Electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle

Abstract

Electrical energy storage device (1) for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, comprising a plurality of storage cells (2) designed to store the electrical energy, each of which has a cell housing (4) defining a receiving space (5) and a line element (7) through which a temperature control medium can flow and penetrating the receiving space (5), characterized in that the storage cells (2) are held on a cell holder (14) designed separately from the storage cells (2) and at least limiting relative movements between the storage cells (2), which cell holder has domes (17, 18) through which the temperature control medium can flow and which are inserted into the line elements (7), via which domes the temperature control medium can be introduced into the line elements (7) and / or discharged from the line elements (7).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with at least one such energy storage device.

[0002] DE 10 2016 009 910 A1 discloses a battery device comprising a tubular housing surrounding a battery cell compartment. At least one battery cell or at least one battery cell coil is accommodated or at least receivable in the battery cell compartment. The housing has an outer shell and axially opposite end faces, each of which houses at least one electrical contact. A cooling line is routed through the battery cell compartment and through the housing surfaces.

[0003] A modular support element for cylindrical battery cells is known from WO 2019 / 043 413 A1.

[0004] Furthermore, DE 10 2008 009 041 A1 discloses a drive battery assembly of an electric fuel cell or hybrid vehicle for transporting persons and / or goods.

[0005] DE 10 2021 104 787 A1 relates to a battery cell for a motor vehicle battery, comprising a battery cell housing and an electrode coil arranged in a receiving space of the battery cell defined by the battery cell housing. The electrode coil encloses a pin-shaped body of the battery cell, which has a hollow space. A cooling fluid is applied to the hollow space to cool the battery cell. The pin-shaped body has a free end, at which the pin-shaped body is closed.

[0006] DE 10 2020 207 858 A1 shows a battery cell for a battery module of a battery system of a motor vehicle, wherein the battery cell has a flexible, windable base body with an anode, a cathode and at least one separator arranged between the anode and the cathode, wherein the base body is wound several times in a winding direction around a winding axis of the battery cell to form several winding layers, and wherein at least one temperature control body of the battery cell for temperature control of the battery cell is arranged between two adjacent winding layers.

[0007] DE 10 2014 206 832 A1 relates to an electrochemical energy storage cell for repeatedly storing electrical energy, to an accumulator comprising at least one electrochemical energy storage cell, and to a method for arranging a temperature control element in an electrochemical energy storage cell, wherein the electrochemical energy storage cell has at least two electrodes spaced apart from one another by a separator and arranged around a cell core in the form of a flat cell or round cell, and at least one temperature control element for temperature control of the electrochemical energy storage cell, which is arranged at least in a region of the cell core of the electrochemical energy storage cell.

[0008] DE 10 2012 018 339 B4 relates to a battery consisting of several individual electrochemical cells with a cell casing with a prismatic cross-section. The heat-conducting rods are arranged in the cell casing. A cell coil is wound around the heat-conducting rods, which is surrounded by a cell stack. The individual cells are located on a heat-conducting plate. The heat-conducting rods of the individual cells are firmly connected and glued to the heat-conducting plate.

[0009] DE 103 58 582 A1 describes battery cells comprising a core surrounded by a cell jacket and connected to the jacket in a predetermined manner by a welded joint. The core and jacket form heat dissipation devices. The core interior is thoroughly flushed with a preset heat transfer medium. A welded joint is understood to mean the production of a cell with a closed spool on one or both sides.

[0010] WO 2022 / 063632 A1 relates to an energy storage cell in the form of a cylindrical round cell with an outer diameter of at least 30 mm, comprising an electrode-separator assembly arranged in the following sequence: anode, separator, cathode. The electrode-separator assembly is in the form of a hollow cylindrical winding with two terminal end faces and a winding sheath located between them. The energy storage cell comprises a housing surrounding a hollow cylindrical interior. Inside the housing, the electrode-separator assembly is axially aligned in the form of a winding.To define the interior, the housing comprises: a first annular closure element having an outer diameter and an inner diameter; a second annular closure element having an outer diameter and an inner diameter; a first tubular housing part having two end circular openings, wherein the diameter of the first tubular housing part is matched to the outer diameter of the first annular closure element and the second annular closure element; and a second tubular housing part having two end circular openings, wherein the diameter of the second tubular housing part is matched to the inner diameter of the first annular closure element and the second annular closure element.The strip-shaped electrodes of the electrode-separator assembly are contacted via the longitudinal edges of the electrodes, which protrude from the end faces of the hollow cylindrical coil. The energy storage cell comprises an at least partially metallic contact element that is in direct contact with one of the longitudinal edges and is preferably connected to it by welding. The first or second annular closure element acts as the contact element. The second tubular housing part of the housing defines a channel that is open at both ends and runs axially through the energy storage cell.

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle with at least one such electrical energy storage device, so that a particularly advantageous temperature control can be realized in a particularly cost-effective manner.

[0012] This object is achieved according to the invention by an electrical energy storage device having the features of patent claim 1 and by a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 15. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0013] A first aspect of the invention relates to an electrical energy storage device, also simply referred to as a storage device, for storing, in particular electrochemically, electrical energy or electrical current for a motor vehicle. The electrical energy storage device is preferably designed as a battery, in particular as a secondary battery, so that the electrical energy can be stored or is stored, in particular electrochemically, by means of the electrical energy storage device. The motor vehicle, which is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, thus has the electrical energy storage device in its fully manufactured state. The electrical energy storage device is preferably designed as a high-voltage component whose electrical voltage, in particular electrical operating or nominal voltage, is preferably greater than 50 volts (V), in particular greater than 60 volts, and very preferably amounts to several hundred volts.As a result, for example, particularly high electrical outputs can be achieved for electrically, in particular purely electrically, driving the motor vehicle. The motor vehicle is preferably designed as a hybrid or electric vehicle, in particular as a battery-electric vehicle (BEV). Thus, in its fully manufactured state, the motor vehicle has, for example, at least one electrical machine by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven electrically, in particular purely electrically. For this purpose, the electrical machine is supplied with the electrical energy stored in the electrical energy store. The electrical machine is preferably a high-voltage component whose electrical voltage, in particular electrical operating or nominal voltage, is preferably greater than 50 V, in particular greater than 60 V, and very preferably amounts to several hundred volts.

