Mold for the production of molded bodies and their use

Abstract

Mold (10) for producing molded parts from a castable and / or injection-moldable material, wherein the mold (10) is modular in design and has at least one cavity (20) which is bounded by at least one first mold part (30), at least one second mold part (40) which is arranged substantially opposite the first mold part (30), and connecting mold parts (50), wherein the connecting mold parts (50) are arranged between the first mold part (30) and the second mold part (40) and are displaceable relative to each other, and the connecting mold parts (50) and a sealing profile (90) arranged on the connecting mold parts (50) in the direction of the cavity (20) define a respective distance between the at least one first mold part (30) and the at least one second mold part (40), wherein the mold (10) optionally has at least one insert device, in particular serving as a placeholder.which is removably attachable to the first molded part (30) and / or the second molded part (30) and / or at least one connecting molded part (50), characterized in that the sealing profile (90) is a rubber or latex profile (90), wherein the rubber or latex profile (90) has an excess, such that when the mold is closed, compression of the rubber or latex profile (90) occurs, accompanied by expansion of the rubber or latex profile (90) at least in the direction of the cavity (20), and when the mold is opened, expansion of the rubber or latex profile (90) occurs.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a mold for producing molded bodies from a castable and / or injection-moldable material according to the preamble of claim 1 and to the use of such a mold for producing such molded bodies according to the preamble of claim 16.

[0002] Molds and methods for producing molded bodies from a castable and / or injection-moldable material have been known for some time, for example from DE 12 41 594 A, EP 0 408 510 A2, DE 22 60 333 A, DE 10 2008 031 841 A1 or AT 253 765 B and usually serve to hold the castable and / or injection-moldable material, wherein these molds define a cavity into which the castable and / or injection-moldable material is poured, the cavity serving as a matrix for an object to be produced.

[0003] Plastics or mineral casting compounds are generally used as casting and / or injection-moldable materials, although combinations of these substances, such as filled plastics like Quaryl, are also used. ® , i.e., a quartz-filled acrylate, can be used. It should be noted here that in this context, "plastics" also includes precursors and precursors to plastics, such as their monomers, which are only polymerized and / or cured after being poured into the mold in order to form the product to be manufactured.

[0004] Typically, molds consisting of two halves are used for such forming processes. For example, one half is used to produce the visible side of a product, and the other half is used to produce the reverse side. These two halves, which are usually in the form of two metal shells, are typically joined together during the manufacturing process so that they form the cavity that then serves as the die for the product.

[0005] A significant disadvantage of such a forming process known from the prior art is that only one and the same object can be produced with such a mold tool, in which the cavity serving as a die is formed from two mold halves, in the sense of half-shells. As soon as the production of a different object with a different geometry than the previously produced object is desired, it is always necessary, according to the prior art, to first produce a new mold tool with different geometries for the two mold halves. Such a procedure is not only expensive and complicated, but also time-consuming and involves considerable effort, not only with regard to the calculation of the required geometries, but also with regard to the materials required for the production of the new mold tool.

[0006] The invention is based on the objective of solving these aforementioned problems and providing a mold, or molding tool, with which it is possible to produce a wide variety of objects, or products, each with different geometries, in a simple and cost-effective manner, and furthermore to provide a use for such a mold for the production of molded bodies.

[0007] This problem is solved by a form according to claim 1 and by a use according to claim 16.

[0008] In particular, this problem is solved by a mold for producing molded parts from a castable and / or injection-moldable material, wherein the mold has a modular structure and at least one cavity which is bounded by at least one first mold part, at least one second mold part which is arranged substantially opposite the first mold part, and connecting mold parts, wherein the connecting mold parts are arranged between the first mold part and the second mold part and are movable relative to each other, and the connecting mold parts and / or a sealing profile arranged on the connecting mold parts in the direction of the cavity define a respective distance between the at least one first mold part and the at least one second mold part, and wherein the mold optionally has at least one insert device, in particular serving as a placeholder.which is removable and attachable to the first molded part and / or the second molded part and / or at least one connecting molded part.

[0009] A key aspect of the invention is that, according to the invention, the cavity which serves as a matrix for producing the desired object is not formed from two prefabricated mold halves, but from numerous mold parts which can be arranged in a displaceable manner relative to one another, and optionally at least one insert device, in particular serving as a placeholder.

[0010] A further important aspect of the invention is that the cavity is formed by a first molded part and a second molded part which are arranged opposite each other, and that the distance between the first molded part and the second molded part is formed by connecting molded parts and / or a sealing profile arranged on the connecting molded parts, wherein the connecting molded parts and / or the sealing profile arranged on the connecting molded parts define a respective lateral boundary between the first molded part and the second molded part and keep the first molded part at a defined distance from each other with respect to the second molded part.

[0011] The cavity formed between the first molded part, the second molded part, and the connecting molded parts is thus variable in volume, since the connecting molded parts, in particular, can be repositioned relative to each other and therefore arranged closer together, further apart, or at different angles to each other. Furthermore, individual connecting molded parts can be replaced with other connecting molded parts that may have different dimensions or an outer contour.

