Steering mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to a steering mechanism (100) for a vehicle, comprising: - a connecting rod (106), wherein the connecting rod (106) is designed to be displaceable for performing a steering movement along a displacement direction (X), and - at least one support element (1) having a contact element (2) with an axis (A), and the contact element (2) being provided in a holder (3) of the support element (1) fixed relative to the connecting rod (106), wherein the contact element (2) has at least one tolerance compensation structure designed to compensate for a tolerance between the holder (3) and the contact element (2) and / or to compensate for a tolerance between the connecting rod (106) and the contact element (2). The invention further relates to a vehicle with a steering mechanism (100), a contact element (2), a method for manufacturing a contact element (2) and a method for assembling a steering mechanism (100).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a steering mechanism for a vehicle, a vehicle with a steering mechanism, a contact element, a method for manufacturing a contact element, and a method for assembling a steering mechanism. State of the art

[0002] Steering systems for steering vehicles are common today. Such systems typically include a mechanism with a drive unit that actuates a connecting rod to effect a steering movement at least at one of the vehicle's wheels. Specifically, a rotational movement of the drive unit is converted into a translational movement of the connecting rod. To convert the rotational movement of the drive unit into a translational movement, the steering mechanism usually incorporates a motion converter, such as a ball screw drive.

[0003] The mobility concepts recently examined are also linked to new vehicle concepts, particularly so-called movers. These are vehicle concepts that allow for the autonomous transport of passengers. Movers can be electrically powered and vary in size. Small movers are conceivable, accommodating only one or two passengers, while large movers can accommodate more than ten. All these concepts share the common feature of lacking a driver's seat, as the movers operate autonomously. Electrically powered movers also allow for an even weight distribution, since energy storage devices can be positioned deep and spread across the vehicle floor or underneath the body. This ensures that the weight is distributed evenly across the steered wheels.The steered axles carry a comparatively high weight, which in previous commercial vehicle concepts was distributed more towards the non-steered wheels or axles.

[0004] It has been found that, due to the vehicle mass and weight distribution, such vehicles can experience high lateral forces acting on the motion converter of the steering mechanism, forces that cannot be absorbed by the conventional structure of a vehicle steering system. These vehicles can, in particular, have a 50-50 weight distribution between the front and rear axles, with a vehicle weight of a comparatively large mover reaching 5,000 kg. In such cases, the lateral forces are comparatively high due to the weight distribution on the steered axle. Furthermore, these problems also exist, to varying degrees, in other heavy vehicles, such as motorhomes or commercial vehicles like trucks.

[0005] While there are attempts to incorporate plain bearings into the steering mechanisms of vehicles at the tie rod end, the available solutions do not offer simple integration or reliable compensation for tolerances. Therefore, there is a need for an improved steering mechanism that enables efficient steering and easy assembly.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the invention is to create an improved steering mechanism for movers and / or other vehicles, such as commercial vehicles or motorhomes, in which the lateral forces acting on the connecting rod can be supported, while at the same time enabling tolerance compensation. Disclosure of the invention

[0007] These and other problems, which will be mentioned in the following description or which can be recognized by a person skilled in the art, are solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and further developments can be found in the dependent claims and the following description as well as in the drawings.

[0008] The steering mechanism according to the invention for a vehicle comprises a connecting rod and at least one support element. The connecting rod is designed to be displaceable along a direction of movement for the execution of a steering movement. The at least one support element has a contact element with an axis. The contact element is provided in a holder of the support element that is fixed relative to the connecting rod. The contact element has at least one tolerance compensation structure designed to compensate for a tolerance between the holder and the contact element and / or to compensate for a tolerance between the connecting rod and the contact element.

[0009] The terms "circumferential direction", "axial direction", "axial", "radial direction" and "radial" are used below. Unless otherwise specified, these always refer to the axis of the contact element.

[0010] The contact element is inserted or pushed into the holder. The holder can be designed to completely or partially enclose the contact element circumferentially with respect to its axis, in order to hold the contact element radially with respect to the axis. Complete enclosure allows for secure retention of the contact element, while partial enclosure allows for a material-saving holder.

[0011] The steering mechanism can be designed for a vehicle configured, for example, as a mover. Alternatively, the steering mechanism can be designed for a commercial vehicle or a motorhome. Alternatively or additionally, the steering mechanism can be designed for a vehicle of class M2.

[0012] In particular, the steering mechanism can be designed as a steer-by-wire steering mechanism. This eliminates the need for a mechanical linkage between a steering element, such as a steering wheel or a joystick operated by a driver.

[0013] The vehicle may have a symmetrical axle load distribution or wheel load distribution. In this case, a comparatively high vehicle weight is distributed on the steered wheels or axle(s).

[0014] The support element can be in sliding contact with the connecting rod, particularly via the contact element. This sliding contact can be in the direction of displacement. The support element can be designed to support the connecting rod transversely to the direction of displacement. By enabling a sliding connection of the connecting rod, the support element can assist the connecting rod during steering movement. The support element can, for example, be a sliding bearing. In this way, it is possible to support and / or guide the connecting rod along its direction of displacement. The support and / or guidance effect can be improved by increasing the axial extension of the support element. For example, the support element can be tubular or sleeve-shaped, with the connecting rod extending through the support element.

