Coupling sleeve for releasably fixing a mandrel by means of a structured surface and for use in a sports device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coupling sleeve (20) for releasably securing a spike (50) and for use in a piece of sports equipment (1), in particular an acrobatic device. The coupling sleeve has an insertion opening (22) for inserting the spike (50) and a lateral surface (16) that converges conically from the insertion opening (22). The lateral surface (16) has at least partially a structured surface (18) to assist in releasably securing the spike (50) in the coupling sleeve (20). The structured surface (18) is designed in the manner of a rifled barrel (18a). A plurality of depressions (24) are designed in the form of grooves (24) of the rifled barrel (18a). The present invention further relates to a piece of sports equipment (1).

Description

The present invention relates to a sleeve for the detachable fixing of a pin and for use in a sports device and to a corresponding sports device.For carrying out acrobatic or gymnastic exercises, sports equipment, for example in the form of hand standing stands or pots, with so-called hand standing rods, is known. Compared to performing a hand standing exercise on the ground, hand standing rods, for example, make it possible to provide a certain distance between a user's hands and the ground. A large distance may be desired, for example, to increase the visibility of an acrobat on a stage. Furthermore, such hand standing rods may vary in length and / or diameter and may further be provided with individual handle blocks or handles, enabling a wide variety of acrobatic or gymnastic exercises.In the prior art, for example, permanently mounted hand stand stands and quickly detachable hand stand stands are known. In the case of a permanently mounted hand stand stand stand, for example, the hand stand rods are mounted on a platform or stand by means of a screw connection. In this way, the platform or stand can also absorb tensile forces from the handstand rod in addition to the compressive forces typical of the handstand. Thus, a particularly secure and load-bearing connection is provided between the hand-held stand rod and the platform or the stand. In this variant, it can be regarded as disadvantageous that removing the hand standing rod from the test stand or stand is comparatively time-consuming.In the case of the quick release hand stand posts, the hand stand rod typically has a conical mandrel and the post typically has a corresponding conical sleeve. This enables rapid mounting and dismantling of the hand standing rod by means of simple insertion of the pin into the sleeve. In this variant, it can be considered disadvantageous that the connection between the mandrel and the sleeve can sometimes be comparatively loose. Furthermore, in conventional devices, it may happen that the hand standing rod unintentionally rotates relative to the sleeve.DE 622 437 A discloses an apparatus for detecting the columns of gymnastic apparatuses. DE 103 40 708 A1 discloses a pluggable tube connection in the field of medical technology. EP 1 437 040 A1 discloses a connecting element for garden equipment. AT 110 002 B discloses a turning device. DE 58 460 A discloses a collapsible drum. DE 22 57 602 A discloses a device connection for the floor of sports, gymnastics and gymnastics. DE 81 08 937 U1 discloses a playing surface with at least one child game device.Proceeding from the known prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved coupling sleeve for releasably securing a pin and an improved sports device.The object is achieved by a coupling sleeve, a sports device component and a sports device having the features of the independent claims. Further developments are evident from the dependent claims, the description and the figures.Accordingly, a coupling sleeve for the detachable fixing of a pin and for use in a sports device, in particular an agricultural device, is proposed, having an insertion opening for the insertion of the pin and a circumferential surface which narrows conically from the insertion opening. The lateral surface has at least partially a structured surface in order to assist the detachable fixing of the mandrel in the sleeve. The structured surface is formed in the manner of a drawn run. A plurality of depressions are formed in the form of trains of the towed barrel.Due to the fact that the coupling sleeve has the conically converging lateral surface from the insertion opening, a correspondingly conically shaped pin of a conventional sports device component, for example a hand standing rod, can be easily inserted into the coupling sleeve via the insertion opening and can be brought with the conically converging lateral surface of the coupling sleeve into an engagement position in which the pin is releasably fixed in the coupling sleeve. In other words, the conical pin can be inserted through the insertion opening into the conical coupling sleeve, wherein the plug connection between pin and coupling sleeve can be released automatically, for example by a user pulling the pin out of the coupling sleeve by means of a pulling movement or a combined pulling-rotating movement.Because the lateral surface has at least partially the structured surface, the lateral surface of the coupling sleeve can have a particularly high coefficient of friction compared to conventional sleeves, so that in the engagement position between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve not only a positive fit based on the conical configuration of the components, but also additionally a frictional fit between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve can be provided. In this way, the mandrel can be fixed in the coupling sleeve in a particularly readily releasable manner.In particular, the coupling sleeve thus makes it possible to fix the mandrel in the coupling sleeve along a sleeve longitudinal axis. In other words, in the engagement position between the coupling sleeve and the mandrel, a connection can be provided which can absorb tensile forces along the sleeve longitudinal axis or mandrel longitudinal axis. More specifically, the tensile forces to be taken up by the resulting joint can be substantially greater than when using a conventional prior art sleeve. In this way, for example, the risk of an unintentional loosening of the connection between the coupling sleeve and the pin or an unintentional loosening of the pin from the engagement position with the coupling sleeve can be reduced. Thus, the coupling sleeve is particularly suitable for highly loaded agricultural implements, such as a hand stand stand for power transporters or tip acrobates.By means of the frictional connection between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve additionally provided in the engagement position, the connection of the coupling sleeve to the mandrel can still absorb tangential forces, for example a torque acting on the mandrel in the circumferential direction of the mandrel or of the coupling sleeve. In particular, the absorbable tangential forces or the absorbable torque can be considerably greater than when using conventional sleeves according to the