Use of a cable gland

Abstract

The present invention relates to a use of a cable gland (1) which has a bushing (2) and a sleeve (3) made of an elastomer material, wherein - the cable gland (1) is inserted into a passage opening (101) in such a way that the sleeve (3) is arranged in a mounting position axially outside the passage opening (101), and - the feedthrough sleeve (2) is secured in this mounting position by introducing a initially flowable filling substance (70) into an annular space (10) between the feedthrough sleeve (2) and the jamb (102) of the passage opening (101), which then expands and hardens in the passage opening (101), and - the cuff (3) seals radially inwards towards a line (200) laid through the feedthrough sleeve (2).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to the use of a cable gland for installation in a wall or floor element of a building.

[0002] During installation, the cable gland is inserted into a penetration opening and secured within it. This penetration opening can be a borehole, such as a core drill hole. Such a hole can be subsequently created in an existing wall or floor element, for example, when retrofitting a building to a utility network or connecting a supply unit to the building.

[0003] The present invention is based on the technical problem of specifying an advantageous use or routing as the object of use.

[0004] This is solved by the cable gland and its use according to claim 1. The cable gland comprises a bushing and a sleeve, wherein the cable gland or bushing is inserted into the opening such that the sleeve protrudes axially. In this position (“mounting position”), the bushing and thus the cable gland are secured by introducing a filler substance into an annular space between the bushing and the bore of the opening. This filler substance is initially flowable, then expands and hardens.

[0005] In other words, the sleeve, which is made of elastomer material, is secured in the opening by foaming it in place. The sleeve can then be used to seal a pipe that passes through the sleeve before or after the foaming process. The sleeve forms a seal against the pipe running through the sleeve, either against the pipe itself or against an additional component (e.g., an end cap). It can be pressed inwards to create a seal, for example, using a clamp. Foaming in this way achieves a secure and watertight seal against the reveal, even with varying wall or floor material compositions (clay, stone, brick, etc.). The sleeve, which provides a radial inward seal, offers flexibility, for example, for replacing the pipe or for sealing different pipe types.As discussed in detail below, the sleeve can be pressed either against the cable itself or against an end piece used for further assembly / fastening of the cable, so different cables can be mounted with the same foamed cable gland depending on the cable type.

[0006] The opening and pipe penetration can preferably be used to connect a heat pump (e.g., air-to-water heat pump) or heat exchanger structure (e.g., geothermal probe or ground collector) located outside the building. At least two fluid lines can be routed through it, for example, for flow and return, as well as optionally an electrical cable (and possibly other cables, e.g., for data, etc.). These individual lines can be provided in the form of a monoblock pipe, meaning they can be combined within a common protective pipe (the remaining interior of which can be insulated, e.g., with foam).

[0007] The existing pipe penetration can be used to guide such a monoblock pipe through it; the sleeve can therefore seal against the outer wall surface of the protective pipe. With alternative designs or installation techniques, however, the pipes are individually routed through the pipe penetration, in which case the sleeve can be used to accommodate an end piece. The pipe(s) can then be routed or run through this end piece, and the interior space enclosed by the end piece can be additionally filled with expanding foam, as detailed below.

[0008] In summary, there are various installation methods, and the present cable gland can accommodate both monoblock pipes and individual cables. The cable gland creates a defined interface to the wall or floor element, and the cable(s) can be positioned within the gland when the grommet is foamed in place, or they can be inserted subsequently.

[0009] Preferred embodiments can be found in the dependent claims and the entire disclosure, which always relates to aspects of use as well as of methods and devices; at least implicitly, the disclosure is to be read with regard to all claim categories.

[0010] The cuff is made of elastomeric material, where "elastomeric material" in this disclosure generally refers to a plastic with elastic properties. Its Shore hardness (Shore A) can be, for example, at most 90 Shore, 80 Shore, 75 Shore, or 70 Shore, and (independently thereof) at least 20 Shore, 25 Shore, 30 Shore, 35 Shore, or 40 Shore. It can be, for example, a rubber material, preferably a synthetic rubber such as EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer, M group). However, it can also be, for example, a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) or a silicone-based material, such as silicone rubber or silicone elastomer.