[0015] The support element can be positioned relative to the connecting rod in such a way as to reduce the buckling length of the connecting rod, and in particular, to ensure that axial forces arising from the steering movement during operation of the steering mechanism always remain below a critical buckling limit. In other words, the kinematics of the steering mechanism can be designed such that the critical buckling length of the connecting rod between the support element and a pivot point of the connecting rod, where force is transmitted from the steered wheel to the connecting rod and vice versa, remains below a critical buckling length. This reduces the risk of buckling of the connecting rod.

[0016] In particular, the support element may be designed so that its bracket holds the contact element in such a way that the contact element cannot slide within the bracket while the connecting rod slides relative to the contact element. The contact element may, for example, be pressed into the bracket.

[0017] The axis of the contact element can essentially run parallel or coaxially to the axis of the connecting rod, so that the connecting rod is supported by the support element transversely to the axis and / or guided by the support element along the axis.

[0018] The bracket can be arranged in or attached to a housing of the steering mechanism, or it can be formed directly with the housing of the steering mechanism. Particularly in housings manufactured by casting, such brackets can be incorporated during the housing's production. These can then be machined in a subsequent manufacturing step. The housing of the steering mechanism can be designed to at least partially accommodate the connecting rod and the support element.

[0019] The tolerance compensation structure, designed to compensate for tolerances between the bracket and the contact element and / or between the connecting rod and the contact element, can be configured to allow the contact element to adapt to the connecting rod and / or the bracket. For example, a structure can be provided on the surface of the contact element that facilitates its deformation in the radial and / or circumferential direction, enabling the contact element to adapt to the bracket and / or the connecting rod through deformation.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the steering mechanism has a drive interface designed to apply a force to the connecting rod in the direction of displacement.

[0021] The connecting rod can extend to both sides of the drive interface, allowing wheels on both sides of the connecting rod, or on both sides of the drive interface, to be steered by the steering movement of the connecting rod. In this case, at least two support elements can be provided on the connecting rod. A first support element can be located on one side of the drive interface, and a second support element can be located on the opposite side of the drive interface along the direction of movement. In this way, the connecting rod is guided and / or supported on both sides of the drive interface by the respective support elements provided there.

[0022] The first and second support elements can be identical, reducing the complexity of the steering mechanism. Alternatively, the first and second support elements can be different. In particular, they can differ in size, shape, material, and / or axial distance from the drive interface. If, for example, the connecting rod extends to different distances on either side of the drive interface in the axial direction—perhaps because the drive interface is not centrally located on a steered axle of a vehicle with this steering mechanism—loads of different magnitudes can occur on either side of the connecting rod. Therefore, correspondingly different support elements can be adapted to the respective different loads.This adaptation can be achieved in particular through the size, shape and / or material of the respective support elements and / or through the distance of the respective support elements in the axial direction from the drive interface.

[0023] The first support element and the second support element can be arranged at the same distance from the drive interface on the connecting rod in order to achieve uniform or symmetrical support and / or guidance of the connecting rod.

[0024] By positioning the support elements between the drive interface and the ends of the connecting rod, lateral forces, such as those introduced into the connecting rod by the steered wheels or directly from the tire-road contact, can be supported at the connecting rod, thus preventing these lateral forces from acting on the drive interface. This allows the support element to keep the drive interface as free from lateral forces as possible.

[0025] Alternatively, the connecting rod can extend to one side of the drive interface, allowing one or more wheels on that side of the connecting rod to be steered. In this case, at least one support element can be provided on the connecting rod. In this way, the connecting rod is guided and / or supported by a support element provided there.

[0026] By positioning at least one support element between the drive interface and the end of the connecting rod, lateral forces, such as those introduced into the connecting rod by the steered wheels or directly from the tire-road contact, can be supported at the connecting rod, thus preventing these lateral forces from acting on the drive interface. This allows the support element to keep the drive interface as free from lateral forces as possible.

[0027] The drive interface can be configured to transmit torque to a rotary drive unit. The connection between the drive unit and the drive interface can be configured in various ways. In particular, the drive interface can include a motion converter designed to convert the rotary motion of the drive unit into a translational, especially linear, motion of the connecting rod, and thus into the steering motion of the connecting rod. The motion converter can be positioned between the drive unit and the connecting rod to implement the motion conversion. The motion converter can be designed as a spindle drive, especially a ball screw drive, or as a combination of pinion and rack, thereby converting the rotary motion of the drive unit into a translational motion, especially the steering motion.In particular, for the direct transmission of the steering movement to the connecting rod, a translationally movable element of the drive interface, especially of the motion converter, can be connected to or integrally formed with the connecting rod. For example, this element can be the spindle of the ball screw drive of the motion converter or the rack of the motion converter.