prior art, which are essentially based on a simple cone-based plug connection. Thus, a greater range of applications can be made possible compared to conventional sleeves. The fact that a connection can absorb specific forces or moments means in the present case that the connection also retains its connection function under the action of these specific forces or moments.For example, the mandrel may be comprised of a hand standing rod equipped with a turning device, for example a handle block provided with a free-wheeling bearing. In this way, even for application cases in which a rotation of the user is provided, a particularly firm and stable connection can be provided between the coupling sleeve and the mandrel. For example, when using a handle block based on a freewheel, the risk of an unintentional release of the connection or slipping of the engagement position between the coupling sleeve and the pin can be reduced.Because the structured surface of the lateral surface of the coupling sleeve-as described above-allows a connection between the coupling sleeve and the mandrel which can absorb higher or additional forces and / or moments compared to conventional sleeves, the structured surface assists the detachable fixing of the mandrel in the coupling sleeve. Furthermore, because the structured surface assists the fixing, in particular by means of a comparatively high coefficient of friction, the connection between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve fixed in the engagement position can be easily released again by a user, for example by means of a combined rotational-tensile relative movement between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve. Such a combined rotational-tensile movement can overcome the frictional engagement provided by means of the rotational movement, wherein thanks to the tensile movement it is avoided that ad hoc a new engagement or frictional engagement occurs between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve.Furthermore, the fact that the connection between the pin and the coupling sleeve can be easily released again by a user makes it possible for the user to be able to release the pin on a first coupling sleeve quickly, easily and securely during a performance and to be able to releasably fix the same pin in a second coupling sleeve likewise quickly, easily and securely. In this way, the application spectrum for turn practice or performance can be extended.In other words, the coupling sleeve can provide a self-locking connection for the detachable fixing of the mandrel in that the lateral surface at least partially has the structured surface. In particular, due to the surface of the lateral surface being at least partially structured, the structured surface of the lateral surface can be elastically deformed in the engagement position relative to a non-engagement position, wherein the structure of the surface enables the elastic deformation. For example, the structured surface can be formed in such a way that a plurality of elevations which are separate from one another are provided on the structured surface and deform elastically when the mandrel is brought into engagement with the structured surface in order to achieve the engagement position between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve. In other words, the structured surface can have a multiplicity of elevations, in particular elastically deformable elevations. In particular, the elevations of the plurality of elevations can be separated from one another by means of depressions. In other words, the structured surface can form a multiplicity of disjunctive elevations.Because the elevations of the structured surface are elastically deformable when the mandrel is brought into engagement with the coupling sleeve, a circumference of a contact surface between mandrel and coupling sleeve can increase during the elastic deformation. For example, a user can engage the mandrel with the coupling sleeve by performing a combined rotational-thrust movement. In other words, the user can insert the mandrel into the coupling sleeve while rotating, so to speak in a spiral movement. In this case, the push portion of the movement can ensure that the mandrel is introduced into the coupling sleeve and an engagement position within the coupling sleeve is reached. The rotational portion of the movement can ensure that the elevations are elastically deformed, in other words in order to prestress the structured surface or the elevations.As soon as the process of engaging the mandrel with the coupling sleeve is completed, i.e. the mandrel with the coupling sleeve is in the engagement position, the elastically deformed elevations of the structured surface can generate restoring forces in order to return to their undeformed state or initial state. By means of the restoring forces, the structured surface can exert a pressure circumferentially on the mandrel, which is consequently fixed particularly well in the coupling sleeve, in particular is fixed by means of a self-locking mechanism. The self-locking can be canceled, for example, by a user performing the above-described combined rotational-tensile relative movement between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve. In particular, the combined rotational-push relative movement for bringing about the engagement of the mandrel and the coupling sleeve can be substantially opposed to the combined rotational-pull relative movement for releasing the engagement or the self-locking connection between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve.In other words, as previously indicated, the locking of the mandrel in the coupling sleeve may include locking the mandrel in the coupling sleeve. Thus, the coupling sleeve can clamp or press the mandrel in the engagement position. In other words, the coupling sleeve can, because the lateral surface is designed conically and at least partially has the structured surface, which, for example, allows an elastic or reversible circumferential enlargement within the coupling sleeve by means of the plurality of elastically deformable elevations, fix the mandrel in the manner of a press fit. In combination with the conical configuration of the coupling sleeve, a type of press fit can thus be provided which can be easily released by a user.The above-described components and mechanisms for releasably securing the mandrel in the coupling sleeve are accompanied by further advantages. In particular, due to the described effects of the structured surface, tolerance compensation can be achieved. This relates, on the one hand, to a compensation of manufacturing-related fit tolerances between the conically converging lateral surface and the conical mandrel. In other words, inadequate fit tolerances between the conical shape of the lateral surface of the coupling sleeve and the mandrel, which is typically designed conically in accordance with the lateral surface, can be compensated.This further relates to a functional operating tolerance during use of the coupling sleeve in connection with the mandrel, for example a hand standing rod comprising the mandrel. In other words, the coupling sleeve can securely and compactly fix the