[0014] The electrical energy storage device, also simply referred to as an energy storage device, has a plurality of storage cells in or by means of which the electrical energy is to be stored, in particular electrochemically. The storage cells are also referred to as cells and are individual cells, i.e., components formed separately from one another. In particular, the respective storage cell is a battery cell, i.e., a secondary cell. In other words, it is preferably provided that the respective storage cell is designed as an accumulator or as an accumulator cell.

[0015] The respective storage cell has a cell housing, by which a receiving space of the respective storage cell is delimited, in particular directly. For example, a respective storage device for, in particular electrochemically, storing the electrical energy is arranged in the respective receiving space of the respective storage cell. The storage device comprises, for example, at least one electrode. In particular, the respective storage device preferably comprises at least or exactly two electrodes. For example, a first of the electrodes has a first electrical polarity, wherein, for example, the respective second electrode has a second electrical polarity different from the first electrical polarity. Thus, for example, one of the electrodes is designed as a cathode and the other electrode as an anode.Alternatively or additionally, the respective storage device can have a respective, in particular liquid, electrolyte, wherein, for example, the electrode is in, in particular direct, contact with the electrolyte.

[0016] The respective storage cell also has a respective conduit element through which a preferably liquid temperature control medium can flow for temperature control, i.e., for cooling and / or heating the respective storage cell. The respective conduit element penetrates or passes through the respective receiving space, in particular such that the respective conduit element itself, i.e., considered on its own, opens at both ends, i.e., at both ends, into a respective environment of the respective storage cell or the respective cell housing. In particular, it is conceivable for the respective conduit element to penetrate or pass through the respective storage device.

[0017] For example, the respective storage cell, in particular the respective cell housing, has two end sides or end faces, wherein the end sides or the end faces are spaced apart from one another along a spacing direction and lie opposite one another. It is conceivable for the respective conducting element to be formed separately from the respective cell housing and to be connected to the respective cell housing. Furthermore, it is conceivable, for example, for the respective cell housing to have a respective housing shell which extends, in particular along the spacing direction, for example between the end sides or end faces. In particular, it is conceivable for the end faces or end sides and the housing shell to delimit the respective receiving space, in particular directly.It is conceivable for the storage cell to be a cylindrical storage cell and thus have a cylindrical, round, or circular outer circumference, so that, for example, the respective housing shell, also referred to as the cell shell, has a cylindrical, round, or circular outer circumference, so that, for example, the cell shell has a cylindrical, round, or circular outer circumference, in particular a circular outer circumference. However, the respective storage cell can have any shape on the outer circumference, so that the respective storage cell can, for example, have a prismatic outer circumference. In particular, it is conceivable for the spacing direction of the respective storage cell to coincide with a respective longitudinal extension direction of the respective storage cell, which can extend elongatedly along its longitudinal extension direction.In this case, it is particularly conceivable for the conduit element to penetrate the end faces or the end surfaces. Thus, for example, the temperature control medium can be introduced into the conduit element from outside the respective storage cell, in particular via a first end of the conduit element. For example, the temperature control medium, in particular after it has flowed through the respective conduit element, can be discharged from the conduit element, in particular via the second end of the respective conduit element, and thus guided to the surroundings of the respective storage cell itself.

[0018] In order to be able to achieve particularly advantageous temperature control, i.e. cooling and / or heating, of the storage cell in a particularly cost-effective manner, the invention provides that the electrical energy store has a cell holder which is designed separately from the storage cells and thus separately from the cell housings and the conducting elements and is also simply referred to as a holder, on which cell holder the storage cells are held, in particular directly, whereby relative movements between the storage cells are at least limited, in particular prevented. This means that the cell holder at least limits, in particular prevents, relative movements between the storage cells. In particular, the storage cells are held against one another or together via the cell holder. This is to be understood in particular that the storage cells are held relative to one another by means of the cell holder in a pattern predetermined by the cell holder.Furthermore, it is particularly preferably provided that the storage cells, in particular in pairs, are held at a respective distance from one another by means of the cell holder, so that it is preferably provided that the storage cells do not directly touch one another.

[0019] The cell holder has domes through which the preferably liquid temperature control medium can flow and which are inserted into the line elements, in particular via the respective ends of the respective line elements, via which the temperature control medium can be introduced into the line elements and / or discharged from the line elements, i.e., can be discharged from the line elements. The domes are, for example, in particular elongated projections that are inserted into the line elements and are thus each arranged at least partially in the line elements. This enables a simple, cost-effective, effective, and efficient supply of the temperature control medium to the line elements, and the temperature control medium can be discharged from or from the line elements via the domes in a simple, cost-effective, effective, and efficient manner. The electrical energy storage device can be manufactured particularly simply and thus quickly and cost-effectively.For this purpose, for example, the domes are simply inserted into the line elements, enabling effective and efficient supply and / or removal of the temperature control medium to and from the line elements. Since the temperature control medium is guided through the receiving spaces on its way through the domes and the line elements by means of the line elements and thus flows through the receiving spaces of the storage cells, particularly effective and efficient temperature control, i.e., cooling and / or heating of the storage cells, can be achieved. In particular, temperature control of the storage cells can be realized in the manner of immersion temperature control, however, without implementing actual immersion temperature control and thus having to accept the disadvantages of such immersion temperature control.Immersion temperature control is understood in particular to mean that, for example, during operation of the electrical energy storage device, the storage cells, particularly on the outer circumference, are in direct contact with the temperature control medium, and the temperature control medium flows around and around them. However, it has been found that such immersion temperature control can have a disadvantage such that it can lead to undesirable leaks and / or corrosion effects. However, such immersion temperature control can effectively and efficiently control the temperature of the storage cells, as a particularly advantageous, effective, and efficient heat exchange between the temperature control medium and the storage cells can be ensured.The invention now makes it possible to avoid potentially undesirable effects such as unwanted leaks and corrosion during immersion temperature control while still achieving effective and efficient temperature control of the storage cells. Since the temperature control medium is passed through the receiving spaces by means of the conduit elements, an effective and efficient heat exchange can take place between the storage cells and the temperature control medium. For example, if the temperature control medium has a higher temperature than the storage cells while the temperature control medium flows through the conduit elements and thus through the receiving spaces, heat is transferred from the temperature control medium to the storage cells via the conduit elements, thereby heating and / or keeping the storage cells warm.If, for example, the temperature control medium has a lower temperature than the storage cells while the temperature control medium flows through the pipe elements and thus through the receiving spaces, heat can be transferred from the storage cells to the temperature control medium via the pipe elements, thereby cooling the storage cells.