[0012] With regard to the distance between the first molded part and the second molded part, the connecting molded parts can, for example, be of different lengths or widths depending on the shape, in order to bridge a distance between the first molded part and the second molded part and to form a tight connection with the respective first molded part and the respective second molded part.

[0013] With regard to the outer contour of a connecting mold part, this can vary, especially on the cavity side, for example to produce indentations or protrusions on a product.

[0014] The connecting components can furthermore be used with or without a sealing profile arranged in the direction of the cavity on the connecting components, wherein, according to one embodiment of the invention, the sealing profile can have the same extent, in particular vertical, defining a distance between the first component and the second component, as the connecting components locally assigned to the sealing profile, or alternatively, the sealing profile can have a greater extent than the connecting components locally assigned to the sealing profile, wherein in the latter case a compression of the sealing profile until the extent, in particular vertical, of the sealing profile is reached corresponds to the same extent of the connecting component(s) in the same direction as the respective locally assigned connecting component(s).

[0015] In this case, the sealing profile primarily fulfills a sealing function to prevent the escape of castable and / or injection-moldable material from the closed or closing mold, and furthermore a compensating function to compensate for any shrinkage of the castable and / or injection-moldable material during polymerization, solidification and / or curing by means of compression of the sealing profile during closing of the mold, which is accompanied by an expansion of the sealing profile at least in the direction of the cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the mold according to the invention optionally comprises at least one insert device, in particular serving as a placeholder, which can be removably attached to the first mold part and / or alternatively to the second mold part and / or alternatively to the at least one or more connecting mold part(s). The insert device has at least one outer shape that defines, at least in sections, the cavity bounded by the first mold part, the second mold part, and the connecting mold parts.

[0017] Such an insert device has the advantage according to the invention that the insert device can be used in the form of a placeholder that limits a space which is not to be filled with castable and / or injection-moldable material, i.e., in the finished object to be manufactured, it represents a space which is not filled with castable and / or injection-moldable material, but rather represents a recess, groove, for example a hole or a, for example V-shaped, gap.

[0018] The insert device, which can be attached to the cavity side in the shape according to the invention, thus advantageously serves, among other shaping features, to create predetermined breaking points and / or creases in the object to be manufactured, wherein the finished object can then be subdivided into smaller units along these predetermined breaking points and / or creases, for example by breaking, or folded, for example by folding, into a three-dimensional product.

[0019] In a highly practical way, a single cavity can thus be used to manufacture many products. This is achieved by separating the object produced from the castable and / or injection-moldable material within the cavity, i.e., the product volume, into smaller, desired components after polymerization, curing, and subsequent demolding. The desired products are thus essentially separated from the cast or injection-molded object by breaking it apart.

[0020] A further advantage of the at least one insert device that can be attached to the mold is the possibility of creating voids in the finished object, for example in the form of holes, undercuts, recesses, grooves, or gaps. For this purpose, the insert device(s) extend from the first mold part to the second mold part to create a passage through the desired object to be manufactured, whereas the insert device(s) for creating a groove or a non-through recess in or on the desired object to be manufactured only extends over a portion of the final distance between the first mold part and the second mold part when the mold according to the invention is closed.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the invention, the connecting mold parts are designed in such a way that they form a frame together and can be detachably fixed to the at least one first mold part and / or to the at least one second mold part.

[0022] The frame formed by the connecting mold parts is designed according to the invention such that the frame parts individually and the frame as a whole are arranged between the first mold part and the second mold part in such a way that the cavity formed by the connecting mold parts as well as the first mold part and the second mold part is suitable and sealed for filling with injection or potting compound, so that the injection or potting compound inside the cavity can be further processed into the object to be manufactured, such as by polymerization.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the invention, the individual connecting components, and optionally also the insert device(s), can be assembled into the frame by means of a plug-in, tongue-and-groove, and / or puzzle connection. A dovetail joint is particularly well suited for creating a puzzle-piece-like connection between the individual connecting components. In this case, a dovetail-like projection of one connecting component engages in a correspondingly shaped recess of another connecting component, so that the two connecting components are thus positively connected. It should be emphasized here that corresponding plug-in, tongue-and-groove, and / or puzzle connections can also be combined with one another if this appears advantageous, for example, in corner areas or to improve sealing.

[0024] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first molded part and / or the second molded part comprises a magnetic material or is at least partially made of such a material. A magnetic metal, in particular a magnetic stainless steel, is preferably considered as the magnetic material.

[0025] The provision of magnetic material in or on the first molded part and / or the second molded part, or the manufacture of the first and / or second molded part from a magnetic material, is particularly advantageous according to the invention if the connecting molded parts themselves or the frame made from the connecting molded parts, as well as the insert device(s), also have / have magnetic components or are themselves magnetic, as is provided according to the invention, since in this way a very simple attachment of the individual connecting molded parts or the entire frame or the insert device(s) to the first molded part and / or the second molded part is possible.

[0026] In this way, either the individual connecting mold parts or the entire frame or the insert device(s) can simply be attached magnetically, for example to the first mold part, whereby the connecting mold parts or the frame or the insert device(s) are fixed to the first mold part by a magnetic attraction between the first mold part and the connecting mold part or frame or insert device(s).