mandrel thanks to the increased operating tolerance that can be achieved by means of the structured surface even if the connection between the coupling sleeve and the mandrel is subjected to strong loads as a result of a certain user behavior, for example tensile forces, tangential forces, oscillations or shocks. Thus, the coupling sleeve is suitable for particularly demanding applications, such as in a sports device for power sportsrs or tip acrobates.Furthermore, the structured surface can form a plurality of depressions. The plurality of elevations can be provided in a simple manner by means of the plurality of depressions, wherein, for example, a single elevation is provided between two adjacent individual depressions. For example, the depressions can be easily cut into the lateral surface by means of a cutting tool. The elevations provided by means of the depressions can contribute to the structure of the structured surface and in particular be elastically deformable, as illustrated above. In particular, a single depression of an adjacent elevation enables the elevation to be deformed in the direction of the depression.In particular, the plurality of depressions can run substantially parallel to one another. In the present context, "substantially parallel" is to be understood in the context of the conical shape of the lateral surface, wherein, for example, the lateral lines of a cone are to be considered in the present context as substantially parallel to one another, even if they intersect in the tip of the cone. Because the plurality of depressions run substantially parallel to one another, the structured surface can be designed or produced in a simple manner by a technician.Additionally or alternatively, the plurality of depressions can run substantially equidistantly with respect to one another. For example, the depressions can have a fixed first distance in the direction of the insertion opening and have a fixed second distance in an opposite direction away from the insertion opening, which distance can typically be smaller than the first distance due to the conical shape of the lateral surface. Because a plurality of depressions run substantially equidistantly with respect to one another, the structured surface can be designed or produced in a simple manner by a technician.According to an embodiment which is not claimed, at least individual depressions, in particular each of the multiplicity of depressions, can be aligned along a sleeve longitudinal direction. In other words, individual or all depressions can be parallel to a surface line of an imaginary cone, the cone surface area of which corresponds to the conically converging surface area of the coupling sleeve. In this way, the plurality of depressions can be produced particularly easily. Furthermore, elevations can thus be provided which can run substantially parallel to one another and to the surface line. In this way, the elevations can be elastically deformed or prestressed essentially by means of the rotational portion of the combined rotational-thrust movement for engaging the mandrel with the coupling sleeve. Thus, the elastic deformation of the elevations or their prestress is substantially independent of a compressive or tensile load which the mandrel experiences in the engagement position. In other words, the press fit in this case must be substantially released by a torque about the sleeve longitudinal axis. In this way, the connection of the coupling sleeve and the mandrel can absorb particularly high tensile forces. Furthermore, the deformation of the elevations thus takes place independently of the direction of rotation during the engagement.According to an embodiment which is not claimed, the structured surface can be shaped in the manner of knurling or in the manner of a cross-cut. For example, the plurality of recesses may comprise a first and a second subset of recesses, wherein the recesses of the first and the second subset cross. In this way, the structured surface can be produced particularly easily. Furthermore, the structured surface can thus offer the same properties and functionalities independently of the direction of rotation.According to the invention, the structured surface is designed in the manner of a drawn run. In the present case, a towed barrel is understood to mean substantially a towed barrel of a firearm, wherein "substantially" illustrates that the towed barrel is not provided in a hollow cylinder as in a firearm, but is instead adapted to the conical shape of the lateral surface. For convenience in explanation, the following expression characteristic of a towed track is used in the present context to describe the structured surface in a towed track manner: Accordingly, a tow is a helical groove formed in the structured surface and corresponding to the above-described depression of the plurality of depressions. Between two adjacent trains, a field is provided on the structured surface, which field corresponds to the elevations described above. In other words, the plurality of depressions can be formed in the form of trains of the towed barrel, wherein an elevation in the form of a field is provided between two adjacent trains. The trains allow elastic deformability of the panels.In an operating state of the coupling sleeve, the mandrel is in engagement with the structured surface and the mandrel-and thus the connection between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve-is subjected to a load, in particular a compressive load, by a user. Because the structured surface can be designed in the manner of a towed run, the fields can experience a shear stress, shear stress or elastic shear, which is generated by a component of the load of the user, in an operating state. Since, furthermore, the lateral surface comprising the structured surface is designed to be conical, the mandrel can sink further into the coupling sleeve under the elastic yielding of the panels, wherein the deformations and the sinking move in a size range which is not perceptible to the user. Sinking ends as soon as the user's load is no longer great enough to further deform the panels. Thus, the more structured surface, in particular by means of the elastically deformable panels, provides the above described restoring force and enables the resulting press fit.According to a further development, a twist angle of the towed barrel, in particular a twist angle of a draw or of all draws of the towed barrel, can lie in the range from 10 to 75 degrees, in particular from 15 to 60 degrees, for example from 25 to 50 degrees. In particular, the swirl angle can be constant. Alternatively, the angle of swirl may be progressive. A constant twist angle has the advantage that the structured surface can be designed and produced particularly easily. By means of progressive twist angles, certain sections of the structured surface can be provided with specific properties. For example, an upper portion near the insertion opening may have a smaller twist angle than a lower portion remote from the insertion opening. Due to the smaller twist angle, the fields in the upper section can be prestressed particularly well by means of a torque about the sleeve longitudinal axis