Safety device and procedure for parachutists during jumps

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for parachutists jumping from an aircraft, wherein the parachutist wears a parachute comprising a canopy and a pack sack enclosing the canopy in the unopened state of the parachute, with a connecting device having a lifting line between the parachute and the aircraft, which in a connected state in which the parachute is in an unopened state forms a fixed connection between the parachute and the aircraft and which in a disconnected state forms a separation between the parachute and the aircraft, wherein the pack sack has a closing device which can be brought into an open position by generating a predetermined release force by means of the lifting line, in which the canopy is released from the pack sack for the latter to unfold, wherein the connecting device has a safety breakaway point.which, if the packing bag's locking mechanism is not triggered, brings the connecting device into the disconnected state.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for parachutists jumping from an aircraft, wherein the parachutist carries a parachute comprising a canopy and a pack sack enclosing the canopy in the unopened state of the parachute, with a connecting device having a lifting line between the parachute and the aircraft, which in a connected state in which the parachute is in an unopened state forms a fixed connection between the parachute and the aircraft and which in a disconnected state forms a separation between the parachute and the aircraft, the pack sack having a closing device which can be brought into an open position by generating a predetermined release force by means of the lifting line, in which the canopy is released from the pack sack for the latter to unfold.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for parachutists jumping out.

[0003] Furthermore, the invention relates to a safety predetermined breaking point for the safety device.

[0004] From EP 3 386 861 A1, parachutes with a reserve parachute are known which have an automatic opening mechanism, so that the opening of the reserve parachute is initiated automatically if the parachutist is below a certain altitude and exceeds a certain falling speed.

[0005] In military applications, the ability to parachute from very low altitudes is a requirement. For low-altitude jumps, the parachute is automatically deployed by opening a pack bag that, when the parachute is unopened, encloses the canopy. When the parachutist jumps, the extended launch line creates a pulling force, or release force, which opens a locking mechanism in the pack bag. This allows the canopy to inflate under the pressure of the air and thus open automatically. If the parachutist's jump is not as planned, for example, if the launch line becomes wrapped around their arm, the line may not be able to generate the necessary release force to open the pack bag's locking mechanism.To prevent the parachutist from continuing to hang from the aircraft in the slipstream, it is desirable to avoid this undesirable hanging state of the parachutist without injuring or killing the jumper, or without the aircraft becoming only partially maneuverable or crashing and the planned military operation being affected.

[0006] From DE 10 2008 023 271 A1, it is already known to provide a predetermined breaking point on the pack sack of parachutes for ballistically deployed objects, such as projectiles, etc. The predetermined breaking point is located on one side of the pack sack. On another side of the pack sack, a rope connection to the functional element is provided. The predetermined breaking point is part of a closure device of the pack sack, whereby breaking the predetermined breaking point separates the functional element together with the parachute from the pack sack.

[0007] From DE 448 364, a parachute is known with a parachute canopy arranged in a pack sack when the parachute is unopened. The pack sack has a closure device connected to a lifting line permanently attached to the aircraft. Once the lifting line has stretched after the jump, it acts as a release force on the closure device of the pack sack and opens it. The parachute canopy can then open. Separation between the parachute canopy and the lifting line is achieved by a predetermined breaking point, designed as a tearable cord, located between the parachute canopy and the lifting line.A disadvantage of this known device for parachuting parachutes is that the lifting line cannot fulfill its function of opening the pack if it does not generate the necessary release force. This can happen, for example, if the lifting line wraps around an arm, leg, or torso of the parachutist during the jump. In this case, the release force of the lifting line acts on the parachutist's arm or leg, but not on the pack, which then fails to open. The lifting line can also be incorrectly routed at the locking point, becoming blocked and unable to generate any release force. The consequence of this failure to open is that the parachutist is towed by the aircraft, often with violent, rapid movements, and in the event of spinning, experiences significant centrifugal forces acting upon the parachutist.Furthermore, there is a risk that while the parachutist is hanging from the aircraft, the parachutist's reserve parachute may unintentionally open or be actively but incorrectly opened by the parachutist, which could injure or kill the parachutist.

[0008] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device and method for parachutists jumping from an aircraft in such a way as to increase the functional reliability of its parachute or rescue parachute.