[0027] In the same way, the mold according to the invention can subsequently be closed by placing the second mold part on or against the connecting mold parts or, preferably, the complete frame that was previously manufactured and then connected to the first mold part on the side opposite the first mold part, thereby closing the cavity of the mold which serves as a matrix for the object to be manufactured.

[0028] It should be mentioned here that closing the mold can also be achieved in ways other than magnetically, for example mechanically by means of a buckle or clip mechanism, or in other known ways, such as by applying pressure to the second mold part. This pressure can be generated or applied, for example, hydraulically, pneumatically, or electrically, for example also by means of a motor, in particular a linear or servo motor.

[0029] A key aspect of a magnetic design of at least one first or second molded part, as well as the connecting molded parts individually, or the insert device(s) individually, or the entire frame, according to the invention, is that the individual connecting molded parts, the frame as a whole, or the insert device(s) can be attached to or detached from the first or second molded part in this way with extreme ease, and can also be moved, adjusted, or repositioned in their respective positions on the first or second molded part.

[0030] After the connecting molded parts or the entire frame have been securely and non-slip attached or mounted to the first or second molded part, the opposing molded part can then be attached either magnetically or, as described above, in another mechanical way, whereby the molded part opposite the molded part having the connecting molded parts or the frame is, for example, lowered onto the connecting molded parts or the frame formed from the connecting molded parts and then, preferably immovably, attached.

[0031] It is possible for the mold according to the invention to be completely closed in one step, or alternatively, for the mold to be initially closed only to the point where the sealing profile comes into contact with the respective closure component, i.e., the respective first or second component, so that the mold is sealed by the sealing profile, preventing any pourable and / or injection-moldable material present in or capable of being poured into the mold from unintentionally escaping. Subsequently, the mold can then be further closed by a further closing of the respective closure component, i.e., by...h of the respective first or second molded part, until a final closure state is reached, wherein the sealing profile preferably extends into the die or product space and conforms to the object to be manufactured, compensating for any shrinkage of the castable and / or injection-moldable material during polymerization and / or curing of the castable and / or injection-moldable material.

[0032] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the magnets, in particular permanent magnets, are arranged in recesses of the connecting parts or the insert(s) for fastening them to the at least one first component and / or the at least one second component, or are integrally formed with the connecting parts or the insert(s). In this way, the connecting parts or the insert(s) can be brought directly into contact with the first and / or second component without any magnets hindering a direct and tight attachment of the connecting parts to the first and / or second component.

[0033] It should be noted at this point that, according to the invention, the insert device(s) are essentially handleable and constructed in the same way as the connecting parts and can be connected to a construction, such as a frame, as desired.

[0034] If the magnets for attaching the connecting pieces are arranged in recesses in the connecting pieces, it is also possible to remove the respective magnets from these recesses to release the magnetic fixation of the connecting pieces to the first and / or second connecting piece. Furthermore, the magnets on the connecting pieces can also be replaced in this way.

[0035] An integral connection of the magnets with the connecting parts, for example by completely enclosing the magnets in a material of the connecting parts, offers the additional advantage that the magnets are permanently connected to the connecting parts and in this way misplacing or losing the magnets is impossible according to the invention.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting components and / or the insert device(s) have a surface, preferably inert, made of, for example, metal, in particular stainless steel, or plastic, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0037] Advantageously, according to the invention, it is ensured that there is no interaction between the casting or potting compound and the connecting mold parts and / or insert(s), or rather, the side of the connecting mold parts and / or insert(s) facing a product side of the mold according to the invention, so that ultimately the finished manufactured object can be easily removed from the mold and has an optimal surface. Similarly, the first and second mold parts also have an inert surface, at least on their side facing the die space, which can also consist, for example, of metal, in particular stainless steel, or plastic, in particular PTFE.

[0038] It should be noted at this point that although this invention always refers to a first and a second molded part, these first and second molded parts can themselves be composed of several segments, whereby, as with the frame according to the invention, plug-in, tongue and groove and puzzle connections can be used, so that not only the frame, but also the first and second molded parts are extremely easy to assemble and disassemble and can be modified with regard to their shape.

[0039] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one first molded part and / or the at least one second molded part, and optionally at least one connecting molded part and / or the insert device(s), has a polished, etched, ground, sandblasted or embossed surface on its side facing the cavity, i.e. the die space.

[0040] This offers the advantage according to the invention that the object to be manufactured can optionally be produced with a surface that is high-gloss and / or matte and / or embossed, wherein the surface on the object to be manufactured is not uniform but can be designed differently, namely, for example, in sections high-gloss, matte or embossed or provided with another structure.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one first mold part is arranged in a fixed position and the at least one second mold part is designed to be movable, in particular preferably translationally lowerable, for closing the mold in the direction of the at least one first mold part.

[0042] This offers the significant advantage that the second mold part can be moved in an exact alignment with the first mold part for closing and opening the mold, so that the cavity of the mold, i.e. the die for producing the desired object, can always be created in a precisely defined and reproducible manner when the mold is opened or closed, even when differently shaped and differently dimensioned frames composed of connecting mold parts are arranged between the first and second mold parts.