[0011] The bushing can be rotationally or, preferably, rotationally symmetrical about its central axis. In the installed position, the central axis of the bushing can coincide with a longitudinal axis of the opening, about which longitudinal axis, for example, the reveal of the opening is rotationally or, preferably, rotationally symmetrical. Terms such as "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," as well as their corresponding directions ("axial direction," etc.), refer, unless otherwise specified, to the central axis of the bushing, in particular the section thereof located within the opening. "Inside" and "outside," unless expressly stated otherwise, refer to the radial direction; thus, an inner or inner wall surface faces, for example, the central axis of the bushing and / or the longitudinal axis of the opening, while an outer or outer wall surface faces away from it.

[0012] The filler is preferably designed to expand after being introduced, i.e., to increase in volume. It is still fluid during introduction, but its flowability decreases as it hardens (i.e., its viscosity increases). A resin, such as a two-component expanding resin, e.g., polyurethane-based, is preferably used as the filler.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one inner wall surface of the sleeve, viewed in a longitudinal section, is provided with several projections that extend radially inwards and are arranged axially consecutively (the longitudinal section can include a central axis of the sleeve, which can, for example, coincide with the central axis of the bushing). Preferably, the projections can each be completely enclosed. With a correspondingly designed sleeve, a good seal can be achieved, for example, against a pipe with a corrugated outer wall surface, such as a corrugated pipe or composite corrugated pipe. The projections can also provide axial fixation and thus pull-out protection, at least when the sleeve is compressed.

[0014] The axial distance between two adjacent protrusions can be, for example, 0.5 cm, 0.8 cm, or 1 cm, with possible upper limits of, for example, a maximum of 5 cm, 4 cm, or 3 cm. The sleeve can have a total of, for example, at least 2, 3, or 4 protrusions, which can provide good support and a seal; possible upper limits can be a maximum of 15 or 10 protrusions, which can be advantageous, for example, with regard to routing the cable.

[0015] Generally, only the inner wall surface of the sleeve can be structured accordingly, while the radially opposite outer wall surface, viewed in axial section, can be smooth, i.e., have a straight profile. Preferably, however, the outer wall surface is shaped with protrusions corresponding to the inner wall surface (each projecting radially outwards), at least in one axial section. In other words, one wall of the sleeve, at least in one axial section, has a corrugated profile when viewed longitudinally. This can provide some flexibility and is particularly advantageous with regard to large and therefore relatively rigid pipes / conduits.

[0016] A particularly preferred embodiment is one in which the outer wall surface is smooth in longitudinal section, at least in one axial section where a clamping device (e.g., clamping collar) is or will be attached. A further preferred embodiment is one in which the outer wall surface of the sleeve is corrugated in another axial section, as described above.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the outer wall surface of the conduit, viewed in longitudinal section, is formed with axially successive protrusions and depressions. Generally, the outer wall surface or conduit can also be designed as a spiral tube, meaning that the outer wall surface as a whole can have a spirally circumferential protrusion. Preferably, the outer wall surface or conduit is designed as a corrugated tube, and the axially successive protrusions and depressions are each closed. This can be combined with a sleeve as described above, wherein, in the installed state, the protrusions formed on the inner wall surface of the sleeve each lie in a depression of the outer wall surface.

[0018] A corrugated outer wall surface can be used for both monoblock conduits and protective conduits designed as conduits through which individual cables are routed. The combination with the feedthrough sleeve foamed into the opening can be advantageous, for example, because the feedthrough sleeve creates a defined inner wall surface in addition to securing the sleeve. This can simplify the process of threading the corrugated outer wall surface through (reduce tangling), for example, during initial installation or subsequent maintenance.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the bushing is made of a material that is harder than the elastomer. The harder material can be advantageous, for example, with regard to cable routing, such as having lower static friction than the elastomer. Generally, the bushing can also be made of metal; however, a hard plastic is preferred. The bushing can, for example, have a higher Shore hardness than the elastomer.

[0020] In general, a “hard plastic” can, for example, have a Shore hardness (D) of at least 40 Shore, more preferably at least 45 Shore or at least 50 Shore; possible upper limits can, for example, be at most 100 Shore, more preferably at most 90 Shore or at most 80 Shore (D in each case).

[0021] The bushing, made of a harder material, and the sleeve can nevertheless be formed as a single piece, meaning they cannot be separated without damage. For example, they can be manufactured as a multi-component injection-molded part; the sleeve, as a soft component, can be injection-molded onto the bushing, as a hard component. Alternatively, the two parts can be assembled and joined as previously manufactured components, for example, by a material bond (e.g., by bonding, vulcanization, or friction welding).

