the figures, and the accompanying description.
[0010] According to the basic concept of the invention, a seat belt device for motor vehicles is proposed, comprising a belt buckle with an insertion slot, a belt tongue that can be inserted into and locked in the insertion slot of the belt buckle and which has a belt tongue body and a belt tongue cover, and a seat belt. The seat belt runs through a loop of the belt tongue. According to the invention, it is proposed that the belt buckle and the belt tongue are configured to transmit electrical power and / or signals from the belt buckle to the belt tongue.
[0011] The transmission of electrical power and / or signals from the buckle to the belt tongue enables a corresponding transmission independent of fixed anchor points on a seat belt. In the prior art, this allows for simple transmission to a movable part of the seat belt assembly, in this case, the seat belt itself. The proposed transmission to the belt tongue allows for the simple use of so-called double retractors for the seat belt assembly, which, in the case of a three-point seat belt, have separate retractors for the chest and lap belts. Accordingly, with such a seat belt assembly, no fixed anchor point on the seat belt is available for transmission.
[0012] The transmission of electrical power and / or signals goes beyond simply closing an electrical contact through the belt tongue, which can, for example, be used to detect the buckled status. However, the transmission of electrical power and / or signals to the belt tongue can still be used to monitor the buckled status. Accordingly, no additional microswitch is required in the buckle for detecting the buckled status. In advantageous embodiments, the belt tongue can have one, two, or more status indicators, such as two status LEDs, which can indicate, for example, a buckled status and / or the status of a wireless data connection, such as via Bluetooth.
[0013] The movable part of a safety belt device comprises a safety belt and a belt tongue.
[0014] According to the invention, it is proposed that the belt buckle and the belt tongue each have an inductor coil for transmitting electrical power and / or signals.
[0015] The two inductor coils enable contactless transmission of electrical power from the buckle to the belt tongue, thus ensuring contactless transmission independent of any contamination. The transmittable power can be, for example, 2.5 W. Furthermore, the two inductor coils can alternatively or additionally be used to transmit electrical signals from the buckle to the belt tongue and / or from the belt tongue to the buckle.
[0016] It is further proposed that the inductor coil of the belt buckle be located in the area of the insertion slot for the belt tongue.
[0017] The area of the insertion slot is particularly suitable for arranging an inductor coil to achieve the smallest possible distance to a belt tongue. The inductor coil can be positioned, for example, upstream of the insertion slot, within the insertion slot itself, or in an intermediate position, so that the inductor coil is only partially located within the insertion slot.
[0018] According to a further development, it is proposed that the inductor coil of the belt buckle is arranged on the opposite side of a release button of the belt buckle in relation to the insertion slot.
[0019] An opposing arrangement on the side opposite the release button allows for a simplified design and minimizes the distance between the inductor coil and the inductor coil of the belt tongue, thus achieving high transmission efficiency. Furthermore, in a typical installation, the inductor coil is concealed by the belt tongue, offering visual advantages.
[0020] According to another proposed embodiment, the inductor coil of the belt tongue is arranged above a locking section of the belt tongue base body in relation to the insertion direction.
[0021] The inductor coil of the belt tongue therefore does not need to be inserted into the belt buckle over a long distance; accordingly, the insertion slot and the locking mechanism, which engages in the locking section of the belt tongue body, can be designed independently of the inductor coil.
[0022] According to a further development, it is proposed that the inductor coil of the belt tongue is arranged on a main surface of the belt tongue body, with the inductor coil being covered by the belt tongue cover.
[0023] The belt tongue body is made, for example, from a sheet metal part and therefore has two main surfaces, such as a front and a back. These main surfaces comprise the majority of the belt tongue body's surface area. The inductor coil can be placed on one of these two main surfaces, depending on the configuration. The main surface facing away from the release button when the belt tongue is inserted is particularly suitable. A flat inductor coil can therefore be easily placed on the belt tongue body, with the belt tongue cover, preferably made of plastic, providing mechanical protection for the inductor coil. The belt tongue cover can also extend between the inductor coil and the belt tongue body.
[0024] According to the invention, it is proposed that the belt tongue, in the inserted and locked state, has a range of motion along an insertion axis. This range of motion is limited, on the one hand, by a locking position of the belt tongue, in which no further extension of the belt tongue is possible without actuating a release button, and on the other hand, by a The insertion position of the belt tongue, beyond which it cannot be inserted deeper into the insertion slot, is limited. The inductor coil of the belt tongue and the inductor coil of the belt buckle are arranged concentrically to each other in a specific relative position within the range of motion.