[0028] The steering mechanism can include a drive unit. This can be a rotary electric motor. In particular, the drive unit can be arranged coaxially to the connecting rod and, for example, be an axial or hollow shaft motor, thus enabling a compact design. Alternatively, the drive unit can also be arranged offset from the connecting rod, which allows for a simpler arrangement of the steering mechanism components.

[0029] The drive unit can be configured to provide a drive torque that acts on the drive interface. This drive torque can serve to assist a driver's steering, for example, for power steering, if a mechanical connection from a driver interface, such as a steering element like a steering wheel, is provided. Alternatively or additionally, the drive torque can also be used solely for steering, for example, if the steering mechanism is designed for a steer-by-wire system. In particular, the drive torque can be used to perform steering during autonomous driving, regardless of whether a mechanical connection is present or the steering mechanism is designed for a steer-by-wire system. The steering mechanism can be configured such that the drive torque from the drive unit rotates the drive interface.This can be achieved by directly driving the drive interface or by means of a transmission stage. The transmission stage can be implemented using a gear stage and / or a belt drive. The transmission stage allows the use of smaller drive units or lower drive torques.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the contact element can have a sleeve shape through which the connecting rod extends. The axis of the contact element can extend from a center point of the sleeve or ring along a longitudinal direction. The axis of the sleeve can run parallel to the direction of displacement. The sleeve shape provides a geometry that is easy to manufacture. Furthermore, such a geometry, especially if it extends substantially cylindrically along the axis, can be easily inserted into the holder of the support element, for example, by inserting the contact element into the holder along its axis.

[0031] Furthermore, the contact element can be designed to be elastically deformable in such a way that there is an excess between the contact element and the holder, so that when the contact element is inserted into the holder or into an opening of the holder, the contact element is pressed in.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the contact element can consist predominantly or entirely of a plastic polymer, such as POM or PTFE. This allows for cost-effective production of the contact element in large quantities. Furthermore, when using these materials, particularly when the contact element consists entirely or predominantly of them, it can be designed to be elastic in order to compensate for tolerances between the contact element and the connecting rod and / or between the contact element and the mounting bracket by allowing deformation of the contact element within predetermined limits. The manufacturing process for the contact element can include a casting step, such as injection molding, in whole or in part, thus enabling more complex shapes for the contact element in series production.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the at least one tolerance compensation structure can have at least one recess extending substantially in the direction of the axis and / or at least one projection extending substantially in the direction of the axis.

[0034] The recess or projection can have the same shape, particularly the same cross-sectional shape, along its entire length in the direction of the contact element's axis, or it can vary in shape, particularly in cross-sectional shape. The recess and / or projection can create contact sections on the contact element that engage with the holder to fix the contact element radially with respect to its axis. These contact sections do not result in full-surface contact between the contact element and the holder. In this way, a shape deviation due to a tolerance in the holder can be compensated for by preventing the contact element from fully engaging with the holder and thus not conforming completely to the holder's shape.Alternatively or additionally, the recesses formed between the projections are designed to allow the contact element to flex when the connecting rod is inserted. This flex can be in the circumferential and / or radial direction. In this way, the contact element can expand accordingly when the connecting rod is inserted.

[0035] The recess and / or projection can be aligned parallel to the axis of the contact element, or, for example, spiral around the axis in a helical pattern.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the at least one tolerance compensation structure can have at least one recess extending at least partially in the direction of the axis. A recess is understood here to mean that material is completely absent at this point. This distinguishes the recess from the aforementioned depression by its geometric shape. The recess can be a slot. The recess can be continuous, so that the contact element is completely interrupted by the recess along its axial extent in the circumferential direction, or it can be formed in sections. The recess can be open in the axial direction at the edge of the contact element to increase compliance at the edge of the contact element. The recess can increase the flexibility of the contact element in the circumferential direction.In this way, the contact element can deform as a result of inserting the connecting rod and / or deform as a result of inserting the contact element into the holder. This allows for compensation of tolerances between the contact element and the holder and / or between the contact element and the connecting rod.

[0037] The recess can be aligned parallel to the axis of the contact element, or, for example, can run in a helical line around the axis.

[0038] According to one embodiment, at least one web can be provided in the recess. The web can be provided in the recess to connect two opposite surfaces or sides of the recess. The web can be designed to be circumferentially flexible, so that any elasticity or compliance achieved by the recess in the circumferential direction is not, or only negligibly, affected by the web. To ensure compliance, the web can have at least one leg connecting the opposite edge(s) of the recess, the legs being oriented to the edges such that they form an acute angle with the edge, preferably less than 45°. A circumferential force would thus deform the legs of the web without the legs being able to exert a relevant reaction force in the circumferential direction.The bridge can extend in the circumferential direction, e.g. parallel to an inner circular surface of a sleeve-shaped contact element, so that the bridge is radially supported by the connecting rod guided in the contact element.

