Battery arrangement

Abstract

A battery arrangement (20) comprises a control device (70), a star point (50; 50.1, 50.2), battery arrangement terminals (21, 22, 23), module arrangements (30; 30; 71, 72, 73) and batteries (61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66), wherein one of the module arrangements (30; 71, 72, 73) with a plurality of individual modules (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36) is provided between the star point (50; 50.1, 50.2) and the battery arrangement terminals (21, 22, 23), each of which individual modules (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36) each contain a DC battery (321) and a circuit arrangement (319). include which control device (70) is designed to control the circuit arrangements (319) with circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) different configurations (30.1 - 30.6) of the individual modules (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36) between the star point (50; 50.1, 50.2) and the respective battery arrangement connection (21, 22, 23) to enable the provision of an output voltage (U_A) resulting from the respective configuration (30.1 - 30.6) at the module arrangements (30; 71, 72, 73), and which battery arrangement (20) is configured to generate an output voltage (U_A) at the module arrangements (30; 71, 72, 73) in at least one part of the configurations (30.1 - 30.6) which output voltage (U_A) is greater than 5 kV in magnitude.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a battery arrangement.

[0002] DE 10 2021 113 094 A1 shows an AC technology for connecting DC batteries in a vehicle.

[0003] DE 10 2020 120 870 A1 shows a device with DC batteries and an inverter.

[0004] DE 10 2020 211 748 A1 shows a device with DC batteries and a power converter.

[0005] DE 10 2018 111 518 A1 shows a DC-DC converter and DC batteries with AC technology.

[0006] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a new battery arrangement.

[0007] This problem is solved by the subject matter of claim 1.

[0008] A battery arrangement comprises a control device, battery arrangement terminals, module arrangements and batteries, which module arrangements are connected between the battery arrangement terminals in a star connection or in a delta connection, which module arrangements each comprise a first connection, a second connection and a plurality of individual modules, which individual modules each comprise a DC battery and a circuit arrangement, which control device is designed to enable different configurations of the individual modules between the first connection and the second connection by controlling the circuit arrangements with circuit arrangement specification signals, which different configurations differ at least partially from one another - the number of individual modules connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal, - in the number of individual modules connected in parallel, and - in the connection direction of the DC batteries between the first terminal and the second terminal, in order to provide an output voltage resulting from the respective configuration to the module arrangements.

[0009] Because the module arrangements can generate an alternating voltage on the one hand and utilize a plurality of complete DC batteries on the other, a comparatively high voltage can be achieved. This enables the battery arrangement to be operated directly from a grid with a comparatively high voltage. This allows older traction batteries, in particular, to continue to be used as energy storage devices even if their capacity is too low for use in a vehicle. The use of the module arrangements enables a comparatively small differential voltage to the grid voltage, resulting in lower maximum currents than with batteries with a fixed voltage.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the DC batteries each have a nominal voltage of at least 40 V, preferably a nominal voltage of at least 50 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 100 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 200 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 400 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 600 V, and more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 800 V. By using DC batteries with a high nominal voltage, high total voltages of the module arrangements can be achieved. The number of individual modules and thus the wiring effort can be kept comparatively low.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the battery assembly has at least three battery assembly terminals. The battery assembly can thus be connected directly to a three-phase power supply.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is configured to generate the circuit configuration specification signals in such a way that a harmonic oscillation of the output voltage generated by the respective module configuration is created. This enables advantageous adaptation of the voltage curve to a mains voltage, so that the currents do not become excessive due to the residual voltage difference.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is configured to generate the circuit configuration specification signals in such a way that a harmonic oscillation of the current generated by the respective module configuration occurs. The power factor can thereby be improved.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is configured to generate the circuit configuration specification signals as periodic signals with a predetermined period. This is advantageous, for example, when connected to a power grid in which the voltage has a predetermined period.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is configured to generate the circuit configuration specification signals such that the output voltages at the module configurations at least partially exhibit a first phase difference relative to one another. This allows the battery configuration to be connected to a network in which a phase difference is provided between the individual outer conductors.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the first phase difference is 120°. This is advantageous for three-phase systems with a phase shift of 120° between the outer conductors.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device comprises a phase detection device, and the battery arrangement is configured to enable a connection to a multi-phase network with outer conductors via the battery arrangement terminals, wherein the outer conductors are each assigned to one of the battery arrangement terminals in order to transfer electrical energy from the network to the battery arrangement or vice versa. This phase detection device is configured to generate a phase detection signal characterizing the phases of the outer conductors connected to the battery arrangement terminals, and the control device is configured to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals depending on the phase detection signal. The battery arrangement can thus be electrically adapted to the network.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is configured to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals with a circuit arrangement specification signal period that corresponds to a phase detection signal period of the phase detection signal. The battery arrangement can thereby be synchronized with the outer conductors.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is designed to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals in such a way that the temporal voltage profile generated by the respective circuit arrangement specification signal between the first terminal and the second terminal has a predetermined second phase difference to the voltage profile of the voltage - between the assigned outer conductor and a star point in the case of a star connection, or - between the two associated outer conductors in the case of a delta connection. This allows the battery arrangement to be operated capacitively, inductively, or without phase shift relative to the grid.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is configured to variably specify the second phase difference depending on a phase difference specification signal. This enables an improvement in the power quality.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is configured to influence the circuit arrangement specification signals as a function of an energy transfer signal in such a way that energy is transferred from the battery arrangement to the mains or vice versa.