[0025] This results in optimal overlap of the inductor coils of the belt tongue and the belt buckle within the range of motion of the belt tongue when inserted and locked, in which power and / or data transmission is optimal.
[0026] The position where the belt tongue cannot be inserted any further into the slot is also called the overtravel position. The locking position where the belt tongue cannot be extended further without pressing a release button can also be called the normal position.
[0027] Furthermore, it is proposed that the relative position in which the inductor coil of the belt tongue and the inductor coil of the belt buckle are arranged concentrically to each other is located in a central area of the range of motion.
[0028] The central section is a segment of the range of motion that extends along an insertion axis of the seatbelt buckle. The central section can, for example, have a distance of 20% or 25% of the total range of motion along the insertion axis from the limits of the range of motion.
[0029] According to a further development, it is proposed that the belt tongue and the belt buckle each have a plurality of electrical contacts which, when the belt tongue is inserted and locked, establish a plurality of electrical connections for the transmission of electrical power and / or signals between the belt buckle and the belt tongue.
[0030] Accordingly, electrical power and / or signals can be transmitted without interference or loss from the belt buckle to the belt tongue and / or from the belt tongue to the belt buckle via the electrical contacts on the belt tongue and the belt buckle.
[0031] It is further proposed that the contacts of the belt buckle be arranged in relation to the insertion slot on the other side of a release button of the belt buckle.
[0032] This allows the release button and its associated release mechanism to be designed and manufactured separately from the contacts of the seatbelt buckle. Furthermore, this makes it particularly easy to position the release button right up to the insertion slot. Additionally, this ensures that no contacts are within the operator's reach when the release button is pressed, thus preventing contamination.
[0033] According to a further development, it is proposed that the contacts of the belt tongue are arranged above a locking section of the belt tongue base body in relation to the insertion direction.
[0034] This allows for a geometric separation of the contacts on the belt tongue from the locking mechanism in the insertion slot of the belt buckle.
[0035] It is also proposed that at least two electrical connections be provided for the transmission of electrical power and / or signals from the belt tongue to the seat belt.
[0036] Two or more electrical connections between the belt tongue and the seat belt allow electrical power and / or signals to be transmitted from a belt buckle to the seat belt via the belt tongue. This enables the operation and / or control of electronic components in or on the seat belt.
[0037] Furthermore, in advantageous embodiments, only electrical power can be transmitted from the belt buckle via the belt tongue to the seat belt or the electrical and / or electronic components provided therein or on it. The transmission of signals between electrical and / or electronic components in the seat belt and other systems in a vehicle can, for example, be achieved via wireless standards such as Bluetooth.
[0038] In an advantageous embodiment, a plug connector is provided on the bracket of the belt tongue, wherein the plug connector is arranged on the side of the bracket facing away from the insertion direction.
[0039] The connector is therefore located on the side of the buckle that faces the extension direction of the belt tongue. While this is also the direction in which any belt forces act, this side or surface of the buckle is unloaded. Therefore, the connector on the belt tongue is located in an area not intended for the transmission of forces between the belt tongue and the seat belt.
[0040] According to a further development, it is proposed that the buckle of the belt tongue is folded over by a sewn loop of the seat belt, with a plug connector being provided on the seat belt which is located inside the sewn loop of the seat belt.
[0041] The sewn loop of the safety belt encircles the buckle, so that two ends of the safety belt extend from the belt tongue, each capable of independently applying tensile forces to the buckle. At least two layers of webbing are sewn together. Such a sewn loop is particularly suitable for the use of two retractors, one each for the chest and lap belts. Positioning the connector within the loop protects it with the safety belt, preventing the user from snagging on or easily tampering with the connector.
[0042] It is further proposed that the plug connector of the seat belt be arranged on a cable which exits the seat belt inside the sewn loop.
[0043] The cable at the plug connector provides sufficient flexibility to compensate for the movement of the sewn loop around the buckle of the belt tongue, ensuring that the connection between the plug connectors of the belt tongue and the belt buckle remains free from mechanical stress.
[0044] According to a further development, it is proposed that the cable runs through a sewn section of the sewn loop of the safety belt.
[0045] The cable can be routed between two sewn layers of the seat belt and held in place within the sewn section. Alternatively, the cable can run through the sewn section within a tubular layer of the seat belt and exit from the tubular layer into the sewn loop within the loop. In this case, the cable is secured in position by the sewn section.