[0009] To solve this problem, the invention in conjunction with the preamble of claim 1 is characterized in that the connecting device has a safety breakaway point which, if the closure device of the pack sack is not triggered, brings the connecting device into the separation state.

[0010] According to the invention, a connecting device between the parachute or pack on one side and the aircraft on the other side has a safety breakaway point, so that separation between the parachute or pack and the aircraft can be effected if the release mechanism for the pack fails to activate via a lifting line. The fundamental idea of ​​the invention is to provide an additional safety breakaway point in every case, ensuring further separation between the parachute or pack and the aircraft. This means that if the release mechanism fails to activate, the lifting line will detach the connecting device, allowing the skydiver to then deploy the parachute or, if necessary, a reserve parachute.This advantageously avoids the parachutist hanging from the aircraft for an extended period, which can result in high inertial forces acting on the jumper, potentially leading to injury or death. Furthermore, it prevents the aircraft from being damaged or crashing due to an opening parachute canopy. According to the invention, the jumper is prevented from being thrown against the aircraft wall from the outside due to their undesirable hanging position on the elevator cable. The invention provides a safety separation virtually at the moment the locking mechanism fails to trigger, ensuring the parachutist lands exactly where they are supposed to with their companions.

[0011] According to a further development of the invention, the safety breakaway point is designed such that the connecting device is only brought into the separation state when a threshold tensile force is exceeded, which leads to the breaking of the safety breakaway point and which is greater than the predetermined release tensile force for the pack bag. Advantageously, this ensures that separation of the parachute from the aircraft by breaking the safety breakaway point does not occur if the pack bag's closure mechanism is properly released by the release tensile force of the lifting line. Advantageously, the safety breakaway point is only effectively activated or broken in an emergency if the release of the closure mechanism by the pull-out force of the lifting line cannot occur.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the safety break point is formed as a seam between two textile parts. The seam, which is formed by sewing two parts to be joined, preferably two parts of the lift cord, is designed such that it breaks or separates when a predetermined threshold tensile force is reached. Preferably, the seam is integrated into the lift cord, so that the handling effort is relatively low.

[0013] In a further development of the invention, the safety breakaway point is arranged at the end of the lifting line facing the aircraft. For example, the safety breakaway point can be located between the end of the lifting line facing the aircraft and a lifting line hook of the connecting device, the lifting line hook being firmly attached to, for example, an anchor cable of the aircraft. Advantageously, this ensures that the connecting device always releases and thus the parachute separates from the aircraft if the closure mechanism of the pack bag fails to open.

[0014] According to a further development of the invention, the safety breakaway point is designed such that the threshold tensile force leading to its failure lies within a suitable range. Advantageously, the weight of the parachutist plus the acceleration forces during the jump are sufficient to exceed the threshold tensile force, thus ensuring the separation of the parachute from the aircraft after the safety breakaway point has failed. The threshold tensile force is preferably set so low that a parachutist hanging from the elevator cable, due to their weight and the acceleration forces acting in the air, generates the necessary threshold tensile force to release the connection to the aircraft.

[0015] According to a further development of the invention, the safety breakaway point comprises an elongated shear element which is rigidly connected at a first end region to a first coupling element force-connected to the elevator rope and at a second end region to a second coupling element rigidly connected to the elevator rope hook. The safety breakaway point can be easily installed between the elevator rope and the elevator rope hook, requiring only one additional fastening point compared to attaching the elevator rope to the elevator rope hook without a safety breakaway point.

[0016] According to a further development of the invention, the predetermined breaking element of the safety predetermined breaking point is plate-shaped and has at least one narrowing and / or material thinning between its first and second end regions. The narrowing and / or material thinning preferably forms the actual breaking point. Thus, a defined break occurs between the two end regions of the predetermined breaking element, to which the coupling elements are attached. Advantageously, this allows for a reliable separation.

[0017] According to a further development of the invention, the safety breakaway point comprises an adapter in which the breakaway element is arranged. Advantageously, this simplifies assembly, as a preferably screw connection can be made at the ends of the adapter by inserting fastening screws through bores in the adapter and the breakaway element. Advantageously, this makes locking the safety breakaway point more user-friendly, as the safety element only needs to be inserted into the adapter.

