hood for a motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a hood for a motor vehicle, wherein the hood has at least one disruptive contour comprising at least one depression and / or protrusion, wherein, to protect a pedestrian's head in a frontal impact situation, the hood is divided into a plurality of zones, a first of the zones having a suitable inclination relative to a ground parallel to minimize injury when deflecting a head impacting from the front of the vehicle. The hood is characterized in particular by the fact that a protective cover with the aforementioned suitable inclination is provided for the disruptive contour. A hood with a disruptive contour and the crash safety required for road approval is proposed here.

Description

The invention relates to a front hood for a motor vehicle and to a motor vehicle having such a front hood.Motor vehicles, especially racing vehicles of the GTx class or RS class, are racing vehicles which are designed both for high-speed races on racing tracks and for use on public roads. For this purpose, these racing vehicles must have a road approval.Road approval of racing vehicles requires safety in the event of a crash, inter alia for a frontal impact situation with a pedestrian. In this case, in particular, a safety for an impact with the head of the pedestrian in the region of a center cooler of the racing vehicle is to be provided for the road approval. Defined test methods have developed, wherein different zones are defined on the front hood, in which collision scenarios to be assumed to be particularly probable and / or particularly critical are to be assumed, so that a risk of injury or a harmfulness of a strike for the pedestrian is to be reduced as much as possible.For racing operation, a central cooler in the area of the front hood is of great importance because it is important for air guidance and thus for cooling the drive unit (usually brought to the technical limits of cooling), brake disks and / or for stabilizing suction to the underlying surface.Previous center coolers are arranged in the region of the zone WAD 1000 (crash scenario: impact of a head (3.5 kg [three and a half kilograms]) of a child at a speed of 40 km / h [forty kilometers per hour]) at a firing angle of 50° at the front of the vehicle [fifty degrees of 360°] with respect to the underlying surface being traveled on) and thus diametrically oppose a safety of a pedestrian in a frontal impact situation, so that a constructive solution has to be found for a desired road admission.GB 2 403 695 A describes a bonnet for covering an engine compartment of a vehicle. The bonnet comprises an outer skin, at least one vent opening in the outer skin to allow passage of air to or from the engine compartment, a grille mounted in the or each opening, and at least one strap or strap extending below the grille across the or each opening. The hood may comprise an inner skin integrally formed with the belt(s), or the belt(s) may be / may be disposed between the inner and outer skins. The edges of the straps may be covered by the ridges and ribs of the overlying grid. Should the vehicle collide with a pedestrian, the straps support the grid and prevent the opening from expanding, thereby preventing the pedestrian's head from being partially pushed through the opening.CN 2 11 442 499 U describes a hood and a vehicle, wherein the hood serves to cover an engine compartment of the vehicle and comprises a hood body provided with a ventilation device. The ventilation device is disposed above the hood body and has an air inlet and a heat dissipation opening that mate with the ventilation device. The ventilation device is designed as a movable component, wherein the air inlet and the heat dissipation opening can move relative to the ventilation device. Thereby, the hood has an air inlet state and a heat dissipation state, and can be switched between the air inlet state and the heat dissipation state. The described solution provides a hood in which a fixed ventilation grille is converted into a movable ventilation device.JP 2023 117 499 A describes providing a hood structure that can achieve fin rigidity and impact damping. For this purpose, a standing wall is provided which supports a fin body from below. Therefore, when air flows and a user touches a fin, deformation of the fin body can be suppressed and the object rigidity of the fin can be secured. Since the fin body has a split structure consisting of a fin outer side and a fin inner side, the fin body is easily damaged. Since a non-continuous part that is non-continuous in the circumferential direction is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the standing wall that supports the fin body from below, the standing wall is easily damaged. Therefore, when a collision body impacts the fin from above, both the fin body and the standing wall are damaged to absorb collision energy.Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to overcome at least partially the disadvantages known from the prior art. The features according to the invention are evident from the independent claims, for which advantageous embodiments are shown in the dependent claims. The features of the claims can be combined in any technically expedient manner, wherein the explanations from the following description and features from the figures, which comprise supplementary configurations of the invention, can also be used for this purpose.The invention relates to a front hood for a motor vehicle, wherein the front hood has at least one interfering contour, comprising at least one depression and / or elevation, wherein, in order to protect a head of a pedestrian in a frontal impact situation, the front hood is divided into a plurality of zones, wherein a first of the zones has a suitable inclination with respect to a ground parallel for deflection of a head arriving from the front of the vehicle in a damage-minimizing manner.The front hood is above all characterized in that a protective cover with said suitable inclination is provided for the interfering contour.Ordinal