[0020] Furthermore, the invention enables functional integration, thereby keeping costs particularly low. In particular, the respective line element can have multiple functions. A first of the functions can be a support function, within the scope of which, for example, the line element supports the respective storage device of the respective storage cell and thus protects it, for example, against undesired collapse, in particular as a result of charging and discharging processes. A second of the functions can comprise a housing function, within the scope of which the line element partially, for example directly, delimits the receiving space. A third of the functions can be a conduction function, within the scope of which the temperature control medium is guided or directed in a targeted and advantageous manner by means of the line element, in particular through the receiving space, whereby effective and efficient temperature control of the storage cells can be achieved.

[0021] It is conceivable that, for example, at least one or exactly one connection element, also referred to as a terminal, can be provided on a first of the end faces and / or on a second of the end faces. For example, the storage cells are electrically connected to one another via the connection elements and are connected in series or parallel to one another, for example. For example, the respective storage cell can provide the electrical energy stored in the respective storage cell via its respective connection elements. Furthermore, it is conceivable that electrical energy can be fed into the respective storage cell via the connection elements of the respective storage cell in order to thus store the electrical energy in the respective storage cell. The invention also enables particularly advantageous temperature control of the connection elements to be implemented.

[0022] The domes are also called male connectors because they are inserted into the line elements designed as female connectors, or also referred to as female connectors. The invention makes it possible for the domes to not have to be constructed according to an SAE standard, as is the case with quick couplings, also known as quick connectors (QC). This eliminates the need for a costly retaining collar. Such retaining collars or other costly elements, which, for example, prevent the domes from being pushed out of the line elements by the corresponding pressure of the temperature control medium, can be avoided because the domes are components of the cell holder. The cell holder is also referred to as a cell carrier or carrier.

[0023] The line element is, so to speak, a respective female piece of a quick connection. This means in particular that the respective dome can be connected at least fluidically and preferably also mechanically to the respective line element in a particularly simple and time- and thus cost-effective manner, in particular by inserting the respective dome into the respective line element, in particular along the spacing direction or along the longitudinal direction of the respective storage cell. The respective fluidic connection of the respective dome and the respective line element means in particular that the temperature control medium can flow through the respective dome and through the respective line element and can thus flow, for example, from the respective dome into the respective line element or from the respective line element into the respective dome.In particular, the invention makes it possible to keep the number of parts and thus the installation space requirements and costs of the electrical energy storage device particularly low. In particular, the invention makes it possible, for example, to manufacture the electrical energy storage device from only seven individual elements, of which, for example, only six are different components.

[0024] In order to achieve particularly effective and efficient temperature control and to avoid unwanted leaks in a particularly simple manner, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the respective dome is sealed against the respective line element into which the respective dome is inserted, by means of at least one respective sealing element formed separately from the respective line element and separately from the respective dome. For example, the respective sealing element is formed from a rubber. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the respective sealing element is formed as a respective sealing ring, in particular as an O-ring. It has proven particularly advantageous if at least the first of the sealing elements are arranged in corresponding indentations in the respective cell housing.In this way, undesired relative movements between the first sealing elements and the domes, as well as between the first sealing elements and the cell housings, can be avoided, so that effective and efficient sealing can be achieved in a simple manner. In particular, it is conceivable that, in particular for each dome, at least one sealing element, in particular designed as an O-ring, is used, i.e. is used, in particular to seal the respective dome against the respective line element. In particular, in particular for each dome, at least or exactly two sealing elements, for example designed as O-rings, can be used, in particular to seal the respective dome against the respective line element. It is conceivable that the sealing elements are made of different materials, in particular to cover negative and high, positive temperature ranges.Thus, for example, at least or exactly four sealing elements are provided for each storage cell, since, for example, at least or exactly two domes are provided for each storage cell, which are each sealed against the respective line element by means of the at least or exactly two sealing elements.

[0025] A further embodiment is characterized in that at least one respective component of the respective storage cell, which is formed separately from the respective cell housing and formed in the respective receiving space, is fixed to the respective cell housing by the respective indentation. It is preferably provided that a plurality of respective components of the respective storage cell, which are formed separately from the respective cell housing and separately from one another and are arranged in the receiving space, are fixed to the respective cell housing and to one another by the respective indentation. The indentation therefore has a dual function. On the one hand, the indentation is used to fix the at least one component to the respective cell housing. On the other hand, the indentation is used to fix the sealing element.This allows unwanted leaks to be avoided in a simple and cost-effective manner, thus enabling particularly effective and efficient temperature control.

[0026] For example, the respective indentation is created by crimping. Thus, for example, the at least one respective component is fixed to the respective cell housing by crimping.

[0027] In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the respective component comprises a respective contact element and / or a respective electrical heating element. The background to this embodiment is that components such as electrical contact elements and electrical heating elements should be fixed to the respective cell housing anyway in order to ensure the desired function of the respective storage cell. The invention now utilizes a fixing step that is used anyway, by means of which the at least one component is fixed to the respective cell housing, in order to also fix the sealing element and thus realize effective and efficient temperature control in a particularly cost-effective manner.

[0028] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first of the domes are designed as supply domes, through which the temperature control medium can be introduced into the line elements. The supply domes are inserted into the line elements from a first side and thus protrude from the first side into the line elements, in particular from the area surrounding the respective storage cell.