[0018] According to a further development of the invention, the predetermined breaking point element has an additional bore in the intended breaking area, preferably in the central region of the narrowing. This creates a defined breaking point on the safety element because the material accumulation between the opposing end regions is minimal at this point. Furthermore, a deformation of the bore, for example, a deformation from a circular contour to an ellipsoidal contour in the longitudinal direction of the safety element, indicates wear of the safety element, thus necessitating its replacement.

[0019] According to a further development of the invention, a reserve parachute can be provided which is equipped with an automatic opening device. In this way, it is ensured that if the parachute fails to deploy and becomes detached from the aircraft, the reserve parachute is deployed either by the parachutist or by the automatic opening device, thus safely bringing the parachutist to the designated landing location.

[0020] To solve the problem, the invention has the features of method claim 14.

[0021] The particular advantage of the method according to the invention lies in the fact that the parachute can be quickly and easily separated from the aircraft if deployment is not possible. This advantageously prevents the parachutist from remaining suspended from the aircraft for an extended period, which can lead to undesirable consequences. It also advantageously prevents military operations involving the rapid deployment of multiple parachutists. These operations can continue virtually uninterrupted without any adverse effects on the parachutist or the aircraft. In particular, it avoids the aircraft's limited maneuverability due to the parachutist remaining suspended.The invention avoids the risk of the parachutist being thrown against the aircraft wall from the outside, or of the parachutist being subjected to high g-forces due to rapid movement, which could injure or kill him, or of the parachutist being dragged to death during landing. The invention enables the safe separation of the parachutist from the aircraft regardless of whether the packing bag's locking mechanism is triggered, and preferably even if the locking mechanism is not triggered. Since exceeding the threshold tensile force required to break the safety breakaway point is always achieved when the parachutist is suspended from the lift line under the influence of acceleration forces in the air, the separation of the parachutist occurs automatically.of the parachute from the aircraft immediately after the planned, but failed, release of the pack bag's locking mechanism. If several parachutists jump in quick succession, typically forming a group, the intended jump pattern remains unchanged.

[0022] According to a further development of the invention, the parachutist has a reserve parachute that can be deployed manually or automatically. In this way, a safe landing of the parachutist should always be guaranteed, even if the main parachute cannot be deployed.

[0023] Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the further dependent claims.

[0024] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0025] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a normal jump in which a closure device of a parachute pack is brought into an open state by means of a release force of the lift line, Fig. 2 a schematic representation of an abnormal jump in which the closure device of the pack bag cannot be brought into an open position due to the winding of the lift line around an arm of the parachutist, whereby a separation of the lift line to the aircraft is achieved by means of a safety shear point, Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a safety predetermined breaking point according to a first embodiment, Fig. 4 a schematic top view of a safety predetermined breaking point according to a second embodiment, Fig. 5 a schematic representation of a safety breakaway point integrated into an elevator cable, according to a further embodiment and Fig. 6 a cross-section through a weld joint according to Fig. 5.

[0026] A device according to the invention for parachutists 1 jumping from an aircraft additionally features, compared to known solutions, a safety shear point 3, which is arranged in a connecting device 4 between a parachute 5 (main parachute) and a load-bearing attachment point in the cargo hold of an aircraft 2, for example, an anchor cable 6. The anchor cable 6 is fixedly arranged between two attachment points B of the aircraft 2. Typically, the connecting device 4 serves to connect a pack sack 7 of the parachute 5 and the anchor part 6 of the aircraft 2, wherein, in the unopened state of the parachute 5, the pack sack 7 encloses a canopy 8 of the parachute 5.Normally, when the parachutist 1 jumps from the aircraft 2, the weight of the parachutist 1 causes a lengthening of a lifting line 9 of the connecting device 4, which is several meters long, and the resulting tensile force on the pack sack 7 is referred to as a release tensile force F. AThe packing bag 7 serves as a locking device 10, by means of which the packing bag 7 can be moved from the closed position enclosing the parachute canopy 8 to an open position opening the parachute canopy 8. When the packing bag 7 opens, the parachutist 1, together with the parachute canopy 8, is released or separated from the connecting device 4, so that after the parachute canopy 8 unfolds, he can land safely on the ground. The connecting device 4, together with the packing bag 7, remains connected to the aircraft 2 or to the anchor cable 6 of the aircraft 2. In this way, parachutists 1, attached to the same anchor cable 6, can jump from the aircraft 2 one after the other.