numbers used in the preceding and following description, unless expressly stated to the contrary, serve only for the clear distinguishability and do not represent an order or ranking of the designated components. An ordinal number greater than one does not require that a further such component must necessarily be present.A motor vehicle or its drive machine(s) and / or brake disks, for which the front hood described here is suitable, have, for example, a high cooling requirement and therefore the front hood is equipped, for example, with a central cooler. For example, such a motor vehicle is a racing vehicle, which therefore has a structure (above all aerodynamically optimized) and a motorization, by means of which the motor vehicle is also suitable for racing operation in addition to use in public road traffic. For example, sufficient cooling of the drive engine is necessary for racing operation and the central cooler forming a disturbing contour is arranged in the front hood for this purpose. The front hood is also referred to as a hood or (in the case of a rear drive) as a trunk hood. It should be noted that a front hood in this and other embodiments has (optionally further) depressions and / or elevations for other purposes, which likewise form a disturbing contour, for example for cooling high-performance radiators for providing headlight light and / or for aerodynamically favourable enclosing of at least one component (projecting from the surrounding envelope spanned by the front hood).It should be noted that here (without explicit deviating indication) the region or direction arranged at the front in normal operation of the vehicle (forward travel) is meant by vehicle front.The interfering contour comprises at least one depression and / or elevation. In one embodiment, the interfering contour is configured in the front hood for air guidance. In this case, the air or incident flow, on account of the speed during travel, can be introduced into the engine compartment and / or wheel arch (for example for a brake disc) by means of the air guidance into the engine compartment and / or wheel arch, that is to say below the envelopes spanned by the front hood, and / or can be discharged conversely from the engine compartment and / or wheel arch. In one embodiment, additionally or alternatively, the interfering contour is configured to generate a negative pressure under the underbody of the motor vehicle (i.e. to suck onto the roadway for stabilized travel).In addition, the front hood comprises a plurality of zones which must meet certain safety requirements for protecting a pedestrian in a frontal impact situation. These are subject to the change in time on the basis of research results, insurance regulations and / or legal requirements. Currently of particular interest is a zone which is defined, for example, currently between the line WAD 1000 and WAD 1250, WAD 1500 or WAD 1700 according to NCAP [New Car Assessment Programs]. This zone or a zone of comparable (existing or future) definition is referred to herein as the foremost zone.In this case, according to a safety requirement to be applied, a first (front) zone has a suitable inclination (at least in the event of a crash, for example triggered by active raising of the front hood by means of crash sensors) for deflection of a head arriving from the front of the vehicle, which head impinges on the frontmost zone, in a damage-minimizing manner. In one embodiment, the foremost zone corresponds to a safety requirement based on or according to the above-cited NCAP [New Car Assessment Programs] optimized for an incoming head firing angle of 40° [fifty degrees of 360°] to 60°, for example for a test angle in a crash test of 50° [fifty degrees of 360°], based on a ground parallel. This firing angle is thus enclosed by a line (or plane) coming from the top and front of the vehicle and running downward and rear of the vehicle and the underlying surface. The resulting intersection (or intersection line) lies offset to the vehicle rear on the (or parallel to the) y-axis (transverse direction) of a generally used motor vehicle coordinate system. This firing angle refers to the ground parallel. In this case, the ground parallel represents an imaginary parallel (or parallel plane) to the ground on which the motor vehicle is located.The mentioned firing angle is selected in such a way that a particularly frequent constellation with a particularly critical injury occurs in the event of a frontal collision with a stationary pedestrian (child).In order, for example, to conduct the flow accordingly for the above-mentioned reasons, a protective cover is proposed here. The protective cover thus offers suitable protection for a pedestrian (for example a child) on the one hand, in that (at least in the event of a crash) a suitable angle is provided for the inclination for diverting the head, and on the other hand, an air guidance for an aerodynamically favorable shape and / or the function of the interfering contour (for example a center cooler) is maintained. In addition to the original (for example air-conducting) function, the protective cover therefore additionally comprises a protective function, such that the head of a pedestrian (in particular of a child) strikes an edge and / or inclined surface of a (underlying) component of the depression or in the depression that is not adequately configured for this purpose.It is furthermore proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the front hood that the protective cover is formed by an air-permeable grid, wherein the grid is mechanically supported on a vehicle structure at least when the front hood is closed during use in a motor vehicle.It is proposed here that the protective cover is formed by an air-permeable grid. By means of the grille, a sufficiently large opening for the incoming air is provided in the front hood, while at the same time forming a surface with an adequate angle of inclination for the foremost zone. The distance between the struts of the grid is selected such that a sufficiently large volume of the