during the engagement. At the same time, the fields in the lower section can be deformed particularly well by means of a pressure load of the user in the operating state because of the swirl angle which is greater for this purpose. In this way, a superimposed self-locking takes place in two directions, which further reduces the risk of an undesired release of the connection.In the present case, the angle of twist is understood to mean the angle which is enclosed between a draw of the drawn barrel and a surface line of an imaginary cone, wherein the imaginary cone has a conical surface area which corresponds to that of the conically converging surface area of the coupling sleeve. The swirl angle can assume any value within the above-mentioned ranges. On the basis of the ranges mentioned for the twist angle, the structured surface can be designed and produced particularly easily by a technician.For example, the twist angle of all trains or fields can be constant and amount to 45 degrees and be designed in the manner of a left twist. This means that an imaginary projectile which moves away from the insertion opening through the coupling sleeve would experience a left-hand twist, that is to say would be set into a rotation in the counterclockwise direction. In the case of the left twist angle of 45 degrees, the user can engage the mandrel with a clockwise rotational movement with the coupling sleeve. In this way, the panels are subjected to a shear stress transversely to their approximately 45 degree alignment, which corresponds substantially to the left twist angle of 45 degrees, so that the user can pretension the panels particularly easily and in a user-friendly manner with a combined shear-rotation movement. It has been found that mean twist angles in the range of 25 to 50 degrees can be used very intuitively for a user in order to prestress the fields during the insertion of the mandrel by means of the combined rotational-thrust movement. Smaller twist angles in the range 10 to 25 degrees allow a higher pre-tension to be applied during insertion, provided the user is paid attention to applying the torque required during insertion. In contrast, larger twist angles in the range 60 to 75 degrees or even in the range 75 to 85 degrees have the advantage that the user can insert the mandrel substantially by means of a pushing movement into the coupling sleeve, during which a slight torque can optionally be applied, wherein the deformation of the fields or the self-locking can be achieved in a simple manner only by means of the application end of the user load in the operating state.Consequently, the other possible angles within the scope of the ranges mentioned allow alternative designs. If, for example, the deformation or prestress tends to be achieved more readily during the course of the introduction, small angles, for example of 10, 15 or 25 degrees, are suitable. Alternatively, if the deformation or prestress tends to be achieved more in the course of a load by a user in the operating state, large angles, for example of 50, 60, or even more than 75 degrees, are suitable.According to a further development, the towed track can have a number of trains in the range 6 to 50, in particular 10 to 40, for example 20 to 30. A comparatively small number of trains can be manufactured with less outlay than a high number. Furthermore, a small number of trains with the same train width provides the advantage over a large number of trains that the contact surface provided by the fields with respect to the mandrel is larger. On the other hand, a large number of passes allows better elastic deformability of the panels. The aforementioned ranges for the number of trains have proven to be good compromise for the field of application of sports equipment. The number, width and depth of the trains can be matched to the dimensioning of the mandrel to be fixed. For example, a mandrel may have a length of 40 mm, a largest diameter of 12 mm and a smallest diameter of 8 mm. For this example mandrel, a structured surface formed in the manner of a drawn run with 20 draws with a draw width of 1 mm and a draw depth of 1 mm and a constant twist angle of 35 degrees offers a user good handling, while at the same time the structured surface is relatively simple to produce.According to an embodiment which is not claimed, a sports device component for releasably fixing in a conical sleeve and for use in a sports device, in particular an agricultural device, is furthermore proposed. The sports device component comprises a coupling pin and a structural interface component which is in particular designed in the form of a rod, a ring or a spring and which is provided to absorb a mechanical load of a user. The coupling mandrel is fastened or can be fastened to the interface component and has a tip section for inserting the coupling mandrel into an insertion opening of the sleeve and a lateral surface which extends conically from the tip section. The lateral surface has at least partially a structured surface in order to support the detachable fixing of the coupling mandrel in the sleeve.The sleeve may be a conventional sleeve for use in a sports device. The sports device component can thus be used in combination with a sleeve which does not have a structured surface according to the proposed coupling sleeve. Furthermore, the sleeve can be a coupling sleeve according to the disclosure.The coupling mandrel and the interface component can be screwed, welded or glued together, for example. The interface component thus provides an interface between the coupling mandrel and the user.In particular, the sports device component can be designed in the form of a hand-held pole, wherein the coupling pin is designed in one piece with the interface component in the form of a rod or tube, to which a holder plate is fastened. The holder plate may be provided with a grip block.The definitions, application cases, effects and advantages described above in the context of the proposed coupling sleeve apply analogously to the proposed sports device component. In particular, the lateral surface and the structured surface of the sports device component, in particular of the coupling pin, can be designed analogously and achieve corresponding effects as the lateral surface or the structured surface of the coupling sleeve.For example, the structured surface of the coupling mandrel can form a multiplicity of depressions, which in particular run substantially parallel to one another.Furthermore, for example, the structured surface of the coupling mandrel can be shaped in the manner of knurling or in the manner of a cross-cut.Furthermore, for example, the structured surface of the coupling mandrel can have a multiplicity of spirally extending grooves. The grooves can correspond to the grooves of the structured surface in the manner of a drawn run disclosed in connection with the coupling sleeve. Accordingly, a field can be provided on the structured surface of the coupling mandrel between two adjacent grooves, which field corresponds to the field or fields of the coupling sleeve. A corresponding twist angle of the grooves can lie in the range of 10 to 75 degrees, in particular 15 to 60 degrees, for