[0029] Second domes are designed as discharge domes, via which the temperature control medium can be discharged from the line elements, and thus removed from the line elements. The second domes are inserted into the line elements from a second side and thus protrude, for example, from the second side into the line elements, in particular from the surroundings of the respective storage cell. The second side is opposite the first side or vice versa, in particular along the spacing or longitudinal extension direction. In particular, the or all of the supply domes are arranged on the same, first side. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable for the or all of the discharge domes to be arranged on the same, second side. This can ensure effective and efficient temperature control of the storage cells.

[0030] In order to keep costs particularly low, a further embodiment of the invention provides for the supply domes to be formed integrally with one another. This means that the supply domes, also referred to as supply domes or supply domes, are formed from a single piece, i.e., from a single piece. In other words, the supply domes are formed from a monoblock or by a monoblock.

[0031] In order to be able to realize particularly effective and efficient temperature control in a particularly cost-effective manner, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the electrical energy storage device has a supply line element common to the or all supply domes and through which a temperature control medium can flow, via which the supply domes can be supplied with the temperature control medium. The supply line element is formed integrally with the supply domes. This means that the supply domes and the supply line element common to the supply domes are formed from a single piece, thus being formed by a single piece, so that the supply domes and the supply line element are formed from a monoblock or by a monoblock.This means that the supply domes and the supply line element are not formed from separate and interconnected components, but the supply domes and the supply line element are formed from a single piece, thus formed by a one-piece body which is formed from a single piece.

[0032] In order to keep costs particularly low, a further embodiment of the invention provides for the discharge domes to be formed integrally with one another. This means that the discharge domes are preferably not formed from separate and interconnected components and thus assembled, but rather the discharge domes are preferably formed from a single piece and thus formed as one or a monoblock.

[0033] In order to be able to provide particularly effective and efficient temperature control in a particularly cost-effective manner, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the electrical energy storage devices have a discharge line element which is common to the discharge domes and formed in one piece with the discharge domes and through which the temperature control medium can flow, into which the temperature control medium can be introduced from the discharge domes, so that the temperature control medium can be discharged from the discharge domes via the discharge line element, i.e. can be discharged from the discharge domes.This means that the discharge domes and the discharge line element are not formed as separate and interconnected components. Rather, the discharge domes and the discharge line element are preferably formed from a single piece, thus forming a monoblock, so that the discharge domes and the discharge line element are preferably formed from a single piece and thus formed as a monoblock. In principle, it would be conceivable for the aforementioned bodies, i.e. the body also referred to as the first body, by which the supply domes and the supply line element are formed, and the body also referred to as the second body, by which the discharge domes and the discharge line element are formed, to be formed integrally with one another.Very preferably, it is also provided that the first body and the second body are formed separately from one another and connected to one another, wherein the first body is formed from a single piece and the second body is formed from a single piece.

[0034] A further embodiment is characterized in that the cell holder has a first holder part which has the supply domes and is arranged on the first side and which is, for example, the first body or is formed by the first body. The cell holder also has a second holder part which has the discharge domes and is arranged on the second side and which is, for example, the second body or is formed by the second body. The holder parts are formed separately from one another and connected to one another. Thus, the first holder part is preferably formed in one piece, i.e. from a single piece, such that the first holder part is a first monoblock or is formed by a first monoblock.Alternatively or additionally, it is preferably provided that the second holder part is formed integrally and thus from a single piece, so that the second holder part is a second monoblock or is formed by a second monoblock. This allows costs to be kept particularly low.

[0035] In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first holder part has a first cover element arranged on the first side, from which the feed domes and first column parts of the first holder part protrude in a first direction pointing from the first side and from the first cover element to the second side. Thus, it is preferably provided that the first column parts are also formed by the first body, so that preferably the first column parts and the feed domes are formed integrally with one another. The second holder part has a second cover element arranged on the second side, from which the discharge domes and second column parts of the second holder part protrude in a second direction pointing from the second side and from the second cover element to the first side, opposite the first direction.Preferably, the second body forms the second column parts, so that the second column parts can be formed integrally with the discharge domes. Overall, it can be seen that, for example, the first cover element, the first column parts, and the supply domes, as well as preferably also the supply line element, are formed integrally with one another, i.e., from a single piece. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the second cover element, the second column parts, and the discharge domes, as well as preferably also the discharge line element, are formed integrally with one another, i.e., from a single piece.

[0036] Each of the first column parts and each of the second column parts form a respective column part pair, the respective second column part of which adjoins the respective first column part of the respective column part pair in the first direction. The respective column parts of the respective column pair are connected to one another, whereby the holder parts are connected to one another. This enables particularly simple and therefore cost-effective production of the electrical energy storage device. To produce the electrical energy storage device, for example, the supply domes and the discharge domes are inserted into the line elements, in particular such that the supply domes are inserted into the line elements in the first direction and the discharge domes are inserted into the second direction.The domes are inserted into the line elements in such a way that the column parts of the column part pairs are connected to one another, thereby connecting the holder parts. Connecting the holder parts prevents the domes from being forced out of the line elements, particularly due to pressure from the temperature control medium, thus enabling a particularly simple and cost-effective design and manufacture or assembly of the energy storage device, while simultaneously enabling effective and efficient temperature control of the storage cells.

[0037] In order to be able to connect the column parts and thus the holder parts to one another in a simple and cost-effective and particularly strong manner, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the respective column parts of the respective column part pair are locked together, whereby the holder parts are locked together.

[0038] Finally, it has proven particularly advantageous if the respective holder part is formed as a single piece, i.e., from a single piece. This allows the number of parts and thus the cost of the electrical energy storage device to be kept to a particularly low level.

[0039] A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, with at least one electrical energy storage device according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.

[0040] Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a partial schematic exploded view of an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle; Fig. 2 a partial schematic side view of the electrical energy storage device; Fig. 3 a partial schematic and sectional side view of the electrical energy storage device; Fig. 4 shows a partial schematic sectional view of the electrical energy storage device; and Fig. 5 shows a further schematic sectional view of the electrical energy storage device.