inflow cools the drive engine and at the same time, however, they also provide protection for a head of a pedestrian (especially of a child) in a frontal impact situation.In order to ensure a corresponding dissipation of the impact energy in a frontal impact situation for the most accelerated possible accommodation of a head, it is proposed here that the grid is mechanically supported accordingly on the vehicle structure of the motor vehicle during use. The support is preferably implemented by means of one or more dampers or crash structures. This support provides a path reserve for a head-on impact situation.It is furthermore proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the front hood that the protective cover is formed by movable slats, wherein preferably the slats are foldable into said suitable inclination with low resistance by a head arriving from the front of the vehicle.In the embodiment proposed here, the protective cover is formed by a plurality of movable slats. The slats are, for example, designed to be foldable, so that, for example, an air duct can be closed by means of the slats. Due to the foldable slats, the volume flow to a drive machine and / or brake disc can thus be adjusted. For example, the slats can be closed during the travel of the motor vehicle in an open position and at a corresponding speed of the motor vehicle.In one embodiment, the slats can be moved immediately into a closed position when a frontal impact situation is detected (by means of crash sensors), so that they ensure the protective function for a head of a pedestrian and prevent the head from entering a depression or even an underlying space or from colliding with an elevation at an unfavorable angle.The slats are oriented such that they fold into said suitable inclination as a result of an impact force. Any edges are inclined away from the firing angle selected according to the safety requirements to be applied, at least in a plane to which the firing line is oriented normally or inclined toward the front of the vehicle.It is furthermore proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the front hood that the at least one interfering contour is bounded towards the rear by a rear edge in the transition to the protective cover, wherein the rear edge is arranged offset towards the front of the vehicle, wherein the rear edge is spaced apart from the foremost of the zones with said suitable inclination.In this embodiment, by arranging the named rear edge of the entire interfering contour or of an upwardly open region of the depression or of the opening in the front hood which is relevant for the frontal impact situation (displaced geometrically towards the front of the vehicle) in front of the beginning of the foremost zone, it is thus possible, for example, to optimize air guidance without having to observe the required inclination for a firing angle selected according to a safety requirement to be applied. In one embodiment, a depression is continued under the front hood (under the protective cover), i.e. behind the rear edge.According to a further aspect, a motor vehicle is proposed, having at least the following components:a transport cell, at least one drive machine and at least one propulsion wheel,wherein, for propelling the motor vehicle, the drive engine is connected to the at least one propulsion wheel in a torque-transmitting manner, wherein a front hood according to an embodiment according to the above description is arranged in the front of the vehicle.The motor vehicle is equipped with a transport cell and at least one propulsion wheel is driven by a (for example electric) drive machine as a torque source, a (translating) transmission, for example for use on a road, preferably for transporting people and / or goods. For this purpose, the motor vehicle often has a transport cell. For approval, it is necessary to provide a crash safety concept not only for protecting the occupants of the motor vehicle but also for protecting the environment (especially pedestrians).The front hood with interference contour (for example center cooler) proposed here is particularly advantageous because the desired or required retention of an interference contour (usually functional) can be obtained at the same time and a secure concept for a head-impact scenario in a front impact situation is created.It is furthermore proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the motor vehicle that the motor vehicle is a racing vehicle with road approval.The invention described above is explained in detail below in view of the relevant technical background with reference to the associated drawings, which show preferred embodiments. The invention is in no way limited by the purely schematic drawings, it being noted that the drawings are not dimensionally accurate and are not suitable for defining size ratios. It is shown in FIG. 1 : shows a schematic plan view of a motor vehicle with a disturbance contour covered by means of grids; FIG. 2 : shows a schematic plan view of a motor vehicle with a disturbance contour covered by plates; and FIG. 3 : shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a front hood with lamellae.FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a motor vehicle 2 having an interference contour 3 (for example a center cooler) covered by means of grids 14. The motor vehicle 2 comprises a transport cell 18 (for example for human occupants) and (purely optionally) a drive machine 19 for propelling the motor vehicle 2 by means of a left propulsion wheel 20 and a right propulsion wheel 21 (here purely optionally embodied as a rear propulsion wheel), and optionally (preferably with a separate front drive) by means of the left front wheel 23 and right front wheel 24. In the front region of the motor vehicle 2 there is a front hood 1, which is embodied conventionally (for example as a trunk hood) for example with respect to its remaining functions. In the front region of the motor vehicle 2, a vehicle structure 15 is also shown schematically, for example as part of a chassis or body shell. A (theoretical) front boundary 25 and rear boundary 26, which define a frontmost zone 8, are drawn on the front hood 1. Behind the rear boundary 26 a rear zone 9 begins.For cooling a front drive (not shown), for cooling a brake device (not shown) (for example a brake disc) of one of the front wheels 23, 24 and / or for an underbody suction, the interference contour 3 is provided in the front hood 1 as a (here purely optionally single) depression 4 with an opening upwards outwards between a front edge 22 and a rear edge 17. This depression 4 is covered at the top outwards by an (air-permeable) grid 14 (purely optionally over the entire surface). Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the grid 14 is supported on the vehicle structure 15.Here, the opening is also arranged upward outwards of the depression 4 with its rear edge 17 in such a way that it coincides with the front boundary 25 of the foremost zone 8 or is arranged somewhat in front of it. In one embodiment, the depression 4 is continued under the front hood 1, from which the protective cover 13 is formed in one piece there. In an alternative embodiment, the grid 14 reaches into the foremost zone 8, so that such a protective cover 13 is formed by the grid 14 (if applicable alone).FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a motor vehicle 2 having a disturbance contour 3 covered by blades 16, which contour is embodied here with a left depression 4 and a right depression 5. Purely for the sake of clarity, all components are shown here as identically as possible and reference is made to the description with respect to FIG. 1 in this respect without exclusion of generality. Here, only the differences will be described.The interfering contour 3 here comprises a left depression 4 and a right depression 5, which (for example for optimum air guidance 27), reaching into the foremost zone 8, has an inclination 11 (compare FIG. 3 ), which is unsuitable or impermissible for the safety requirements to be applied. In this embodiment, a protective cover 13 is formed (purely optionally) by means of slats 16 which have a suitable inclination 11 at least in the closed state.FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a front hood 1 with slats 16. For example, such blades 16 are provided in a configuration according to FIG. 2. The foremost zone 8 is located between the front boundary 25 and the rear boundary 26. The upwardly outwardly directed opening of the depression 4 between the front edge 22 and the rear edge 17 lies partially in this frontmost zone 8.Here, a ground parallel 10 is indicated, with respect to which, with respect to the vehicle front, a head 6 of a pedestrian 7 (or a dummy) strikes the front hood 1 oriented at a firing angle 12 of 50° (purely by way of example) in the region of the foremost zone 8 and is intended to be deflected in a damage-minimizing manner by a suitable inclination 11. In the closed position of the slats 16, this inclination 11 is achieved. In the open position shown by dashed lines, an optimum air guidance 27 can be achieved. For example, in a crash situation, the slats 16 are passively transferred with low resistance by the arriving head 6 and / or actively (triggered by a crash sensor) from the position shown in dashed lines (open) into the position shown in solid lines (here then purely optionally fully closed) with the suitable inclination 11 for a required crash safety.A front hood with a disturbing contour and crash safety required for road approval is proposed here.List of reference characters1 Front hood 2 Motor vehicle 3 Interference contour 4 (left) depression 5 Right depression 6 Head 7 Pedestrian 8 Foremost zone 9 Rear zone 10 Ground parallel 11 Inclination 12 Firing angle 13 Protective cover 14 Grid 15 Vehicle structure 16 Slats 17 Rear edge 18 Transport cell 19 Drive machine 20 Left propulsion wheel 21 Right propulsion wheel 22 Front edge 23 Left front wheel 24 Right front wheel 25 Front boundary 26 Rear boundary 27 Air guidance

Claims

Front hood (1) for a motor vehicle (2), wherein the front hood (1) has at least one interference contour (3) comprising at least one depression (4, 5) and / or elevation, wherein, in order to protect a head (6) of a pedestrian (7) in a front impact situation, the front hood (1) is divided into a plurality of zones (8, 9), wherein a first of the zones (8) has, with respect to a parallel to the underlying surface (10), a suitable inclination (11) for deflection of a head (6) arriving from the vehicle front in a damage-minimizing manner, a protective cover (13) having said suitable inclination (11) is provided for the interference contour (3), and the protective cover (13) is formed by movable slats (16), wherein the slats (16) are foldable into said suitable inclination (11) with low resistance from a head (6) arriving from the front of the vehicle.Front hood (1) according to claim 1, wherein the protective cover (13) is formed by an air-permeable grid (14), wherein the grid (14) is mechanically supported on a vehicle structure (15) at least when the front hood (1) is closed in use in a motor vehicle (2).Front hood (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one interfering contour (3) is bounded towards the vehicle rear by a rear edge (17) in the transition to the protective cover (13), wherein the rear edge (17) is arranged offset towards the vehicle front, wherein the rear edge (17) is spaced from the foremost of the zones (8) with said suitable inclination (11).Motor vehicle (2), having at least the following components: a transport cell (18), at least one drive machine (19) and at least one propulsion wheel (20, 21), wherein, for propulsion of the motor vehicle (2), the drive machine (19) is connected to the at least one propulsion wheel (20, 21) in a torque-transmitting manner, wherein a front hood (1) according to one of the preceding claims is arranged at the front of the vehicle.Motor vehicle (2) according to claim 4, wherein the motor vehicle (2) is a racing vehicle with road approval.

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