[0027] The safety shear point 3 according to the invention is designed such that it fails during the normal jump of the parachutist 1 according to Fig. 1 does not trigger or break. The connecting device 4, consisting of the lift rope 9, the safety shear pin 3 and a lift rope hook 11 attached to the anchor rope 6, can therefore be reused for the next parachutist 1.

[0028] In the present embodiment, the safety breakaway point 3 is arranged on the end of the lift rope 9 facing the aircraft 2. As shown from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 3, the safety shear point 3 comprises an elongated shear element 12, which is fixedly connected to the lift rope 9 at a first end region 13 and to the lift rope hook 11 at a second end region 14 on a side facing away from the lift rope 9. The shear element 12 is plate-shaped and has at least one tapered section 15, so that controlled stretching and breaking can occur between the first end region 13 and the second end region 14 of the shear element 12.

[0029] Alternatively or additionally, the predetermined breaking element 12 can also have a material thinning in the middle area, i.e. in an area between the first end area 13 and the second end area 14, by which the breaking point is defined.

[0030] According to an alternative embodiment Fig. Figure 4 shows that a predetermined breaking element 12', depicted as a dashed line, can be detachably arranged in an adapter 16. The adapter 16 can be formed by two cover plates 17, between which the predetermined breaking element 12' is held in the assembled position. The cover plates 17 of the adapter 16 and the predetermined breaking element 12' each have aligned first bores 18 in a first end region 19 and second bores 20 in a second end region 21 of the respective elongated predetermined breaking element 12' and adapter 16. While the adapter plates 17 are arranged essentially rectangularly, the predetermined breaking element 12' has a narrowing 22 in a central region, in which the breaking point of the predetermined breaking element 12' is located. In this width reduction 22, the predetermined breaking element 12' has a central bore 23 which aligns with a central bore 24 of the adapter 16.Advantageously, the condition of the predetermined breaking element 12' can be visually assessed. If this fracture tapering 22 has already stretched longitudinally before a break, this would be indicated by a change in the central bore 24 from a circular contour to an elongated, ellipsoidal contour. In this case, there is a risk that the resulting safety predetermined breaking point 3 will trigger prematurely. This can be remedied by replacing the predetermined breaking element 12'.

[0031] To connect the shear pin 12' to the adapter 16, or to the hoist line 9 and the hoist line hook 11, a fastening screw 25 is provided in the first end region 19 of the adapter 16. This screw extends through the first bores 18 and is secured by a nut (not shown) on the other side. A clamp 26 is provided between the head of the fastening screw 25 and the cover plate 17 of the adapter 16 as a first coupling element. This clamp connects the shear pin 12', or the adapter 16, to the hoist line 9 in the first end region 19. Similarly, another fastening screw 25 is inserted through the bore and connected to the nut in the opposite second end region 21. A further clamp 27 serves as a second coupling element 27 for connecting the adapter 16, or safety element, to the hoist line hook 11.By actuating the fastening means 25, a force-transmitting connection can be achieved between the pull-out rope 9 and the adapter 16 or the safety element on one side and the lifting rope hook 11 to the adapter 16 or predetermined breaking element 12' on the other side.

[0032] According to an alternative embodiment of the invention (not shown), the lift rope 9 itself can also have an end that serves as a safety breakaway point 3. In this case, an additional component for the safety breakaway point 3 can be omitted.

[0033] Is the normal case of a parachutist jump 1 according to Fig. As the parachutist falls, the lift line 9 automatically extends. When the lift line 9 is in an extended state, it generates a pulling force or release force F. Aon the locking device 10 of the pack sack 7 (not shown in detail), so that the locking device 10 is moved into an open position in which the parachute canopy is released for deployment, so that the parachutist 1 is lowered to the ground by the open parachute canopy 8. It is assumed that the parachutist 1 has the pack sack 7 on his back with the parachute canopy 8 arranged inside it, and a reserve parachute 28 on his front.