[0041] In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0042] Fig. 1 shows a schematic exploded view of an electrical energy storage device 1 for a motor vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, in its fully manufactured and / or functional state, has the electrical energy storage device 1, also simply referred to as a storage device. Electrical energy or electrical current, in particular electrically chemically, can be stored in or by means of the energy storage device 1, so that the electrical energy storage device 1 is preferably a battery, in particular a secondary battery. In particular, the energy storage device 1 is a high-voltage battery, i.e. a high-voltage storage device (HV storage device) whose electrical voltage, in particular electrical operating or nominal voltage, is preferably greater than 50 volts, in particular greater than 60 volts, and very preferably amounts to several hundred volts.The energy storage device 1 has a plurality of storage cells 2 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, are round cells and thus cylindrical on the outer circumference. The previous and following explanations can, of course, also be applied to other storage cells which are not cylindrical on the outer circumference, but rather, for example, prismatic or have a different shape. The electrical energy can be stored, in particular electrochemically, in or by means of the storage cells 2, so that the respective storage cell 2 is preferably designed as a secondary cell. It can be seen that the storage cells 2 are components formed separately from one another and are therefore individual cells. In . Fig. 1 shows, by way of example, exactly one cell row with exactly five storage cells 2, whereby, however, the energy storage device 1 is arbitrarily scalable in length and width.

[0043] The respective memory cell 2 has a respective, in Fig. 1 by a double arrow 3 and thus a longitudinal extension running along the longitudinal extension direction. The respective storage cell 2 has a respective first end face S1 and a respective second end face S2, wherein the end faces S1 and S2 of the respective storage cell 2 face away from one another in the longitudinal extension direction of the respective storage cell 2 and are arranged at respective, in particular free, ends of the respective storage cell 2. The respective end face S1, S2 is also referred to as an end face or is formed by a respective end face of the respective storage cell 2. The respective storage cell 2 has a respective cell housing 4, which has the end faces S1 and S2 or the end faces.

[0044] As seen in conjunction with Fig. 3, the respective cell housing 4 delimits a respective receiving space 5 of the respective storage cell 2, in particular directly. For example, a respective storage device 6 of the respective storage cell 2 is accommodated in the respective receiving space 5, wherein the electrical energy can be stored, in particular electrochemically, by means of the respective storage device 6. Furthermore, it is particularly clear from Fig. 3 that the respective storage cell 2 has a respective line element 7 through which a preferably liquid temperature control medium for temperature control of the respective storage cell 2 can flow and which penetrates the respective receiving space 5 as well as the respective end faces S1 and S2. The respective line element 7 can be a component of the respective cell housing 4. It is conceivable that the respective line element 7 is formed separately from at least one of the end faces S1 and S2, in particular separately from both end faces S1 and S2, and is connected to the at least one end face S1 and S2, in particular to the end faces S1 and S2. The line element 7 is also referred to as a tube and has a channel 8 through which the temperature control medium can flow, which penetrates or passes through the respective receiving space 5 and in particular the respective end faces S1 and S2. As further shown in Fig. 3, it is conceivable that the respective line element 7 and thus the respective channel 8 penetrates or passes through the respective storage device 6, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the respective storage cell 2. Thus, it is particularly provided that the respective line element 7 penetrates or passes through the respective receiving space 5 along the respective longitudinal direction, so that the temperature control medium flows through the respective line element 7 and thus through the respective receiving space 5 on its way through the respective channel 8 and thus through the respective line element 7 in the longitudinal direction of the respective storage cell 2. Fig. 3 illustrates the temperature control medium through which the respective line element 7 can flow, or its flow direction, by a respective arrow 35. It is clear that channels through which the temperature control medium can flow can be closed at at least one or exactly one end of the respective channel in order to realize a guidance or conduction of the temperature control medium, in particular according to the arrows 35.

[0045] For example, the respective storage cell 2 has two electrode connections, also referred to as connection elements or terminals, wherein, for example, a first of the electrode connections has a first electrical polarity and a second of the electrode connections has a second electrical polarity different from the first electrical polarity. The electrode connections are contact regions, which are also referred to as connection regions. The electrical energy store 1 has a contacting device 9, also referred to as a contacting system or cell contacting system, which is electrically contacted or connected to the contact regions, in particular directly, whereby the contacting device 9 is electrically connected to the storage cells 2 via the respective contact regions.As a result, the storage cells 2 are electrically connected to one another via the contacting device 9, i.e. by means of the contacting device 9. For example, the respective first electrode connection forms a respective first electrical pole of the respective storage cell 2. For example, the respective second electrode connection forms a second electrical pole of the respective storage cell 2, wherein the first electrical pole has the first electrical polarity and the second electrical pole has the second electrical polarity, which is opposite to the first electrical polarity. For example, the first electrical pole is a positive electrical pole, so that the first electrode connection is also referred to, for example, as a cathode connection or cathode. For example, the second electrical pole is a negative electrical pole, so that the second electrode connection is also referred to, for example, as an anode connection or anode.Thus, the contacting device 9 is electrically connected, in particular directly, to the electrode terminals. In the case shown in . Fig. 1, for example, both the respective first electrode terminal and the respective second electrode terminal of the respective storage cell 2 are arranged on the same end face S2 of the respective storage cell 2. Thus, for example, the contacting device 9 is electrically connected, in particular directly, to the first electrode terminals as well as to the second electrode terminals on respective end faces S2. For example, the contacting device 9 has at least one first contacting element, which is electrically connected, in particular directly, to the respective first electrode terminals. Furthermore, it is conceivable for the contacting device 9 to have, for example, a second contacting element, which can preferably be galvanically separated from the first contacting element or electrically insulated from the first contacting element.For example, the second contacting element is electrically connected, in particular directly, to the respective second electrode terminals. The storage cells 2 can be connected in series or in parallel via the contacting device 9. The storage cells 2 can provide the electrical energy stored in the storage cells 2 via the electrode terminals. Furthermore, the storage cells 2 can be supplied with electrical energy via their electrode terminals, which can then be stored in the storage cells 2.