[0039] The bridge can serve to prevent two or more contact elements with their corresponding recesses from interlocking during the production of multiple contact elements or the assembly of multiple support elements. The bridge can be positioned within the recess in such a way that interlocking of the recesses is completely prevented, or at least only occurs in such a way that the contact elements can separate again. The bridge is preferably located at a free end of the recess; in particular, the bridge can be positioned axially at the edge of the contact element. Especially when an automated feeding system is used for the production of multiple contact elements or the assembly of multiple support elements, such as a drum feeder and / or a vibrating feeder, unwanted interlocking or joining of multiple contact elements at their recesses can be prevented or at least made more difficult.Alternatively or additionally, the bridge is designed to cover as large a proportion of the recess as possible, its geometric shape making it correspondingly flexible. For example, the aforementioned leg(s) can be wide in the circumferential direction so that they cover a predetermined area of ​​the recess, e.g., at least 75%. This effectively blocks the recess from unwanted contact with other elements. At the same time, the area where the leg(s) are attached to the edges of the recess can be relatively thin, so that any deflection of the leg(s) due to circumferential force is not hindered by deformation of the contact element.

[0040] The bridge can be used to impart axial stiffness to the tolerance compensation structure.

[0041] The bridge gives the contact element a closed contour within the recess at the location of the bridge. In other words, the contact element has a closed contour along the bridge that spans the recess. If the contact element is manufactured using a casting process, as described above, the bridge counteracts deformation of the contact element during cooling after casting, such as that caused by shrinkage during cooling. This is particularly effective if the bridge's shape allows it to cool faster than the rest of the contact element. This occurs, for example, when the surface-to-volume ratio of the bridge is larger than that of the rest of the contact element. Thus, the bridge ensures the dimensional stability of the contact element. Alternatively or additionally, the bridge can also be used to counteract temperature fluctuations in the steering mechanism, such as...Increase the dimensional stability during cooling or heating due to friction by shifting the connecting rod.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the contact element can have at least one engagement element. The engagement element can extend substantially radially to the axis of the contact element. The engagement element can be configured to engage in a recess of the holder, thus preventing rotation of the contact element about its axis within the holder. This provides anti-rotation protection, thereby protecting the support element. The engagement element and the recess can extend axially to maximize the surface area for supporting or preventing rotation of the contact element within the holder. Alternatively, the engagement element can be configured to extend only at a single point or over a section of the contact element.In this way, the contact element can be designed to use less material compared to an axially continuous design of the engagement element.

[0043] The recess in the holder can be designed to make axial contact with the engagement element in order to secure the contact element against axial displacement relative to the holder. This can be achieved, for example, by an axially limited pocket as a recess into which the engagement element is inserted or engages when the contact element is inserted into the holder.

[0044] For easier assembly, the bracket can be made in multiple parts, e.g., two parts. The bracket can be designed so that, when the parts are assembled, the contact element is enclosed by the bracket components. This is particularly useful for recesses that are not fully axial and are designed to secure the contact element against axial displacement relative to the bracket. In this way, the engagement element is inserted into the recess before the bracket components are assembled. The bracket components then only form the recess once they are assembled.

[0045] Alternatively or additionally, the contact element for axial retention in the holder can have a collar that extends radially around the contact element and past the holder in such a way that it makes axial contact with the holder outside the opening into which the contact element is inserted, thus blocking axial displacement of the contact element within the holder. The collar can act like a flange. The collar can be designed to prevent unwanted axial displacement of the contact element within the holder. Accordingly, the collar can support or ensure the desired positioning of the contact element within the holder.

[0046] Further aspects of the invention are explained below. Features previously described in connection with these aspects are to be understood at least as further development possibilities of these aspects of the invention.

[0047] Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle with a steering mechanism as described above. In particular, the vehicle can be one that has a comparatively high axle load on the steered axle(s) or steered wheels. For example, the total axle load of the steered axle(s) can be at least 40%, preferably at least 45%, and particularly at least 50% of the vehicle weight, e.g., the vehicle's unladen weight. The support elements of the steering mechanism prevent the transmission of lateral forces via the connecting rod into the further steering mechanism, especially into the drive interface.

[0048] The vehicle can be an autonomous vehicle or a self-driving vehicle. It can be any type of vehicle that operates without a human driver. It can be an autonomous shuttle used for transporting groups over short to medium distances. It can be a robotaxi. It can be a people transportation system used to transport people, such as driverless shuttles. It can also be a Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) system that takes passengers directly to their destination. Specifically, the vehicle can be configured as a mover.

[0049] Another aspect of the invention relates to a contact element for a support element of a steering mechanism as described above. The contact element is designed to be provided in a holder of the support element that is fixed relative to a connecting rod. The contact element has at least one tolerance compensation structure designed to compensate for a tolerance between the holder and the contact element and / or to compensate for a tolerance between the connecting rod and the contact element.

[0050] Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a contact element for a steering mechanism as described above, wherein the method comprises at least one injection molding step. In particular, the contact element can be manufactured partially or completely from plastic.