[0022] Depending on the energy transfer signal, the battery arrangement can be charged or discharged.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, the DC batteries are designed as traction batteries. This allows for advantageous continued use of traction batteries.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, the battery arrangement is configured to generate an output voltage at the module arrangements in at least some of the configurations, which output voltage is greater than 1.5 kV in magnitude, preferably greater than 5 kV in magnitude, more preferably greater than 8 kV in magnitude, more preferably greater than 10 kV in magnitude, more preferably greater than 15 kV in magnitude, and more preferably greater than 20 kV in magnitude.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, the battery assembly is stationary. The battery assembly can thus be used, for example, as an energy storage device for buildings. The battery assembly can be located inside a building or outdoors.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment, the module arrangements have at least five individual modules, more preferably at least eight individual modules.

[0027] Further details and advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the exemplary embodiments described below and illustrated in the drawings, which are in no way to be understood as limiting the invention, as well as from the dependent claims. It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the respective combinations specified, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention. It shows: Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an individual module of a module arrangement, Fig. 2 in schematic representation a module arrangement with individual modules according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 schematic representation of different configurations of the battery of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a battery arrangement connected to a network, Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of an individual module of the module arrangement of Fig. 2, Fig. 6 diagrams with voltages on the module arrangement, and Fig. 7 a diagram with a phase detection signal and a voltage curve on a module arrangement.

[0028] In the following, identical or functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference symbols and are usually described only once. The description builds on each figure to avoid unnecessary repetition.

[0029] Fig. Figure 1 shows an individual module 31 of a module arrangement. The individual module 31 includes a DC battery 321 and a circuit arrangement 319.

[0030] The single module 31 has a connection 301, a connection 302, a connection 303 and a connection 304.

[0031] The circuit arrangement 319 has semiconductor switches 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318.

[0032] The terminal 301 is connected to a line 305 via the semiconductor switch 311 and to a line 306 via the semiconductor switch 312.

[0033] The terminal 302 is connected to the line 305 via the semiconductor switch 313 and to the line 306 via the semiconductor switch 314.

[0034] The DC battery 321 is connected to the conductor 305 and to the conductor 306.

[0035] Terminal 303 is connected to line 305 via semiconductor switch 315 and to line 306 via semiconductor switch 316. Terminal 304 is connected to line 305 via semiconductor switch 317 and to line 306 via semiconductor switch 318.

[0036] By appropriately controlling the circuit arrangement 319, different configurations can be generated when several interconnected individual modules 31 are provided.

[0037] A capacitive energy storage device (not shown) can preferably be connected in parallel to the DC battery 321.

[0038] DC batteries 321 (English: DC = direct current) supply a direct current and a direct voltage.

