Web sheet and method for producing a web sheet

Abstract

Weaving reed (1) for weaving machines with a pitch (11) of maximum 1 / 8 mm with the following features: a) at least two teeth (2), wherein the teeth (2) extend predominantly in their longitudinal direction (L) and are arranged next to each other in their transverse direction (B), which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L), forming a tooth gap (5), b) wherein the at least two teeth (2) each have two end faces (6) which define the respective tooth (2) in its vertical direction (H), which is perpendicular to its longitudinal direction (L) and its lateral direction (B), and are spaced apart from each other in this vertical direction (H), c) at least two profile bars (3) forming a functional pair, which abut the at least two end faces (6) and are opposite each other in pairs in the vertical direction (H), d) at least a binding agent which at least partially encircles and draws together the at least two opposing profile bars (3) which form a functional pair, e) wherein the binder extends at least partially in the interdental space (5) between the at least two teeth (2), characterized in that f) that the binder is a textile yarn (4), g) that the textile yarn (4) comprises a plurality of filaments (8), h) and that the filaments (8) have a maximum diameter (13) which is at most half the width (9) of the interdental space (5).

Description

[0001] Weaving machines have been known since the 17th century. Since then, weaving machine technology has developed considerably. Over time, this has enabled the production of increasingly finer fabrics with growing precision. However, the fundamental operating principles of weaving machines and the weaving process have remained unchanged and will not be described in detail here, but rather assumed to be known. The reed of the weaving machine has had a major influence on its development. A reed typically consists of numerous teeth arranged side by side in a uniform, width-oriented direction. This spacing creates a gap between adjacent teeth in the machine's width direction. During weaving, the warp threads are guided within these gaps.The reed thus has a direct influence on the positioning of the warp threads in the width direction of the loom and therefore also on the position of the warp threads in the resulting fabric. Irregularities in the reed therefore lead to irregularities (e.g., stripes) in the woven fabric. A key characteristic of reeds is their pitch, which is the sum of the width of a tooth and the width of the space between the teeth. The pitch describes how closely (finely) the teeth and spaces between them are arranged and, consequently, how fine the fabric produced with the reed will be. While the basic structure of reeds has hardly changed for centuries, constructive modifications have been made, often aimed at enabling more economical and / or precise reed production.While the teeth of earlier looms were made of reeds, the practice quickly shifted to making them from metal strips. As the weave's fineness increased, the metal strips had to become progressively thinner. Nowadays, looms often have small pitches with 80 teeth per centimeter or more. The metal strip used to make the teeth is therefore so thin that it is very flexible and could more accurately be described as metal foil. For looms with a coarser pitch, it is already common practice to bind the teeth together with thread, such as cotton yarn, and profiled rods (usually half-round rods) running across the width of the reeds. The thread serves two purposes: firstly, to adjust the spacing between adjacent teeth, creating the desired interdental spacing; and secondly, to create a binding for subsequent manufacturing steps (e.g.,...(adhering of the web) to create a sufficiently strong connection between the teeth and the profile bars.

[0002] GB 727 546 A shows such a reed, bound with cotton yarn. Semicircular rods are arranged at the ends of the reed's teeth, with each tooth enclosed between two opposing semicircular rods. The cotton yarn is wound spirally around each pair of opposing semicircular rods, with one turn of the spirally wound cotton yarn passing between adjacent teeth of the reed, thus ensuring spacing between them. To create a firm bond between the teeth and the semicircular rods, the cotton yarn was typically soaked in pitch at that time. After the reed was bound, the pitch hardened into a solid mass, creating a strong bond between the reed's components.

[0003] DE 2 428 097 A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a reed in which the reed is bound with nylon yarn instead of metallic wire. The nylon yarn is intended to have no influence on the spacing of the reed's teeth. For this purpose, the nylon yarn is to be a loosely twisted nylon yarn that offers little or no resistance to deformation in its cross-section. Instead, the teeth are precisely positioned in their final position during the manufacturing process by a suitable machine. The elastic nylon yarn is wound under tension around the profile bars (rails) of the reed, so that the profile bars clamp the teeth in their final position. This clamping action is intended to prevent the teeth from slipping. The teeth are then bonded together in a known manner – typically in a U-profile.During the bonding process, a viscous adhesive is applied between the teeth of the reed, where capillary forces act upon the teeth. A disadvantage of this method is that the capillary forces can cause deformation and / or uneven displacement of the teeth in the bonded area. This effect is more pronounced the smaller the gaps between the teeth and the thinner the teeth themselves are – thus particularly noticeable in reeds with a small pitch. The nylon yarn described in DE 2 428 097 A1 cannot counteract this due to its low resistance to deformation and is therefore unsuitable for reeds with a small pitch.