[0051] Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for assembling a steering mechanism as described above or a support element for a steering mechanism as described above. The method comprises at least one sorting and / or feeding step of a contact element as described above. The sorting and / or feeding step can be carried out, for example, with a drum feeder and / or a shaking feeder. If the contact elements have recesses with a ridge as described above, jamming or tilting of the contact elements during the sorting and / or feeding step is prevented. Detailed description based on drawing

[0052] Further measures improving the invention are described in more detail below, together with a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, with reference to the figures. The figures show: Fig. 1 a view of a steering mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 a view of a steering mechanism according to a further embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 a sectional view of a support element, Fig. 4 a sectional view of a contact element made of Fig. 3 according to a first embodiment of the invention, Fig. 5 an axial view of the contact element according to the first embodiment of the invention, Fig. 6 a sectional view of a contact element according to a second embodiment, Fig. 7 an axial view of the contact element from Fig. 6, Fig. 8 a sectional view of a support element according to a third embodiment, Fig. 9a an axial view of a support according to a fourth embodiment, and Fig. 9b a perspective view of the contact element according to the fourth embodiment.

[0053] The figures are purely schematic and serve only to illustrate the invention. The same elements are identified by the same reference symbols. All drawings depict the objects shown in their respective initial positions.

[0054] In Fig. Figure 1 shows a side view of a steering mechanism 100 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention. The steering mechanism 100 comprises a connecting rod 106 and a support element 1 through which the connecting rod 106 extends along its axis A. The connecting rod 106 is designed to be displaceable along a direction of displacement X for performing a steering movement. The direction of displacement X and the axis A coincide. The steering mechanism 100 has a drive interface 101. The drive interface 101 is designed to apply a force to the connecting rod 106 for displacement in the direction of displacement X.

[0055] To transmit force to the connecting rod 106, the drive interface 101 has a motion converter 105, which is essentially designed as a spindle drive. The spindle 103 is integrally formed with the connecting rod 106 and arranged coaxially with it. In other words, when the spindle 103 is displaced in the direction of displacement X, the connecting rod 106 is simultaneously displaced in the same direction. The displacement of the spindle 103 is initiated by rotating the nut 102 of the spindle drive, whereby the spindle 103 extends through the nut 102, and the nut 102 is arranged coaxially with and rotatably around the axis A.

[0056] Alternatively, the spindle 103 can consist of several individual pieces, which can simplify its manufacture, for example.

[0057] The spindle 103 can be designed separately from the connecting rod 106, either as an alternative or in addition. This means that the spindle 103 and the connecting rod 106 are connected to each other, e.g. by a detachable connection, in particular by force and / or positive locking. In this way, spindle 103 and connecting rod 106 can be separate components during assembly of the steering mechanism 100, thus simplifying assembly and positioning of spindle 103 and connecting rod 106 in the positions shown in the drawing, compared to a one-piece design of spindle 103 and connecting rod 106. Assembly then only includes the step of connecting spindle 103 and connecting rod 106, and disassembly the step of disconnecting spindle 103 and connecting rod 106. A separate design of spindle 103 and connecting rod 106 also allows for separate manufacturing of spindle 103 and connecting rod 106, which can also simplify the manufacturing process.

[0058] To generate the force required to move the connecting rod 106, the drive interface 101 is connected to a drive unit 104 via torque transmission. The drive unit 104 is designed here as a rotary electric motor. The drive unit 104 is connected to a transmission stage 107 of the drive interface 101 to increase the torque of the drive unit 104 before it is transmitted to the motion converter 105. The transmission stage 107 can be implemented, for example, by a gear stage or a belt drive.

[0059] The drive interface 101 allows the displacement X of the connecting rod 106 to the left or right in accordance with the rotational movement of the drive unit 104, thereby generating a steering movement which is transmitted from the connecting rod 106 to the wheels connected to the connecting rod 106 (not shown).

[0060] The spindle drive of the motion converter 105 can be designed as a ball screw drive. In particular, the conversion of the rotary motion of the drive unit 104 or the transmission stage 107 into a linear translational motion of the connecting rod 106 in the displacement direction X can be carried out.

[0061] The support element 1, through which the connecting rod 106 extends, is fixed in position relative to the connecting rod 106. This means that the connecting rod 106 moves through the support element 1 when displaced in the direction of displacement X. The support element 1 is designed to support the connecting rod 106 transversely or radially to the axis A. Forces oriented transversely to the axis A, such as those introduced into the connecting rod 106 by the steered wheels and / or the steered axle, can thus be supported by the support element 1. This prevents these forces from acting on the drive interface 101 and, in particular, on the motion converter 105, thus preventing the drive interface 101 and, in particular, the motion converter 105 from being subjected to these forces and consequently experiencing increased wear or damage.In particular, the balls in a ball screw drive, located between nut 102 and spindle 103 and used for force transmission between these two components, can be damaged by unwanted lateral forces introduced via the connecting rod 106. Specifically, the balls may subsequently develop surface chips or even be completely crushed. This can lead to negative NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) behavior, potentially resulting in the complete destruction of the steering mechanism or at least the motion converter. The use of the support element 1 shown prevents or at least reduces this damage.

[0062] Fig. Figure 2 shows a side view of a steering mechanism 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention. The steering mechanism 100 is essentially equipped with the Fig. 1 identical. In contrast, the connecting rod 106 now extends along the axis A both to the left and to the right on both sides of the drive interface 101. The spindle 103 is formed integrally with the connecting rod 106 and is located between the left and right ends of the connecting rod 106.