[0046] In an advantageous embodiment, the cable has at least in the sewn section two conductors which have a width greater than 2 mm, preferably greater than 4 mm, and more preferably 6 mm.
[0047] A sufficiently wide cable can be made very flat while still offering a sufficient conductor cross-section. This also significantly reduces the appearance of the cable in the sewn section. Such a cable also offers very high tolerance to punctures, such as those that can occur during the production of the sewn section due to a sewing needle. Any punctures only minimally reduce the conductor cross-section at this width, thus enabling a high degree of manufacturing tolerance.
[0048] According to a further development, it is proposed that a flexible circuit board be provided in or on the safety belt, to which electrical power and / or signals are transmitted from the belt buckle via the belt tongue and via the safety belt.
[0049] The flexible circuit board can accommodate various electronic components for diverse functions, such as a seatbelt microphone, seatbelt airbag deployment, occupant classification, lighting, and vibration elements. The cable can be connected to the flexible circuit board in the sewn section, for example, or alternatively be integrated with the flexible circuit board.
[0050] The invention is explained below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying figures. Fig. 1 a belt tongue and a belt buckle with inductor coils in a rear view; Fig. 2 a belt tongue and a belt buckle with inductor coils in a front view; Fig. 3 a belt buckle with inductor coil and inserted belt tongue with inductor coil; Fig. 4 a belt buckle with inductor coil and inserted belt tongue in a side view; Fig. 5 Schematic representation of inductor coils of a belt tongue and a belt buckle within a range of motion; Fig. 6 a belt tongue with sewn loop of a safety belt and flexible guide plate; Fig. 7. A belt tongue with inductor coil in an exploded view; Fig. 8. A belt buckle with inductor coil in an exploded view; Fig. 9 a belt tongue with electrical contacts for a belt buckle; and Fig. 10 a seatbelt buckle with electrical contacts for a seatbelt tongue.
[0051] In Fig. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a safety belt device 1 which is designed to inductively transmit electrical power and / or signals from the belt buckle 2 to the belt tongue 4.
[0052] The belt tongue 4 has a belt tongue body 5, which can be made of sheet metal, for example. The belt tongue body 5 is partially enclosed by a belt tongue cover 6. The section of the belt tongue 4 designed for insertion into the insertion slot 3 of a belt buckle 2 has a recess that forms a locking section 11 of the belt tongue 4. A locking mechanism of the belt buckle 2 engages in the locking section after the belt tongue 4 is inserted into the insertion slot 3. In alternative embodiments, the locking section 11 can be located on the outer contour of the belt tongue 4 and may not have a recess. The locking mechanism can be released by an operator by pressing the release button 10.
[0053] An inductor coil 9 is provided on the rear side, or the side intended for passenger orientation, of the seatbelt tongue 4. In this advantageous embodiment, the inductor coil 9 lies parallel to a main surface 12 of the seatbelt tongue body 5, i.e., the main axis of the inductor coil 9 is perpendicular to the main surface 12. The inductor coil 9 is located above the locking section 11 with respect to an insertion direction B. "Above the locking section 11" therefore means that the locking section 11 must in any case be inserted into the insertion slot 3 before the inductor coil 9. In one possible embodiment, the inductor coil 9 can be inserted into the insertion slot 3 along with the inductor coil 9. Alternatively, only the inductor coil 9 can be partially inserted, i.e., provided in a transition area of the insertion slot 3 when the seatbelt tongue 4 is inserted.The inductor coil 9 is preferably covered by the belt tongue cover 6, so that the inductor coil 9 is mechanically protected from external influences. The belt tongue cover 6 is made of plastic, so that the belt tongue cover 6 does not impede inductive power and / or signal transmission.
[0054] The belt tongue 4 also has a bracket 8 through which the seat belt 7 is guided, so that forces from the seat belt 7 can be transferred into the bracket 8. In advantageous embodiments, the bracket 8 is enclosed by the belt tongue cover 6, particularly on the side in the insertion direction B, so that, for example, the edges of the metallic belt tongue base body 5 can be rounded by the belt tongue cover 6, which, among other things, minimizes wear on the seat belt 7.
[0055] Fig. Figure 2 shows the embodiment of the Fig. 1 in a front view intended to show away from the buckled body of a passenger, i.e., a passenger sees this side in particular when buckled up. The inductor coil 9 of the belt tongue 4 is obscured in this view by the belt tongue 4 itself.