[0004] Similar problems arise with the reed disclosed in GB 693 629 A. The reed described therein is bound with a thermoplastic yarn. However, the teeth, yarn, and profile bars are not bonded together by potting with an adhesive, but rather by softening the thermoplastic yarn and then allowing it to harden. During the softening process, the yarn loses its tension and strength and can deform between the teeth of the reed. It can then no longer maintain the position of the teeth relative to each other. Uniform spacing between the individual teeth of the reed cannot thus be ensured.

[0005] The increasing demands on the precision of reeds and the production of ever finer reeds led to the use of metallic wire instead of yarn for binding the reeds. CA 2 130 760 C, for example, shows a reed bound with metallic wire. After binding, the ends of the teeth are inserted into the open sides of U-profiles and bonded in place with a casting compound or adhesive to create a strong connection between the individual components of the reed. Using thinner wires instead of cotton thread allowed for smaller gaps between the teeth. However, a disadvantage of this technique is that the wire thickness must correspond to the required tooth spacing. A reed manufacturer must therefore stock the appropriate wire for every desired tooth spacing.Furthermore, the manufacturing tolerances of metallic wires common today, especially in the production of very fine reeds (more than 80 teeth / cm, or pitches of less than one-eighth of a millimeter), i.e., reeds with very small distances between the individual teeth, lead to inaccuracies in the reeds and consequently also in the fabric produced with them. For example, a wire with too large a diameter results in excessive spacing between adjacent teeth. These spacing errors accumulate across the numerous teeth of a reed, ultimately making the reed too large. An oversized reed cannot be used in a weaving machine. Therefore, attempts have been made in the past to further develop this technique.

[0006] In recent years, new fields of application for fabrics have emerged – for example, as filter media. WO 2017 / 060 765 A2 describes the requirements for fabrics used in such applications ("synthetic monofilament precision fabric"): a very uniform fabric with uniformly large thread spacing is needed so that the fabric exhibits the required properties at every point. To meet the requirements of these applications, fabrics with very small pitches are also necessary. For example, WO 2020 / 115 625 A1 describes a fabric for a diesel filter suitable for filtering water from a diesel-water mixture. This fabric is woven from yarn with a diameter between 10 µm and 90 µm and a grid spacing between 5 µm and 150 µm. To produce such fabrics, reeds with pitches of 15 µm to 240 µm are required.Another example of a new application for fine fabrics is described in WO 2019 / 025 885 A1. Here, the fabric is used as a water- or air-permeable seal against dust (solid particles) for a speaker in a smartphone. For such a fabric, reeds with small pitches of 20 µm to 300 µm are also required. Further examples are disclosed in WO 2011 / 132 062 A1 and EP 3 219 837 A1. However, the reeds described in the preceding paragraphs are not suitable for producing such fine fabrics while maintaining the required uniformity. The following section discusses the prior art, which attempts to identify suitable reeds for producing such fine fabrics.

[0007] EP 3 425 096 A1 describes in detail the current state of the art in sections

[0002] to

[0015] , particularly with regard to reeds with small pitch. To enable small pitches, the teeth of the reeds have a small thickness, which can be less than 0.1 mm. It is also described that such teeth exhibit high flexibility due to their small thickness. This flexibility of the teeth complicates the production of reeds with small pitches due to handling problems.

[0008] Furthermore, the previously mentioned capillary forces that act between the teeth of a reed when it is glued together increase. Since the thickness of the teeth is quadratically included in the formula for calculating the section modulus against bending, the thin teeth required for fine reeds are particularly flexible. Due to their high flexibility (lower restoring force when bent), the capillary forces between the teeth can deform or displace these teeth. This results in irregularities in the reed.