example 25 to 50 degrees. A number of grooves can lie in the range 6 to 50, in particular 10 to 40, for example 20 to 30.Furthermore, for example, the plurality of depressions of the structured surface of the coupling mandrel can be aligned along a mandrel longitudinal direction.According to the disclosure, a sports device, in particular an acrobatic device, is also proposed. The sports device comprises an interface group for receiving a mechanical load of a user and a base group for transmitting the load to a ground or to a holder, wherein the interface group is detachably attachable to the base group. The base group comprises in particular a coupling sleeve according to the preceding description. Alternatively, the interface group comprises a sports equipment component with a coupling pin according to the above description.In one configuration of the sports device, the base group may comprise the coupling sleeve, while the interface group comprises a conventional pin. Because the coupling sleeve has the structured surface in order to support the detachable fixing of the pin in the coupling sleeve, the sports device can be used in combination with commercially available sports device components which have a typical, i.e. conically shaped, pin for insertion into a sleeve.In another configuration of the sports equipment, the interface group may comprise the coupling pin, while the base group comprises a conventional sleeve. Because the coupling pin has the structured surface in order to support the detachable fixing of the coupling pin in the sleeve, the sports device can be used in combination with commercially available sports device components which have a typical, i.e. conically shaped, sleeve for receiving a pin.In a further configuration of the sports device, the interface group can comprise the coupling pin, while the base group comprises the coupling sleeve. In this way, the above-described effects of the structured surface of the coupling mandrel and the structured surface of the coupling sleeve can be further enhanced, so that the fixing of the coupling mandrel in the coupling sleeve is further promoted. For example, an even stronger or more robust connection or press fit can thus be provided.Furthermore, the sports device can be designed in the form of a hand stand stand. In particular, the base group can comprise two longitudinal beams and a cross beam connecting the two longitudinal beams. The longitudinal members and optionally the cross member can be provided for discharging a user load onto a subgrade, a beam or a floor. The cross member and the longitudinal members can be designed, for example, as a tube. Alternatively, the cross member and / or the longitudinal members can be made of a plate material and arranged at the same or at different height levels. For example, the hand stand stand can comprise a platform, wherein the cross member is designed as a table top and the longitudinal members as table legs.Furthermore, the sports device can comprise a hand-held pole and the coupling sleeve, wherein the coupling sleeve is produced from non-stainless steel. The handstand rod may comprise a rod made of stainless steel having a conical mandrel for inserting the handstand rod into the coupling sleeve. Because the coupling sleeve can be made of non-stainless steel, flight grids can form on the structured surface of the coupling sleeve. Surprisingly, it was discovered in the context of the present invention that the flight grill located on the structured surface further assists the detachable fixing of the mandrel in the coupling sleeve. Furthermore, because the rod and thus the mandrel can be made of stainless steel, it is possible to prevent the mandrel and the coupling sleeve from getting stuck to one another due to the rust formation, in particular rust formation on both sides. In other words, the connection between the mandrel and the coupling sleeve thus remains releasable in a simple manner. Alternatively, the coupling sleeve may be made of stainless steel.Furthermore, the mandrel can have a mandrel surface with a mean roughness in the range Ra of 0.8 to 10 μm, in particular Ra of 1.5 to 6.3 μm, for example Ra of 2 to 4 μm. For example, the mandrel surface may have a roughness typically referred to by those skilled in the art as sized or buffed. In particular, the mandrel surface can have transverse grooves resulting from a turning process, which cause the average roughness in the ranges mentioned. In other words, the mandrel surface can be unground, i.e. not roughly ground, not polished or not finely ground, and thus be comparatively rough.Because the mandrel surface can have a mean roughness value in the aforementioned ranges, particularly high friction can be achieved during the engagement between the mandrel and the structured surface of the coupling sleeve, such that the rough mandrel surface can exert a shear stress or shear stress on the structured surface of the coupling sleeve in order to achieve the above-described elastic deformation of the elevations or fields, in other words the prestress or press fit.In all the above-described configurations or embodiments of the proposed articles, the structured surface of the coupling sleeve or the structured surface of the coupling mandrel can have the following materials: plastic, in particular polyamide or polycarbonate; wood; composite material. For example, the sports device component having the coupling pin can be produced substantially from polycarbonate, in particular optically transparent polycarbonate. Polycarbonate can have a high impact strength, strength and elasticity sufficient for the field of application. In this way, an optically transparent sports device component can be provided which enables particular visual effects in the art of acrobatics.Furthermore, in all the above-described configurations or embodiments of the proposed articles, the depressions of the corresponding structured surface can form a substantially stepped or U-shaped profile in a cross section orthogonal to a sleeve longitudinal direction, and can also form, for example, a rectangular, arc-shaped, trapezoidal or triangular profile.Furthermore, the structured surface of the coupling sleeve or the structured surface of the coupling mandrel can have a raised contact surface and a non-contact surface recessed with respect to the raised contact surface in all the configurations or embodiments of the proposed articles described above. The contact surface can be provided for contacting the mandrel with the coupling sleeve or the sleeve with the coupling mandrel. The surface areas of the contact surface and the non-contact surface can add up substantially to the surface area of the structured surface, wherein a ratio of the surface areas of contact surface to non-contact surface is in the range 99.9:0.1 to 70:30, in particular 98:2 to 65:35, for example 97:3 to 90:10, or a ratio within the ranges mentioned. The said ratio can be selected in accordance with the coefficients of friction of the structured surface, so that, during the above-described engagement, a sufficiently high static friction is provided in order to elastically deform the elevations or fields in order to achieve