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, the conduit has an outer diameter of at least 8 cm, more preferably at least 9 cm or at least 10 cm. In other words, the conduit has a comparatively large diameter, especially compared to a conduit for data cables. The sleeve nevertheless provides a defined and controllable seal to the conduit (which can be, for example, a monoblock tube or a protective tube, see above). Particularly due to the large diameter and thus circumference, moving the sealing surface away from the opening can be advantageous, as this allows for accessibility and visual inspection.One advantage of the feedthrough sleeve, especially if it is made of a harder material (see above), is that friction can be particularly relevant with large diameters and thus large surfaces.

[0023] Possible upper limits for the outer diameter of the pipe could be, for example, 25 cm, 20 cm, or 15 cm. In the case of an outer wall surface with protrusions and depressions, its maximum diameter is considered; that is, the diameter is measured at the protrusions. Generally, referring to a diameter does not necessarily imply a circular shape, but rather the term refers to an average of the smallest and largest dimensions (in a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis); in the preferred case of a circular cross-section, this corresponds to the diameter of the circle.

[0024] The feedthrough sleeve may preferably have an inner diameter of at least 10 cm, with further lower limits of at least 12 cm, 14 cm or 15 cm possible (and possible upper limits of e.g. at most 30 cm or 25 cm).

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the conduit is a monoblock pipe, as shown above. This can be a protective conduit containing several individual conduits, with the remaining interior space of the protective conduit being filled with insulation, in particular completely filled. The insulation can, for example, be in the form of a foamed material. In the case of the monoblock pipe, the individual conduits and the insulation can already be arranged within the protective conduit when it is passed through the opening and / or pushed through the conduit penetration.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve is pressed radially inwards by an attached clamping element. The clamping element thus sits on the outer surface of the sleeve and presses its inner surface against it, e.g., against the outer surface of the pipe or against an end piece (see below for details).

[0027] The clamping element can encircle the sleeve in a ring-like shape, with the pressure being achieved by a reduction in the diameter of the clamping element. This can be, for example, a clamping ring or clamp, but more generally also a cable tie.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, the pipe is foamed into the bushing, meaning that a space bounded by the pipe and the bushing is at least partially, and preferably completely, filled by introducing a flowable filler substance that then expands. This preferably occurs after the pipe bushing has been installed in the opening, i.e., after the bushing has been foamed into the wall or floor element. In other words, filler substance is first introduced into the space radially outside the bushing (between the outer surface of the bushing and the reveal) to secure the pipe bushing, before filler substance is introduced into the interior space traversed by the pipe(s) in a subsequent step. Separate injection channels, each opening into one of the spaces, can be provided for this purpose.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, a first end piece is arranged in the sleeve when the filling material is introduced into the interior, which axially seals the interior. This end piece can have one or more through-openings, each traversed by a line. The lines can be installed after the line penetration has been foamed and before the interior has been filled with foam; for example, at least two fluid lines (supply and return) and optionally an electrical cable and / or a conduit or conduits.

[0030] When foaming the interior, the flowable filling material can adhere directly to the fluid lines, but alternatively, these can also be encased in insulation. In other words, an insulated sleeve can be placed on each individual line, e.g., a fluid line, to which the filling material adheres.

[0031] The first end piece can, for example, be made of a rigid plastic; see the above information regarding further material details. Alternatively, a foamed plastic material is also possible, e.g., foamed polypropylene, in particular expanded polypropylene. The foamed plastic material can, for example, have a bulk density (also called geometric density or specific gravity) of no more than 300 kg / m³. 3 , 200 kg / m 3 , 150 kg / m 3 or 100 kg / m² 3 have, with possible (independent) lower limits of e.g. at least 15 kg / m² 3 , 20 kg / m 3 or 25 kg / m² 3 .