[0009] EP 3 425 095 B1 discloses a reed whose teeth are designed to ensure a consistent distance between adjacent teeth despite the capillary forces that occur when reeds are glued together. For this purpose, the teeth have spacer nubs that provide a minimum distance between adjacent lamellae. This is intended to prevent irregularities or deformations of the teeth due to capillary forces during the gluing process. However, the spacer nubs only counteract the capillary forces once the minimum distance is reached, thus limiting irregularities. Nevertheless, variations in the distance between adjacent teeth of the reed can still occur, leading to irregularities in the weaving fabric.

[0010] In light of the prior art, the object of the invention is therefore to provide a reed with a fine pitch that counteracts even small deformations and displacements of its teeth caused by capillary forces, as well as a method for its manufacture.

[0011] The problem is solved by a reed with the features of claim 1 and a method with the features of claim 13. A reed for weaving machines with a pitch of at most one-eighth of a millimeter comprises at least two teeth, wherein the teeth extend predominantly in their longitudinal direction and are arranged side by side in their lateral direction, which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, forming a tooth gap. The tooth gap is the free space between adjacent teeth, which is formed by the spacing of the teeth in their lateral direction. The at least two teeth each have at least two end faces that delimit the respective tooth in its vertical direction, which runs perpendicular to its longitudinal and lateral directions, and are spaced apart from each other in this vertical direction.The reed comprises at least two profile bars forming a functional pair, which bear against the at least two end faces – preferably flat – and are positioned opposite each other in the vertical direction. The profile bars extend predominantly in the width direction and have a profile cross-section, usually semicircular, in a plane spanned by the longitudinal and vertical directions. However, any other profile cross-section is also conceivable – for example, a rectangular cross-section. Preferably, the reed comprises four profile bars forming two functional pairs. Furthermore, the reed comprises at least one binding element that at least partially encircles and draws the at least two opposing profile bars forming a functional pair towards each other, the binding element running at least partially in the interdental space between the at least two teeth.The binding agent is a textile yarn comprising a plurality of filaments, the filaments having a maximum diameter that is at most half the width of the tooth spacing in the lattice direction. Advantageously, the filaments have a maximum diameter of at most one-third, but preferably at most one-quarter, of the width of the tooth spacing in the lattice direction. Surprisingly, it has been found that, in the aforementioned manner, even reeds with a comparatively small pitch of one-eighth of a millimeter or less can be produced with exceptional uniformity. Greater uniformity of the tooth spacing can be achieved than is possible with conventional reeds where metallic wire is used as the binding agent.The binding agent is typically wound spirally around the functional pairs of the profile bars, with the teeth lying within at least one turn of the spirally arranged binding agent. Several turns can be arranged between two teeth. The textile yarn is compressible and adapts its width to the space between the teeth, but simultaneously offers sufficient resistance to compression if the width of the space falls below its target dimension. This counteracts deformations and / or displacements of the teeth in the width direction, which can be caused, for example, by capillary forces during bonding, and thus improves the uniformity of the tooth spacing of the woven leaf. The textile yarn therefore has a direct influence on the position and securing of the position of the teeth.The number of filaments in the yarn can also influence the uniformity of the reed. Advantageously, the reed comprises at least five filaments, but preferably at least fifteen filaments.

[0012] Advantageously, the textile yarn is elastic. Preferably, the textile yarn wraps around the profile bars under elastic pre-tension. With an elastic textile yarn, the teeth can be secured in their position before the reed is glued by applying a pre-tension force. This has the advantage that even small movements in the reed can be compensated for by stretching or contracting the textile yarn without completely losing the pre-tension force. Because of the pre-tension force, which may change minimally, loosening or shifting of the previously bound teeth between the profile bars is prevented.

[0013] Further advantages arise if the textile yarn, at least at one point where it is in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars, has a greater width in the lateral direction than in the areas located vertically between the profile bars. If the profile bars have a semicircular cross-section, the yarn typically rests on the circumference of the semicircle and has direct contact with the profile bar in this area. In this area, the textile yarn extends laterally with a greater width than the space between the teeth through which the textile yarn runs. It thus widens outside the space between the teeth. This increases the contact area between the textile yarn and the profile bar, thereby preventing the yarn from slipping on the profile bar due to the increased friction surface.Since this widening of the textile yarn occurs while maintaining the yarn volume, the height of the yarn decreases in the widening area perpendicular to the width direction. Consequently, the yarn cross-section is not circular in these areas.