[0056] In contrast to the front view, the front view shows... Fig. 1 The position of the inductor coil 9 on the belt buckle 2 is recognizable. The inductor coil 9 is located on the belt buckle 2 in the area of the insertion slot 3 and is concealed by the housing 21 of the belt buckle 2. The insertion slot 3 is between the inductor coil 9 on one side and the release button 10 on the other side, see Fig. 3, arranged. In advantageous embodiments, the housing 21 is made of plastic.
[0057] Fig. Figure 3 shows the seat belt buckle 2 with a seat belt tongue 4 inserted and locked. When inserted, the inductor coils 9 of the seat belt tongue 4 and the buckle 2 are positioned close enough to each other that inductive power transfer can occur from the inductor coil 9 of the buckle 2 to the inductor coil 9 of the seat belt tongue 4. In this way, electrical current from the vehicle's electrical system can be supplied to the seat belt tongue 4. For this purpose, the buckle 2 is preferably connected to, or can be connected to, the vehicle's electrical system, which is easily accomplished using cables and / or connectors. In addition to or as an alternative to the transfer of electrical energy to the seat belt tongue 4, the two inductor coils 9 can also be used for inductive signal transmission of electrical signals.
[0058] Furthermore, a plug connector 15 is provided on the belt tongue 4, which enables the transmission of electrical power to a safety belt 7 and / or the transmission of electrical signals or data between the safety belt 7 and the belt tongue 4. In the exemplary embodiment of the Fig. 3 is arranged on the bracket 8 and connected to the inductor coil 9 of the belt tongue 4. This connection is preferably made via electronics (not shown) in the belt tongue 4. The arrangement of the plug connector 15 on the bracket 8 of the belt tongue 4 is designed such that no force is transmitted from the seat belt 7 to the belt tongue 4 in this area.
[0059] The belt tongue 4 can, for example, have two status indicators 22 in the form of two status LEDs. These can inform a user, for example, about the locked state of the belt tongue 4 via their illumination state, i.e., on, off, flashing, and / or different light colors. Furthermore, a status indicator 22 can, for example, indicate the status of a wireless data connection, such as from a belt microphone in the seat belt 7 to another system in the vehicle via Bluetooth.
[0060] Fig. Figure 4 shows the belt buckle 2 with inductor coil 9 and inserted belt tongue 4 in a side view, in which the insertion axis A is clearly visible. The belt tongue 4, along with parts of the belt tongue body 5 and the locking section 11, is inserted into the insertion slot along the insertion axis A and locked in place. When the release button 10 is actuated, the belt tongue 4 can be removed from the belt buckle 2 along the insertion axis A in the opposite direction to the insertion direction B. The position of the belt tongue 4 in the belt buckle 2 is shown in the Fig. Position 4 corresponds to a position in which the belt tongue 4 cannot be extended further from the buckle 2 without actuating the release button 10. This position forms a first limit to the range of motion of the belt tongue 4 along the insertion axis A, which can also be referred to as the normal position. In the locked state, due to the design, it is still possible to push the belt tongue 4 further into the buckle 2 along the insertion axis A until an end stop is reached. This position, also called overtravel, forms the second limit to the range of motion of the belt tongue 4 along the insertion axis A. The range of motion only applies to the locked state; when the belt tongue 4 is released, the first limit of the range of motion is exceeded.
[0061] In this advantageous embodiment, the inductive transmission of electrical power and / or signals is possible in any position within the range of motion. For this purpose, the inductor coils 9 of the belt tongue 4 and the belt buckle 2 are optimally positioned relative to each other in a central position, i.e., not at either of the limits of the range of motion. Optimal positioning is achieved not only by minimizing the distance between them but also by a concentric arrangement of the two inductor coils 9. In this case, the inductor coils 9 are not optimally positioned relative to each other in the normal position, which reduces the efficiency in this position but offers the advantage that sufficient transmission of electrical power and / or signals is also possible in the overtravel position.
[0062] The relative position of the coils 9 in the range of motion is shown schematically in the Fig. Figure 4 shows the solid spiral representing the inductor coil 9 of the belt tongue 4. The dashed spiral schematically represents the inductor coil 9 of the belt buckle 2.
[0063] In the left-hand representation of the Fig. At position 5, the belt tongue 4 and thus the associated inductor coil 9 are in their normal position, in which no further extension is possible without releasing the locking mechanism. The positioning of the inductor coils 9 relative to each other is therefore not optimal for the inductive transmission of electrical power and / or signals.