the press fit.Preferred further embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by the following description of the figures. The following are shown schematically: FIGS. 1 a- deach show an example of a sports device in the form of a hand stand stand; FIGS. 2 a, b show an example of a coupling sleeve in a plan view and in a longitudinal sectional view; FIG. 2 cshows a further example of a coupling sleeve in a longitudinal sectional view; FIG. 2 d shows a further example of a coupling sleeve in a cross-sectional view; FIG. 2 e shows a further example of a coupling sleeve in a longitudinal sectional view; FIGS. 3 a- feach show examples of a structured surface for a coupling sleeve or for a coupling mandrel in a body network illustration; FIG. 4a shows a further example of a coupling sleeve; FIGS. 4 b,c show examples of a structured surface for a coupling sleeve or for a coupling mandrel; and FIGS. 5 a, b show a further example of a coupling sleeve and a sports device.Preferred exemplary embodiments are described below with reference to the figures. Identical, similar or identically acting elements are provided with identical reference symbols in the different figures, and a repeated description of these elements is partly omitted in order to avoid redundancies.FIG. 1 ashows in perspective an embodiment of a sports device 1 in the form of a hand stand stand 1. The sports device 1 comprises a base group 4 with two longitudinal beams 4a, which are connected by means of a cross beam 4b. On the undersides of the longitudinal beams 4a, non-slip feet are attached, which can be designed to be height-adjustable, so that the base group 4 can be placed securely, for example on the floor of a gymnastic or on a stage. The cross member 4 bhas two bores which are at a distance from one another of approximately a shoulder width of a user. In each of the two bores, a coupling sleeve 20 is mounted, which has a flange 36 and fastening holes 38 arranged thereon (see FIG. 2 a), via which the coupling sleeve 20 is fastened to the cross member 4 b.The sports device 1 shown in FIG. 1 afurther comprises two interface groups 2, which are shown in an engagement position with the two coupling sleeves 20 in the left-hand part of FIG. 1 aand, for clarity, are additionally shown separately in an engagement position outside of the right-hand part of FIG. 1 a. In the example according to FIG. 1 a, the coupling sleeves 20 each have an insertion opening 22 for inserting a pin 50 and a lateral surface 16 which tapers conically from the insertion opening 22 and which is also referred to in the present case as a conical lateral surface 16 or only as a lateral surface 16. The shell surface 16 has at least partially a structured surface 18 to assist in releasably securing the mandrel 50 within the coupling sleeve 20, as can be seen in the more detailed views of FIGS. 2 a,b.Due to the fact that the base group 4 has the coupling sleeves 20, the interface groups 2 can be substantially of conventional design. This means that the interface group 2, as shown in the right-hand part of the figure, is designed in the form of a conventional hand-held pole 30. The interface group 2 or hand-held stand rod 30 comprises a rod 51 which has a conically shaped pin 50 at a lower end and has a holder plate 32 at an upper end with a handle block 34 as an interface for the user. The grip blocks 34 can be designed with regard to their dimensioning and contour to the hand size and preferences of defined user groups. Furthermore, the shape of the handle blocks 34 may be individually designed based on certain user preferences.In the present example, the mandrel 50 does not have a structured surface 18, which is formed analogously to the structured surface 18 of the coupling sleeve 20. Optionally, however, the mandrel 50 could also have such a structured surface 18. In the present case, the mandrel 50 is designed according to the typical conical mandrel of a conventional hand standing rod 30, wherein the conical shape of the mandrel 50 is adapted to the shape of the conically converging lateral surface 16 of the coupling sleeve 20. In other words, the mandrel 50 of the hand-held rod 30 and the lateral surface 16 of the coupling sleeve 20 have substantially the same cone angle.In order to bring the hand standing rod 30 or its mandrel 50 into engagement with the base group 4 or its coupling sleeve 20, a user can insert the hand standing rod 30 through the insertion opening 22 into the coupling sleeve 20 and fix it in the coupling sleeve 20 by means of a sliding movement or a combined sliding-rotational movement. The insertion takes place along a sleeve longitudinal axis L or mandrel longitudinal axis L, which in the present case essentially correspond to the Z axis of a Cartesian coordinate system X-Y-Z, since the sports device is placed on a horizontal, planar base. During the combined push-turn movement, the user can turn the handstand rod 30 and thus the mandrel 50 about the mandrel longitudinal axis L and, during the engagement of the mandrel 50 with the structured surface 18, exert a pushing force in the positive Z direction and / or a torque about the Z axis. In this way, the structured surface 18 can support a detachable fixing of the mandrel 50 in the coupling sleeve 20, as is explained in particular below with reference to the rows of FIGS. 2 and 3.FIG. 1 b shows a further exemplary embodiment of a sports device 1 in the form of a hand stand stand 1. The left-hand part of FIG. 1 bshows a base group 4 which is constructed structurally analogously to FIG. 1 a, for example. The base group 4 of FIG. 1 bdiffers from FIG. 1 ain particular in that the base group 4 does not have the proposed coupling sleeves 20, but is provided with conventional sleeves 52. The sleeves 52 do not have the suggested textured surface 18.The right-hand part of FIG. 1 bshows a sports device component 10, which is designed in the present case in the form of a hand standing rod 10 which has a coupling pin 12. More specifically, the sports equipment component 10 comprises the coupling pin 12 and a structural interface component 14 in the form of a rod 14 which is provided for absorbing a mechanical load of a user. The coupling mandrel 12 is formed in one piece with the rod 14 in the present case and comprises a tip section 12 afor inserting the coupling mandrel 12 into an insertion opening 52 aof the sleeve 50 of the base group 4. The coupling mandrel 12 furthermore comprises a lateral surface 16 which extends conically from the tip section 12 aand which has at least partially a structured surface 18 in order to assist a detachable fixing of the coupling mandrel 12 in the sleeve 52. In other words, the coupling mandrel 12 has a structured surface 18, which can be formed analogously to the structured surface 18 of the coupling sleeve 20 and can provide, in particular, corresponding to the functionalities and technical effects thereof. Consequently, the engagement of the sports device component 10 with the sleeve 52 can be effected analogously to the above description with respect to FIG. 1 a.FIG. 1 cshows a top view of a further example of a base group 4 of a sports device 1. in this example the cross member 4 bis