[0039] The DC batteries 321 are preferably designed as traction batteries, which are primarily intended to supply electrical energy to the electric motors that provide propulsion in electric vehicles. However, they can also be used for the individual module 31 in a secondary capacity.

[0040] The DC batteries 321 in the individual modules 321 preferably each have a nominal voltage of at least 100 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 200 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 400 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 600 V, and more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 800 V. The individual modules must be designed to be voltage-safe. In particular, the circuit arrangement 319 with the semiconductor switches must be designed for the nominal voltage level.

[0041] Fig. 2 shows a module arrangement 30 and a control device 70.

[0042] The module arrangement 30 has a first connection 37, a second connection 38 and, for example, three interconnected individual modules 31, 32, 33 according to Fig. 1.

[0043] The control device 70 is designed to control the circuit arrangements 319 of Fig. 1 with circuit arrangement specification signals S61, S62, S63 to enable different configurations of the individual modules 31, 32, 33 between the terminals 37, 38.

[0044] The connection 37 is connected to the connections 301 and 302 (see Fig. 1) of the individual module 31, and the terminal 38 is connected to the terminals 303, 304 (cf. Fig. 1) of the individual module 33. Alternatively, the connections 37, 38 can also be designed as separate connections, in which the connections 301, 302 of the individual module 31 and the connections 303, 304 of the individual module 33 are not permanently connected to each other.

[0045] If, for example, all three individual modules 31, 32, 33 are connected in parallel, the voltage U_A between terminal 37 and terminal 38 corresponds approximately to the voltage of one of the individual modules 31, 32, 33.

[0046] For a parallel connection of the individual modules 31, 32, for example, the semiconductor switches 315 and 318 of the individual module 31 and the semiconductor switches 311 and 314 of the individual module 32 are switched on.

[0047] If, however, all three individual modules 31, 32, 33 are connected in series, the voltage U_A corresponds approximately to three times the voltage of one of the individual modules 31, 32, 33, assuming equal module voltages.

[0048] A series connection of all individual modules 31, 32, 33 can be achieved, for example, by switching the semiconductor switches 312, 314, 315 and 317 on in each of the individual modules 31, 32, 33.

[0049] For a series connection with reversed polarity at terminals 37 and 38, for example, the semiconductor switches 311, 313, 316 and 318 can be switched on in each of the individual modules 31, 32, 33.

[0050] An individual module can be removed from the current path by interconnecting the terminals 37, 38, for example by switching the semiconductor switches 314 and 318 on in the individual module 31 and connecting the individual modules 31, 32 in series or parallel.

[0051] By changing the configuration of the individual modules 31, 32, 33 between the terminals 37, 38, the resulting output voltage U_A can be influenced.

[0052] The circuit arrangement 319 thus enables different configurations between several individual modules 31, 32, 33.

[0053] The present circuit arrangement 319 allows for a great deal of flexibility in interconnecting adjacent individual modules 31. If a smaller number of configurations is sufficient, the circuit arrangement 319 can also be designed more simply. For example, the individual module 31 can also have only a half-bridge or a full bridge. Alternatively, additional semiconductor switches can be provided that enable interconnection with more than two adjacent individual modules. Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the individual modules.

[0054] The control device 70 is connected to a line 602, and a control device specification signal 603 is supplied to the control device 70 via the line 602. The control device 70 is designed to set one of the different configurations depending on the control device specification signal 603.

[0055] The exemplary embodiment shows a dedicated structure of the control device 70. The control system can also be divided in a different way, and the individual modules 31, 32, 33 or the module arrangement 30 can, for example, take over parts of this control system.

[0056] The module arrangement 30 preferably has at least five individual modules 31, 32, 33, more preferably at least eight. This allows a suitable voltage curve to be generated across the module arrangement 30, for example, to generate an approximately sinusoidal output voltage.

[0057] An additional influence on the output voltage U_A is possible by a clocked control of the semiconductor switches 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318.

[0058] Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the functioning of the module arrangement 30. In the exemplary embodiment, the module arrangement 30 has six individual modules 31 to 36. By appropriately controlling the individual modules 31 to 36, different configurations 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4, 30.5, 30.6 are possible, i.e. the individual modules can be dynamically interconnected in many different interconnection states by means of the interconnection arrangements 319.