[0043] According to the invention, the sealing profile is a rubber profile arranged on the cavity side of the connecting molded parts. The same applies to the frame formed by the connecting molded parts. This rubber profile can, in turn, have a polished, etched, ground, sandblasted, or embossed surface on its cavity side, i.e., facing the product to be manufactured, in order to create different surface textures on the manufactured object.

[0044] A further advantage according to the invention of using such a rubber or caustic profile is an additional sealing of the cavity of the mold, since the rubber or caustic profile fits snugly against the inner surfaces and edges of the first and second molded parts and the frame composed of the connecting molded parts, which face the matrix or product space.

[0045] The combination of the surrounding frame elements and the profile rubber ensures that the surrounding rubber or caulking construction within the frame, i.e. facing the respective die spaces, remains in place even when injection and / or potting compound is injected under pressure into the die space, so that the injection and / or potting compound is not forced out of the die cavity.

[0046] A rubber or caoutchouc profile used in this way according to the invention thus fulfills a dual function, namely on the one hand a sealing function and on the other hand a shaping function with respect to the object to be manufactured.

[0047] Advantageously, according to the invention, the rubber or caoutchouc profile has a tab or strip, wherein the tab or strip engages in the connecting mold part, undercuts the connecting mold part and / or engages behind it.

[0048] The tab or strip in turn has an area with increased friction at at least one contact section with the connecting part, in particular opposite an area facing the cavity, wherein this area with increased friction is in particular roughened and / or toothed.

[0049] The tab or strip of the rubber profile serves to securely fix and / or anchor the rubber profile to the connecting mold part and, consequently, to the frame assembled from the connecting mold part. This prevents the rubber profile from being moved from its intended position, either when the mold cavity is filled or when the manufactured item is demolded, thus making slippage or displacement of the rubber profile virtually impossible. As mentioned above, the tab or strip of the rubber profile engages behind or undercuts the connecting mold part or the frame assembled from the connecting mold parts, or otherwise engages in a recess or projection of the respective connecting mold part or frame.

[0050] According to the invention, an additional securing device for the stationary fixing of the rubber or latex profile is provided at this point, which consists in the fact that the tab or strip has an additional area of ​​increased friction in its contact section with the connecting mold part or frame, so that the rubber or latex profile does not move relative to the respective connecting mold part or frame, particularly during operation of the mold according to the invention.

[0051] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the rubber or latex profile also has a profile on the cavity side, which can in particular be in the form of a taper that preferably extends in the direction of the first or second mold part to be opened during the opening of the mold. In other words, the rubber or latex profile used according to the invention is designed such that it widens in the direction, i.e., offers a larger clear cross-section, in which the manufactured product is to be demolded.

[0052] This measure serves to ensure that a manufactured product can be easily and smoothly removed from the mold according to the invention, while at the same time ensuring that both the frame and the rubber or latex profile remain securely fixed in their predetermined position.

[0053] According to the invention, the rubber or latex profile has an excess so that when the mold is closed, the rubber or latex profile is compressed, preferably accompanied by an expansion of the rubber or latex profile at least in the direction of the cavity, and when the mold is opened, the rubber or latex profile is expanded.

[0054] The rubber or latex profile usable according to the invention is thus placed in a tensioned state when the mold is closed, which relaxes again when the mold is opened. This pre-tension of the rubber or latex profile when the mold is closed can be used to a highly advantageous extent when the mold is opened, so that the rubber or latex profile, due to its relaxation upon opening the mold, presses itself away from the manufactured object and thus facilitates demolding of the manufactured object, so that the manufactured object can be easily and effortlessly removed from the mold according to the invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the rubber or capillary profile can have a profile on the cavity side which smooths out under pressure exerted on the rubber or capillary profile when the mold is closed, particularly in a straight line.

[0056] This measure according to the invention is also well suited to simplifying the demolding of the manufactured object. Furthermore, due to its elasticity on the one hand and its profiling on the other, the rubber or cast rubber profile can be very easily cleaned of any residues of the casting or potting compound.

[0057] Furthermore, according to the invention, the rubber or caubonic profile has at least on the cavity side a coating, in particular a release coating, which is inert to the castable and / or sprayable material.

[0058] According to the invention, this measure also serves to facilitate the demolding of the manufactured object and, moreover, prevents contamination of the rubber or caulking profile by any casting or potting compound.

[0059] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rubber or capillary profile can also have a surface, at least on the cavity side, that is reactive towards the castable and / or sprayable material, for example in the form of a coating or, in particular, an adhesive coating.

[0060] Such a reactive surface towards the castable and / or injection-moldable material can be used according to the invention if the rubber or latex profile is to adhere at least partially or completely to the manufactured object. Such a reactive surface for bonding the manufactured object and the rubber or latex profile is advantageous, for example, if the rubber or latex profile is to remain attached to the manufactured object, since it is desirable that the manufactured object be firmly bonded or provided with a rubber or latex at its edges, which, depending on the application, can serve as a sealing material for the manufactured object itself.

[0061] According to one embodiment of the invention, this reactive surface can also be provided in the form of an adhesive coating that ensures adhesion between the manufactured object and the side of the rubber or latex profile facing the manufactured object.

[0062] Furthermore, the problem according to the invention is also solved by using a mold according to the above descriptions for producing molded bodies from a castable and / or injection-moldable material.