[0014] It is particularly advantageous if the textile yarn has adjacent turns that are so wide in the lattice direction that the adjacent turns lie against each other at least at one point where they are in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars. Thus, at least in sections, there is no gap between adjacent turns of the textile yarn in the lattice direction. Through this contact, the adjacent turns of the textile yarn mutually secure their position relative to the profile bars and thus prevent any latticeward displacement of the teeth of the reed functionally connected to these turns.

[0015] Advantageously, the textile yarn is compressible under the application of a compressive force, with the compressive force increasing progressively with increasing compression of the textile yarn. A textile yarn with these characteristics can prevent the formation of irregular gaps between the teeth in the reed by counteracting the capillary forces acting on the teeth, particularly during the gluing of the reed, when the target width of the gaps is not met.

[0016] Further advantages regarding the uniformity of the tooth spacing arise when the textile yarn, in the areas of the reed that lie vertically between the profile bars, rests against at least one tooth on both sides in the lateral direction. In these areas, the textile yarn thus completely fills, at least partially, the entire tooth gap between adjacent teeth in the lateral direction. For this purpose, the textile yarn is advantageously compressed to the target tooth spacing dimension during the assembly of the reed. Therefore, the textile yarn advantageously has a larger diameter than the target tooth spacing dimension, but can be compressed to the target tooth spacing dimension.

[0017] The textile yarn is advantageously twisted and has a twist coefficient α of at least 20, where the twist coefficient α is given by the following formula: ∝=t∗Pt1000 with t = number of twists per meter of textile yarn Pt = Fineness of the textile yarn in texgilt.

[0018] Advantageously, the textile yarn exhibits a twist coefficient of 20 to 100. The twist coefficient is described in DIN EN ISO 2061 and is given without a unit in this standard. The standard states: "The twist coefficient describes the angle that the fibers on the surface of the yarn form with respect to the yarn's axis and is a measure of the yarn's stiffness caused by twisting." One twist of the yarn corresponds to a 360° rotation around its longitudinal axis. Twisting the yarn can influence its cross-sectional shape, as well as its elongation and compression behavior. The twist coefficient is also frequently referred to in the literature as the degree of twist or twist factor. It characterizes the twist stiffness and is suitable for comparing the elongation and compression behavior of yarns of different fineness.The twist coefficient indicates the number of twists per meter of length that a comparable yarn with a fineness of 1000 tex would exhibit at the same twist stiffness. Yarns have the same twist stiffness if their twist coefficient is the same. It has been shown that when binding fine reeds with a textile yarn, the stretch and compression behavior of a textile yarn with a twist coefficient within the aforementioned selection range offers advantages in terms of reed uniformity. However, it is particularly advantageous if the textile yarn has a twist coefficient of 45 to 65. In this case, the textile yarn is compressible at least up to the target width of the interdental space. If the target width of the interdental space is undershot, the compression force increases, at least progressively, with increasing compression.The increasing compression force thus counteracts a fall below the target width of the interdental space.

[0019] Further advantages arise when the textile yarn has 500 to 2000 twists per meter. However, it is advantageous for the textile yarn to have 800 to 1800 twists per meter. The number of twists per meter of yarn allows the stretch and compression properties of the textile yarn to be adjusted so that the tooth spacing is as uniform as possible when producing the woven reed.

[0020] Advantageously, the textile yarn comprises at least one filament containing at least one of the following materials: polyamide, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 6, polyester, polyimide, polyamide-imide, polypropylene, or polyurethane. Polyamide, in particular, is suitable for forming a textile yarn exhibiting the required stretch and compression properties due to its material characteristics. However, the textile yarn may also advantageously consist of other materials not mentioned in the aforementioned list, provided they enable the formation of a yarn with the required stretch and compression properties. The filaments of the textile yarn may also advantageously contain more than one material. For example, the textile yarn may comprise polyamide filaments and polyester filaments, various polyamide filaments, or various polyester filaments. Advantageously, however, all filaments of the textile yarn contain polyamide.