[0059] In the first configuration 30.1, all six individual modules 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 are connected in parallel, resulting in a low output voltage U_A.

[0060] To the right of this, in the second configuration 30.2, three of the six individual modules are connected in parallel, resulting in a higher output voltage than in configuration 30.1, since two individual modules are connected in series between the terminals of the module arrangement 30, thus resulting in an output voltage U_A that is approximately twice as high as in configuration 30.1.

[0061] To the right of this, in the third configuration 30.3, two individual modules are connected in parallel, resulting in approximately three times the output voltage compared to configuration 30.1 with all individual modules connected in parallel.

[0062] In the fourth configuration 30.4, four individual modules are connected in series, and two of the four individual modules each have another individual module connected in parallel.

[0063] In the fifth configuration 30.5, five individual modules are connected in series, and the sixth individual module is connected in parallel to one of the five individual modules.

[0064] In the sixth configuration 30.6, all six individual modules are connected in series, resulting in the highest output voltage.

[0065] In the same way, the six individual modules can be connected in reverse direction between terminals 37, 38 to generate a negative or opposite output voltage of different magnitudes.

[0066] Such alternating current module arrangements 30 are thus suitable for generating an alternating current (AC) and transmitting electrical energy to a consumer or a network, or in the opposite direction for transmitting electrical energy from an alternating voltage network to the module arrangement 30.

[0067] In summary, the different configurations differ at least partially from each other - in the number of individual modules 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 connected in series between terminal 37 and terminal 38, - in the number of individual modules connected in parallel 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, and - in the connection direction of the DC batteries 321 between the terminal 37 and the terminal 38. As a result, an output voltage U_A resulting from the respective configuration is provided between the terminal 37 and the terminal 38 and operation of the module arrangement 30 as an AC voltage source is enabled.

[0068] Fig. 4 shows a battery arrangement 20 which is connected to a network 10.

[0069] The network 10 is shown schematically. It has a star point 14 and three AC voltage sources 11, 12, 13 connected to the star point 14. The AC voltage sources 11, 12, 13 are designed, for example, as generators or transformer windings. The AC voltage source 11 provides an outer conductor L1, the AC voltage source 12 provides an outer conductor L2, and the AC voltage source 13 provides an outer conductor L3.

[0070] The star point 14 is connected to a functional earthing system via a line 15. A PEN conductor, if provided, is also connected to the star point 14, but is not shown in the schematic diagram.

[0071] The illustrated network 10 is, for example, a TN-CS system (French: terre neutre combiné séparé). Other networks 10 are also possible, for example, the TN-S system (French: terre neutre séparé), the TN-C system (French: terre neutre combiné), or the IT system (French: isolé terre). These are preferably three-phase alternating current networks.

[0072] The battery assembly 20 is connected to the outer conductor L1 via a battery assembly connection 21, to the outer conductor L2 via a battery assembly connection 22 and to the outer conductor L3 via a battery assembly connection 23.

[0073] The battery arrangement 20 comprises the control device 70, a star point 50, the battery arrangement terminals 21, 22, 23, module arrangements 71, 72, 73 and batteries 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 (cf. Fig. 3). In addition, an inductance is provided between the battery assembly terminals 21, 22, 23 and the associated module assemblies 71, 72, 73.

[0074] In the exemplary embodiment, the star point 50 is divided into two star points 50.1 and 50.2, but it can also be designed as a common star point 50.

[0075] Between the star point 50.1, 50.2 and the battery arrangement terminals 21, 22, 23, one of the module arrangements 71, 72, 73 with a plurality of individual modules 31A to 36A, 31B to 36B and 31C to 36C is provided.

[0076] The control device 70 is designed to enable the different configurations 30.1 - 30.6 etc. of the individual modules 31A to 36A, 31B to 36B and 31C to 36C between the star point 50.1, 50.2 and the respective battery arrangement connection 21, 22, 23 by controlling the circuit arrangements 319 with the circuit arrangement specification signals S61, S62, S63.