[0034] If the parachutist 1's jump does not proceed as planned and a malfunction occurs in which the required release force F is not reached AIf the locking device 10 of the pack sack 7 cannot act, for example because the lifting line 9 wraps around an arm 29 of the parachutist 1, the parachutist 1 would remain suspended by the lifting line 9 and be carried along by the aircraft 2. The parachute canopy 8 would not open automatically. The locking device 10 would not be activated and would remain in the connected state.

[0035] In order for the parachutist 1 or the parachute 5 to separate from the aircraft 2, the safety shear point 3 breaks and brings the connecting device 4 into a separation state when the threshold tensile force F required to break the safety shear point 3 is reached. S exerted and / or exceeded by the lift rope 9. The threshold tensile force F SThe breaking point is defined by the predetermined breaking element 12, 12' and lies within the appropriate range. It can be below or within the range of the weight of the parachutist 1, or slightly above it. At the safety breaking point 3, at least the weight of the parachutist 1 acts when suspended, as well as further forces resulting from the oscillation, which in total are greater than the predetermined threshold tensile force F. S .

[0036] Preferably the threshold tensile force F S greater than the release force F A , so that in a normal, trouble-free jump according to Fig. 1 the safety shear point 3 is not activated or does not lead to the separation of the elevator cable 9 to the aircraft 2.

[0037] Since, if the pack 7 is not deployed, a tensile force of at least the threshold tensile force Fs acts on the safety shear pin 3, the safety shear pin 3 breaks immediately after at least part of the lifting line 9 is stretched. The parachutist 1 is now separated from the aircraft 2 and falls in free fall. He can now manually activate the reserve parachute 28 to open it. Alternatively, the reserve parachute 28 can have an automatic opening mechanism that opens the reserve parachute 28 depending on the parachutist 1's current altitude and / or his falling speed. After the reserve parachute 28 has opened, he can land safely at the designated location.

[0038] Preferably, the predetermined breaking element 12, 12' is made of a metal material. The adapter plates 17 are also preferably made of a metal material.

[0039] According to an alternative embodiment of the invention (not shown), an outer packaging bag or parachute container is arranged around the pack sack 7. The outer packaging bag also has a closure device that is coupled to the lifting line 9, so that the release force F A The lifting cord 9 opens both the outer packaging bag and the actual packing bag 7.

[0040] An incorrect arrangement of the functional elements on the outer packaging bag or on the parachute container can also be a reason for the parachutist getting stuck on the aircraft.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the invention not shown, the predetermined breaking element consists of a textile material, in particular a textile band, which is preferably elongated.

[0042] For example, the material thinning of the predetermined breaking point has a notch, a perforation, or a scoring mark. The perforation preferably runs transversely or longitudinally along the predetermined breaking point, or transversely or longitudinally along the release tensile force or the extended lifting cable 9. Preferably, the predetermined breaking point is made of a metal material. Alternatively, it can be made of a plastic or plastic composite material.

[0043] According to a further embodiment of the invention according to the Fig. 5 and Fig.6 The safety breakaway point 3 is formed by a seam 32, which in the present embodiment is integrated next to the lift rope 9. The seam 32 is located in an area close to the free end of the lift rope 9 or to the lift rope hook 11, so that the triggering of the safety breakaway point 3 or the separation of the connecting device 4 occurs in an area close to the lift rope hook 11. The seam 32 is formed by a seam between two textile parts 33, 34, namely a first textile part 33 of the lift rope 9 and a second textile part 34 of the same lift rope 9. These two textile parts 33, 34 are connected to each other at their free ends by one or more threads 35 such that when the threshold tensile force F is reached, S in the longitudinal direction of the elevator rope 9 this seam connection 32 breaks.

[0044] The elevator rope 9 can be a conventional elevator rope that is separated at the seam and then repeatedly joined together by one or more threads 35 in stitches so that the connecting device and thus the safety break point 3 is triggered or separated when the specified threshold tensile force Fs is reached.

[0045] Advantageously, this creates a simple and long-term stable safety breakaway point 3, which is integrated into the elevator rope 9.