[0032] As mentioned at the beginning, one advantage is that the cable gland with sleeve is suitable for routing and sealing integrated pipe types (monoblock pipes) with correspondingly large outer diameters. However, with the identical cable gland and the first end piece, individual pipes can also be installed and, thanks to the foam filling, simultaneously sealed and insulated.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the cuff is pressed radially inwards against the first end piece by means of an attached clamping element during the introduction of the filler material; see above for further details. Preferably, the clamping element remains on the cuff even after the filler material has hardened.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the interior is sealed in both axial directions by a sealing piece when the filling substance is introduced. A first sealing piece can be located in the sleeve (see front) and a second sealing piece, for example, at the opposite axial end of the feedthrough sleeve. The second sealing piece can be held in the feedthrough sleeve, for example, by an interference fit; alternatively or additionally, a positive fit is also possible. Specifically, the second sealing piece can be held in the feedthrough sleeve, for example, by a bayonet mechanism, i.e., inserted and locked by a rotational movement.

[0035] Regardless of these details, the second end piece preferably remains in the feedthrough sleeve after foaming, which applies analogously to the first end piece.

[0036] The second end piece can also be provided with one or more through-openings, each traversed by a cable. Regardless of whether it is the first and / or second end piece, such a through-opening can be initially closed, for example with an inserted plug or a blanking plate integral to the rest of the end piece, whereby the through-opening is opened before or when the respective cable is inserted. Combinations are also possible; one or more through-openings can be initially open (e.g., for flow and return lines), while another through-opening (or openings) is initially closed and can be opened as needed (e.g., for an electrical cable).

[0037] The second end piece can generally be designed as a single piece, or monolithic, with the bushing. At its end opposite the sleeve, it can, for example, be provided with a sealing wall that forms one or more through-openings (for individual pipes). As mentioned, these through-openings can be initially closed and then reopened. Alternatively or additionally, the sealing wall can be completely removable, for example, via a predetermined breaking point towards the bushing, in order to make essentially the entire cross-section usable when installing a monoblock pipe.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, a flange is provided axially between the sleeve and the feedthrough sleeve. Preferably, at least one layer of the flange is formed from an elastomeric material (see above regarding possible material details); this elastomeric layer can, for example, be combined with a butyl layer. The flange can create a seal against a side wall surface of the wall or floor element, for example, by being bonded over a large area using the butyl layer (and / or pressed on, see below). Preferably, the flange, or at least one elastomeric layer thereof, can be formed monolithically with the sleeve, i.e., both are formed together from the same elastomeric material.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the flange part is pressed against the side surface of the wall or base element by a pressure element, for example, with individual screws or, preferably, with a clamping ring (which can be screwed to the wall or base element). The clamping ring can be segmented or completely closed. Regardless of its geometry, it can be made of a hard plastic or, preferably, of metal. Preferably, the elastomer layer for pressing with the pressure element can have a certain minimum thickness in the axial direction, for example, at least 0.4 cm, 0.5 cm, or 0.6 cm (with possible upper limits of, for example, a maximum of 2 cm, 1.5 cm, or 1 cm).

[0040] This allows for a stable fixation, which can also provide strain relief, especially in conjunction with the monolithic design with the sleeve. This can, particularly with large pipe diameters, reduce axial and rotational stress at the interface to the through-hole, thus providing mechanical relief to the filling material radially outside the bushing (and thus, for example, preventing impairment of its sealing function).

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the cable gland has a mounting sleeve arranged radially outside the bushing. The filling substance is introduced into a filling volume formed radially between the bushing and the mounting sleeve, and can then exit radially outwards (towards the reveal) through outlet openings in the mounting sleeve. These outlet openings can be initially open, or they can open, for example, only under the pressure of the expanding filling substance. The mounting sleeve can be rigid, such as in the form of a grid, or flexible. In particular, it can be an elastomer sleeve that expands towards the reveal under the pressure of the filling substance. The filling substance can then exit through openings, such as slots, provided in the elastomer sleeve.Whether rigid or elastic, the mounting sleeve can initially hold the filler material together after insertion, i.e., in a state of relatively low viscosity, thus preventing uncontrolled runoff (e.g., in hollow chambers of a brick wall).

[0042] A preferred embodiment relates to a compression seal inserted into the feedthrough sleeve. This seal can generally also serve as a blanking plug, but preferably it seals one or more individual lines relative to the feedthrough sleeve. The compression seal can also generally be used as a second end piece, as described above, which axially limits an interior space for the introduction of a filling substance. Preferably, however, when using the compression seal, the interior of the feedthrough sleeve is not separately filled with foam; instead, the compression seal seals the line(s) to the feedthrough sleeve.