[0063] Alternatively, the spindle 103 can consist of several individual pieces, which can simplify its manufacture, for example.

[0064] The spindle 103 can be designed separately from the connecting rod 106, either as an alternative or in addition. This means that the spindle 103 and the connecting rod 106 are connected to each other, e.g. by a detachable connection, in particular by force and / or positive locking. In this way, spindle 103 and connecting rod 106 can be separate components during assembly of the steering mechanism 100, thus simplifying assembly and positioning of spindle 103 and connecting rod 106 in the positions shown in the drawing, compared to a one-piece design of spindle 103 and connecting rod 106. Assembly then only includes the step of connecting spindle 103 and connecting rod 106, and disassembly the step of disconnecting spindle 103 and connecting rod 106. A separate design of spindle 103 and connecting rod 106 also allows for separate manufacturing of spindle 103 and connecting rod 106, which can also simplify the manufacturing process.

[0065] The illustrated steering mechanism 100 has a support element 1 on both sides of the connecting rod 106. The support element 1 on the right side of the drive interface 101 corresponds to the one shown in the Fig. 1. The support element 1 on the left side of the drive interface 101 is identical to the support element 1 on the right side of the drive interface 101. The connecting rod 106, extending to both sides of the drive interface 101, allows wheels (not shown) to be steered to either side of the connecting rod 106. In this way, it is possible to steer wheels to either side of a vehicle's longitudinal axis, with the lateral forces introduced by the wheels into the connecting rod 106 being absorbed by the support elements 1. This ensures that the drive interface 101 remains free of lateral forces, thus improving the NVH behavior and reducing wear of the steering mechanism.

[0066] While in Fig. Figure 1 shows a steering mechanism 100 with which it is possible to steer one or more wheels to one side of a vehicle's longitudinal axis. Fig. 2 a steering mechanism 100 shown, with which steering of wheels to both sides of a vehicle longitudinal axis of a vehicle is possible.

[0067] The following will now be discussed with reference to the Fig. Sections 3 to 9b describe different embodiments of the support element 1. The support element 1 can be a support element 1 as described in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is shown.

[0068] Fig. Figure 3 shows a sectional view of a support element.

[0069] The axis of support element 1 is marked with A.

[0070] Shown is a support element 1 through which a connecting rod 106 extends along axis A from left to right. The support element 1 has a contact element 2, which is provided in a holder 3 of the support element 1. The holder 3 has an opening 9 that extends axially through the holder 3 and in which the contact element 3 is provided. The connecting rod 106 is designed to be axially displaceable and can thus be moved relative to the support element 1. The holder 3 is fixed relative to the connecting rod 106, meaning that the holder 3 remains in the position shown when the connecting rod 106 is moved.

[0071] The contact element 2 is designed here as a sleeve extending along axis A and arranged coaxially to axis A. Due to its sleeve shape, the contact element 2 encompasses the surface of the connecting rod 106 over a specific section along axis A, so that the surface of the connecting rod 106 is in circumferential contact with the contact element 2. In this way, the connecting rod 106 is fixed radially by the respective support element 1 and guided axially by the support element 1, in particular by its sleeve shape.

[0072] The contact element 2 is in sliding contact with the connecting rod 106. This allows for the largest possible support and / or guidance of the connecting rod 106.

[0073] The contact element 2 is inserted and / or pressed into the opening 9 of the holder 3 to ensure a firm hold in the axial direction, so that the contact element 2 is not moved out of the holder 3 when the connecting rod 106 is moved along the axis A.

[0074] To achieve a suitable fit and to insert the contact element 2 into the holder 3, the contact element 2 can consist predominantly or entirely of a plastic such as a polymer, e.g., POM or PTFE. This makes it possible to manufacture the contact element 2 cost-effectively and in large quantities. Furthermore, when using these materials, especially if the contact element 2 consists entirely or predominantly of them, it can be designed to be elastic in order to compensate for tolerances between the contact element 2 and the connecting rod 106 and / or between the contact element 2 and the holder 3 by allowing deformation of the contact element 2 within predetermined limits.

[0075] The contact element 2 can have different tolerance compensation structures with which a tolerance compensation between the holder 3 and the contact element 2 and / or between the contact element 2 and the connecting rod 106 can be achieved.

[0076] The following is in the Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 5 shows a first embodiment for a contact element 2 with a tolerance compensation structure. Fig. Figure 4 shows a sectional view of a contact element according to a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. Figure 5 shows an axial view of the contact element according to one of the first embodiments of the invention.

[0077] In Fig. Figure 5 shows that the contact element 2 has projections 4. These projections 4 extend essentially radially to axis A and come into contact with the inside of the holder 3. For clarity, the holder 3 is shown here only as a circle. Fig. 4 shows the section marked as II from Fig. 5. It can be seen that the contact element 2 is essentially designed as a sleeve.