[0077] The battery arrangement 20 is preferably configured to generate an output voltage U_A at the module arrangements 71, 72, 73 in at least some of the configurations 30.1 - 30.6, which output voltage U_A is greater than 5 kV in magnitude.

[0078] A measuring device 91 is provided at the phase connection 21, a measuring device 92 at the phase connection 22, a measuring device 93 at the phase connection 23. Preferably, a measuring device 94 is provided at the star point 50.1 and a measuring device 95 at the star point 50.2.

[0079] The measuring devices 91, 92, 93, 94, 95 are preferably configured to measure a voltage at the respective measuring point and preferably also to measure a current at the respective measuring point. For example, the potential at a neutral conductor or the potential at another battery assembly terminal 21, 22, 23 can be used as a reference potential for the voltage measurement. The measurement signals (voltage measurement signals and current measurement signals) of the measuring devices 91, 92, 93, 94, 95 are fed to the control device 70.

[0080] The line 602 is connected to the control device 70, and via the line 602, for example, a phase difference specification signal 78 and an energy transfer signal 77 can be supplied to the control device 70.

[0081] Preferably, the control device 70 is configured to influence the battery arrangement 20 as a function of the energy transfer signal 77 in such a way that energy is transferred from the battery arrangement 20 to the network 10 or vice versa.

[0082] Preferably, the battery assembly 20 has at least three battery assembly terminals 21, 22, 23.

[0083] The control device 70 has a phase detection device 81. The battery arrangement 20 is configured to enable a connection to the multi-phase network 10 with outer conductors L1, L2, L3 via the battery arrangement terminals 21, 22, 23, wherein the outer conductors L1, L2, L3 are each assigned to one of the battery arrangement terminals 21, 22, 23 in order to transfer electrical energy from the network to the battery arrangement 20 or vice versa. The phase detection device 81 is configured to generate a phase detection signal S82 characterizing the phases of the outer conductors L1, L2, L3 connected to the battery arrangement terminals 21, 22, 23, and the control device 70 is configured to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals S61, S62, S63 (cf. Fig. 2) depending on the phase detection signal S82. An advantage of using the module arrangements 71, 72, 73 with the reconfigurable individual modules is that comparatively low differential voltages can be achieved between the grid and the module arrangements 71, 72, 73. This results in lower currents than with a battery with a fixed voltage, and the inductances can be comparatively small.

[0084] The direction of energy transfer depends on whether the voltage of the battery arrangement 20 is greater or less than the voltage of the grid 10. Furthermore, the energy transfer depends on the phase position of the voltage of the battery arrangement 20.

[0085] The battery arrangement 20 is preferably designed to be able to be used in at least some of the possible configurations (cf. e.g. configurations 30.1 - 30.6 of Fig. 4) to generate an output voltage U_A at the module arrangements 71, 72, 73, which output voltage U_A is greater than 8 kV in magnitude, preferably greater than 10 kV in magnitude, more preferably greater than 15 kV in magnitude and more preferably greater than 20 kV in magnitude.

[0086] This enables the battery assembly 20 to be connected to networks 10 with comparatively high voltage, for example, medium-voltage networks. Additional DC / DC converters or AC / DC converters are not required. In electrical power engineering, medium voltage is often understood to mean a high voltage in the range above 1 kV up to and including 52 kV. The upper limit is not clearly defined. The term "medium voltage" is not standardized, and its limits are not precisely defined. Therefore, absolute voltage specifications are listed.

[0087] The maximum output voltages are preferably below 60 kV, preferably below 55 kV, and more preferably below 50 kV. The battery assembly 20 must be designed accordingly.

[0088] Fig. 5 shows an example of a further embodiment of the individual module 31. This individual module is, in contrast to the largely symmetrical individual module of Fig. 1 asymmetrically constructed. The circuit arrangement 319 contains, in principle, the same functional semiconductor switches as in Fig. 1. The connection of the individual modules 31 is made via terminals 331, 332, 333, 334, which correspond to the lines 305, 306 of Fig. 1 correspond.

[0089] In this embodiment, each individual module 31 controls the logical state of a connection with a neighboring individual module 31, while in the embodiment of Fig. 1 two adjacent individual modules 31 are responsible for the logical state of the connection.