[0046] The contacting device 9, also referred to as electrical contacting, is in Fig. 1 shown particularly schematically and by way of example, can also be modified or extended as desired, in particular for a serial or parallel circuit.

[0047] For example, an insulation device 10 is also provided, which can be designed, for example, as an insulation film or insulation coating. The electrically insulating insulation device 10 prevents a short circuit between the respective anode and the respective cathode of the respective storage cell 2, wherein, for example, the contacting device 9 is provided with the electrically insulating insulation device 10, in particular coated. Accordingly, for example, the insulation device 10 can also be modified or expanded as desired, in particular in order to be able to implement a corresponding parallel or series connection of the storage cells 2. It can be seen that the insulation device 10 is arranged on the respective end face S2 and in particular between the respective end face S2 and the contacting device 9.For example, a further insulation device 11 is arranged on or at the respective end face S1. The insulation device 11 is electrically insulating and is designed, for example, as an insulating film. In the case of the device shown in . Fig. 1, a particularly thermally conductive filler plate 12 is also provided, for example, by which the insulation device 11 is arranged between the respective end face S1 and the filler plate 12. The filler plate 12 is used in particular to realize, for example, a symmetrical structure on both the end faces S1 and the end faces S2. Since, for example, no contacting device for electrically connecting the storage cells 2 is used on the end faces S1, the filler plate 12 becomes a replacement, which, particularly viewed in the longitudinal direction of the respective storage cell 2, has the same height or thickness as the contacting device 9 and thus represents a placeholder for the contacting device 9, so to speak.

[0048] The respective storage cell 2, in particular the respective cell housing 4, also has, for example, a venting device 13. The respective venting device 13 has, for example, a respective predetermined failure point, in particular a respective predetermined breaking point, at which, for example, when a pressure prevailing in the receiving space 5 exceeds a particularly predeterminable or predetermined threshold value, it fails and releases an outlet opening of the respective cell housing 4, so that, for example, a gas can then escape from the respective cell housing 4 via the released outlet opening, in particular without the respective storage cell 2 bursting uncontrollably. The respective outlet opening is also simply referred to as an opening or vent hole or vent opening.The orientation of each outlet opening is selected, for example, such that the outflow of hot gas during a thermal event does not melt a temperature control channel. In addition to or instead of the outlet openings, notches can be provided in the cell housing 4, for example, wherein the notches burst when the pressure exceeds the threshold value. These notches are designed, for example, such that a resulting crack after bursting directs the hot gas in a specific direction, thus allowing it to flow away. The threshold value can be specified, for example, by the structural design of the cell housing 4 and, in particular, the venting device 13.

[0049] In order to be able to realize a particularly effective and efficient temperature control, i.e. cooling and / or heating of the storage cells 2 in a particularly cost-effective manner, the electrical energy storage device 1 has a cell holder 14, which is designed separately from the storage cells 2 and also separately from the insulation device 10 and separately from the contacting device 9 and separately from the insulation device 11 and separately from the filling plate 12 and is referred to as a holder, which in the case of Fig. 1 has exactly two holder parts, namely a first holder part 15 and a second holder part 16 which is formed separately from the first holder part 15 and is connected to the first holder part 15, in particular directly. Both the holder part 15 and the holder part 16 are formed in one piece, i.e. from a single piece and thus formed as a monoblock or formed by a monoblock. The respective holder part 15, 16 is formed from a plastic. For example, the respective holder part 15, 16 is produced by injection molding, in particular by plastic injection molding. In principle, it is conceivable for the holder parts 15 and 16 to be identical, i.e. of identical construction, whereby the holder parts 15 and 16 can be produced using the same tool or tools, in particular using the same injection molding tool or tools.This allows the cell holder 14 to be manufactured particularly cost-effectively. The holder parts 15 and 16 are components that are formed separately from one another and are connected to one another, in particular non-destructively or can be removed while being destroyed. When the energy storage device 1 is fully manufactured, the holder parts 15 and 16 are latched and thus clipped together, so that the holder parts 15 and 16 are positively connected to one another. The storage cells 2 are supported, in particular directly, on the cell holder 14 and are held on the cell holder 14, as a result of which relative movements between the storage cells 2 and relative movements between the respective storage cell 2 and the cell holder 14 are at least limited, preferably prevented. In addition, the storage cells 2 are held at a respective distance from one another by means of the cell holder 14, and the storage cells 2 are arranged in a manner made, for example, from Fig. 5 recognizable pattern relative to one another. For example, first of the memory cells 2 are arranged in a first cell row, while second of the memory cells 2 are arranged in a second cell row. This is to be understood in particular that the first memory cells are arranged one after the other along a first straight line, whereby the first memory cells form the first cell row, and the second memory cells are arranged one after the other along a second straight line, whereby the second memory cells form the second cell row. The straight lines run parallel to one another, so that the cell rows are arranged next to one another, in particular along a third straight line or a sequential direction, whereby the third straight line or the sequential direction runs perpendicular to the first straight line and perpendicular to the second straight line. In particular, the memory cells 2 are structurally identical or of identical design.