[0063] In summary, the subject matter of the invention can therefore be described as follows.

[0064] This invention avoids the problem inherent in the prior art of having to produce a completely new mold for each product size. Compared to the prior art, the invention allows for flexible design and production of the dimensions of objects and products with regard to their length, width, and height.

[0065] According to the invention, or according to an embodiment of the invention, a plastic frame is attached to or on a molded part, i.e., for example, the first molded part, which is assigned to a later visible side of an object to be manufactured, wherein the plastic frame is held there by magnets.

[0066] The connecting molded parts, which can be designed as plastic strips, are joined together to form a frame by means of a puzzle connection, in particular a dovetail connection, or in another form-fitting manner, and can be arranged at any point on the mold, for example on the first molded part.

[0067] Since the connecting components are easy to place and adjust according to the invention, it is easy to manufacture products with different dimensions in length, width and height according to the invention.

[0068] When the first and second mold parts, for example designed as mold plates, move towards each other in a vertical movement, a product cavity is created which can be sealed, for example, by means of a rubber profile, whereby the rubber or caustic profile ensures that no product material can escape even with a slight overpressure in the mold.

[0069] The rubber or latex profile can also be used to shape the contour of the product as desired.

[0070] Thus, according to the invention, it is possible in a simple, cost-effective and very flexible way to produce universal products that differ in length, width and height by changing the shape and positioning of the plastic strips, i.e. the connecting molded parts, and the rubber profile.

[0071] Furthermore, with the help of a frame that has several compartments, i.e. matrix spaces, several products, preferably with the same thickness, can be produced simultaneously side by side.

[0072] According to the invention, the materials preferably used are stainless steel, in particular for the base plate (i.e., for example, for the first molded part) and for the cover plate (i.e., for example, for the second molded part). For the connecting molded parts, plastic, such as plastic strips, can be used, with PTFE strips being particularly preferred. Besides being easy to machine and thus adaptable to the desired geometries of the object to be manufactured, the latter material has the additional advantage of being inert to most castable and / or injection-moldable materials used to manufacture the desired object. However, it should be noted that the connecting molded parts can also be made of a metal that is inert to the castable and / or injection-moldable materials.

[0073] A silicone rubber profile is preferred as the rubber profile. This is also advantageously inert compared to most castable and / or injection-moldable materials for manufacturing the desired object.

[0074] Furthermore, the mold according to the invention optionally has a sprue nozzle to allow the mold to be filled even after it has been closed.

[0075] The hollow side of the steel plates, for example, can have a highly polished, etched / ground, or embossed surface to enable the production of products with high-gloss and / or matte and / or embossed finishes. This plate is part of the lower mold half, which is attached to the casting machine and cannot be moved.

[0076] The functionality of the invention is explained in more detail below.

[0077] On the lower cavity side of the mold according to the invention, the strips, i.e., the connecting mold parts that form the frame and are provided with a rubber profile on the inside, are attached. Since the strips are provided with magnets, the frame can be quickly clamped, i.e., fixed, on the lower cavity side. By replacing the existing strips with new strips of a different format, products of an unlimited number of different sizes can be manufactured. The steel plates, i.e., the first and second mold parts, which can only be moved vertically by a molding machine used to manufacture the desired items, rest on the rubber and thus close the compartments of the mold according to the invention formed by the frame structure and the first and second mold parts, which are designed, for example, as steel plates.The compartments, or chambers, are filled with the pourable and / or sprayable material, such as a resin mixture, and then heated so that the pourable and / or sprayable material, or the resin mixture, can harden. For example, at the position of the in . Fig. The material used to manufacture the desired object can be injected into the mold cavity, i.e., the die cavity, as indicated by the six thick arrows. Depending on requirements, other and possibly multiple injection points, for example from the bottom and / or side of the mold, can also be provided for the pourable and / or injectable material. The mold according to the invention is therefore also ideally suited for a so-called reaction injection molding (RIM) process. Once the pourable and / or injectable material, such as the resin mixture, has cured, the machine can be opened, and the product(s) can then be removed.

[0078] A key advantage of the invention is therefore the flexibility to quickly switch to the production of a product with a different size and thickness, i.e., different geometries, without incurring high costs.

[0079] In addition to its sealing function during the process, the rubber or latex profile used according to the invention also has the function of indenting itself during casting in order to build up a certain counter-pressure during the polymerization or curing of the castable and / or injection-moldable material, such as a resin.

[0080] In addition to its sealing function during the process, the rubber profile also has the function of indenting during casting, in order to expand again during polymerization of the castable and / or injection-moldable material, in order to allow or create shrinkage of the polymerizing material in the mold.

[0081] Furthermore, by using a sealing profile, in this case, for example, a rubber profile, it is possible to follow the shrinkage of the polymerizing material by further pressing or compressing the rubber profile during shrinkage. The rubber profile deforms in such a way that it expands into the product space while being compressed by the first and second mold parts. This can be achieved, for example, by bringing the mold halves, i.e., the first and second mold parts, closer together, so that the rubber profile is pressed further into the mold space with its side facing the mold cavity. According to the invention, the need to add further pourable and / or injection-moldable material, as required in the prior art, is therefore no longer necessary. The result is a product with a pleasing finish on both sides.