[0064] The middle representation of the Fig. Figure 5 shows an optimal relative position of the inductor coils 9, in which the inductor coils 9 are arranged concentrically to each other. This relative position is occupied in a central region of the travel range. The central region is therefore located a certain distance from the boundaries of the travel range along the insertion axis A. This distance can be, for example, 25% of the travel range along the insertion axis A, 35%, or 45%. Furthermore, it is possible for the optimal relative position to be located in the center with equal distances to the boundaries between the normal and overtravel positions.
[0065] The inductor coil 9 of a belt tongue 4 is shown in the right-hand illustration of the Fig. 5 can be seen in the overtravel position, in which the locked belt tongue 4 is deeply pressed into the belt buckle 2, for example by a passenger's hand resting on it. Sufficient inductive power transfer is also possible in this position.
[0066] In Fig. Figure 6 shows the belt tongue 4 with a safety belt 7, which has a sewn loop 17 that encloses the buckle 8 of the belt tongue 4. This prevents the safety belt 7 from slipping through the buckle 8. The sewn loop 17 is closed by a sewn section 18 that connects both ends of the sewn loop 17. A safety belt 7 with a belt tongue 4 fixed by means of a sewn loop 17 is suitable, for example, for a three-point seat belt with two retractors or belt winders, one winder being for the lap belt and the other for the chest belt.
[0067] The plug connector 15 on the bracket 8, see also Fig. 3, is therefore largely concealed by the sewn loop 17 and is only visible through the lateral openings of the sewn loop 17. The plug connector 15 of the bracket 8 is connected to or locked into a plug connector 16 of the seat belt 7. The plug connector 16 is attached to a cable 14, which allows sufficient movement within the sewn loop 17 between the seat belt 7 or the exit opening of the cable 14 and the plug connector 16 to compensate for movements of the bracket 8 within the sewn loop 17. In this advantageous embodiment, the cable 14 enters the sewn loop 17 via its inner surface.
[0068] The cable 14 can transmit electrical power and / or signals from the belt buckle 2 to a flexible circuit board 20, which is integrated into the seat belt 7 and enables various functionalities, such as belt microphone, belt lighting, haptic warning devices, triggering of belt airbags or passenger classification.
[0069] The cable 14 and the flexible circuit board 20 can, for example, be positioned inside a safety belt 7 designed as a tube. The cable 14 enters the preferably tube-shaped safety belt 7 within the sewn loop 17. The cable 14 has at least two conductors 19 for transmitting electrical power and / or signals.
[0070] The conductors 19 of cable 14 are guided side by side, spaced apart, through the sewn section 18. The conductors 19 are comparatively wide, at least in this area, i.e., wider than 2 mm or wider than 5 mm, for example. This allows the conductors 19 to be made very thin, so that they are not visible in the seat belt 7. At the same time, the conductors 19 can be pierced during the production of the sewn section 18, so that the seam runs through the conductors 19 themselves.
[0071] Fig. Figure 7 shows an exploded view of a corresponding belt tongue 4 with inductor coil 9, where the belt tongue base body 5 with the two-part belt tongue cover 6 is visible. The position of the inductor coil 9, which is concealed externally by the belt tongue cover 6, is also shown. The inductor coil 9 is electrically connected to the plug connector 15.
[0072] An exploded view of the seatbelt buckle 2 is shown in the Fig. Figure 8 shows the position of the inductor coil 9 of the seatbelt buckle 2, which is covered on all sides by parts of the housing 21 of the seatbelt buckle 2. The arrangement of the inductor coil 9 in the area of the insertion slot 3 is clearly visible. The release button 10 and the locking mechanism of the seatbelt buckle 2 are not shown.
[0073] Fig. Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the belt tongue 4, which also enables the transmission of electrical power and / or signals to a safety belt 7. The transmission to a safety belt 7 can be carried out in the same way as, for example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 9. Fig. 6. In contrast to the previous embodiments, there is no inductive transmission of electrical power and / or signals. Instead, four electrical contacts 13 are provided on the belt tongue 4, via which an electrical connection is made to a corresponding belt buckle 2, see Fig. 10, can be manufactured. In addition to the four contacts, the belt tongue base body 5 can also be a contact, for example for ground.
[0074] The electrical contacts 13 are aligned parallel to the insertion direction B and positioned opposite to the insertion direction B with respect to a locking section 11. The parallel alignment enables sliding contact within the range of motion along the insertion axis A.
[0075] The Fig.Figure 10 shows a corresponding belt buckle 2 with electrical contacts 13 below the insertion slot 3, which can establish an electrical connection with the electrical contacts of the belt tongue 4 when a belt tongue 4 is inserted.
Citation Information
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