[0021] To achieve the most uniform preload force and consistent tooth spacing, it is advantageous if the textile yarn has a tensile strength of at least 20 cN / tex, depending on its fineness. A tensile strength of up to 100 cN / tex, depending on its fineness, is advantageous. However, a tensile strength of 30 to 60 cN / tex, depending on its fineness, is particularly advantageous. The tensile strength can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 2062.

[0022] Further advantages arise if the textile yarn has a maximum tensile elongation of 10% to 80%, but preferably of 20% to 45%. The maximum tensile elongation can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 2062.

[0023] An advantageous embodiment of the reed does not include a spacer, the arrangement of which determines the width of the interdental space between the at least two teeth. A spacer can be, for example, a metallic (essentially incompressible) wire, a metallic spiral, or a spring. Such spacers are known from the prior art and are used in addition to the binding agent. In prior art reeds, they are arranged between the teeth of the reed. Particularly with reeds with small pitches of less than 0.1 mm, this is often associated with very labor-intensive manual work. Thus, the production of a reed with more than 150 teeth per cm, in which spacers are used between the teeth, can take several months. This technique is therefore not suitable for the industrial production of reeds with such small pitches.

[0024] Advantageously, at least one tooth of the weft has at least one spacer nub which is raised on at least one side in the lateral direction B compared to a large part of the tooth and prevents the minimum distance to at least one adjacent tooth in the lateral direction B from being undercut. Such spacer nubs are already known from EP 3 425 095 B1. There, for example, the Fig. 4 and Fig. Five teeth (#16) of a reed, which have spacer nubs (#30). All embodiments of the spacer nubs disclosed in this patent specification can be advantageously combined with the present invention. The spacer nubs counteract the capillary forces occurring between adjacent teeth. This makes it possible to produce uniform spaces between the teeth of reeds with small pitches.

[0025] The following describes a method for producing a loom reed with a pitch of at most one-eighth of a millimeter. In a first process step, at least two teeth, extending predominantly in their longitudinal direction, are arranged side by side, forming a gap between them in their lateral direction, which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Each of the at least two teeth has two end faces that define the respective tooth in its vertical direction, which runs perpendicular to its longitudinal and lateral directions, and are spaced apart from each other in this vertical direction.Subsequently, at least one binding agent is wound around at least two profile bars, which form a functional pair and are positioned opposite each other in the vertical direction, such that it at least partially encircles the at least two profile bars and pulls them towards each other in such a way that the at least two profile bars rest on the at least two end faces of the at least two teeth. The binding agent runs at least partially within the interdental space between the at least two teeth. A textile yarn comprising a plurality of filaments is used as the binding agent, the filaments having a maximum diameter that is at most half the width of the interdental space. In an additional process step, the textile yarn between the at least two teeth is compressed in the lateral direction to the width of the interdental space. However, the filaments of the textile yarn are not compressed in this process.The compression of the yarn advantageously results in a change in the positions of the filaments of the textile yarn – i.e., a shift – and a change in the cross-sectional shape of the yarn, but not the cross-sectional shape of individual filaments. The filaments are thus advantageously rearranged relative to one another. The described method is suitable for producing a woven reed with all the characteristics already described in the preceding sections.

[0026] Further advantages arise when the filaments of the textile yarn are compressed if the width of the interdental space falls below the target dimension. In this way, the compression force increases disproportionately when the target dimension is undershot, and the textile yarn, or rather its filaments, counteract this. This ensures the most uniform possible width of the interdental spaces during the production of a woven reed.

[0027] It is also advantageous if the textile yarn is wound under pretension such that, at least at one point where it is in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars, it widens in the lateral direction compared to the width of the yarn in the vertical areas between the profile bars. Winding the yarn under pretension means that the yarn is subjected to a pretension force and stretched along its longitudinal direction during winding. The textile yarn thus expands, or widens, outside the tooth gap. This increases the contact area between the textile yarn and the profile bar, thereby preventing the yarn from slipping on the profile bar due to the increased friction surface. Consequently, the textile yarn also better secures the position of the teeth in the lateral direction.In this way, web leaves with a fine division and a precise alignment of their teeth and interdental spaces in the width direction can be produced.