formed integrally with the longitudinal members 4 a. For example, the base group 4 may be made of a plate material and include a plurality of coupling sleeves 20.FIG. 1 d shows a partially cut side view of a further example of a base group 4 of a sports device 1. the base group 4 is designed as a table or platform, wherein the table top 4 bfunctions as a cross member 4 bto which raised table legs 4 ain the form of longitudinal members 4 aare fastened. A plurality of coupling sleeves 20 can be embedded in the table top or in the platform 4.FIG. 2 ashows a plan view and FIG. 2 bshows a longitudinal section of the coupling sleeve 20 from the example of FIG. 1 a. The coupling sleeve 20 has a flange 36 with fastening holes 38 for fastening to the base group 4 or for fastening to a conventional hand stand stand. In particular, an already existing conventional hand stand comprising conventional sleeves 52 (as shown in FIG. 1 b) can be improved by replacing the conventional sleeves 52 with the proposed coupling sleeves 20. The structured surface 18 of the conical lateral surface 16 is illustrated in the figures with a wavy hatching. The conical lateral surface 16 extends from the insertion opening 22 as far as an end opening 23 (shown as a dashed circle) and can thus be described by means of a truncated cone.FIG. 2 cshows a further example of a coupling sleeve in a longitudinal sectional view. As can be seen in FIGS. 2 band 2 c, the lateral surface 16 only partially has the structured surface 18. In other words, the structured surface 18 does not extend completely, but only partially over the lateral surface 16. In FIG. 2 b, the structured surface extends starting from the insertion opening 22, In FIG. 2 c, the lateral surface 16 has a central section with the structured surface 18, wherein the respective end sections of the lateral surface 16 do not have the structured surface 18.FIG. 2 dillustrates a further example of a structured surface 18 of a coupling sleeve 20 in a cross-sectional view. Depressions 24, also referred to as grooves 24 in the present case, are formed in the conical lateral surface 16 of the coupling sleeve 20. Between two adjacent depressions 24, a raised portion 26 is correspondingly formed, which is provided in particular by means of the adjacently arranged depressions 24. The depressions 24 can be cut, pressed, etched or produced by means of a laser, for example, into the conical lateral surface 18 of the coupling sleeve 20. In a radially outer region of the coupling sleeve 20, in which no depressions 24 are present, imaginary annular material fibers 19 a(white dashed) are uninterrupted. In other words, solid material is present there in a ring-shaped continuous manner, so that the diameter of the ring-shaped fiber 19 acannot be increased even when a mandrel 50 is pressed in, wherein forces typical of the use in the field of application are assumed in the present case for a typical material selection of a sleeve, e.g. metal. In a radially inner region of the coupling sleeve 20, on the other hand, the annular fibers are interrupted by means of the depressions 24, which is illustrated by means of an interrupted annular fiber 19 b(white dashed). Thus, the depressions 24 reduce the forces acting in the circumferential direction, which hold the material together, within the sleeve material such that the elevations 26 in the region of the structured surface 18 themselves are deformable with the forces typical of use by means of a mandrel 50. Due to this deformability, the circumference of the lateral surface 16 can increase in the area of the structured surface 18 under the mentioned force effect. As soon as the force action ends, the elevations 26 experience a restoring force due to their elasticity, which acts against the mandrel 50 and assists its fixing in the coupling sleeve 20. The fixing is in particular further promoted by the conical shape of the lateral surface 18, as can be further seen with reference to FIG. 2 e.FIG. 2 eillustrates a further example of a structured surface 18 of a coupling sleeve 20 in a longitudinal sectional view. The structured surface 18 has grooves 24 which extend spirally along the lateral surface 16. For example, the structured surface 18 can be designed in the manner of a drawn run, wherein a twist angle of the drawn run would be designed to be comparatively large according to the illustration.The left-hand part of FIG. 2 eillustrates a state in which a conical mandrel 50 is brought into engagement with the structured surface, but no force is yet applied to deform the elevations 26. In the right-hand part of FIG. 2 e, a state is shown in which the mandrel 50 is in engagement with the structured surface 16, such that the mandrel 50 is particularly well fixed in the coupling sleeve 20. In contrast to the left-hand part of the figure, a force was exerted on the mandrel 50, which force acted on and deformed the latter on account of sufficient friction between the mandrel 50 and the elevations 26. Under the deformation of the elevations 26, the mandrel 50 could sink further into the coupling sleeve 20 due to the conical configuration of the lateral surface 18. Said exertion of the force thus provides a prestress.Once the force is no longer applied to the mandrel 50, the elastically deformed protrusions 26 provide a restoring force to return to their original shape. The restoring force cannot, however, easily push back the mandrel 50 in the opposite Z direction, since the restoring force cannot overcome the prestress which was generated by means of the said application of force alone. Rather, a type of press fit has been created between the mandrel 50 and the coupling sleeve 20, as can be seen with regard to the diameter and height difference of the mandrel 50 between the left and right parts of the figure. The connection thus achieved, in particular prestressed connection, between the mandrel 50 and the coupling sleeve 20 can, however, easily be released again by a user by exerting a combined rotational-tensile movement on the mandrel 50. It should be appreciated that the dimensions of the protrusions 26, deformations and height difference are exaggerated for purposes of illustration.FIGS. 3 a- feach show, in a body network representation, further examples of a structured surface 18, wherein the examples of the structured surface 18 can be applied to a coupling sleeve 20 and analogously to a coupling pin 12 of a sports device component 10. In other words, for example, the coupling sleeve 20 shown in FIG. 2 acan have each of the structured surfaces 18 according to FIGS. 3 a- f. Furthermore, for example, the coupling mandrel 12 of the sports device component 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 bmay have each of the structured surfaces 18 according to FIGS. 3 a- f, wherein the principle of the drawn run can be transferred from an inner contour to the outer contour of the coupling mandrel 12.In the present case, a body net representation is understood to mean a folding-up of a body in order to better illustrate its surface. The present representations are schematic and model-based; in particular, elements represented as straight lines may have curvatures in reality.The