[0043] The combination of a foamed-in bushing and a compression seal can be advantageous, for example, because the former creates a defined interface (even if the reveal is affected by inclusions or cavities, etc.). This provides a defined surface for sealing with the compression seal, which also serves as a reliable and reversibly tensionable / releasable sealant. This allows, for example, the subsequent installation of an additional pipe (the compression seal can be temporarily loosened and then re-tensioned).

[0044] For sealing, the compression seal has an elastomer body that is clamped by a clamping device and thus pressed against the bushing to create a seal, for example, radially outwards. The clamping of the elastomer body and the resulting radial pressure can also, for example, cause additional pressure on the foamed-in sealing sleeve, consequently also pressing the filler material against the bore of the through-hole (thus reinforcing the sealing function).

[0045] To clamp the elastomer body, which is made of elastomeric material, compression elements are preferably arranged axially on both sides of it. These elements are moved axially towards each other by tightening a clamping bolt, typically several clamping bolts arranged circumferentially. As a result, the elastomer body positioned between them is axially compressed and radially pressed against the bushing, sealing it inwards and, in the case of a pipe passing through it, radially inwards against the pipe.

[0046] The feedthrough sleeve with integrated compression seal can be of interest in combination with a cable gland with a sleeve, but also independently. The sleeve can be used, for example, to connect a protective conduit in which the cable(s) are routed, e.g., underground. Alternatively, the compression seal in the feedthrough sleeve can also be of interest without a sleeve; therefore, the following should also be disclosed: Use of a cable gland comprising a bushing through which a cable can be passed along a central axis of the bushing, for installation in a through-opening in a wall or floor element of a building, wherein - the cable gland is inserted into the passage opening in such a way that the bushing is positioned in the passage opening, and - the feedthrough sleeve is secured in this mounting position by introducing a initially flowable filling substance into an annular space between the feedthrough sleeve and the reveal of the passage opening, which then expands and hardens in the passage opening, and - wherein a compression seal is or is arranged in the feedthrough sleeve, with which a seal is preferably provided radially outwards against the feedthrough sleeve and further preferably radially inwards against a line (e.g. single line). However, combinations with other embodiments disclosed herein are possible; in particular, the feedthrough sleeve can be equipped with a flanged section that seals against a side surface of the wall or floor element (see above). The installation of the feedthrough sleeve and the sealing against the side surface can thus be carried out, for example, within the same trade, which can reduce coordination efforts and potential sources of error.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment, which can be a particular alternative to a compression seal, a system cover is inserted into the feedthrough sleeve. In the installed position, this cover can be held axially in the feedthrough sleeve in a form-fitting manner, for example, by means of a rotary mechanism, in particular a bayonet mechanism. For this purpose, corresponding projections and contours can be provided on an inner wall surface of the feedthrough sleeve and an outer wall surface of the system cover. Additionally, a sealing element can be compressed when the system cover is locked in place, which seals the system cover relative to the feedthrough sleeve.

[0048] The foamed-in bushing with system cover can be of interest in conjunction with the sleeve (and a protective tube inside it), but also independently. It should also be disclosed: Use of a cable gland comprising a bushing through which a cable can be passed along a central axis of the bushing, for installation in a through-opening in a wall or floor element of a building, wherein - the cable gland is inserted into the passage opening in such a way that the bushing is positioned in the passage opening, and - the feedthrough sleeve is secured in this mounting position by introducing a initially flowable filling substance into an annular space between the feedthrough sleeve and the reveal of the passage opening, which then expands and hardens in the passage opening, - and wherein a system cover is or is arranged in the feedthrough sleeve, which is axially positively locked in the feedthrough sleeve, preferably via a rotary mechanism, in particular a bayonet mechanism

[0049] In the assembled state, a pipe can pass through the system cover and be sealed relative to it. For this purpose, the system cover can, for example, have an elastomeric sleeve through which the pipe passes, which is additionally pressed into place with a clamping device, e.g., a clamp. Preferably, the relative seal can be achieved using a heat-shrink tube which, when shrunk on, forms a tight seal against the pipe, with cold shrinking being particularly preferred.

[0050] According to a preferred embodiment, a heat pump or a heat exchanger structure of a heat pump is connected to the pipe on the outside of the building (see the introductory remarks). With regard to this application, an advantage of the present pipe penetration can be that it can be fitted with different pipes or individual pipes as required, thus offering the installer on site a flexible and simple solution.