[0090] The individual module 31 of Fig. 5 requires either an additional circuit at one of the ends of the respective module arrangement at the terminals 331, 332, or the number of possible configurations is less than in the embodiment of Fig. 1.

[0091] This embodiment shows that different designs of the individual modules 31 are possible.

[0092] Fig. Figure 6 schematically shows the voltage of the outer conductors L1, L2, and L3 in the upper three curves. Below are the voltage U_A_71 at the module arrangement 71, the voltage U_A_72 at the module arrangement 72, and the voltage U_A_73 at the module arrangement 73. The voltages U_A_71, U_A_72, and U_A_73 can be more or less stepped depending on the number of individual modules per module arrangement 71. The individual modules are controlled accordingly by the control device 70 to generate the corresponding voltages U_A_71, U_A_72, and U_A_73.

[0093] On the left, the angular range of a phase from 0° to 360° is shown. The voltages of the phase conductors L1, L2, and L3 each have a phase difference of 120°.

[0094] The control device 70 is preferably configured to transmit the battery specification signals S61 etc. (cf. Fig. 2) as periodic signals with a specified period T, thus generating the periodic voltages U_A_71, U_A_72, U_A_73. The periodicity can also be a periodic change in the duty cycle.

[0095] The control device 70 is preferably configured to generate the battery specification signals S61, S62, S63, etc., such that a harmonic oscillation of the voltage generated by the respective module arrangement 71, 72, 73 occurs. This facilitates an advantageous direct connection of the battery arrangement to a three-phase network 10 with voltages that also exist as harmonic oscillations.

[0096] Alternatively, the control device 70 is preferably configured to generate the battery specification signals S61, S62, S63, etc., such that a harmonic oscillation of the current generated by the respective module arrangement 71, 72, 73 occurs. The power factor of the battery arrangement is thereby increased.

[0097] Fig. 7 shows the phase detection signal S82 for the phase connection 21. In the exemplary embodiment, the shape of the phase detection signal S82 corresponds to the voltage at the phase connection 21. The control device 70 is configured to generate the battery specification signals S61, S62, etc. for the module arrangements 71, 72, 73 as a function of the phase detection signal S82.

[0098] The battery specification signal period T is preferably generated by the control device 70 such that the battery specification signal period corresponds to the period of the phase detection signal S82.

[0099] The control device 70 is configured to generate the battery specification signals S61, S62, etc., such that the temporal voltage profile U_A_71, etc., generated by the respective battery specification signal at the respective module arrangement 71, 72, 73 has a predetermined first phase difference 180 relative to the voltage profile of the associated outer conductor L1, L2, L3. This allows the phase difference to be specified in order to operate the battery arrangement 20 as an inductive load or source, as a capacitive load or source, or as a load or source without a phase difference. This can be advantageous, particularly with large battery arrangements 20, in order to improve grid quality.

[0100] The battery arrangement 20 enables reuse or second life of traction batteries whose voltage is not high enough for a grid, whereby no transformer / converter is required.

[0101] Preferably, the control device 70 is configured to determine the phase difference 180 as a function of the phase difference specification signal 78 from Fig. 1. This allows for improved power quality by adjusting the inductive or capacitive load.

[0102] Naturally, various variations and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.

[0103] In the description, signal transmission occurs via cables at various points. Alternatively or additionally, it can be wireless.

[0104] Preferably, the battery arrangement is provided in a stationary manner.

[0105] The module arrangements 71, 72, 73 can also be connected in a delta connection, in which the corner points of the delta connection are each connected - if necessary with further elements such as inductors - to one of the battery arrangement terminals. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2021 113 094 A1

[0002] DE 10 2020 120 870 A1

[0003] DE 10 2020 211 748 A1

[0004] DE 10 2018 111 518 A1

[0005]