present body net representations comprise a lower, large arc and an upper, small arc, the end points of which are connected by straight lines which in turn correspond to surface lines of an imaginary truncated cone which is suitable for describing the structured surface 16 or the conical surface area thereof. Centrally in the body net representations, a further corresponding surface line 54 is shown in dashed lines. For the positional orientation, the Z direction of the coordinate system used in the figures is indicated schematically in FIG. 3 a.In the case of use of the coupling sleeve 20, the lower arc is consequently located in the direction of the insertion opening 22 and the small arc is located in the direction of the end opening 23, but in the case of use of the coupling pin 12, the lower arc is located in the direction of the holder plate 32 and the small arc is located in the direction of the tip section 12 a.In FIGS. 3 a, b, the structured surface 18 is formed in the manner of a towed barrel 18 a, wherein the plurality of depressions 24 are formed in the form of towed barrel trains 24. The trains 24 are shown as lines for simplicity, the trains naturally having a certain width and a certain depth in the third dimension. A possible greater width of the trains 24 is illustrated by way of example in FIGS. 3 band 3 f by means of thicker lines.As is characteristic of a towed run, two adjacent trains 24 provide an intermediate elevation 26 in the form of a field 26. In FIG. 3 a, a constant swirl angle α of about 20 degrees is present, and in FIG. 3 b, of about 10 degrees. In FIG. 3 a, there are a number of trains or fields of approximately twelve, and in FIG. 3 b, of approximately six. The width and depth of the trains can be, in particular, less millimeters or fractions of a millimeter.In FIG. 3 c, the structured surface 18 has a first and a second plurality of depressions 24, wherein the first plurality and the second plurality substantially cross one another. In this way, an operation for locking a mandrel in a sleeve or for engaging it as described above can be carried out independently of a direction of rotation or torque.In FIG. 3 d, the structured surface 18 has a plurality of depressions 24 which extend substantially parallel to the surface line 54. This also has the advantage of independence from direction as in FIG. 3 c. Furthermore, with this arrangement, the above-described sinking of a spike into a sleeve during a user load can be avoided. In this way, the arrangement is particularly suitable for very high vertical loads, i.e. in the Z direction. The desirable effect of the press fit may instead be achieved substantially by means of a targeted application of a comparatively high torque, while at the same time a certain sinking-in may be effected by means of a thrust force. However, this arrangement can avoid a spike unintentionally sinking too far into a sleeve in the course of too high a user load in an operating state and / or from too much stress being placed on the materials, in particular the elastic deformability of the elevations.As shown in FIG. 3 e, a combination of longer and shorter depressions 24 or trains 24 is possible. Thus, for example, regions of larger diameters can have a higher number of depressions 24 than regions of smaller diameters, wherein the term diameter relates to the said imaginary truncated cone or to the lateral surface 16. In the region of a larger diameter, a larger number of depressions can be advantageous, since a higher torque can be applied more easily here. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3 f, a first and a second number of trains 24 with different twist angles α and / or different widths can be provided.FIG. 4 ashows a further example of a coupling sleeve 18 having a conical lateral surface 16 with a structured surface 18 which is designed in the manner of a drawn barrel 18 a. The towed barrel 18a has a number of trains 24 or fields 26 in the range twenty to thirty and a twist angle α in the range 15 to 60 degrees.FIG. 4 bshows two examples of a structured surface 18 in the manner of a knurl 18 b. FIG. 4 cshows an example of a structured surface 18 in the manner of a cross grind 18 c.As shown in FIG. 5 a, the coupling sleeve 20 does not necessarily have to have a flange and / or does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, but can have a polygonal outer profile in cross section. Furthermore, the coupling sleeve 20 can be completely inserted, inserted, glued or screwed into a cross member 4 bof a sports device in the manner of a screw-in nut with an external thread, as shown in FIG. 5 b.Where applicable, all individual features illustrated in the exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another and / or interchanged without departing from the scope of the invention.List of reference characters1 Sports device 2 interface group 4 base group 4 astratifier 4 bcross carrier 10 sports device component 12 coupling pin 12 atip section 14 interface component 16 lateral surface 16 abody network of lateral surface 18 structured surface 18 astructured surface in the manner of a drawn barrel 18 b / cstructured surface in the manner of a knurl / a cross cut 19 a / btransmating / interrupted annular fiber 20 coupling sleeve 22 insertion opening 23 end opening 24 depressions, grooves 26 elevations, panels 30 hand standing rod 32 holder plate 34 handle block 36 flange 38 fastening holes 50 pin 51 rod 52 sleeve 54 lateral line L sleeve longitudinal direction, pin longitudinal direction

Claims

Coupling sleeve (20) for the detachable fixing of a mandrel (50) and for use in an agricultural appliance, having - an insertion opening (22) for inserting the mandrel (50) and - a lateral surface (16) which narrows conically from the insertion opening (22), wherein the lateral surface (16) has at least partially a structured surface (18) in order to assist the detachable fixing of the mandrel (50) in the coupling sleeve (20), wherein the structured surface (18) is formed in the manner of a drawn barrel (18a), wherein a plurality of depressions (24) is formed in the form of trains (24) of the drawn barrel (18a).Coupling sleeve (20) according to claim 1, wherein a twist angle (α) of the towed barrel (18a), in particular a twist angle (α) of a draw (24) of the towed barrel, is in the range 10 to 75 degrees.The coupling sleeve (20) of claim 1, wherein the twist angle (α) of the towed race (18a) is in the range 15 to 60 degrees, for example 25 to 50 degrees.The coupling sleeve (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the towed barrel (18a) has a number of trains (24) in the range 6 to 50.Coupling sleeve (20) according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the towed barrel (18a) has a number of pulls (24) in the range 10 to 40, for example 20 to 30.Sports device (1), in particular an acrobatic device, comprising - an interface group (2) for receiving a mechanical load of a user and - a base group (4) for transmitting the load to a ground or to a holder, wherein the interface group (2) can be detachably fastened to the base group (4), wherein the base group (4) comprises a coupling sleeve (20) according to one of claims 1 to 5.

Images