[0046] According to an alternative embodiment of the invention not shown, the seam connection 32 can also be formed by an additional textile or non-textile predetermined breaking element, which is arranged as an adapter between the lifting rope 9 and the lifting rope hook 11. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 3 386 861 A1

[0004] DE 10 2008 023 271 A1

[0006] DE 448 364

[0007]

Claims

[1] Device for parachutists (1) jumping from an aircraft (2), wherein the parachutist (1) wears a parachute (5) which has a parachute canopy (8) and a pack bag (7) enclosing the canopy (8) in the unopened state of the parachute (5), with a connecting device (4) having a lifting line (9) between the parachute (5) and the aircraft (2), which in a connected state in which the parachute (5) is in an unopened state forms a fixed connection between the parachute (5) and the aircraft (2) and which in a disconnected state forms a separation between the parachute (5) and the aircraft (2), the pack bag (7) having a closing device (10) which is opened by generating a predetermined release force (F) A ) can be brought into an open position by means of the lifting line (9), in which the parachute canopy is released from the pack bag (7) for unfolding the same, characterized by, that the connecting device (4) has a safety break point (3) which, if the locking device (10) of the pack sack (7) is not triggered, brings the connecting device (4) into the separation state. [2] Device according to claim 1, characterized by , that the safety break point (3) is designed such that the connecting device (4) is brought into the separation state when a threshold tensile force (F) acting on the safety break point (3) is exceeded S ), which is greater than the release pull force (F A ). [3] Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the safety break point (3) is integrated into the lift rope (9) or is arranged between an end of the lift rope (9) and a lift rope hook (11) of the connecting device (4), wherein the lift rope hook (11) is attached to a fixed attachment point (B) on the aircraft (2). [4] Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the threshold tensile force (F S ) is in the appropriate range. [5] Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by , that the connecting device (4) comprises the lift rope (9), the safety breakaway point (3) and the lift rope hook (11), wherein the lift rope hook (11) is movably held on a fastening, in particular on an anchor line (9), of the aircraft (2). [6] Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by , that the safety predetermined breaking point (3) is formed by a seam connection (32) between two textile parts (33, 34), wherein the seam connection (32) is designed such that it breaks upon reaching the threshold tensile force (F S ) breaks. [7] Device according to claim 6, characterized by, that the textile parts (33, 34) which are connected to each other via the seam connection (32) are parts of the lift rope (9). [8] Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by , that the safety predetermined breaking point (3) preferably has an elongated predetermined breaking element (12, 12') which is firmly connected at a first end region (13) to a first coupling element (26) which is firmly connected to the lift rope (9) and which is firmly connected at a second end region (14) to a second coupling element (27) which is firmly connected to the lift rope hook (11). [9] Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by , that the predetermined breaking element (12, 12') has a narrowing in width and / or a thinning of the material which preferably extends between the first end region (13) and the second end region (14) of the predetermined breaking element (12, 12'), or that the predetermined breaking element is made of a textile material. [10] Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by , that the predetermined breaking element (12') is detachably arranged in an adapter (16) via fastening means (25), wherein the coupling elements (26, 27) for connecting the predetermined breaking element (12') to the lift rope (9) and the lift rope hook (11) are provided on the fastening means (25). [11] Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by , that the predetermined breaking element (12') has a bore (23) in a specified breaking area. [12] Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by , that a reserve parachute (28) is provided with an automatic opening device which opens the reserve parachute (28) depending on an altitude and / or a falling speed of the parachutist (1). [13] Safety break point for a device according to any one of claims 1 to 12. [14] Method for parachutists (1) jumping from an aircraft (2) at low altitude, wherein a closure device (10) of a pack bag (7) of the parachute (5) can be brought into an opening position releasing a parachute canopy (8) by means of a release force generated by a connecting device (4), characterized by , that after the parachutist (1) has jumped, the connecting device (4) is brought into a separation state, unless the locking device (10) of the pack bag (7) has been brought into the open position by the connecting device (4). [15] Method according to claim 14, characterized by , that after the connecting device (4) is brought into the separation state, a reserve parachute (28) attached to the parachutist (1) is automatically opened. [16] Method according to claim 14, characterized by, that the reserve parachute (28) is opened depending on the current altitude and / or current falling speed of the parachutist (1).

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