[0051] The invention also relates to a cable penetration arrangement with a cable penetration disclosed herein, which is installed in a through-opening in a wall or floor element of a building. The cable penetration preferably has a sleeve and is installed such that the sleeve protrudes from the through-opening. More preferably, the cable penetration arrangement includes a cable which is routed through the cable penetration, the sleeve sealing radially inwards against the cable, e.g., against the cable itself or against an end piece. Brief description of the drawings

[0052] The invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments, whereby the individual features within the scope of the dependent claims may also be essential to the invention in other combinations and no further distinction is made in detail between the different claim categories.

[0053] In detail, it shows Fig. 1a a cable penetration with feedthrough sleeve and sleeve in a through-hole in a wall element; Fig. 1b the cable routing according to Fig. 1a with a cable laid therein; Fig. 2 a monoblock pipe to illustrate a possible pipe type; Fig. 3a a cable gland with inserted end pieces; Fig. 3b the cable routing according to Fig. 3a with individual lines passing through and foam-filled interior Fig. 4 an elastomeric part of a pipe penetration, which forms a sleeve and flange part; Fig. 5a a cable gland with a single cable passing through it and a compression seal inserted into the bushing; Fig. 5b a modified configuration of the setup according to Fig. 5a; Fig. 6a a cable gland with a single cable passing through it and a system cover inserted into the gland sleeve; Fig. 6b a modified configuration to Fig. 6a. Preferred embodiment of the invention

[0054] Fig. Figure 1a shows a cable gland 1 comprising a bushing 2 and a sleeve 3. A flange part 4 is provided at an axial position between the bushing 2 and the sleeve 3, which has a layer 4a made of an elastomeric material. The layer 4a of the flange part 4 and the sleeve 3 are monolithically formed from the same elastomeric material; see also [reference]. Fig. 4 in detail.

[0055] In the present example, the feedthrough sleeve 2 is a rigid plastic tube that is rotationally symmetrical about a central axis 20. An elastomeric part 30, which forms, among other things, the sleeve 3, is bonded to the feedthrough sleeve 2. An annular end piece 15 is attached to an axially opposite end of the feedthrough sleeve 2, in this case bonded, and together with the elastomeric part 30, it supports a mounting sleeve 16.

[0056] This is provided in the form of a relatively thin-walled and flexible elastomer sheath. A filling volume 11 is formed radially between the feedthrough sleeve 2 and the mounting sleeve 16, which, in this example, largely fills an annular space 10 formed radially between the feedthrough sleeve 2 and a reveal 102. A filling substance (not shown) is introduced into the filling volume 11 via an injection channel 12, which is only schematically indicated. The filling substance, e.g., a two-component resin (e.g., polyurethane foam), is initially flowable, then increases in volume and hardens. It can exit towards the reveal 102 through openings in the mounting sleeve 16 (not shown here), thus creating a fixation and seal.

[0057] A wall element 100 is shown here, into which a passage opening 101, bounded by the reveal 102, has been introduced, e.g., as a core drill hole. Foaming the feedthrough sleeve 2 creates a defined surface, namely on the inner wall surface 2.1 of the feedthrough sleeve 2. Foaming the feedthrough sleeve 2 also secures the integrally formed sleeve 3. The sleeve 3, in turn, serves to fasten and seal the connection to the pipe; its inner wall surface 3.1 is formed with several axially successive protrusions 31.

[0058] The radially opposite outer wall surface 3.2 is correspondingly curved in sections and smooth in an end axial section. A clamping device 50 is arranged there for pressing the sleeve 3 against it; in this example, a clamping clamp 51. For fastening and sealing to a side surface 100.1 of the wall element 100, the flange 4 is additionally pressed against it.

[0059] For this purpose, a pressure element 60 is provided, which in the present example is designed as a circumferential clamping ring 61. The clamping ring 61 is screwed to the wall element 100 with screws (not shown here).

[0060] Fig. 1b shows the cable entry 1 according to Fig. Figure 1a illustrates further details of the assembly. The filling substance 70 fills the filling volume 11, or the entire annular space 10, towards the reveal 102. A cable 200 is routed through the feedthrough sleeve 2. This cable has an outer wall surface 210 provided with axially successive ridges 201 and recesses 202. The protrusions 31 of the sleeve 3 come to rest in the recesses 202 of the outer wall surface 210. By tightening the clamping device 50, the sleeve 3 can be pressed further into place, thus creating a seal and preventing it from being pulled out.