[0078] Due to the projections 4, the contact element 2 does not make full contact with the inner surface of the opening 9 of the holder 3. Instead, the projections 4 create axially extended contact areas or contact surfaces, which allows tolerances or shape deviations of the opening 9 of the holder 3 to be compensated for, because the contact element only needs to make contact with the inner surface of the opening 9 of the holder 3 at the contact surfaces formed by the projections 4. A circumferential deviation of the actual shape of the opening 9 of the holder 3 from a desired shape therefore has less influence on the contact element 2 and deforms it less when inserted into the opening 9, compared to a contact element without corresponding projections 4.

[0079] It can also be seen that four recesses are formed between the projections. These recesses serve to prevent the use of the connecting rod 106 (see, for example, [reference]). Fig. 3) In the opening 8 of the contact element 2, a tolerance compensation takes place between the connecting rod 106 and the contact element 2. For example, if the connecting rod 106 is designed with an interference fit compared to the opening 8 due to tolerances or intentionally, the recesses that exist between the projections 4 allow the contact element to expand radially as a result of the insertion of the connecting rod 106 into the opening 8, so that ultimately the joining of the connecting rod 106 into the contact element 2 and thus into the support element 1 can take place with as little play as possible.

[0080] The projections 4 are arranged here offset from each other by 90° and extend parallel to axis A. In other words, the illustrated embodiment has four evenly distributed projections 4 on the contact element 2 in the circumferential direction. Other embodiments are conceivable besides this one. For example, three projections 4 or more than four projections 4 can be provided. Increasing the number of projections reduces the effect of tolerance compensation, since this also reduces the circumferential distances between the individual projections 4, thereby also reducing the circumferential depressions between the projections 4. Therefore, embodiments with three, four, or five projections 4 are preferred in order to achieve the desired tolerance compensation between the connecting rod 106 and the contact element 2 and / or between the contact element 2 and the holder 3.

[0081] Other embodiments not shown may have projections or recesses that do not extend exclusively axially. For example, these projections or recesses may be formed along a helical line extending around axis A.

[0082] A second embodiment of the contact element is described in the Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shown. Fig. Figure 6 shows a sectional view of this contact element and Fig. 7 an axial view of the contact element from Fig. 6. Fig. 6 shows the one in Fig. 7 section marked II-II.

[0083] It can be seen that the contact element 2 is essentially designed as a sleeve extending along axis A. The surface of the contact element 2 is perforated by a recess 5, which is shown here as an axially extending slot. The recess 5 allows the contact element 2 to deform circumferentially. It thus also serves to compensate for tolerances or to adapt the contact element 2 to the holder 3 (see figure). Fig. 3) and / or to the connecting rod 106. If the contact element is inserted into the opening of the bracket 3 and there is an interference fit, the recess 5 allows the contact element 2 to be compressed or adapted to the opening of the bracket 3. Otherwise, if the connecting rod 106 has an interference fit with the opening 8 of the contact element 2, the contact element 2, or more precisely the opening 8, can be enlarged to guide the connecting rod 106 into the opening 8 or through the contact element 2.

[0084] The recess 5, or slot, is designed here as a recess 5 extending axially parallel to axis A. Other embodiments are also conceivable in which the recess does not run axially, but instead, for example, in a helical line extending to axis A.

[0085] It can also be seen that a web 6 is provided in the recess 5, bridging part of the recess. The web 6 is shaped such that it covers as large an area as possible of the recess 5 in the axial direction, i.e., fills as large an area as possible of the recess 5 in the direction of axis A with material. This is shown in Fig. The web 6 itself is connected to the remaining contact element 2, specifically to the edges of the recess 5, only over a short section to the left and right of the recess 5, compared to the axial extent of the recess 5. However, the web 6 does not extend exclusively circumferentially, but rather at an angle to cover as much of the recess 5 as possible in the axial direction. This prevents several such contact elements 2 from interlocking at the recesses 5 during manufacturing or production, for example, when they are in a sorting or feeding device such as a drum feeder and / or a vibrating feeder, thus preventing the feeding process from being impeded. Therefore, it is advantageous for the web 6 to fill the recess 5 with as much material as possible.

[0086] The web 6 itself is designed such that the flexibility or deformability of the contact element in the circumferential direction is not increased, or only to a minimal extent, so that essentially the tolerance compensation achieved by the same recess 5 without such a web 6 is also ensured with the web 6. That is, the web 6 is designed to be flexible in the circumferential direction. In the illustrated embodiment, this is achieved, for example, by the shape of the web 6. Here, the web 6 essentially has two legs that are connected to each other at an acute angle in the center of the recess 5 and each abut the left and right edges of the recess 5 at an acute angle, respectively. This significantly reduces the supporting effect of the web 6 in the circumferential direction. The angle between the edge of the recess 5 and the leg of the web 6 is preferably less than 45°.