Claims

[1] Battery assembly (20) comprising a control device (70), battery assembly terminals (21, 22, 23), module assemblies (30; 30; 71, 72, 73) and batteries (61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66), which module arrangements (30; 30; 71, 72, 73) are connected between the battery arrangement terminals (21, 22, 23) in a star connection or in a delta connection, which module arrangements (30; 30; 71, 72, 73) each have a first connection (37), a second connection (38) and a plurality of individual modules (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36), which individual modules (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36) each comprise a DC battery (321) and a circuit arrangement (319), which control device (70) is designed to enable different configurations (30.1 - 30.6) of the individual modules (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36) between the first connection (37) and the second connection (38) by controlling the circuit arrangements (319) with circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66), which different configurations (30.1 - 30.6) differ at least partially from one another - in the number of individual modules (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36) connected in series between the first terminal (37) and the second terminal (38), - in the number of individual modules connected in parallel (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36), and - in the connection direction of the DC batteries (321) between the first terminal (37) and the second terminal (38), in order to thereby provide an output voltage (U_A) resulting from the respective configuration (30.1 - 30.6) to the module arrangements (30; 71, 72, 73). [2] Battery arrangement (20) according to claim 1, wherein the DC batteries (321) each have a nominal voltage of at least 40 V, preferably a nominal voltage of at least 50 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 100 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 200 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 400 V, more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 600 V and more preferably a nominal voltage of at least 800 V. [3] Battery assembly (20) according to claim 1 or 2, which has at least three battery assembly terminals (21, 22, 23). [4] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the control device (70) is designed to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) in such a way that a harmonic oscillation of the output voltage (U_A) generated by the respective module arrangement (30; 71, 72, 73) is produced. [5] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the control device (70) is arranged to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) in such a way that a harmonic oscillation of the current generated by the respective module arrangement (30; 71, 72, 73) is produced. [6] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the control device (70) is arranged to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) as periodic signals with a predetermined period duration. [7] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the control device (70) is designed to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) such that the output voltages (U_A) at the module arrangements (30; 71, 72, 73) at least partially have a first phase difference relative to one another. [8] Battery arrangement (20) according to claim 7, wherein the first phase difference is 120° in magnitude. [9] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the control device (70) has a phase detection device (81), and which battery arrangement (20) is designed to enable a connection to a multi-phase network (10) with outer conductors (L1, L2, L3) via the battery arrangement terminals (21, 22, 23), wherein the outer conductors (L1, L2, L3) are each assigned to one of the battery arrangement terminals (21, 22, 23) in order to transmit electrical energy from the network to the battery arrangement (20) or vice versa, which phase detection device (81) is designed to generate a phase detection signal (S82) characterizing the phases of the outer conductors (L1, L2, L3) connected to the battery arrangement terminals (21, 22, 23), and which control device (70) is designed to transmit the circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) depending on the phase detection signal (S82). [10] Battery arrangement (20) according to claim 9, wherein the control device (70) is configured to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) with a circuit arrangement specification signal period (T) which corresponds to a phase detection signal period of the phase detection signal (S82). [11] Battery arrangement (20) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the control device (70) is configured to generate the circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) in such a way that the temporal voltage profile generated by the respective circuit arrangement specification signal (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) between the first terminal (37) and the second terminal (38) has a predetermined second phase difference (180) to the voltage profile of the voltage - between the associated outer conductor (L1, L2, L3) and a star point (50; 50.1, 50.2) in the case of a star connection, or - between the two associated outer conductors (L1, L2; L2, L3; L1, L3) in the case of a delta connection. [12] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the control device (70) is configured to variably specify the second phase difference (180) in dependence on a phase difference specification signal (78). [13] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of claims 9 to 12, in which the control device (70) is designed to influence the circuit arrangement specification signals (S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) in dependence on an energy transfer signal (77) in such a way that an energy transfer takes place from the battery arrangement (20) to the network (10) or vice versa. [14] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the DC batteries (321) are designed as traction batteries. [15] Battery arrangement (20) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the battery arrangement (20) is designed to generate an output voltage (U_A) at the module arrangements (30; 71, 72, 73) in at least some of the configurations (30.1 - 30.6), which output voltage (U_A) is greater than 1.5 kV in magnitude, preferably greater than 5 kV in magnitude, more preferably greater than 8 kV in magnitude, more preferably greater than 10 kV in magnitude, more preferably greater than 15 kV in magnitude and more preferably greater than 20 kV in magnitude.

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