[0061] The Fig. Figures 1a and 1b can represent an assembly sequence: first, the cable gland 1 can be installed in the opening 101 before the cable 200 is fed through it. Alternatively, the cable gland 1 can also be fitted onto the cable 200 beforehand, and then the cable and cable gland 1 can be placed together in the opening 101.

[0062] Fig. Figure 2 shows a conduit 200 and illustrates further details. This example is a monoblock conduit 205 in which a single conduit 225 or conduits 225 are grouped together in a protective conduit 220 and insulated with insulation 228 towards the protective conduit 220. In this case, the single conduits 225 are two fluid conduits 226, namely for the flow and return of a heat pump, as well as two empty conduits 227 for optional cable routing (electrical or data).

[0063] Fig. Figure 3a shows a cable penetration 1, which is analogous to the description of the Fig. 1a,b is placed in the through-opening 101 and secured with the filling substance 70 and the pressure element 60. Generally, within the scope of this disclosure, the same reference numerals denote the same parts or parts with a comparable function, and reference is therefore also made to the description of the other figures.

[0064] During the cable penetration 1 according to Fig. A first end piece 301 is inserted into the sleeve 3. This axially defines an interior space 310. In the opposite direction, the interior space 310 is defined by a second end piece 302. To axially fix the first end piece 301, the sleeve 3 can be pressed against it with the clamping device 50. In addition, an outer wall surface 301.1 of the first end piece 301 is contoured complementarily to the projections 31. In other words, the first end piece 301 is thus also axially positively locked in the sleeve 3.

[0065] Fig. Figure 3b shows the pipe penetration 1 in a fully assembled state with pipes 200 routed through it, which in this case are individual pipes 225, namely fluid pipes 226. These are each routed through corresponding through-openings 311, 312 in the end pieces 301, 302. These through-openings 311, 312 can be pre-existing or created on site, e.g., via in Fig. 3a The blind cover shown in dotted lines must be closed.

[0066] During the installation, initially only one of the end pieces 301, 302 is in position, e.g., the second end piece 302. According to the situation... Fig. Starting from 3a, the first end piece 301 would therefore be temporarily removed from the sleeve 3. The individual lines 225 are then initially guided through the second end piece 302, which is arranged in the bushing 2. Optionally, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 3b, insulating sleeves 335 are pushed onto the fluid lines 226. Furthermore, one or more empty conduits could also be routed through the end pieces 301, 302 (not shown) for later routing of cables, e.g., an electrical cable.

[0067] After threading the individual lines 225 or fluid lines 226 through the first end piece 301, this is inserted into the sleeve 3 and, in addition to being secured by tightening the clamping element 50, is also fastened. A channel 312 is provided in the sleeve 3 for introducing the filling substance 170 into the interior 310; for example, a hose from an injection gun can be inserted through this channel (not shown).

[0068] In the Fig. In the situation shown in Figure 3b, the entire remaining interior space 310 is filled with the filling substance 170, which surrounds the individual lines 225. The filling substance 170 serves both as a mechanical fixing and as thermal insulation. Due to the insulating sleeves 335, the fluid lines 226 could still be axially repositioned or replaced if necessary.

[0069] Fig. Figure 4 shows the elastomer part 30 of the Fig. 1a,b and Fig. 3a,b in a separate illustration; this can be manufactured, for example, by injection molding or by pressing into a mold. The elastomeric part 30 forms the sleeve 3 and the position 4a of the flange part, wherein the sleeve 3 may have a recess and / or protrusions (not shown here) for axially positioning the clamping device / clamp. On a side of position 4a of the flange part axially opposite the sleeve 3, the elastomeric part 30 forms a nozzle 35, the inner wall surface 35.1 of which is, in this example, glued onto the feedthrough sleeve, and the optional mounting sleeve 16 can be attached to the outer wall surface 35.2 of which, for example, by gluing.