[0050] As can be seen particularly well from a summary of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the cell holder 14 has domes 17 and 18 formed separately from the storage cells 2 and thus separately from the cell housings 4 and separately from the line elements 7, which, as in Fig. 3 is illustrated by the arrows 35, through which the preferably liquid temperature control medium can flow. The temperature control medium can be introduced into the line elements 7 via the domes 17 and 18 and discharged from the line elements 7, i.e., discharged from the line elements 7 or the channels 8. Fig. 3 it is particularly clearly visible that the first, upper holder part 15 has the domes 17, wherein the lower, second holder part 16 has the domes 18. In this case, the respective dome 17, 18 is sealed against the respective line element 7, in particular in the respective channel 8, by means of a respective sealing element 19 which is formed separately from the respective line element 7 and separately from the respective dome 17, 18 and which, in the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, is made of rubber and is designed as a sealing ring, in particular as an O-ring. Since at least or exactly two domes 17 and 18 are provided for each line element 7, at least or exactly two sealing elements 19 are provided for each line element 7, by means of which the respective two domes 17 and 18 belonging to the respective line element 7 are sealed against the respective, associated line element 7.In this case, for example, the respective sealing element 19 is arranged in a respective corresponding indentation 20 of the respective cell housing 4, whereby relative movements between the respective sealing element 19 and the respective cell housing 4 and thus relative movements between the respective sealing element 19 and the respective dome 17, 18 are at least limited, in particular prevented. In this case, respective components of the respective storage cell 2, which are formed separately from the respective cell housing 4 and arranged in the respective receiving space 5, are fixed to the respective cell housing 4 of the respective storage cell 2 and to one another by at least one of the respective indentations 20 of the respective cell housing 4. A first of the respective components can, for example, be a respective contact element.Alternatively or additionally, a respective second of the respective components can be an electrical heating element, by means of which, for example, the respective storage cell 2 can be electrically heated. In particular, the electrical heating element can be a PTC element, for example.

[0051] The domes 17 are supply domes which are inserted into the line elements 7 from a first side of the storage cells 2. The end faces S1 are arranged on the first side or face the first side. In this case, the domes 17 penetrate the end faces S1. The domes 18 are discharge domes which are inserted into the line elements 7 from a second side facing away from the first side and opposite the first side along the spacing direction. The sides, such as the end faces S1 and S2, lie opposite one another along the respective longitudinal direction. The end faces S2 are arranged on the second side or face the second side. The temperature control medium can be introduced into the line elements 7 and thus into the channels 8 via the supply domes. The temperature control medium can be discharged, i.e. led out, from the line elements 7 and thus from the channels 8 via the discharge domes.Since the supply domes are components of the holder part 15, which is formed as a single piece, the supply domes are formed as a single piece with one another, thus being formed from a single piece. The holder part 15 has a supply line element 21, which is common to the supply domes and formed as a single piece with the supply domes and through which the temperature control medium can flow, so that the supply domes and the supply line element 21 are formed from a single piece. The supply domes can be supplied with the temperature control medium via the supply line element 21. The configuration provided in the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, whereby the domes 17 are the supply domes and the domes 18 are the discharge domes, could of course also be the other way around, so that, for example, the domes 17 could be the discharge domes and the domes 18 could be the supply domes.

[0052] Since the discharge domes are part of the second holder part 16, which is formed in one piece, the discharge domes are formed in one piece with each other, thus formed from a single piece. The second holder part 16 has a discharge line element 22 which is common to the discharge domes and formed in one piece with the discharge domes and through which the temperature control medium can flow, into which the temperature control medium can be introduced from the discharge domes, so that the temperature control medium can be discharged from the discharge domes via the discharge line element 22. This means that the discharge domes and the discharge line element 22 are formed from a single piece. Furthermore, it can be seen that, while the holder part 15 is arranged on the first side, the second holder part 16 is arranged on the second side. Particularly well Fig. 1 it can be seen that the first holder part 16 has a first cover element 23, from which the supply domes and first column parts 25 of the first holder part 15 protrude in a first direction pointing from the first side and from the first cover element 23 towards the second side, illustrated by an arrow 24. The second holder part 16 has a second cover element 26 arranged on the second side, from which the discharge domes and second column parts 28 of the second holder part 16 protrude in a second direction pointing from the second side and from the second cover element 26 towards the first side, opposite the first direction and illustrated by an arrow 27.Thus, the domes 17, the supply line element 21, the cover element 23 and the column parts 25 are formed integrally with one another, thus made from a single piece and in this case by the integrally formed, thus made from a single piece, first holder part 15. Furthermore, the domes 18, the discharge line element 22, the cover element 26 and the column parts 28 are formed integrally with one another, thus made from a single piece and are formed by the integrally formed, thus made from a single piece, second holder part 16. One of the column parts 25 and one of the column parts 28 each form, as can be seen from . Fig. 2, a respective column part pair 29, the respective second column part 28 of which adjoins the respective first column part 25 of the respective column part pair 29 in the first direction (arrow 24). The respective column parts 25 and 28 of the respective column part pair 29 are connected to one another. In the present case, the column parts 25 and 28 of the respective column part pair 29 are locked together. The storage cells 2 are supported at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the second cover element 26 in the first direction (arrow 24), and the storage cells 2 are supported at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the first cover element 23 in the second direction (arrow 27).

[0053] Respective column part pairs 29 are assigned to the respective storage cell 2. The respective column part pairs 29 assigned to the respective storage cell 2 are arranged successively and spaced apart from one another and preferably evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the respective storage cell 2, which runs around the longitudinal extension direction of the respective storage cell 2, to which the respective column part pairs 29 are assigned, so that the respective storage cell 2 is surrounded in the circumferential direction of the respective storage cell 2 by the column part pairs 29 belonging to the respective storage cell 2.

[0054] The respective column part 25 has a respective connecting element 30, and the respective column part 28 has a respective connecting element 31. The connecting elements 30 and 31 of the column parts 25 and 28 of the respective column part pair 29 are locked together in this case, thus positively connected to each other, whereby the column parts 25 and 28 of the respective column part pair 29 are locked together. Fig. 4 shows that the respective domes 17 and 18 are inserted into the respective channel 8 and thus into the respective line element 7. In addition, Fig. 5 that, for example, the respective column part 25, 28 is adapted to an outer peripheral shape of the respective cell housing 4 and in the present case is designed, for example, concave, so that the cell housing 4, in particular a respective outer peripheral surface 33 of the respective cell housing 4, advantageously and in particular flatly rests against the respective column part 25, 28. In Fig. In Figure 5, the respective circumferential direction of the respective storage cell 2, extending around the respective longitudinal direction of the respective storage cell 2, is illustrated by a double arrow 34. The supply line element 21 is, for example, open at one end, in particular at its first end, and closed at the other end, in particular at its other end, so that, for example, the temperature control medium can be introduced into the supply line element 21 via one end.