[0028] Advantageously, the textile yarn is wound under tension in such a way that, at least at one point where it is in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars, it widens in the lateral direction such that adjacent turns of the textile yarn lie against each other laterally. In this way, neighboring turns of the textile yarn secure each other against slippage in the lateral direction and also prevent the teeth of the reed from slipping during manufacturing. Fig. 1 Fig. Figure 1 shows a spatial view of a web leaf with a multitude of teeth (2) arranged side by side in the width direction (B) forming interdental spaces (5). Fig. 2 Fig. 2 shows a section through the woven leaf made of Fig. 1, which lies in a plane spanned by the longitudinal direction (L) and the vertical direction (H) and passes exactly between two teeth (2) through a tooth gap (5). Fig. 3 Fig. 3 shows the AA section. Fig. 2. Fig. 4 Fig. Figure 4 shows the BB section. Fig. 2. Fig. 5 Fig. 5 shows detail C from Fig. 2, wherein the textile yarn (4) has a twist. Fig. 6 Fig. 6 shows how Fig. 3 cut AA Fig. 2. Compared to Fig. 3, however, the textile yarn (4) comprises more filaments (8). Fig. 7 Fig. 7 shows how Fig. 4 the cut BB from Fig. 2. In contrast to Fig. 4 However, adjacent turns of the textile yarn (4) do not lie against each other laterally in the width direction (B).

[0029] The Fig. Figure 1 shows a spatial view of a loom 1. The loom 1 comprises a plurality of teeth 2, which are arranged side by side in a lateral direction B, forming interspaces 5 between adjacent teeth 2. Four profile bars 3 are positioned in the vertical direction H above and below the teeth 2. Two profile bars 3, mirrored opposite each other in the vertical direction H, form a functional pair and enclose the teeth 2 between them in the vertical direction H. A textile yarn 4 spirally wraps around each functional pair of profile bars 3, so that one turn of the textile yarn 4 passes through each interspace 5, thus connecting the profile bars 3 and the teeth 2.

[0030] The Fig. Figure 2 shows a section through web sheet 1. Fig. 1. The section runs in a plane spanned by the longitudinal direction L and the vertical direction H and lies precisely between two teeth 2 in a tooth gap 5. Therefore, the tooth gap 5 is not labeled in this illustration. Only one tooth 2 is shown, as it obscures the other teeth 2 of the reed in this view. At the left and right ends of the teeth 2 in the illustration, two profile bars 3, forming a functional pair, are arranged. The profile bars 3 rest on the end faces 6 of the teeth 2 and are pressed onto the end faces 6 by the textile yarn 4, which wraps around the profile bars 3 under tension. This exerts a clamping force on the teeth 2, which is suitable for securing the position of the teeth 2 and preventing displacement in the lateral direction B. In the illustration, one turn of the textile yarn 4 is wound around each functional pair of profile bars 3.The windings each begin at the highest point of the textile yarn 4 in the vertical direction H, which is recognizable by the fact that the textile yarn 4 is cut at this point. The cut surfaces 7 of the textile yarn 4 are shown hatched. The windings each run completely around a functional pair of the profile bars 3 and then transition into the next winding of the textile yarn 4, which runs in the tooth gap 5 located behind the depicted tooth 2.