[0082] Furthermore, the surrounding frame elements hold the rubber profile in place. This has the advantage that the rubber profile remains in position when the mold is opened and therefore does not need to be reinstalled for the next casting, resulting in a significant time saving. To ensure proper retention, the ribs on the tab of the rubber profile create horizontal friction, allowing the tab to be positioned under the surrounding frame elements, thus guaranteeing vertical fixation of the rubber profile.

[0083] Furthermore, the rubber profile is angled. This makes it easier to remove and demold the manufactured object, for example, the cast plate, and allows the rubber to be reused more often.

[0084] According to an alternative embodiment, the rubber profile can be selected such that a straight side is formed after compression when the mold closes. The object being cast, for example, the plate, thus acquires a straight side adjacent to the rubber profile. As soon as the mold opens, the rubber springs back into its original shape. The cast object can then be easily demolded, and the rubber remains undamaged.

[0085] Furthermore, it was discovered according to the invention that the rubber profile and the surrounding frame elements ensure thermal insulation between the lower and upper molded parts, thereby preventing a thermal short circuit between the two molded parts when they are heated. This is particularly important when the two molded parts are heated to different temperatures. As a result, the mold heating / cooling processes do not affect each other, and especially not at the respective edges of the mold or product contour.

[0086] The rubber profile and the surrounding frame elements are manufactured according to the invention from a material that is essentially not related to the material, such as Quaryl. ® The material from which the product is to be manufactured adheres. This, in turn, has the advantage that the rubber profile can be used more frequently.

[0087] In the event of a leak through the rubber profile, any remaining plastic components, such as Quaryl, may also be present. ® Residues can be easily removed from the surrounding frame elements. Quaryl can be used with a casting without a rubber profile. ® -Easily remove any remaining residue from the surrounding frame elements.

[0088] Alternatively, a rubber (profile) made of a material that adheres well to the material, such as Quaryl, can be used. ® , adheres. As a result, a product with a combination of hard material, such as Quaryl, can be used. ® , and a soft material, namely rubber, are produced in a single casting. The rubber can then serve, for example, as a molded seal for a product or as a soft side of the casting, such as the casting plate.

[0089] Furthermore, when using insert devices or profiles according to the invention, V-shaped or straight grooves and recesses can be created in the molded body. This offers the important advantage according to the invention that, in a later step of the final product manufacturing process, edges and corners can be bent or formed by folding without having to saw or mill a groove, since the groove(s) can be created during casting and / or permanently hardened during curing for later use. A further advantage according to the invention resulting from the use of insert devices is that hard material, for example, plastic material with a hard filler such as Quaryl, can be used. ®The material, which is normally difficult to machine, can be produced already in its desired shape, thus avoiding rapid wear of milling / sawing tools according to the invention. The casting of grooves and slots according to the invention, particularly in V-shape, but also in other shapes, is advantageous in this respect.

[0090] Another important advantage of using insert devices or profiles according to the invention is the possibility of creating one or more fracture points at one or more precisely defined locations on the object being manufactured. Such a fracture point can be cast using a cast insert, namely an insert device according to the invention, during the manufacturing process. In this way, it is possible, for example, to produce a large plate and then break the plate along the respective fracture line(s) created, thus obtaining two or more smaller plates, without having to resort to cutting, milling, or sawing tools, which would wear out quickly, especially with hard materials, and therefore incur high costs.

[0091] Further advantages of creating such predetermined breaking points can be summarized as follows: - A large shaped product, such as a large slab, can be produced that can be easily reduced in size by breaking. - Only a single pouring and / or injection-moldable material needs to be placed in a mold to produce and process a sheet or molded part; that is, on a manufacturing machine, despite the possibility of producing several small products, only one manipulator action is necessary per sheet; that is, the manipulator does not need to be readjusted each time, especially if different product sizes are desired during a mold filling. - If a large slab is produced in order to make two or three smaller slabs from it, the large slab does not need to be divided by sawing before a product can be formed, according to the invention. - This allows different fracture surfaces to be created, e.g. straight fracture surfaces or fracture surfaces with a V-groove and slanted fracture surface or fracture edge. - No rubber profile is required for the insert devices, such as intermediate strips or puzzle strips, which in turn saves on the use of rubber.

[0092] Further embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

[0093] The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment, which is explained in more detail with reference to the figures. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a shape according to the invention in a first embodiment; Fig. 2 to Fig. 5 schematic representations of detailed enlargements of the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment according to the invention; Fig. 6 a schematic representation of the functioning of the embodiment according to the invention Fig. 1; Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 schematic representations of an embodiment of a rubber or latex profile usable according to the invention in various configurations Fig. 9 a schematic representation of how one or more creases can be introduced into an object to be manufactured; and Fig. 10 a schematic representation of how one or more predetermined breaking point(s) can be introduced into an object to be manufactured.

[0094] In the following description, the same reference numbers are used for identical and equivalent parts.