[0087] The web 6 is further designed to stiffen the contact element 2 in the axial direction. By connecting the edges of the recess 5 with the web 6, axial stiffness or dimensional stability of the contact element 2 can be achieved, while simultaneously maintaining the circumferential flexibility described above. The axial stiffness or dimensional stability of the contact element 2 prevents or at least hinders deformation or displacement of the edges of the recess 5 relative to each other in the direction of axis A. This prevents or at least hinders warping of the edges of the recess 5 relative to each other, particularly during the manufacturing of the contact element 2, for example, after injection molding. This effect can be further enhanced if the web 6 is thinner than the rest of the contact element 2.In this case, it cools down faster than the rest of the part, resulting in greater axial stiffness during cooling. Alternatively or additionally, the web 6 also has a beneficial effect on the dimensional stability of the contact element 2 during cooling in operation, with regard to increasing its axial stiffness. The contact element 2 can heat up during operation, i.e., during the displacement of the connecting rod 106 by the contact element 2, and / or experience shear forces from the connecting rod 106, which could cause the edges of the recess 5 to displace axially relative to each other. This is prevented or at least made more difficult by the web 6.

[0088] Fig. Figure 8 shows a sectional view of a support element 1 according to a third embodiment. Here, the support element 1 has a collar 7 that extends radially outside the holder 3 at opposite ends of the support element 1. In this way, the collar 7 overlaps the holder 3 at least partially from both sides in the radial direction. This provides axial securing of the contact element 2 within the holder 3.

[0089] Fig. Figure 9a shows an axial view of a bracket 3 and Fig. Figure 9b shows a perspective view of a contact element 2 according to a fourth embodiment.

[0090] In Fig. 9b The contact element 2 has two engagement elements 11 which extend essentially radially to the axis A. The engagement elements 11 are designed to engage in two recesses 10 of the holder 3. Fig. 9a to engage. The engagement elements 11 and the recesses 10 are continuous. The engagement elements 11 have the same shape and size along their entire length. The engagement elements 11 are shown with edges, but they can also be curved. In this way, an anti-rotation device can be implemented, since the engagement elements 11 are in positive contact with the recesses 10, thus preventing rotation of the contact element 2 about axis A. Due to the shape of the recesses 10 and the engagement elements 11, it is possible here to insert the contact element 2 into the opening 9 of the holder 3 in the axial direction. Alternatively, it can be provided that the recesses 10 are located inside the opening 9 of the holder 3. Then, simply inserting the contact element 2 into the opening 9 is not possible. For mounting the contact element 2, a multi-part design of the holder 3 is then required, here a two-part design (see Figure 9a). Fig.9a), provided that, for example, the upper part of the holder 3 is designed to be removable and the contact element 2 can be inserted into the holder 3 when it is open, and the holder 3 can then be reassembled.

[0091] Regardless of the design of the engagement elements 11 and / or the recesses 10, a multi-part holder 3 can always be provided to facilitate the assembly of the contact element 2 or the joining of contact element 2 and holder 3. Reference symbol list Axis X direction of displacement 1 support element 2 Contact element 3 brackets 4. Advantage / Deepening 5 recesses 6 Bridge 7 collars 8 Opening 9 Opening 10 recesses 11 Intervention element 100 Steering mechanism 101 Drive interface 102 Mother 103 Spindle 104 Drive unit 105 motion converters 106 Connecting rod 107 translation level

Claims

[1] Steering mechanism (100) for a vehicle, comprising: - a connecting rod (106), wherein the connecting rod (106) is designed to be displaceable for performing a steering movement along a displacement direction (X), and - at least one support element (1) having a contact element (2) with an axis (A), and the contact element (2) being provided in a holder (3) of the support element (1) fixed relative to the connecting rod (106), wherein the contact element (2) has at least one tolerance compensation structure designed to compensate for a tolerance between the holder (3) and the contact element (2) and / or to compensate for a tolerance between the connecting rod (106) and the contact element (2). [2] Steering mechanism (100) according to claim 1, wherein the steering mechanism (100) has a drive interface (101) which is configured to apply a force to the connecting rod (106) to displace it in the displacement direction (X), wherein the connecting rod (106) extends to both sides of the drive interface (101) and at least two of the at least one support element (1) are provided and a first support element (1) thereof is provided on one side of the drive interface (101) on the connecting rod (106) and a second support element (1) thereof is provided on a side of the drive interface (101) opposite the direction of displacement (X) on the connecting rod, or wherein the connecting rod (106) extends to one side of the drive interface (101) and at least one of the at least one support element (1) is provided on the connecting rod (106). [3] Steering mechanism (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the contact element (2) has a sleeve shape through which the connecting rod (106) extends. [4] Steering mechanism (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one tolerance compensation structure has at least one recess extending substantially in the direction of the axis (A) and / or at least one projection (4) extending substantially in the direction of the axis (A). [5] Steering mechanism (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one tolerance compensation structure has at least one recess (5) extending at least partially in the direction of the axis (A). [6] Steering mechanism (100) according to claim 5, wherein at least one web (6) is provided in the recess (5). [7] Vehicle, in particular mover, with a steering mechanism (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6. [8] Contact element (2) for a support element (1) of a steering mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 6. [9] Method for producing a contact element (2) according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises at least one injection molding step. [10] Method for assembling a steering mechanism (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or a support element (1) for a steering mechanism (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising at least one sorting and / or feeding step of a contact element (2) according to claim 8.

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