[0070] Fig. Figure 5a shows a cable gland 1 with a bushing 2, which, analogous to the above description, is inserted into the opening 101 and secured with the filling substance 70 therein; see the detailed description of the Fig. 1b, Fig. 3a / b. In this case, a protective pipe 500 is inserted into the sleeve 3. This pipe runs underground on the exterior of the building 510 and protects the cable 200 (in this example, a single cable 225 is shown) or creates a channel for cable routing, which can thus be carried out, for example, subsequently or during an inspection. The protective pipe 500 terminates in the cable penetration 1; its end 501 facing the building is therefore located in the cable penetration 100, in this example in the sleeve 3. However, the protective pipe 500 can also extend into the opening 101, so that the end 501 facing the building is, for example, located in the penetration sleeve 2, which can also provide additional support (e.g., with regard to any settlement in the ground).

[0071] In the present example, the protective tube 500 is designed as a corrugated tube 505, e.g., as a composite corrugated tube. The projections 31 formed on the inner wall surface 3.1 create an axially positive locking hold; in addition, the sleeve 3 is pressed against it by the clamping device 50 to create a sealing seal. A compression seal 600 is inserted into the feedthrough sleeve 2, which seals the line 200 against the line feedthrough 1 and thus also relative to the protective tube 500.

[0072] The compression seal 600 comprises an elastomer body 610, with a compression element 620, 621 arranged on each of its axially opposite end faces. The compression elements 620, 621 are operatively connected via clamping bolts 625, meaning they can be axially clamped relative to each other by tightening the clamping bolts 625. As a result, the elastomer body 610 is axially compressed and radially pressed against the elastomer body, i.e., radially inward toward the conduit 200 and radially outward toward the bushing 2. The compression elements 620, 621 can, for example, be made of metal, such as in a plate-like form. Alternatively, a rigid plastic is also possible, in which case the compression elements 620, 621 can also have a ribbed structure (not shown here) for stiffening. Viewed axially, i.e., from above, the press bodies 620, 621 can be designed in a ring shape, e.g., completely enclosed or segmented. In the case of segmented press bodies 620, 621, for example,The elastomer body 610 should also be slotted in such a way that it can be opened and placed on a previously laid cable (so that the cable does not have to be threaded through it).

[0073] Fig. Figure 5b also shows a feedthrough sleeve 2 mounted with potting material 70 in a through-hole 101, into which a compression seal 600 is inserted (see the preceding description for possible details). In contrast to the variant according to Fig. In this case, 5a does not include a protective tube or a sleeve; the latter may, for example, be detached during installation or may not have been included in the first place. In other words, an elastomeric part 30 can also be provided, which carries the feedthrough sleeve 2 and, in this example, forms a flange part 4, but does not have a sleeve.

[0074] In this arrangement as well, the flange part 4 can face the exterior of the building 510 and, for example, seal against a side surface (e.g., be connected to a surface seal). However, in this example, the cable 200 is laid directly in the ground, e.g., as an underground cable, whereby the compression seal 600 nevertheless provides a reliable seal. On the one hand, the compression seal 600, together with the bushing 2, has a defined contact surface, even independent of the condition of the reveal 102 (e.g., even in the case of breaks or inclusions / hollow chambers, such as in a brick wall).

[0075] Fig. Figure 6a shows a cable penetration 1, into which, analogous to the description, Fig. 5a A protective tube 500 is inserted. A cable 200 was or is laid in the protective tube 500, whereby its relative seal to the cable penetration 1 of Fig. 5a / b differs. Instead of a compression seal, a system cover 700 is inserted into the feedthrough sleeve 2 in this example. The system cover 700 is held by a rotary locking mechanism, in this example by a bayonet mechanism 705. Such a fastening of system covers 700 is known from the field of cable penetrations, where a casing pipe is embedded in concrete and has projections on its inner wall surface for inserting and screwing on a cover. In this case, projections 710 are provided on the inner wall surface 2.1 of the feedthrough sleeve 2, each forming a threaded section and holding the screwed-in cover.

[0076] The system cover 700 has a pipe socket 715 from which the line 200 emerges. A shrink sleeve 720, made of an elastomeric material, is fitted onto the pipe socket 715 and seals against the line 200 when shrunk on. A sealing ring 730 is provided for relative sealing between the bushing 2 and the system cover 700; this ring is pressed into place when the system cover 700 is locked in place.

[0077] Fig. Figure 6b shows an identical structure with regard to the relative seal between line 200 and bushing 2, in contrast to the Fig. 6a neither protective tube nor sleeve is provided. As above for Fig. As discussed in section 5b, the line 200 can, for example, be laid directly in the ground as an underground cable.

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