[0031] The Fig. 3 shows the AA section. Fig. 2. It is evident how the textile yarn 4 is arranged in the tooth spaces 5. In this embodiment, the textile yarn 4 consists of eleven filaments 8 and is wound around the profile bars 3 such that one turn of the textile yarn 4 runs in each tooth space 5. The textile yarn 4 is therefore shown in this illustration as being cut once in each tooth space 5. The textile yarn 4 is a twisted yarn and, in its original state before being wound around the profile bars 3, has a substantially circular cross-section. However, this cross-section is compressed during the assembly of the reed 1. Fig. Figure 3 shows, for example, that the cross-section of the textile yarn 4 between the teeth 2 of the reed 1 is compressed such that it is adapted to the width 9 of the tooth spaces 5 in the lateral direction B. The textile yarn 4 thus lies against each tooth 2 on both sides in the lateral direction B. The position of the filaments 8 relative to each other can shift. Preferably, however, individual filaments 8 are not compressed. This allows the textile yarn 4 to be compressed to the target width 9 of the tooth spaces 5 with a defined force. If the target width is undershot, however, compression of the individual filaments 8 advantageously occurs, which requires a significantly greater compression force. In this way, it can be prevented that the target width 9 of the tooth spaces 5 is undershot.This behavior of the textile yarn 4 can be achieved by ensuring that the filaments 8 have a maximum diameter 13 that corresponds to at most half the width 9 of the interdental spaces 5. In the . Fig. Figure 3 further illustrates what is meant by the division 11 within the meaning of this patent application. The division 11 is the sum of the width 9 of the interdental space 5 and the tooth width 10 in the lateral direction B.

[0032] The Fig. Figure 4 shows the section BB through web sheet 1. Fig. 2. A large number of teeth 2 are shown in cross-section. In the longitudinal direction L behind the section plane, a profile bar 3 is shown above the teeth 2. In the lateral direction B between adjacent teeth 2, a tooth gap 5 is arranged. The two tooth gaps 5 on the left in the illustration are completely filled with the textile yarn 4 in the lateral direction B and the vertical direction H. The textile yarn 4 thus ensures a uniform formation of the tooth gaps 5. For clarification, three tooth gaps 5 without textile yarn 4 are shown in the illustration. In fact, these tooth gaps 5 are also filled with the textile yarn 4. The textile yarn 4 is rotated by an angle of rotation 12 about its longitudinal axis and emerges from the tooth gaps 5 at the top in the vertical direction H. Upon exiting the tooth gaps 5, the textile yarn lies against the profile bar 3 and expands in the lateral direction B.Therefore, in the areas where it rests against the profile bar 3, it has a greater width than in the areas where it runs between the teeth 2 in the interspaces 5. The textile yarn 4 widens in the vertical direction H with increasing distance from the interspaces 5 until adjacent turns of the textile yarn 4 lie against each other in the lateral direction B. In this way, the adjacent turns of the textile yarn 4 mutually secure their position as well as the position of the teeth 2 in the lateral direction B. While the textile yarn 4 widens in the lateral direction B, its height 14 decreases perpendicular to the lateral direction B and perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the textile yarn 4. This behavior of the textile yarn 4 is described in . Fig. 5, which detail C from Fig. Figure 2 shows the extent to which the textile yarn 4 expands in the width direction B, or contracts in its height 14, can be influenced by the twist of the textile yarn 4. This effect is more pronounced with a loosely twisted yarn (small twist angle 12) or a yarn without twist than with a tightly twisted yarn (large twist angle 12).

[0033] The Fig. Figure 6 shows essentially the same view as the Fig. 3. However, the textile yarn 4 comprises more filaments (exactly 22 filaments). The filaments have a smaller maximum diameter 13, which is less than one-third of the width 9 of the tooth gap 5. Such a textile yarn 4 adapts even better to the tooth gap 5. Therefore, it is possible to produce loom reeds 1 with even greater uniformity of the tooth gaps 5.

[0034] The Fig. Figure 7 shows essentially the same view as the Fig. 4. However, the textile yarn 4 has a different stretching and compression behavior. In this embodiment as well, the textile yarn 4 expands in the lateral direction B outside the interdental spaces 5. Unlike the one in Fig. However, in the embodiment shown in 4, the opening is not so wide that the adjacent windings of the textile yarn 4 lie against each other laterally in the width direction B.

[0035] The Fig. Figures 1 to 7 do not necessarily represent the actual size ratios of the individual components of web sheet 1. They are therefore not scale drawings but schematic diagrams intended to illustrate the essential features of the invention. Reference symbol list 1 web sheet 2 teeth 3 profile bar 4 textile yarn 5 interdental spaces 6 Front surface 7 Cut surfaces of the textile yarn 4 8 filaments 9 Width of the interdental space 5 10 tooth width 11 division 12 rotation angles 13 Maximum diameter of the filaments 8 14 Height of the textile yarn 4 B Latitude direction H Altitude L Longitudinal direction α Rotation coefficient

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