[0095] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a mold 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The mold 10 comprises a first in Fig. 1 molded part 30 shown above, and a second one in Fig. Figure 1 shows a molded part 40 below, to which connecting molded parts 50 are joined and attached to form a frame 130. The frame 130 formed from the connecting molded parts 50 is arranged on the second molded part 40 and is designed such that when the first molded part 30 is lowered onto the frame 130 formed from the connecting molded parts 50, two cavities 20 are formed which are suitable for receiving castable and / or injection-moldable material and thus for producing molded parts from such material.

[0096] The Fig. 2 to Fig. Figure 5 each shows schematic representations of detailed enlargements of the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment according to the invention, wherein Fig. Figure 2 shows a section of a second molded part 40, on which connecting molded parts 50 are joined by means of a puzzle connection 60. The connecting molded parts 50 together form a frame 130, which has a rubber profile 90 in the direction of a cavity 20, which serves as a die space.

[0097] Furthermore, in Fig. Figure 2 shows that the connecting parts 50 have recesses 80, each suitable for receiving a magnet which serves to fix the connecting parts 50 onto the magnetically formed second part 40. As shown in Fig. As further shown in Figure 2, the connecting mold parts 50 have numerous puzzle connection recesses, so that the individual connecting mold parts 50 can be arranged differently relative to each other, positively connected to each other and magnetically fixed on the first mold part 40.

[0098] Fig. Figure 3 shows essentially the same section of the mold according to the invention as Fig. 2, namely the second molded part 40, on which the frame 130, composed of connecting molded parts 50, is arranged, wherein a rubber or latex profile is arranged within the frame 130 facing a cavity 20. Furthermore, it shows Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic view of how the first molded part 30 is lowered onto the frame 130 and subsequently placed on top.

[0099] The two Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 5 shows, in an enlarged view, how the rubber or latex profile 90 is arranged on the connecting piece 50 and how the connecting piece 50 is in turn fixed to the second piece 40 by means of a magnet 70. The magnet 70 is arranged in a recess 80 of the connecting piece 50. The connecting piece 50 also has an undercut into which a tab or strip 100 of the rubber or latex profile 90 engages. The tab 100 has, on its upper surface facing the connecting piece 50, an area of ​​increased friction, namely in the form of teeth 110.The rubber or latex profile 90 has a taper in the form of a chamfer on its side facing the cavity 20 serving as a matrix space, which widens the cavity 20 in the direction of the first mold part 30, so that a finished product can be easily removed from the mold 10 according to the invention when the first mold part 30 has been removed from the frame 130 to open the mold 10.

[0100] Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the functioning of the embodiment according to the invention. Fig. 1, wherein the in Fig. The six thick arrows shown symbolize where the cavities 20 can be filled with a pourable and / or sprayable material. The two upward-pointing arrows symbolize how and in what direction the first mold part 30 can be removed from the frame 130 to open the mold 10.

[0101] The Fig. 7 and Fig. Figure 8 shows schematic representations of an embodiment of a rubber or latex profile usable according to the invention in various configurations. Here, [the figure] shows Fig. 7 a rubber or latex profile 90 which has a profile 120 on its product-facing side, i.e. on the side facing the cavity 20, which is smoothed in the course of closing the mold 10 according to the invention, wherein the rubber or latex profile 90 corresponds to the in Fig. The configuration shown in Figure 8 is compressed and thus stretched. When the mold 10 according to the invention is opened, the rubber or latex profile 90 returns to its original profiled configuration as shown in Figure 8. Fig. 7. Furthermore, in the Fig. 7 and Fig. Figure 8 shows the tab 100 of the rubber or latex profile 90, which has an upwardly directed toothing 110 that prevents the rubber or latex profile 90 from slipping in its arrangement on the frame 130, or under a connecting section of the connecting mold part 50, even when the mold 10 according to the invention is filled or the manufactured object is demolded from the mold 10 according to the invention.

[0102] Fig. Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of how one or more creases 150 can be introduced into an object 160 to be manufactured, wherein the creases 150, which are formed in the form of V-shaped grooves, can then be used to bend or fold the manufactured object at these creases in order to produce a three-dimensional, for example box-shaped, product. Fig. Figure 9 shows a mold 10 with a cavity 20 for this purpose, wherein the cavity 20 is formed by an upper first mold part 30, a lower second mold part 40, and laterally arranged connecting mold parts 50, which form the lateral boundaries of the cavity 20 of the mold 10. An insert device 140 is arranged on the upper first mold part 30, which has a triangular cross-section, the base of which rests against the first mold part 30 and is held there by a magnet 70 or thus attached to the first mold part 30. When the mold 10 is filled with a castable and / or injection-moldable material according to the invention, the entire cavity 20 of the mold 10 is filled, with the insert device 140 serving as a placeholder for a V-shaped bend 150 produced in the finished object 160.By bending or folding the manufactured item 160 along such a crease, it is advantageously possible to produce a product 165 in the form of a folded or bent item 160, which, for example, has a three-dimensional or box-shaped geometry. To enable such folding of the manufactured item 160, the respective creases 150 produced extend over a range of 80% to 99%, preferably 85% to 97%, and particularly preferably 90% to 95% of the thickness of the item to be manufactured, thereby creating a type of film hinge.