[0055] Furthermore, this can prevent the temperature control medium from undesirably flowing out of the supply line element 21 at the other end. Accordingly, it can be provided that the discharge line element 22 is open at one end, in particular at its one end, and closed at the other end, in particular at the other end. Thus, for example, it is possible for the temperature control medium to be discharged from the discharge line element 22 at one end or via one end of the discharge line element 22, while it can be prevented that the temperature control medium flows out of the discharge line element 22 at the other end or via the other end of the discharge line element 22. The supply line element 21 or the discharge line element 22 can, for example, be closed, in particular at its respective other end, by a closure element such as a plug.The closure element is sealed, for example, by means of a sealing element against the supply line element 21 or against the discharge line element 22.

[0056] Because the holder parts 15 and 16 form the domes 17 and 18, and because the holder parts 15 and 16 are connected to one another, in particular locked together, via the column parts 25 and 28, it can be prevented that the domes 17 and 18 are pressed out of the line elements 7 by a corresponding pressure of the temperature control medium. This allows for effective and efficient temperature control of the storage cells 2 in a particularly cost-effective manner. In particular, the number of parts and thus the cost of the electrical energy storage device 1 can be kept to a particularly low level.In particular, it is provided that the supply line element 21, in particular its channel through which the temperature control medium flows, is closed, in particular blocked, welded, preferably by laser welding, and / or closed by forming, in particular at exactly one of its ends in order to realize a corresponding guidance of the temperature control medium, in particular according to the arrows 35. Furthermore, it is provided, for example, that the discharge line element 22, in particular its channel through which the temperature control medium flows, is closed, in particular blocked, welded, preferably by laser welding, and / or closed by forming, in particular at exactly one of its ends in order to realize a corresponding guidance of the temperature control medium, in particular according to the arrows 35. List of reference symbols 1 electrical energy storage unit 2 memory cells 3 double arrow 4 cell housings 5 Recording room 6 Storage device 7 Line element 8 channel 9 Contacting device 10 Isolation device 11 Isolation device 12 Filling plate 13 Ventilation device 14 cell holders 15 first holder part 16 second holder part 17 Cathedral 18 Cathedral 19 Sealing element 20 indentation 21 Supply line element 22 Discharge line element 23 Cover element 24 Arrow, direction 25 Column part 26 Cover element 27 Arrow, direction 28 Column part 29 Pair of column parts 30 connecting element 31 connecting element 33 outer circumferential surface 34 Double arrow 35 Arrow S1 first front side S2 second front side

Claims

[1] Electrical energy storage device (1) for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, comprising a plurality of storage cells (2) designed to store the electrical energy, each of which has a cell housing (4) defining a receiving space (5) and a line element (7) through which a temperature control medium can flow and which penetrates the receiving space (5), characterized by in that the storage cells (2) are held on a cell holder (14) which is formed separately from the storage cells (2) and at least limits relative movements between the storage cells (2), which cell holder has domes (17, 18) through which the temperature control medium can flow and which are inserted into the line elements (7), via which domes the temperature control medium can be introduced into the line elements (7) and / or discharged from the line elements (7). [2] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 1, characterized bythat the respective dome (17, 28) is sealed against the respective line element (7) into which the respective dome (17, 18) is inserted, by means of a respective sealing element (19) formed separately from the respective line element (7) and separately from the respective dome (17, 18). [3] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 2, characterized by that at least the first of the sealing elements (19) are arranged in corresponding recesses (20) of the respective cell housings (4). [4] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 3, characterized by that at least one respective component of the respective storage cell (2), which is formed separately from the respective cell housing (4) and arranged in the respective receiving space (5), is fixed to the respective cell housing (4) by the respective indentation (20). [5] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 4, characterized bythat the respective component comprises a respective contact element and / or a respective electrical heating element. [6] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that: - the first of the domes (17, 18) are designed as supply domes inserted into the line elements (7) from a first side, via which the temperature control medium can be introduced into the line elements (7), and - second of the domes (17, 18) are designed as discharge domes inserted into the line elements (7) from a second side opposite the first side, via which the temperature control medium can be discharged from the line elements (7). [7] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 6, characterized by that the feed domes are formed integrally with each other. [8] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 7, characterized bya supply line element (21) which is common to the supply domes and formed in one piece with the supply domes and through which the temperature control medium can flow, via which the supply domes can be supplied with the temperature control medium. [9] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by that the discharge domes are formed as one piece. [10] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 9, characterized by a discharge line element (22) which is common to the discharge domes and formed in one piece with the discharge domes and through which the temperature control medium can flow, into which the temperature control medium can be introduced from the discharge domes, so that the temperature control medium can be discharged from the discharge domes via the discharge line element (22). [11] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized by , that: - the cell holder (14) has a first holder part (15) having the feed domes and arranged on the first side, - the cell holder (14) has a second holder part (16) having the discharge domes and arranged on the second side, and - the holder parts (15, 16) are formed separately from one another and connected to one another. [12] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 11, characterized by , that: - the first holder part (15) has a first cover element (23) arranged on the first side, from which the feed domes and first column parts (25) of the first holder part (15) protrude in a first direction (24) pointing from the first side and from the first cover element (23) to the second side, - the second holder part (16) has a second cover element (26) arranged on the second side, from which the discharge domes and second column parts (28) of the second holder part (16) protrude in a second direction (27) pointing from the second side and from the second cover element (26) to the first side, opposite to the first direction (24), - a respective one of the first column parts (25) and a respective one of the second column parts (28) form a respective column part pair (29), the respective second column part (28) of which adjoins the respective first column part (25) of the respective column part pair (29) in the first direction (24), and - the respective column parts (25, 28) of the respective column part pair (29) are connected to one another. [13] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 12, characterized by that the respective column parts (25, 28) of the respective column part pair (29) are locked together. [14] Electrical energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized by that the respective holder part (15, 16) is formed in one piece. [15] Motor vehicle, with at least one electrical energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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