[0103] Fig. Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of how one or more predetermined breaking point(s) can be created in an object 160 to be manufactured. For this purpose, a form analogous to the one in Fig. The form described in section 9 is used to create V-shaped grooves, which represent the subsequent predetermined breaking points 170. In this way, an object 160 can be divided, for example, into a sub-object 1 161, a sub-object 2 162 and a sub-object 3 163 by simple breaking, without the need for a cutting, sawing or milling tool.

[0104] Both in Fig. 9 as well as in Fig. In the left part of the figure, the mold tool, or mold 10, is shown with the insert device 140 and the magnet 70 that secures the insert device 140. The magnet 70 is integrally formed with the insert device 140, so that a smooth contact of the respective insert device 140 with the first mold part 30 is possible. In the respective right part of Fig. 9 and Fig.Figure 10 shows the respective object 160 produced with the form shown in the left area and outlines its possible further use.

[0105] It should be noted here that all the parts described above, considered individually and in any combination, especially the details shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention. Modifications to this are familiar to those skilled in the art. Reference symbol list 10 Form 20 cavity 30 first molded part 40 second molded part 50 Connecting fitting 60 puzzle pieces 70 Magnet 80 Exclusion 90 Sealing profile, rubber or caoutchouc profile 100 tab or strip 110 Area with increased friction, toothing 120 Profiling 130 frames 140 Insert device 150 kink 160 Item 161 Sub-subject 1 162 Sub-subject 2 163 Sub-item 3 165 Product = folded item 170 Breakaway point

Claims

[1] Mold (10) for producing molded parts from a castable and / or injection-moldable material, wherein the mold (10) is modular in design and has at least one cavity (20) which is bounded by at least one first mold part (30), at least one second mold part (40) which is arranged substantially opposite the first mold part (30), and connecting mold parts (50), wherein the connecting mold parts (50) are arranged between the first mold part (30) and the second mold part (40) and are displaceable relative to each other, and the connecting mold parts (50) and a sealing profile (90) arranged on the connecting mold parts (50) in the direction of the cavity (20) define a respective distance between the at least one first mold part (30) and the at least one second mold part (40), wherein the mold (10) optionally has at least one insert device, in particular serving as a placeholder,which is removable and attachable to the first molded part (30) and / or the second molded part (30) and / or at least one connecting molded part (50), characterized by , that the sealing profile (90) is a rubber or latex profile (90), wherein the rubber or latex profile (90) has an excess such that when the mold is closed, compression of the rubber or latex profile (90) occurs, accompanied by expansion of the rubber or latex profile (90) at least in the direction of the cavity (20), and when the mold is opened, expansion of the rubber or latex profile (90) occurs. [2] Form according to claim 1, characterized by that the connecting components (50) form a frame together and can be detachably fixed to the at least one first component (30) and / or to the at least one second component (40). [3] Form according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the first molded part (30) and / or the second molded part (40) have a magnetic material and / or are preferably made of metal, in particular stainless steel. [4] Form according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the connecting components (50) and / or the insert device have a surface, preferably inert, for example made of metal, in particular stainless steel, or plastic, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). [5] Form according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 4, characterized by , that the connecting parts (50) can be assembled into the frame by means of plug-in, tongue and groove or puzzle connections (60), for example in the form of dovetail joints. [6] Form according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 5, characterized bythat the connecting components (50), in particular the frame, and / or the insert device are magnetically attachable to the at least one first component (30) and / or the at least one second component (40). [7] Form according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that magnets (70) for fastening the connecting parts (50) and / or the insert device(s) to the at least one first part (30) and / or the at least one second part (40) are arranged in recesses (80) of the connecting parts (50) and / or the insert device(s) or are integrally formed with the connecting parts (50) and / or the insert device(s). [8] Form according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the at least one first molded part (30) and / or the at least one second molded part (40) and optionally at least one connecting molded part (50) and / or at least one insert device have a polished, etched, ground, sandblasted or embossed surface on their side facing the cavity (20). [9] Form according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the at least one first mold part (30) is arranged in a fixed position and the at least one second mold part (40) is moved in the direction of the at least one first mold part (30) to close the mold (10), in particular, preferably translationally, is lowered. [10] Form according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the rubber or latex profile (90) has a tab or strip (100) wherein the tab or strip (100) engages in the connecting mold part (50), undercuts and / or engages behind the connecting mold part (50). [11] Form according to claim 10, characterized by that the tab or strip (100) has an area of ​​increased friction (110) at at least one contact section with the connecting part (50), in particular towards an area facing the cavity (20), in particular roughened and / or toothed. [12] Form according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the rubber or latex profile (90) has a profile on the cavity side, in particular a taper, which preferably extends in the direction of the first (30) or second mold part (40) to be opened during an opening of the mold. [13] Form according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the rubber or latex profile (90) has a profile on the cavity side which smooths out under pressure exerted on the rubber or latex profile (90) when the mold is closed, in particular in a straight line. [14] Form according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the rubber or capillary profile (90) has at least on the cavity side a coating inert to the castable and / or sprayable material, in particular a release coating. [15] Form according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the rubber or capillary profile (90) has at least on the cavity side a surface that is reactive towards the castable and / or sprayable material, for example in the form of a coating or in particular an adhesive coating. [16] Use of a mold according to any of the preceding claims for producing molded bodies.

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